NELFB negative elongation factor complex member B [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: NELFBprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: negative elongation factor complex member Bprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:24324
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000188986 MIM:611180; AllianceGenome:HGNC:24324
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: COBRA1; NELF-B
Summary: NELFB is a subunit of negative elongation factor (NELF), which also includes NELFA (WHSC2; MIM 606026), either NELFC or NELFD (TH1L; MIM 605297), and NELFE (RDBP; MIM 154040). NELF acts with DRB sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF), a heterodimer of SPT4 (SUPT4H1; MIM 603555) and SPT5 (SUPT5H; MIM 602102), to cause transcriptional pausing of RNA polymerase II (see MIM 180660) (Narita et al., 2003 [PubMed 12612062]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in testis (RPKM 16.5), fat (RPKM 16.5) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 9q34.3

Exon count:: 13

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	9	NC_000009.12 (137255327..137273542)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	9	NC_060933.1 (149492996..149511192)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	9	NC_000009.11 (140149779..140167994)

Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Structural basis of the human negative elongation factor NELF-B/C/E ternary complex.
Title: Structural basis of the human negative elongation factor NELF-B/C/E ternary complex.
NSUN6, an RNA methyltransferase of 5-mC controls glioblastoma response to temozolomide (TMZ) via NELFB and RPS6KB2 interaction.
Title: NSUN6, an RNA methyltransferase of 5-mC controls glioblastoma response to temozolomide (TMZ) via NELFB and RPS6KB2 interaction.
BRCA1 Interacting Protein COBRA1 Facilitates Adaptation to Castrate-Resistant Growth Conditions.
Title: BRCA1 Interacting Protein COBRA1 Facilitates Adaptation to Castrate-Resistant Growth Conditions.
A positively charged face of NELF-AC is involved in RNA binding, whereas the opposite face of the NELF-AC subcomplex binds NELF-B. NELF-B is predicted to form a HEAT repeat fold, also binds RNA in vivo, and anchors the subunit NELF-E, which is confirmed to bind RNA in vivo.
Title: Architecture and RNA binding of the human negative elongation factor.
High COBRA1 expression is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Title: Knockdown of COBRA1 decreases the proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
both human and mouse NELF-B proteins are translated from a non-AUG codon upstream of the annotated AUG.
Title: Translational Initiation at a Non-AUG Start Codon for Human and Mouse Negative Elongation Factor-B.
These studies allow us to position the actions of two new modulators of GR-regulated transactivation, NELF-A and NELF-B, relative to other factors in the overall gene induction sequence.
Title: A conserved protein motif is required for full modulatory activity of negative elongation factor subunits NELF-A and NELF-B in modifying glucocorticoid receptor-regulated gene induction properties.
data show that NELF subunits exhibit highly specific subcellular localizations, such as in NELF bodies or in midbodies, and some shuttle actively between the nucleus and cytoplasm; loss of NELF from cells can lead to enlarged and/or multiple nuclei
Title: Cellular dynamics of the negative transcription elongation factor NELF.
a lack of COBRA1 expression in breast carcinoma may serve as a useful indicator for poor prognosis.
Title: Deregulation of cofactor of BRCA1 expression in breast cancer cells.
COBRA1 and BRCA1 may engage in common gene regulatory pathways to suppress breast cancer progression.
Title: Concerted transcriptional regulation by BRCA1 and COBRA1 in breast cancer cells.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (17)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Replication interactions

Interaction	Pubs
Knockdown of NELF-B by shRNA enhances HIV-1 transcription in latently infected cells	PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	NELF represses HIV-1 transcription by pausing the RNA polymerase II complex	PubMed
	tat	NELF associates with HIV-1 Tat as part of the HIV-1 transcription elongation complex	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables RNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell population proliferation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of stem cell differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in stem cell differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of NELF complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of NELF complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of NELF complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: negative elongation factor B

Names: cofactor of BRCA1; negative elongation factor protein B

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_015456.5 → NP_056271.3 negative elongation factor B

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AK022651, AL050280, BC019029, DA210427

Consensus CDS

CCDS7040.2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A5H1ZRP4

Related

ENSP00000339495.6, ENST00000343053.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam06209
Location:155 → 626

COBRA1; Cofactor of BRCA1 (COBRA1)