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    GRM1 glutamate metabotropic receptor 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 2911, updated on 5-Jan-2025

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    GRM1provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    glutamate metabotropic receptor 1provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:4593
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000152822 MIM:604473; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4593
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    MGLU1; SCA44; GPRC1A; MGLUR1; SCAR13; PPP1R85
    Summary
    This gene encodes a metabotropic glutamate receptor that functions by activating phospholipase C. L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The canonical alpha isoform of the encoded protein is a disulfide-linked homodimer whose activity is mediated by a G-protein-coupled phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. This gene may be associated with many disease states, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, and breast cancer. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]
    Expression
    Biased expression in brain (RPKM 2.8), heart (RPKM 1.1) and 2 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

    See GRM1 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    6q24.3
    Exon count:
    11
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 6 NC_000006.12 (146027707..146437601)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 6 NC_060930.1 (147215189..147630683)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 6 NC_000006.11 (146348843..146758737)

    Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene EPM2A divergent transcript Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:146135340-146135894 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25227 Neighboring gene F-box protein 30 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25228 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901420 Neighboring gene SNF2 histone linker PHD RING helicase Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25229 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:146285382-146286369 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:146350016-146350516 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:146350517-146351017 Neighboring gene FUN14 domain containing 2 pseudogene 3 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:146578666-146579217 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr6:146678820-146680019 Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 222 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr6:146709629-146710828 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17644 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 4102 Neighboring gene RAB32, member RAS oncogene family Neighboring gene ADGB divergent transcript

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function by activating metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 in human brain noradrenergic neurons PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat potentiates the depolarization-evoked exocytosis of aspartate from human neocortical terminals, which involves the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) 1 receptor PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    General gene information

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway  
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway PubMed 
    involved_in L-glutamate import across plasma membrane  
    involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway  
    involved_in cellular response to electrical stimulus  
    involved_in chemical synaptic transmission  
    involved_in locomotory behavior  
    involved_in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway PubMed 
    involved_in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of MAPK cascade  
    involved_in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration  
    involved_in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential  
    involved_in regulation of sensory perception of pain  
    involved_in regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic  
    involved_in sensory perception of pain  
    involved_in synaptic signaling via neuropeptide PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of G protein-coupled receptor dimeric complex PubMed 
    part_of G protein-coupled receptor homodimeric complex PubMed 
    located_in Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse  
    located_in dendrite  
    located_in glutamatergic synapse  
    located_in nucleus  
    is_active_in plasma membrane  
    located_in plasma membrane PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane  
    is_active_in postsynaptic density membrane  

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    metabotropic glutamate receptor 1
    Names
    glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1
    protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 85

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_012839.2 RefSeqGene

      Range
      6417..414956
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001278064.2 → NP_001264993.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform alpha precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001264993.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) encodes the longest isoform (alpha).
      Source sequence(s)
      AB208837, AL035698, AL096867, BC136280, L76627, L76631
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS5209.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B9EG79, F8W805, Q13255, Q13256, Q14757, Q14758, Q5VTF7, Q5VTF8, Q9NU10, Q9UGS9, Q9UGT0
      Related
      ENSP00000282753.1, ENST00000282753.6
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd15449
      Location:591 → 840
      7tmC_mGluR1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 in group 1, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
      cd06374
      Location:36 → 510
      PBP1_mGluR_groupI; ligand binding domain of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor
      pfam07562
      Location:521 → 571
      NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR
      pfam10606
      Location:1145 → 1194
      GluR_Homer-bdg; Homer-binding domain of metabotropic glutamate receptor
    2. NM_001278065.2 → NP_001264994.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform beta precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001264994.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) contains an alternate exon in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 3. The encoded isoform (beta) is shorter and contains a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform alpha. Isoform beta has a different subcellular distribution than isoform alpha and may be functionally distinct due to differential G-protein coupling of its novel C-terminal sequence (PMID: 9076744). Variants 4 and 5 encode the same isoform.
      Source sequence(s)
      AB208837, AL035698, AL096867, L76627, L76631
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS47497.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59HC2
      Related
      ENSP00000424095.1, ENST00000492807.6
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd15449
      Location:591 → 840
      7tmC_mGluR1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 in group 1, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
      cd06374
      Location:36 → 510
      PBP1_mGluR_groupI; ligand binding domain of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor
      pfam07562
      Location:521 → 571
      NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR
    3. NM_001278066.1 → NP_001264995.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform beta precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001264995.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) contains an alternate internal exon in the 3' coding region and uses an alternate splice site in the 3'-terminal exon, compared to variant 3. The encoded isoform (beta) is shorter and contains a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform alpha. Isoform beta has a different subcellular distribution than isoform alpha and may be functionally distinct due to differential G-protein coupling of its novel C-terminal sequence (PMID: 9076744). Variants 4 and 5 encode the same isoform.
      Source sequence(s)
      AB208837, BC143777, L76627, L76631
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS47497.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59HC2
      Related
      ENSP00000425599.1, ENST00000507907.1
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd15449
      Location:591 → 840
      7tmC_mGluR1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 in group 1, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
      cd06374
      Location:36 → 510
      PBP1_mGluR_groupI; ligand binding domain of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor
      pfam07562
      Location:521 → 571
      NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR
    4. NM_001278067.1 → NP_001264996.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform d precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001264996.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (6) uses an alternate splice site in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 3. The encoded isoform (d) is shorter and contains a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform alpha. Isoform d may have a distinct function compared to isoform alpha (PMID: 9776379).
      Source sequence(s)
      AB208837, BC143779, L76627, L76631
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS64548.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59HC2
      Related
      ENSP00000347437.4, ENST00000355289.8
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd15449
      Location:591 → 840
      7tmC_mGluR1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 in group 1, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
      cd06374
      Location:36 → 510
      PBP1_mGluR_groupI; ligand binding domain of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor
      pfam07562
      Location:521 → 571
      NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      146027707..146437601
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_017010784.2 → XP_016866273.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B9EG79, F8W805, Q13255, Q13256, Q14757, Q14758, Q5VTF7, Q5VTF8, Q9NU10, Q9UGS9, Q9UGT0
      Related
      ENSP00000354896.2, ENST00000361719.6
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd15449
      Location:591 → 840
      7tmC_mGluR1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 in group 1, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
      cd06374
      Location:36 → 510
      PBP1_mGluR_groupI; ligand binding domain of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor
      pfam07562
      Location:521 → 571
      NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR
      pfam10606
      Location:1145 → 1194
      GluR_Homer-bdg; Homer-binding domain of metabotropic glutamate receptor
    2. XM_011535782.2 → XP_011534084.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011534084.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B9EG79, F8W805, Q13255, Q13256, Q14757, Q14758, Q5VTF7, Q5VTF8, Q9NU10, Q9UGS9, Q9UGT0
      Related
      ENSP00000516579.1, ENST00000706833.1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd15449
      Location:591 → 840
      7tmC_mGluR1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 in group 1, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
      cd06374
      Location:36 → 510
      PBP1_mGluR_groupI; ligand binding domain of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor
      pfam07562
      Location:521 → 571
      NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR
      pfam10606
      Location:1145 → 1194
      GluR_Homer-bdg; Homer-binding domain of metabotropic glutamate receptor
    3. XM_017010783.2 → XP_016866272.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B9EG79, F8W805, Q13255, Q13256, Q14757, Q14758, Q5VTF7, Q5VTF8, Q9NU10, Q9UGS9, Q9UGT0
      Related
      ENSP00000516581.1, ENST00000706835.1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd15449
      Location:591 → 840
      7tmC_mGluR1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 in group 1, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
      cd06374
      Location:36 → 510
      PBP1_mGluR_groupI; ligand binding domain of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor
      pfam07562
      Location:521 → 571
      NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR
      pfam10606
      Location:1145 → 1194
      GluR_Homer-bdg; Homer-binding domain of metabotropic glutamate receptor
    4. XM_017010788.2 → XP_016866277.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X2

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      147215189..147630683
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054355250.1 → XP_054211225.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1

    2. XM_054355248.1 → XP_054211223.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1

    3. XM_054355249.1 → XP_054211224.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1

    4. XM_054355251.1 → XP_054211226.1  metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X2

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