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    RND2 Rho family GTPase 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 8153, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    RND2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    Rho family GTPase 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:18315
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000108830 MIM:601555; AllianceGenome:HGNC:18315
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    ARHN; RHO7; RhoN
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the Rho GTPase family, whose members play a key role in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization in response to extracellular growth factors. This particular family member has been implicated in the regulation of neuronal morphology and endosomal trafficking. The gene localizes to chromosome 17 and is the centromeric neighbor of the breast-ovarian cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Biased expression in brain (RPKM 14.7), testis (RPKM 13.8) and 5 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

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    See RND2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    17q21.31
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 17 NC_000017.11 (43025231..43032041)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 17 NC_060941.1 (43883786..43890596)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 17 NC_000017.10 (41177248..41184058)

    Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 12233 Neighboring gene interferon induced protein 35 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8550 Neighboring gene vesicle amine transport 1 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 8675 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:41195058-41195600 Neighboring gene BRCA1 DNA repair associated Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:41214996-41215531 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr17:41224055-41224260 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L21 pseudogene 4 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr17:41243136-41244335 Neighboring gene BRCA1 intronic recombination region Neighboring gene BRCA1 intron 2 regulatory region Neighboring gene BRCA1 promoter region Neighboring gene neighbor of BRCA1 lncRNA 2 Neighboring gene high mobility group nucleosome binding domain 1 pseudogene 29

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Small GTP-binding proteins of the ras family: a conserved functional mechanism? Chardin P. Cancer Cells, 1991 Apr. PMID 1909153
    2. Upregulation of Rho7 in the temporal lobe tissue of humans with intractable epilepsy. Yang X, et al. Mol Med Rep, 2017 Dec. PMID 29039551
    3. RND2 attenuates apoptosis and autophagy in glioblastoma cells by targeting the p38 MAPK signalling pathway. Xu Y, et al. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2020 Aug 31. PMID 32867814, Free PMC Article
    4. Rapostlin is a novel effector of Rnd2 GTPase inducing neurite branching. Fujita H, et al. J Biol Chem, 2002 Nov 22. PMID 12244061
    5. Rho family GTPase Rnd2 interacts and co-localizes with MgcRacGAP in male germ cells. Naud N, et al. Biochem J, 2003 May 15. PMID 12590651, Free PMC Article

    See all (28) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. RND2 attenuates apoptosis and autophagy in glioblastoma cells by targeting the p38 MAPK signalling pathway.
      Title: RND2 attenuates apoptosis and autophagy in glioblastoma cells by targeting the p38 MAPK signalling pathway.
    2. Rho7 expression was increased in the neurons of patients with IE compared with control samples, which indicated that Rho7 may be associated with the progression of IE or act as a potential target for IE treatment.
      Title: Upregulation of Rho7 in the temporal lobe tissue of humans with intractable epilepsy.
    3. Rnd2 regulates neurite outgrowth by functioning as the RhoA activator through Pragmin, in contrast to Rnd1 and Rnd3 inhibiting RhoA signaling
      Title: Pragmin, a novel effector of Rnd2 GTPase, stimulates RhoA activity.
    4. The RND2 mRNA levels increased significantly after gestation in myometria.
      Title: Differences in the gestational pattern of mRNA expression of the Rnd family in rat and human myometria.
    5. Socius is a novel Rnd GTPase-interacting protein involved in disassembly of actin stress fibers
      Title: Socius is a novel Rnd GTPase-interacting protein involved in disassembly of actin stress fibers.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables GTP binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables GTPase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein kinase binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in actin filament organization IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in collateral sprouting IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of collateral sprouting IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in signal transduction IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in small GTPase-mediated signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in acrosomal membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in cytosol IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in early endosome IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoN
    Names
    CTD-3199J23.4
    GTP-binding protein Rho7
    ras homolog gene family, member N
    rho-related GTP-binding protein Rho7

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_005440.5 → NP_005431.1  rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoN

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005431.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC135721, BC094842, BU687800, DB502558
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS11452.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8K2D4, O00690, O00734, P52198, Q5U0P6, Q99535
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59EN3
      Related
      ENSP00000466680.1, ENST00000587250.4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd04173
      Location:7 → 227
      Rnd2_Rho7; Rnd2/Rho7 GTPases

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000017.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      43025231..43032041
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011525316.2 → XP_011523618.1  rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoN isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011523618.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59EN3
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00174
      Location:10 → 182
      RHO; Rho (Ras homology) subfamily of Ras-like small GTPases
      cd04173
      Location:7 → 227
      Rnd2_Rho7; Rnd2/Rho7 GTPases

    2. XM_011525317.3 → XP_011523619.1  rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoN isoform X2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011523619.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59EN3
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl38936
      Location:7 → 199
      P-loop_NTPase; P-loop containing Nucleoside Triphosphate Hydrolases

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060941.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      43883786..43890596
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054317440.1 → XP_054173415.1  rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoN isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59EN3

    2. XM_054317441.1 → XP_054173416.1  rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoN isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59EN3
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P52198.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P52198

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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