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    Hk Hyperkinetic [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

    Gene ID: 31955, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Hkprovided by FlyBase
    Official Full Name
    Hyperkineticprovided by FlyBase
    Primary source
    FLYBASE:FBgn0263220
    Locus tag
    Dmel_CG43388
    See related
    AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0263220
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Drosophila melanogaster
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
    Also known as
    CG17779; CG2287; CG32688; CG34319; CG43388; Dmel\CG43388; Dm_X:51771; hk; HK; lincRNA.975
    Old locus tag
    Dmel_CG32688; Dmel_CG34319
    Summary
    Enables potassium channel activator activity and transmembrane transporter binding activity. Involved in circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep and positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep. Part of voltage-gated potassium channel complex. Is expressed in adult head; eye; posterior endoderm; and posterior midgut primordium. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in temporal lobe epilepsy. Orthologous to human KCNAB1 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A regulatory beta subunit 1); KCNAB2 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A regulatory beta subunit 2); and KCNAB3 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A regulatory beta subunit 3). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Orthologs
    all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    9B4-9B5; 1-31 cM
    Exon count:
    16
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) X NC_004354.4 (10233347..10263485, complement)
    Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) X NC_004354.3 (10127380..10157518, complement)

    Chromosome X - NC_004354.4Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene antisense RNA:CR43959 Neighboring gene alpha-Mannosidase class I a Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Intensity of Mutualism Breakdown Is Determined by Temperature Not Amplification of Wolbachia Genes. Rohrscheib CE, et al. PLoS Pathog, 2016 Sep. PMID 27661080, Free PMC Article
    2. Sleep, aging, and lifespan in Drosophila. Bushey D, et al. BMC Neurosci, 2010 Apr 29. PMID 20429945, Free PMC Article
    3. A relation between longevity, metabolic rate, and activity in shaker mutants of Drosophila melanogaster. Trout WE, et al. Exp Gerontol, 1970 Apr. PMID 5446387
    4. Activity and sexual behavior of neurological mutants in Drosophila melanogaster. Burnet B, et al. Behav Genet, 1974 Sep. PMID 4212911
    5. Altered synaptic transmission in Drosophila hyperkinetic mutants. Stern M, et al. J Neurogenet, 1989 Aug. PMID 2553904

    See all (145) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. This study found that mutations of two genes, Hyperkinetic (Hk) and glutathione S-transferase-S1 (gsts1), alter the response to social isolation in Drosophila.
      Title: Effects of social isolation on neuromuscular excitability and aggressive behaviors in Drosophila: altered responses by Hk and gsts1, two mutations implicated in redox regulation.
    2. A gene, Hk, is identified which is necessary to maintain normal sleep; severe loss-of-function mutations of Hk reduce sleep, primarily by affecting the Shaker (Sh) current.
      Title: Drosophila Hyperkinetic mutants have reduced sleep and impaired memory.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables aldo-keto reductase (NADPH) activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables potassium channel activator activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables potassium channel regulator activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables potassium channel regulator activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables transmembrane transporter binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables transmembrane transporter binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables voltage-gated potassium channel activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in potassium ion transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    part_of voltage-gated potassium channel complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of voltage-gated potassium channel complex IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    hyperkinetic
    Names
    CG43388-PD
    CG43388-PE
    CG43388-PF
    CG43388-PG
    CG43388-PH
    CG43388-PI
    CG43388-PK
    CG43388-PL
    CG43388-PM
    Hk-PD
    Hk-PE
    Hk-PF
    Hk-PG
    Hk-PH
    Hk-PI
    Hk-PK
    Hk-PL
    Hk-PM
    hyperk
    kvbeta channel subunit

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_004354.4 Reference assembly

      Range
      10233347..10263485 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001272470.2 → NP_001259399.1  hyperkinetic, isoform K [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259399.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9PE66, Q24052
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR01293
      Location:206 → 532
      Kv_beta; voltage-dependent potassium channel beta subunit, animal
      pfam00248
      Location:219 → 532
      Aldo_ket_red; Aldo/keto reductase family

    2. NM_167222.3 → NP_727405.1  hyperkinetic, isoform G [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_727405.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q95T26, Q9W2W9
      Related
      FBpp0300313
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR01293
      Location:50 → 376
      Kv_beta; voltage-dependent potassium channel beta subunit, animal
      pfam00248
      Location:63 → 376
      Aldo_ket_red; Aldo/keto reductase family

    3. NM_001258682.2 → NP_001245611.1  hyperkinetic, isoform H [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001245611.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9NF11
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR01293
      Location:32 → 358
      Kv_beta; voltage-dependent potassium channel beta subunit, animal
      pfam00248
      Location:45 → 358
      Aldo_ket_red; Aldo/keto reductase family

    4. NM_001258683.2 → NP_001245612.1  hyperkinetic, isoform I [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001245612.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9NGY7
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR01293
      Location:50 → 377
      Kv_beta; voltage-dependent potassium channel beta subunit, animal
      pfam00248
      Location:63 → 377
      Aldo_ket_red; Aldo/keto reductase family

    5. NM_001258680.2 → NP_001245609.1  hyperkinetic, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001245609.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q95T26, Q9W2W9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR01293
      Location:50 → 376
      Kv_beta; voltage-dependent potassium channel beta subunit, animal
      pfam00248
      Location:63 → 376
      Aldo_ket_red; Aldo/keto reductase family

    6. NM_001258681.2 → NP_001245610.1  hyperkinetic, isoform F [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001245610.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9NEC7
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      TIGR01293
      Location:356 → 682
      Kv_beta; voltage-dependent potassium channel beta subunit, animal
      pfam00248
      Location:369 → 682
      Aldo_ket_red; Aldo/keto reductase family
      cl23720
      Location:30 → 69
      RILP-like; Rab interacting lysosomal protein-like 1 and 2 (Rilpl1 and Rilpl2)

    7. NM_078549.4 → NP_511104.3  hyperkinetic, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_511104.3

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q24052, Q9W2X0
      Related
      FBpp0300311
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR01293
      Location:205 → 531
      Kv_beta; voltage-dependent potassium channel beta subunit, animal
      pfam00248
      Location:218 → 531
      Aldo_ket_red; Aldo/keto reductase family

    8. NM_001272471.2 → NP_001259400.1  hyperkinetic, isoform L [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259400.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9PGS8, Q24052
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR01293
      Location:205 → 531
      Kv_beta; voltage-dependent potassium channel beta subunit, animal
      pfam00248
      Location:218 → 531
      Aldo_ket_red; Aldo/keto reductase family

    9. NM_001272472.2 → NP_001259401.1  hyperkinetic, isoform M [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259401.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9PHI0
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR01293
      Location:205 → 531
      Kv_beta; voltage-dependent potassium channel beta subunit, animal
      pfam00248
      Location:218 → 531
      Aldo_ket_red; Aldo/keto reductase family
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    M9NEC7 M9NEC7
    M9NF11 M9NF11
    M9NGY7 M9NGY7
    M9PE66 M9PE66
    M9PGS8 M9PGS8
    M9PHI0 M9PHI0
    Q24052 Q24052
    Q9W2W9 Q9W2W9
    Q9W2X0 Q9W2X0

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