GAL3 transcriptional regulator GAL3 [Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: GAL3
Official Full Name: transcriptional regulator GAL3
Primary source: SGD:S000002416
Locus tag: YDR009W
See related: AllianceGenome:SGD:S000002416; FungiDB:YDR009W; VEuPathDB:YDR009W
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C (strain: S288C)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Saccharomycotina; Saccharomycetes; Saccharomycetales; Saccharomycetaceae; Saccharomyces
Summary: Predicted to enable galactokinase activity. Involved in galactose metabolic process; maintenance of protein location; and positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. Orthologous to human GALK2 (galactokinase 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
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Genomic context

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See GAL3 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: IV

Exon count:: 1

Sequence:: Chromosome: IV; NC_001136.10 (463434..464996)

Chromosome IV - NC_001136.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_001136.10

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Computational study allowed to correctly predict that a non-synonymous SNP would change the binding affinity of Gal3p with the Gal80p transcriptional repressor.
Title: Assigning function to natural allelic variation via dynamic modeling of gene network induction.
The results suggest that the dynamics of residue F237 situated in the hydrophobic pocket located in the hinge region drives the transition between different conformations.
Title: Multiple Conformations of Gal3 Protein Drive the Galactose-Induced Allosteric Activation of the GAL Genetic Switch of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
GAL3 is the major driver of GAL induction variation, and that GAL3 allelic variation alone can explain as much as 90% of the variation in GAL induction in a cross.
Title: Polymorphisms in the yeast galactose sensor underlie a natural continuum of nutrient-decision phenotypes.
Discuss the effect of Gal3 on the quaternary structure of Gal80 in light of the evidence pointing to multimeric Gal80 as the form required to inhibit Gal4.
Title: Self-association of the Gal4 inhibitor protein Gal80 is impaired by Gal3: evidence for a new mechanism in the GAL gene switch.
Overproduction of Gal3p or Gal4p mutants with altered Gal80p-binding characteristics restores GAL gene expression in mutants deficient in ATP or NADP(H) synthesis.
Title: Multiple metabolic signals influence GAL gene activation by modulating the interaction of Gal80p with the transcriptional activator Gal4p.
Gal3p moves from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and interact with Gal80p in response to galactose induction.
Title: Localization and interaction of the proteins constituting the GAL genetic switch in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
A reverse two-hybrid selection for GAL3 mutations that impair the Gal3-Gal80 interaction yielded 12 single-amino-acid substitutions at residues that are predicted to be surface exposed on Gal3.
Title: Genetic evidence for sites of interaction between the Gal3 and Gal80 proteins of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae GAL gene switch.
the binding of Gal3 to the Gal80 monomer competes with Gal80 self-association, reducing the amount of the Gal80 dimer available for inhibition of Gal4
Title: Gal80 dimerization and the yeast GAL gene switch.
a conserved tyrosine in Gal3 has a role in signal transduction
Title: Replacement of a conserved tyrosine by tryptophan in Gal3p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae reduces constitutive activity: implications for signal transduction in the GAL regulon.
Gal1p and Gal3p respond to their substrates in a similar, perhaps identical, fashion
Title: Contribution of amino acid side chains to sugar binding specificity in a galactokinase, Gal1p, and a transcriptional inducer, Gal3p.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (13)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

D17S1252 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:149865

Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by SGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables galactokinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables galactokinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in carbohydrate phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in galactose metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in galactose metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in galactose metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in maintenance of protein location	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: transcriptional regulator GAL3

NP_010292.1

Transcriptional regulator; involved in activation of the GAL genes in response to galactose; forms a complex with Gal80p to relieve Gal80p inhibition of Gal4p; binds galactose and ATP but does not have galactokinase activity; GAL3 has a paralog, GAL1, that arose from the whole genome duplication