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    TOR target of rapamycin [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 841427, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    TOR
    Official Full Name
    target of rapamycin
    Primary source
    TAIR:AT1G50030
    Locus tag
    AT1G50030
    See related
    Araport:AT1G50030
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    F2J10.19; F2J10_19; target of rapamycin
    Summary
    Related to TOR proteins from yeast and mammals, regulators of cell growth in response to nutrient availability. TOR proteins belong to the family of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and are targets of the antiproliferative drug rapamycin. AtTOR binds the yeast FKBP12 protein in the presence of Rapamycin, is involved in embryogenesis and is expressed in embryos, endosperm and meristems.
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    Genomic context

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    See TOR in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 1
    Exon count:
    56
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 1; NC_003070.9 (18522248..18539995, complement)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_003070.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene tubulin alpha-2 chain Neighboring gene tubulin alpha-6 chain Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene formin-like protein, putative (DUF1005) Neighboring gene CAP (Cysteine-rich secretory proteins, Antigen 5, and Pathogenesis-related 1 protein) superfamily protein

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003070.9

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. ATP-competitive mTOR kinase inhibitors delay plant growth by triggering early differentiation of meristematic cells but no developmental patterning change. Montané MH, et al. J Exp Bot, 2013 Nov. PMID 23963679, Free PMC Article
    2. Inhibition of TOR Represses Nutrient Consumption, Which Improves Greening after Extended Periods of Etiolation. Zhang Y, et al. Plant Physiol, 2018 Sep. PMID 30049747, Free PMC Article
    3. Arabidopsis TOR signaling is essential for sugar-regulated callus formation. Lee K, et al. J Integr Plant Biol, 2017 Oct. PMID 28623850
    4. TOR Signaling Promotes Accumulation of BZR1 to Balance Growth with Carbon Availability in Arabidopsis. Zhang Z, et al. Curr Biol, 2016 Jul 25. PMID 27345161, Free PMC Article
    5. Viral protein suppresses oxidative burst and salicylic acid-dependent autophagy and facilitates bacterial growth on virus-infected plants. Zvereva AS, et al. New Phytol, 2016 Aug. PMID 27120694

    See all (49) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. TOR represses stress responses through global regulation of H3K27 trimethylation in plants.
      Title: TOR represses stress responses through global regulation of H3K27 trimethylation in plants.
    2. Target of rapamycin signaling couples energy to oxygen sensing to modulate hypoxic gene expression in Arabidopsis.
      Title: Target of rapamycin signaling couples energy to oxygen sensing to modulate hypoxic gene expression in Arabidopsis.
    3. Glucose-driven TOR-FIE-PRC2 signalling controls plant development.
      Title: Glucose-driven TOR-FIE-PRC2 signalling controls plant development.
    4. ABA represses TOR and root meristem activity through nuclear exit of the SnRK1 kinase.
      Title: ABA represses TOR and root meristem activity through nuclear exit of the SnRK1 kinase.
    5. TOR and SnRK1 fine tune SPEECHLESS transcription and protein stability to optimize stomatal development in response to exogenously supplied sugar.
      Title: TOR and SnRK1 fine tune SPEECHLESS transcription and protein stability to optimize stomatal development in response to exogenously supplied sugar.
    6. Diverse nitrogen signals activate convergent ROP2-TOR signaling in Arabidopsis.
      Title: Diverse nitrogen signals activate convergent ROP2-TOR signaling in Arabidopsis.
    7. TOR coordinates nucleotide availability with ribosome biogenesis in plants.
      Title: TOR coordinates nucleotide availability with ribosome biogenesis in plants.
    8. The TOR-EIN2 axis mediates nuclear signalling to modulate plant growth.
      Title: The TOR-EIN2 axis mediates nuclear signalling to modulate plant growth.
    9. Parallel global profiling of plant TOR dynamics reveals a conserved role for LARP1 in translation.
      Title: Parallel global profiling of plant TOR dynamics reveals a conserved role for LARP1 in translation.
    10. Glucose-TOR signaling regulates PIN2 stability to orchestrate auxin gradient and cell expansion in Arabidopsis root.
      Title: Glucose-TOR signaling regulates PIN2 stability to orchestrate auxin gradient and cell expansion in Arabidopsis root.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (38)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    NM_001123987.1
    NM_103891.4

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein-containing complex binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within dephosphorylation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within embryo development ending in seed dormancy IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in gravitropism IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of autophagy IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of defense response to virus IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of abscisic acid biosynthetic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of auxin mediated signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of brassinosteroid mediated signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cell growth IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of embryonic development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of glucose mediated signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of rRNA processing IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within post-embryonic development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within rRNA transcription IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in response to auxin IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    NOT involved_in response to rapamycin IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in response to rapamycin IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in response to virus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in response to virus IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in sucrose mediated signaling IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  
    located_in ribosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    target of rapamycin
    NP_001117459.1
    • target of rapamycin (TOR); FUNCTIONS IN: protein binding, 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity; INVOLVED IN: embryo development ending in seed dormancy; LOCATED IN: chloroplast; EXPRESSED IN: 28 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 15 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Phosphatidylinositol 3-/4-kinase, catalytic (InterPro:IPR000403), FKBP12-rapamycin-associated protein, FKBP12-rapamycin-binding (InterPro:IPR009076), Armadillo-like helical (InterPro:IPR011989), Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009), PIK-related kinase, FAT (InterPro:IPR003151), PIK-related kinase (InterPro:IPR014009), Armadillo-type fold (InterPro:IPR016024), Phosphatidylinositol 3/4-kinase, conserved site (InterPro:IPR018936), PIK-related kinase, FATC (InterPro:IPR003152); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated and RAD3-related (TAIR:AT5G40820.1); Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12; Bacteria - 1396; Metazoa - 17338; Fungi - 3422; Plants - 5037; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
    NP_175425.2
    • target of rapamycin (TOR); FUNCTIONS IN: protein binding, 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity; INVOLVED IN: embryo development ending in seed dormancy; LOCATED IN: chloroplast; EXPRESSED IN: 28 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 15 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Phosphatidylinositol 3-/4-kinase, catalytic (InterPro:IPR000403), Armadillo-like helical (InterPro:IPR011989), FKBP12-rapamycin-associated protein, FKBP12-rapamycin-binding (InterPro:IPR009076), Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009), PIK-related kinase, FAT (InterPro:IPR003151), PIK-related kinase (InterPro:IPR014009), Armadillo-type fold (InterPro:IPR016024), PIK-related kinase, FATC (InterPro:IPR003152), Phosphatidylinositol 3/4-kinase, conserved site (InterPro:IPR018936); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated and RAD3-related (TAIR:AT5G40820.1); Has 4645 Blast hits to 4114 proteins in 299 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 46; Metazoa - 1929; Fungi - 1123; Plants - 507; Viruses - 4; Other Eukaryotes - 1036 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003070.9 Reference assembly

      Range
      18522248..18539995 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_103891.4 → NP_175425.2  target of rapamycin [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9FR53, Q9LPM4
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178WN52, A0A5S9WKH8, A0A654EIU8
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      COG5032
      Location:271 → 2481
      TEL1; Phosphatidylinositol kinase or protein kinase, PI-3 family [Signal transduction mechanisms]
      sd00044
      Location:575 → 603
      HEAT; HEAT repeat [structural motif]
      pfam13513
      Location:185 → 233
      HEAT_EZ; HEAT-like repeat

    2. NM_001123987.1 → NP_001117459.1  target of rapamycin [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A654EIU8, F4I4X6
      Conserved Domains (7) summary
      COG5032
      Location:271 → 2454
      TEL1; Phosphatidylinositol kinase or protein kinase, PI-3 family [Signal transduction mechanisms]
      cd05169
      Location:2035 → 2313
      PIKKc_TOR; Catalytic domain of Target of Rapamycin
      pfam02260
      Location:2423 → 2454
      FATC; FATC domain
      pfam08771
      Location:1893 → 1994
      Rapamycin_bind; Rapamycin binding domain
      pfam11865
      Location:776 → 944
      DUF3385; Domain of unknown function (DUF3385)
      pfam13513
      Location:185 → 234
      HEAT_EZ; HEAT-like repeat
      sd00044
      Location:575 → 603
      HEAT; HEAT repeat [structural motif]
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9FR53.1

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