Pkm pyruvate kinase, muscle [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Pkmprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: pyruvate kinase, muscleprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:97591
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000032294 AllianceGenome:MGI:97591
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Pk3; Pk-2; Pk-3; Pkm2
Summary: Enables mRNA binding activity and pyruvate kinase activity. Involved in canonical glycolysis and positive regulation of cytoplasmic translation. Located in cilium and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Is active in cytosol. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; genitourinary system; nervous system; respiratory system; and sensory organ. Orthologous to human PKM (pyruvate kinase M1/2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in duodenum adult (RPKM 494.4), mammary gland adult (RPKM 485.2) and 27 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 9 B; 9 32.03 cM

Exon count:: 18

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	9	NC_000075.7 (59563859..59586655)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	9	NC_000075.6 (59656576..59679372)

Chromosome 9 - NC_000075.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Suppressing nuclear translocation of microglial PKM2 confers neuroprotection via downregulation of neuroinflammation after mouse cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Title: Suppressing nuclear translocation of microglial PKM2 confers neuroprotection via downregulation of neuroinflammation after mouse cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Upregulated expression of ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 promotes PKM2 nuclear translocation and astrocyte activation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Title: Upregulated expression of ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 promotes PKM2 nuclear translocation and astrocyte activation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Muscle-specific pyruvate kinase isoforms, PKM1 and PKM2, regulate mammalian SWI/SNF proteins and histone 3 phosphorylation during myoblast differentiation.
Title: Muscle-specific pyruvate kinase isoforms, PKM1 and PKM2, regulate mammalian SWI/SNF proteins and histone 3 phosphorylation during myoblast differentiation.
Tetramerization of PKM2 Alleviates Traumatic Brain Injury by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Damage in Microglia.
Title: Tetramerization of PKM2 Alleviates Traumatic Brain Injury by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Damage in Microglia.
Pyruvate kinase M2 sustains cardiac mitochondrial quality surveillance in septic cardiomyopathy by regulating prohibitin 2 abundance via S91 phosphorylation.
Title: Pyruvate kinase M2 sustains cardiac mitochondrial quality surveillance in septic cardiomyopathy by regulating prohibitin 2 abundance via S91 phosphorylation.
Endothelial EGLN3-PKM2 signaling induces the formation of acute astrocytic barrier to alleviate immune cell infiltration after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Title: Endothelial EGLN3-PKM2 signaling induces the formation of acute astrocytic barrier to alleviate immune cell infiltration after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
The role of NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-2 in liver metabolic stress through regulating pyruvate kinase M2 ubiquitination.
Title: The role of NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-2 in liver metabolic stress through regulating pyruvate kinase M2 ubiquitination.
PKM2 aggregation drives metabolism reprograming during aging process.
Title: PKM2 aggregation drives metabolism reprograming during aging process.
Pyruvate kinase M2 sustains cardiac mitochondrial integrity in septic cardiomyopathy by regulating PHB2-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis.
Title: Pyruvate kinase M2 sustains cardiac mitochondrial integrity in septic cardiomyopathy by regulating PHB2-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis.
Modulation of PKM2 inhibits follicular helper T cell differentiation and ameliorates inflammation in lupus-prone mice.
Title: Modulation of PKM2 inhibits follicular helper T cell differentiation and ameliorates inflammation in lupus-prone mice.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (122)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (13)
Not Applicable (2)
Spontaneous (1) 1 citation
Targeted (5) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Pkm2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:507144

RH125516 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:162333

Pkm2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:516648

Pkm2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:516649

Pkm2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:516650

Pkm2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:516651

RH125535 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:162351

RH125546 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:162351

Pk3 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:144188

RH124265 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:161087

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ADP binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H2AXY142 kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H3T11 kinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT enables histone H3T11 kinase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables histone H3T11 kinase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables histone H3Y41 kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables mRNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables magnesium ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables potassium ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein dimerization activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein homodimerization activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein homodimerization activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables protein tyrosine kinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein tyrosine kinase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables pyruvate kinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables pyruvate kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables pyruvate kinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables thyroid hormone binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables transcription coactivator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables transcription coactivator activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in animal organ regeneration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in canonical glycolysis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to insulin stimulus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in chromatin remodeling	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in glucose metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glycolytic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within glycolytic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in glycolytic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in glycolytic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in liver development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cytoplasmic translation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in programmed cell death	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in programmed cell death	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in protein homotetramerization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in protein tetramerization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in pyruvate biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in pyruvate metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in skeletal muscle tissue regeneration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cilium	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in collagen-containing extracellular matrix	HDA more info	PubMed
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in mitochondrion	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in myelin sheath	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
part_of pyruvate kinase complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in rough endoplasmic reticulum	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: pyruvate kinase PKM

Names: pyruvate kinase 3; pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2; pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme; threonine-protein kinase PKM2; tyrosine-protein kinase PKM2

NP_001240812.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001365795.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001365796.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001365797.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001365798.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001365799.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001365800.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001365801.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001392420.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_035229.2

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_006510918.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_006510919.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_011240976.2

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_036010583.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_036010584.1

EC 2.7.1.40

EC 2.7.10.2

EC 2.7.11.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001253883.2 → NP_001240812.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform M1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001240812.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform M1. Isoforms M1 and M2 are identical in length but have different sequences. Variants 1, 3, and 4 all encode the same isoform (M1).

Source sequence(s)

AC160637

Consensus CDS

CCDS57681.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P52480

Related

ENSMUSP00000128770.3, ENSMUST00000163694.4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:42 → 530

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
NM_001378866.1 → NP_001365795.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform M1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3), as well as variants 1 and 4, encodes isoform M1.

Source sequence(s)

AC160637

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:42 → 530

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
NM_001378867.1 → NP_001365796.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform M1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (4), as well as variants 1 and 3, encodes isoform M1.

Source sequence(s)

AC160637

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:42 → 530

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
NM_001378868.1 → NP_001365797.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform M2

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (5), as well as variants 2, 6, and 7, encodes isoform M2.

Source sequence(s)

AC160637

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P52480, Q3TBV8, Q3TBW5, Q3TC59, Q3U1X3, Q3U5P6, Q4VC20, Q64484, Q91YI8, Q9CWB1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:42 → 530

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
NM_001378869.1 → NP_001365798.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform M2

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (6), as well as variants 2, 5, and 7, encodes isoform M2.

Source sequence(s)

AC160637

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P52480, Q3TBV8, Q3TBW5, Q3TC59, Q3U1X3, Q3U5P6, Q4VC20, Q64484, Q91YI8, Q9CWB1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:42 → 530

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
NM_001378870.1 → NP_001365799.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform M2

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (7), as well as variants 2, 5, and 6, encodes isoform M2.

Source sequence(s)

AC160637

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P52480, Q3TBV8, Q3TBW5, Q3TC59, Q3U1X3, Q3U5P6, Q4VC20, Q64484, Q91YI8, Q9CWB1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:42 → 530

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
NM_001378871.1 → NP_001365800.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform 3

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (8) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (3).

Source sequence(s)

AC160637

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:102 → 590

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
NM_001378872.1 → NP_001365801.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform 4

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC160637

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:63 → 551

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
NM_001405491.1 → NP_001392420.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform M1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC160637
NM_011099.4 → NP_035229.2 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform M2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_035229.2

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an in-frame exon and contains an alternate in-frame exon in the coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (M2) is identical in length to isoform M1, but has a different sequence. Variants 2 and 5-7 all encode the same isoform (M2).

Source sequence(s)

AC160637

Consensus CDS

CCDS40659.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P52480, Q3TBV8, Q3TBW5, Q3TC59, Q3U1X3, Q3U5P6, Q4VC20, Q64484, Q91YI8, Q9CWB1

Related

ENSMUSP00000034834.10, ENSMUST00000034834.16

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:42 → 530

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...

RNA

NR_166145.1 RNA Sequence

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC160637
NR_166146.1 RNA Sequence

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC160637

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000075.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Range

59563859..59586655

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_011242674.2 → XP_011240976.2 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform X1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:115 → 603

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
XM_036154691.1 → XP_036010584.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform X3

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:102 → 590

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
XM_006510855.1 → XP_006510918.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform X4

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006510918.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P52480, Q3TBV8, Q3TBW5, Q3TC59, Q3U1X3, Q3U5P6, Q4VC20, Q64484, Q91YI8, Q9CWB1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:42 → 530

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
XM_006510856.3 → XP_006510919.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform X6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:68 → 515

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...
XM_036154690.1 → XP_036010583.1 pyruvate kinase PKM isoform X2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00288
Location:112 → 600

Pyruvate_Kinase; Pyruvate kinase (PK): Large allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis through binding of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and one or more allosteric effectors. Like other allosteric enzymes, PK has a high substrate affinity R state and a low ...