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    FOXK2 forkhead box K2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 3607, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    FOXK2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    forkhead box K2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:6036
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000141568 MIM:147685; AllianceGenome:HGNC:6036
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    ILF; ILF1; ILF-1; nGTBP
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene contains a fork head DNA binding domain. This protein can bind to the purine-rich motifs of the HIV long terminal repeat (LTR), and to the similar purine-rich motif in the interleukin 2 (IL2) promoter. It may be involved in the regulation of viral and cellular promoter elements. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in testis (RPKM 11.2), brain (RPKM 8.3) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See FOXK2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    17q25.3
    Exon count:
    10
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 17 NC_000017.11 (82519732..82604602)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 17 NC_060941.1 (83388689..83478590)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 17 NC_000017.10 (80477608..80562478)

    Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13010 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:80416539-80417371 Neighboring gene NARF antisense RNA 2 Neighboring gene nuclear prelamin A recognition factor Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13011 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr17:80452439-80452776 Neighboring gene tRNA-iMet (anticodon CAT) 1-8 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9216 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9217 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9218 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 5709 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:80493259-80493844 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 7485 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:80510130-80510754 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr17:80511221-80511392 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:80520843-80521344 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:80521345-80521844 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:80524020-80524908 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:80528855-80529354 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105371942 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904132 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak3032 silencer Neighboring gene ARF like GTPase 2 binding protein pseudogene 9 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 15512 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak3033 silencer Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13012 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9219 Neighboring gene WD repeat domain 45B Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9220 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9221 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:80605965-80606464 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9222 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13013 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:80622218-80622718 Neighboring gene RAB40B, member RAS oncogene family Neighboring gene microRNA 4525

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. FOXK2 amplification promotes breast cancer development and chemoresistance. Yu Y, et al. Cancer Lett, 2024 Aug 10. PMID 38901667,
    2. FOXK2 promotes ovarian cancer stemness by regulating the unfolded protein response pathway. Zhang Y, et al. J Clin Invest, 2022 May 16. PMID 35349489, Free PMC Article
    3. The forkhead transcription factor FOXK2 premarks lineage-specific genes in human embryonic stem cells for activation during differentiation. Ji Z, et al. Nucleic Acids Res, 2021 Feb 22. PMID 33434264, Free PMC Article
    4. Downregulation of FOXK2 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Liu X, et al. Mol Med Rep, 2018 Nov. PMID 30221666, Free PMC Article
    5. FOXK2 affects cancer cell response to chemotherapy by promoting nucleotide de novo synthesis. Li Y, et al. Drug Resist Updat, 2023 Mar. PMID 36682222

    See all (109) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. FOXK2 amplification promotes breast cancer development and chemoresistance.
      Title: FOXK2 amplification promotes breast cancer development and chemoresistance.
    2. FOXK2 targeting by the SCF-E3 ligase subunit FBXO24 for ubiquitin mediated degradation modulates mitochondrial respiration.
      Title: FOXK2 targeting by the SCF-E3 ligase subunit FBXO24 for ubiquitin mediated degradation modulates mitochondrial respiration.
    3. FOXK2 regulates PFKFB3 in promoting glycolysis and tumorigenesis in multiple myeloma.
      Title: FOXK2 regulates PFKFB3 in promoting glycolysis and tumorigenesis in multiple myeloma.
    4. CircFOXK2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and leads to a poor clinical prognosis via regulating the Warburg effect.
      Title: CircFOXK2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and leads to a poor clinical prognosis via regulating the Warburg effect.
    5. FOXK2 affects cancer cell response to chemotherapy by promoting nucleotide de novo synthesis.
      Title: FOXK2 affects cancer cell response to chemotherapy by promoting nucleotide de novo synthesis.
    6. FOXK2 promotes ovarian cancer stemness by regulating the unfolded protein response pathway.
      Title: FOXK2 promotes ovarian cancer stemness by regulating the unfolded protein response pathway.
    7. Long non-coding RNA tumor protein 53 target gene 1 promotes cervical cancer development via regulating microRNA-33a-5p to target forkhead box K2.
      Title: Long non-coding RNA tumor protein 53 target gene 1 promotes cervical cancer development via regulating microRNA-33a-5p to target forkhead box K2.
    8. Tumor-derived neomorphic mutations in ASXL1 impairs the BAP1-ASXL1-FOXK1/K2 transcription network.
      Title: Tumor-derived neomorphic mutations in ASXL1 impairs the BAP1-ASXL1-FOXK1/K2 transcription network.
    9. FOXK2 transcriptionally activating VEGFA induces apatinib resistance in anaplastic thyroid cancer through VEGFA/VEGFR1 pathway.
      Title: FOXK2 transcriptionally activating VEGFA induces apatinib resistance in anaplastic thyroid cancer through VEGFA/VEGFR1 pathway.
    10. CircRNA circFOXK2 facilitates oncogenesis in breast cancer via IGF2BP3/miR-370 axis.
      Title: CircRNA circFOXK2 facilitates oncogenesis in breast cancer via IGF2BP3/miR-370 axis.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (29)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables magnesium ion binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of canonical glycolysis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in intracellular glucose homeostasis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of autophagy ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of glucose metabolic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in response to starvation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in chromatin ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
    		  
    located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in mitochondrion IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    forkhead box protein K2
    Names
    FOXK1
    G/T-mismatch specific binding protein
    cellular transcription factor ILF-1
    interleukin enhancer-binding factor 1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_004514.4 → NP_004505.2  forkhead box protein K2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004505.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC124283, AC124287, U58196
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS11813.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A6NEP5, Q01167, Q13622, Q13623, Q13624
      Related
      ENSP00000335677.5, ENST00000335255.10
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      COG5025
      Location:180 → 577
      COG5025; Transcription factor of the Forkhead/HNF3 family [Transcription]
      cd00060
      Location:47 → 154
      FHA; Forkhead associated domain (FHA); found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic proteins. Putative nuclear signalling domain. FHA domains may bind phosphothreonine, phosphoserine and sometimes phosphotyrosine. In eukaryotes, many FHA domain-containing proteins ...
      pfam00250
      Location:257 → 343
      Forkhead; Forkhead domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000017.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      82519732..82604602
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047435919.1 → XP_047291875.1  forkhead box protein K2 isoform X1

      Related
      ENSP00000436108.2, ENST00000473637.6

    2. XM_047435920.1 → XP_047291876.1  forkhead box protein K2 isoform X2

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060941.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      83388689..83478590
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054315955.1 → XP_054171930.1  forkhead box protein K2 isoform X1

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_181430.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_181430.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.

    2. NM_181431.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_181431.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is insufficient support for the transcript and the protein.
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q01167.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q01167

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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