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    ERG ETS transcription factor ERG [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 2078, updated on 27-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    ERGprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    ETS transcription factor ERGprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:3446
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000157554 MIM:165080; AllianceGenome:HGNC:3446
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    p55; erg-3; LMPHM14
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS) family of transcriptions factors. All members of this family are key regulators of embryonic development, cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and apoptosis. The protein encoded by this gene is mainly expressed in the nucleus. It contains an ETS DNA-binding domain and a PNT (pointed) domain which is implicated in the self-association of chimeric oncoproteins. This protein is required for platelet adhesion to the subendothelium, inducing vascular cell remodeling. It also regulates hematopoesis, and the differentiation and maturation of megakaryocytic cells. This gene is involved in chromosomal translocations, resulting in different fusion gene products, such as TMPSSR2-ERG and NDRG1-ERG in prostate cancer, EWS-ERG in Ewing's sarcoma and FUS-ERG in acute myeloid leukemia. More than two dozens of transcript variants generated from combinatorial usage of three alternative promoters and multiple alternative splicing events have been reported, but the full-length nature of many of these variants has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]
    Expression
    Broad expression in fat (RPKM 7.8), spleen (RPKM 6.9) and 23 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See ERG in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    21q22.2
    Exon count:
    17
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 21 NC_000021.9 (38367261..38661783, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 21 NC_060945.1 (36750675..37045540, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 21 NC_000021.8 (39739183..40033707, complement)

    Chromosome 21 - NC_000021.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr21:39704626-39705825 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_62068 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1423 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107985513 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr21:39810939-39811438 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr21:39820334-39821010 Neighboring gene ERG, ETS transcription factor breakpoint cluster recombination region Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 14119 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105372802 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr21:39879001-39879501 Neighboring gene small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G pseudogene 13 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr21:40051342-40052541 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr21:40055463-40056662 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 114 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 18458 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107985480 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr21:40159061-40160260

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Prostate cancer with different ERG status may show different FOXP3-positive cell numbers. Kaczmarczyk-Sekuła K, et al. Pol J Pathol, 2016. PMID 28547958
    2. Investigation of ERG Gene Expression in Iranian Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Yazdanpanahi N, et al. Immunol Invest, 2018 May. PMID 29488813
    3. ERG rearrangement in local recurrences compared to distant metastases of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Scheble VJ, et al. Virchows Arch, 2012 Aug. PMID 22767266
    4. Marked heterogeneity of ERG expression in large primary prostate cancers. Minner S, et al. Mod Pathol, 2013 Jan. PMID 22899295
    5. Phosphorylation of the oncogenic transcription factor ERG in prostate cells dissociates polycomb repressive complex 2, allowing target gene activation. Kedage V, et al. J Biol Chem, 2017 Oct 20. PMID 28887309, Free PMC Article

    See all (490) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. ERG Regulates Lymphatic Vessel Specification Genes and Its Deficiency Impairs Wound Healing-Associated Lymphangiogenesis.
      Title: ERG Regulates Lymphatic Vessel Specification Genes and Its Deficiency Impairs Wound Healing-Associated Lymphangiogenesis.
    2. An intricate regulatory circuit between FLI1 and GATA1/GATA2/LDB1/ERG dictates erythroid vs. megakaryocytic differentiation.
      Title: An intricate regulatory circuit between FLI1 and GATA1/GATA2/LDB1/ERG dictates erythroid vs. megakaryocytic differentiation.
    3. NKX2-1-AS1 promotes the lymphangiogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma through regulation of ERG-mediated FABP4.
      Title: NKX2-1-AS1 promotes the lymphangiogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma through regulation of ERG-mediated FABP4.
    4. ERG and c-MYC regulate a critical gene network in BCR::ABL1-driven B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
      Title: ERG and c-MYC regulate a critical gene network in BCR::ABL1-driven B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
    5. ERG mediates the inhibition of NK cell cytotoxicity through the HLX/STAT4/Perforin signaling pathway, thereby promoting the progression of myocardial infarction.
      Title: ERG mediates the inhibition of NK cell cytotoxicity through the HLX/STAT4/Perforin signaling pathway, thereby promoting the progression of myocardial infarction.
    6. A complex with poly(A)-binding protein and EWS facilitates the transcriptional function of oncogenic ETS transcription factors in prostate cells.
      Title: A complex with poly(A)-binding protein and EWS facilitates the transcriptional function of oncogenic ETS transcription factors in prostate cells.
    7. Intercellular adhesion molecule 2 as a novel prospective tumor suppressor induced by ERG promotes ubiquitination-mediated radixin degradation to inhibit gastric cancer tumorigenicity and metastasis.
      Title: Intercellular adhesion molecule 2 as a novel prospective tumor suppressor induced by ERG promotes ubiquitination-mediated radixin degradation to inhibit gastric cancer tumorigenicity and metastasis.
    8. Cytokine-Mediated Degradation of the Transcription Factor ERG Impacts the Pulmonary Vascular Response to Systemic Inflammatory Challenge.
      Title: Cytokine-Mediated Degradation of the Transcription Factor ERG Impacts the Pulmonary Vascular Response to Systemic Inflammatory Challenge.
    9. Gain-of-function mutant p53 together with ERG proto-oncogene drive prostate cancer by beta-catenin activation and pyrimidine synthesis.
      Title: Gain-of-function mutant p53 together with ERG proto-oncogene drive prostate cancer by beta-catenin activation and pyrimidine synthesis.
    10. ERG Status at the Margin Is Associated With Biochemical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy With Positive Surgical Margins.
      Title: ERG Status at the Margin Is Associated With Biochemical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy With Positive Surgical Margins.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (438)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Associated conditions

    Description Tests
    Lymphatic malformation 14
    MedGen: C5882718 OMIM: 620602 GeneReviews: Not available
    		not available

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genome-wide association study of monoamine metabolite levels in human cerebrospinal fluid.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Identification of candidate loci at 6p21 and 21q22 in a genome-wide association study of cardiac manifestations of neonatal lupus.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Identification of nine novel loci associated with white blood cell subtypes in a Japanese population.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Results of a "GWAS Plus:" General Cognitive Ability Is Substantially Heritable and Massively Polygenic.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
    		  
    enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables chromatin binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in cell differentiation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein phosphorylation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in signal transduction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in chromatin ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of ribonucleoprotein complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    transcriptional regulator ERG
    Names
    ERG, ETS transcription factor
    FUS/ERG fusion protein
    TMPRSS2/ERG fusion
    ets-related
    transcriptional regulator ERG (transforming protein ERG)
    v-ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog
    v-ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene related
    v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog
    v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene like

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_029732.2 RefSeqGene

      Range
      168306..286747
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001136154.1 → NP_001129626.1  transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001129626.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) and variant 5 encode the longest protein (isoform 3).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK297807, AP001422, AP001423, AY204741, BF431907
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46648.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DN83
      Related
      ENSP00000414150.2, ENST00000417133.6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08540
      Location:134 → 208
      SAM_PNT-ERG; Sterile alpha motif (SAM)/Pointed domain of ERG transcription factor
      smart00413
      Location:317 → 400
      ETS; erythroblast transformation specific domain

    2. NM_001136155.1 → NP_001129627.1  transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 4

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001129627.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) contains a different segment for its 5' UTR and lacks an internal coding segment which results in the use of a downstream start codon, compared to variant 3. The resulting protein (isoform 4) has a shorter N-terminus when it is compared to isoform 3.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK303518, AP001422, AP001423, BF431907, DA850637, DC394344
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46649.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0C4DG41, B4DVX5
      Related
      ENSP00000396268.2, ENST00000453032.6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08540
      Location:35 → 109
      SAM_PNT-ERG; Sterile alpha motif (SAM)/Pointed domain of ERG transcription factor
      smart00413
      Location:218 → 301
      ETS; erythroblast transformation specific domain

    3. NM_001243428.1 → NP_001230357.1  transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230357.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 3. Variants 3 and 5 encode the same protein (isoform 3).
      Source sequence(s)
      AA706319, AK301277, AK309469, AP001422, AP001423, BC040168
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46648.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DN83
      Related
      ENSP00000381891.2, ENST00000398919.6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08540
      Location:134 → 208
      SAM_PNT-ERG; Sterile alpha motif (SAM)/Pointed domain of ERG transcription factor
      smart00413
      Location:317 → 400
      ETS; erythroblast transformation specific domain

    4. NM_001243429.1 → NP_001230358.1  transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 5

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230358.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (6) lacks two internal coding exons, compared to variant 3. The resulting protein (isoform 5) is shorter at the N-terminus and lacks an internal segment when it is compared to isoform 3.
      Source sequence(s)
      AA706319, AH001456, AP001422, AP001423, R82102
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS58789.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DVX5
      Related
      ENSP00000381871.1, ENST00000398897.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08540
      Location:35 → 109
      SAM_PNT-ERG; Sterile alpha motif (SAM)/Pointed domain of ERG transcription factor
      smart00413
      Location:194 → 277
      ETS; erythroblast transformation specific domain

    5. NM_001243432.2 → NP_001230361.1  transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 6

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230361.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (7) differs in the 3' exon, compared to variant 3. The resulting protein (isoform 6) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, when it is compared to isoform 3.
      Source sequence(s)
      AY204741, DC356222
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P11308
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd08540
      Location:134 → 208
      SAM_PNT-ERG; Sterile alpha motif (SAM)/Pointed domain of ERG transcription factor

    6. NM_001291391.1 → NP_001278320.1  transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 7

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001278320.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (8) ) lacks several exons and its transcription extends past a splice site that is used in variant 3, resulting in a novel 3' coding region and 3' UTR compared to variant 3. The resulting protein (isoform 7) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 3.
      Source sequence(s)
      AY204742, DC356222
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P11308
      Related
      ENST00000468474.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd08540
      Location:134 → 208
      SAM_PNT-ERG; Sterile alpha motif (SAM)/Pointed domain of ERG transcription factor

    7. NM_001331025.2 → NP_001317954.1  transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 8

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AA706319, AP001037, AP001422, AP001423, AP001426
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS82674.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8MX39, B5MDW0
      Related
      ENSP00000381877.1, ENST00000398905.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08540
      Location:127 → 201
      SAM_PNT-ERG; Sterile alpha motif (SAM)/Pointed domain of ERG transcription factor
      smart00413
      Location:286 → 369
      ETS; erythroblast transformation specific domain

    8. NM_004449.4 → NP_004440.1  transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004440.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an in-frame exon compared to variant 3. The resulting protein (isoform 2) is shorter when it is compared to isoform 3.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK297807, AP001422, AP001423, AY204741, BF431907
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS13657.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8MZ24
      Related
      ENSP00000394694.1, ENST00000442448.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08540
      Location:134 → 208
      SAM_PNT-ERG; Sterile alpha motif (SAM)/Pointed domain of ERG transcription factor
      smart00413
      Location:293 → 376
      ETS; erythroblast transformation specific domain

    9. NM_182918.4 → NP_891548.1  transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_891548.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) contains a different segment for its 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 3. The resulting protein (isoform 1) has a shorter and distinct N-terminus when it is compared to isoform 3.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK300395, AP001422, AP001423, BC040168, BF431907, DA850637
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS13658.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DTW5, B4E0T4, P11308, Q16113, Q6XXX4, Q6XXX5, Q8IXK9
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DN83
      Related
      ENSP00000288319.7, ENST00000288319.12
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08540
      Location:127 → 201
      SAM_PNT-ERG; Sterile alpha motif (SAM)/Pointed domain of ERG transcription factor
      smart00413
      Location:310 → 393
      ETS; erythroblast transformation specific domain

    RNA

    1. NR_111949.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (9, also known as ERG6) lacks multiple exons and has an alternate 3' exon structure, compared to variant 3. This variant is represented as non-coding because the predicted protein does not meet RefSeq quality criteria.
      Source sequence(s)
      AP001038, AP001426, AY204740, DC356222
      Related
      ENST00000485493.1

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000021.9 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      38367261..38661783 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060945.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      36750675..37045540 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_001243433.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_001243433.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is now thought that this gene does not encode a protein.
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P11308.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P11308

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