VSX2 visual system homeobox 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: VSX2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: visual system homeobox 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:1975
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000119614 MIM:142993; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1975
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: RET1; CHX10; HOX10; MCOP2; MCOPCB3
Summary: This gene encodes a homeobox protein originally described as a retina-specific transcription factor. Mutations in this gene are associated with microphthalmia, cataracts and iris abnormalities. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]
Expression: Low expression observed in reference dataset See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 14q24.3

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	14	NC_000014.9 (74239449..74262738)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	14	NC_060938.1 (68447256..68470582)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	14	NC_000014.8 (74706152..74729441)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Evolutionary conservation of VSX2 super-enhancer modules in retinal development.
Title: Evolutionary conservation of VSX2 super-enhancer modules in retinal development.
Association of Missense Variants in VSX2 With a Peculiar Form of Congenital Stationary Night Blindness Affecting All Bipolar Cells.
Title: Association of Missense Variants in VSX2 With a Peculiar Form of Congenital Stationary Night Blindness Affecting All Bipolar Cells.
Functional analysis of the Vsx2 super-enhancer uncovers distinct cis-regulatory circuits controlling Vsx2 expression during retinogenesis.
Title: Functional analysis of the Vsx2 super-enhancer uncovers distinct cis-regulatory circuits controlling Vsx2 expression during retinogenesis.
These findings expand the clinical and molecular spectrum of RET variants in Hirschsprung disease and reveal a high frequency of RET DNVs in the Chinese population.
Title: Sequence characterization of RET in 117 Chinese Hirschsprung disease families identifies a large burden of de novo and parental mosaic mutations.
In conclusion, targeted sequencing for SOX2 and VSX2 identified the etiology in two patients (7.4%) and this is the first report of SOX2 mutation from Egypt.
Title: Genetic analysis of SOX2 and VSX2 genes in 27 Egyptian families with anophthalmia and microphthalmia.
Regulation of WNT signaling by VSX2 during optic vesicle patterning in human induced pluripotent stem cells has been described.
Title: Regulation of WNT Signaling by VSX2 During Optic Vesicle Patterning in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.
marker for neurogenic potential in cultured retinal progenitor cells
Title: VSX2 and ASCL1 Are Indicators of Neurogenic Competence in Human Retinal Progenitor Cultures.
The phenotype of this girl is unique and suggests a normal regulatory role for VSX2 in iris, zonule, and cone-rod development.
Title: Lens subluxation and retinal dysfunction in a girl with homozygous VSX2 mutation.
The role of visual system homeobox 2 (VSX2), using human induced pluripotent stem cells derived from a patient with microphthalmia caused by an R200Q mutation in the VSX2 homeodomain region, is reported.
Title: Modeling human retinal development with patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells reveals multiple roles for visual system homeobox 2.
Mutations in VSX2 represent an important cause of autosomal recessive microphthalmia in consanguineous pedigrees.
Title: VSX2 mutations in autosomal recessive microphthalmia.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (21)

Phenotypes

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Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Isolated microphthalmia 2 MedGen: C1864720 OMIM: 610093 GeneReviews: Not available	not available
Microphthalmia, isolated, with coloboma 3 MedGen: C1864721 OMIM: 610092 GeneReviews: Not available	not available

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

D14S1175 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:154634

D14S1271 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:154635

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:483569

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	ISA Inferred from Sequence Alignment more info
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in visual perception	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in chromatin	ISA Inferred from Sequence Alignment more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: visual system homeobox 2

Names: ceh-10 homeo domain containing homolog; ceh-10 homeodomain-containing homolog; homeobox protein CHX10

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.