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    Ctss cathepsin S [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 13040, updated on 27-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Ctssprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    cathepsin Sprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:107341
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000038642 AllianceGenome:MGI:107341
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Cats
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the peptidase C1 (papain) family of cysteine proteases. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, which encode preproproteins that are proteolytically processed to generate mature protein products. This enzyme is secreted by antigen-presenting cells during inflammation and may induce pain and itch via activation of G-protein coupled receptors. Homozygous knockout mice for this gene exhibit impaired wound healing, reduced tumorigenesis in a pancreatic cancer model, and reduced pathogenesis in a myasthenia gravis model. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]
    Expression
    Broad expression in spleen adult (RPKM 32.7), large intestine adult (RPKM 28.4) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Ctss in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    3 F2.1; 3 40.74 cM
    Exon count:
    9
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 3 NC_000069.7 (95434097..95463716)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 3 NC_000069.6 (95526786..95556405)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_000069.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_08385 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr3:95315769-95315952 Neighboring gene cathepsin K Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E7927 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 40096 Neighboring gene high mobility group box 1, pseudogene 5 Neighboring gene HORMA domain containing 1 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr3:95392515-95392816 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 40097 Neighboring gene golgi phosphoprotein 3-like

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Cathepsin S deficiency results in abnormal accumulation of autophagosomes in macrophages and enhances Ang II-induced cardiac inflammation. Pan L, et al. PLoS One, 2012. PMID 22558139, Free PMC Article
    2. Cathepsin S-Mediated Negative Regulation of Wnt5a/SC35 Activation Contributes to Ischemia-Induced Neovascularization in Aged Mice. Xu W, et al. Circ J, 2019 Nov 25. PMID 31645525
    3. Cathepsin S Deficiency Mitigated Chronic Stress-Related Neointimal Hyperplasia in Mice. Wang H, et al. J Am Heart Assoc, 2019 Jul 16. PMID 31296090, Free PMC Article
    4. Cathepsin S regulates renal fibrosis in mouse models of mild and severe hydronephrosis. Yao X, et al. Mol Med Rep, 2019 Jul. PMID 31115520, Free PMC Article
    5. Longitudinal analysis of tear cathepsin S activity levels in male non-obese diabetic mice suggests its potential as an early stage biomarker of Sjögren's Syndrome. Janga SR, et al. Biomarkers, 2019 Feb. PMID 30126300, Free PMC Article

    See all (145) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Inhibition of Cathepsin S in Autoimmune CD25KO Mouse Improves Sjogren Disease-Like Lacrimal Gland Pathology.
      Title: Inhibition of Cathepsin S in Autoimmune CD25KO Mouse Improves Sjögren Disease-Like Lacrimal Gland Pathology.
    2. Noise exposure increase apoptosis in the hippocampus of AD mice through the upregulation of CTSS.
      Title: Noise exposure increase apoptosis in the hippocampus of AD mice through the upregulation of CTSS.
    3. Macrophage-Derived Cathepsin S Remodels the Extracellular Matrix to Promote Liver Fibrogenesis.
      Title: Macrophage-Derived Cathepsin S Remodels the Extracellular Matrix to Promote Liver Fibrogenesis.
    4. Cathepsin S activity controls chronic stress-induced muscle atrophy and dysfunction in mice.
      Title: Cathepsin S activity controls chronic stress-induced muscle atrophy and dysfunction in mice.
    5. Effects of Cathepsin S Inhibition in the Age-Related Dry Eye Phenotype.
      Title: Effects of Cathepsin S Inhibition in the Age-Related Dry Eye Phenotype.
    6. Cathepsin S deficiency improves muscle mass loss and dysfunction via the modulation of protein metabolism in mice under pathological stress conditions.
      Title: Cathepsin S deficiency improves muscle mass loss and dysfunction via the modulation of protein metabolism in mice under pathological stress conditions.
    7. Single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood reveals that monocytes with high cathepsin S expression aggravate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
      Title: Single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood reveals that monocytes with high cathepsin S expression aggravate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
    8. Inhibition of cathepsin S attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis.
      Title: Inhibition of cathepsin S attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis.
    9. Rab27a Contributes to Cathepsin S Secretion in Lacrimal Gland Acinar Cells.
      Title: Rab27a Contributes to Cathepsin S Secretion in Lacrimal Gland Acinar Cells.
    10. Targeting lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin S reveals immunomodulatory therapeutic strategy for oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy.
      Title: Targeting lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin S reveals immunomodulatory therapeutic strategy for oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (65)

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables collagen binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity EXP
    Inferred from Experiment
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables cysteine-type peptidase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables fibronectin binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables laminin binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables peptidase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables proteoglycan binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in basement membrane disassembly IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in basement membrane disassembly ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in bone resorption ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in collagen catabolic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of cation channel activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cation channel activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of inflammatory response IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein processing ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within proteolysis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in proteolysis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in response to acidic pH ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cell surface ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in early endosome lumen TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in extracellular space IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular space ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular space ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in late endosome ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in lysosome IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in lysosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in lysosome ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in phagocytic vesicle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in phagocytic vesicle ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    cathepsin S
    Names
    Cat S
    NP_001254624.2
    NP_067256.4
    XP_006501038.2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001267695.2 → NP_001254624.2  cathepsin S isoform 1 preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC092203, AK028366, AK150274, BB072817
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS71291.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F6WR04, Q3UD32
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000015667.4, ENSMUST00000015667.9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00848
      Location:37 → 96
      Inhibitor_I29; Cathepsin propeptide inhibitor domain (I29)
      pfam00112
      Location:124 → 339
      Peptidase_C1; Papain family cysteine protease

    2. NM_021281.3 → NP_067256.4  cathepsin S isoform 2 preproprotein

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_067256.4

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in an isoform (2) that is 1 aa shorter than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK028366, BB072817
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS50992.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      E9QK18, O54973, O70370
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q8BSZ5, Q99M14
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000112006.3, ENSMUST00000116304.3
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00848
      Location:36 → 95
      Inhibitor_I29; Cathepsin propeptide inhibitor domain (I29)
      pfam00112
      Location:123 → 338
      Peptidase_C1; Papain family cysteine protease

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000069.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      95434097..95463716
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006500975.4 → XP_006501038.2  cathepsin S isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3U5K1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam00112
      Location:42 → 257
      Peptidase_C1; Papain family cysteine protease
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    O70370.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O70370

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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