| Our study uncovers a damaging effect of complement C3 or downstream complement activation in glaucoma, and it establishes AAV2.CR2-Crry as a viable therapeutic strategy to target pathogenic C3-mediated complement activation in the glaucomatous retina | Complement C3-Targeted Gene Therapy Restricts Onset and Progression of Neurodegeneration in Chronic Mouse Glaucoma.
Bosco A, Anderson SR, Breen KT, Romero CO, Steele MR, Chiodo VA, Boye SL, Hauswirth WW, Tomlinson S, Vetter ML., Free PMC Article | 08/17/2019 |
| These results demonstrate that local expression of Cr2 in the central nervous system is part of the axotomy reaction and is suggested to modulate subsequent complement mediated effects. | Complement receptor 2 is up regulated in the spinal cord following nerve root injury and modulates the spinal cord response.
Lindblom RP, Berg A, Ström M, Aeinehband S, Dominguez CA, Al Nimer F, Abdelmagid N, Heinig M, Zelano J, Harnesk K, Hübner N, Nilsson B, Ekdahl KN, Diez M, Cullheim S, Piehl F., Free PMC Article | 06/28/2016 |
| Immunization of Cr1KO mice with a T cell-dependent antigen resulted in the normal initial expansion of B cells with a germinal center phenotype however these cells were preferentially lost in the Cr1KO animal over time (days). | Murine complement receptor 1 is required for germinal center B cell maintenance but not initiation.
Donius LR, Weis JJ, Weis JH., Free PMC Article | 01/17/2015 |
| This study demonistrated that receptors for complement C3 fragments (CR2/CR1) may represent a promising future approach for therapeutic immunomodulation after traumatic brain injury. | Deficiency of complement receptors CR2/CR1 in Cr2⁻/⁻ mice reduces the extent of secondary brain damage after closed head injury.
Neher MD, Rich MC, Keene CN, Weckbach S, Bolden AL, Losacco JT, Patane J, Flierl MA, Kulik L, Holers VM, Stahel PF., Free PMC Article | 12/6/2014 |
| Data suggest that the Cr2KO mouse thus provides a new model system for the analysis of Cr1 and Cr2 functions in the immune response of the mouse. | Generation of a novel Cr2 gene allele by homologous recombination that abrogates production of Cr2 but is sufficient for expression of Cr1.
Donius LR, Orlando CM, Weis JJ, Weis JH., Free PMC Article | 07/26/2014 |
| Murine B cells predominantly express the Cr2 product from the Cr2 gene, whereas follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) almost exclusively express the Cr1 isoform generated from the Cr2 gene. | Optimal germinal center B cell activation and T-dependent antibody responses require expression of the mouse complement receptor Cr1.
Donius LR, Handy JM, Weis JJ, Weis JH., Free PMC Article | 09/21/2013 |
| Malaria inhibits surface expression of complement receptor 1 in monocytes/macrophages, causing decreased immune complex internalization | Malaria inhibits surface expression of complement receptor 1 in monocytes/macrophages, causing decreased immune complex internalization.
Fernandez-Arias C, Lopez JP, Hernandez-Perez JN, Bautista-Ojeda MD, Branch O, Rodriguez A., Free PMC Article | 05/25/2013 |
| immune system uses three different CR1/2-mediated effector functions to generate optimal antibody responses | Complement receptors 1 and 2 in murine antibody responses to IgM-complexed and uncomplexed sheep erythrocytes.
Rutemark C, Bergman A, Getahun A, Hallgren J, Henningsson F, Heyman B., Free PMC Article | 01/12/2013 |
| Absence of CD21/35 protects mice from chronic wasting disease. | Genetic depletion of complement receptors CD21/35 prevents terminal prion disease in a mouse model of chronic wasting disease.
Michel B, Ferguson A, Johnson T, Bender H, Meyerett-Reid C, Pulford B, von Teichman A, Seelig D, Weis JH, Telling GC, Aguzzi A, Zabel MD., Free PMC Article | 01/12/2013 |
| We conclude that Cr2 regulates hippocampal neurogenesis | Complement receptor 2 is expressed in neural progenitor cells and regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
Moriyama M, Fukuhara T, Britschgi M, He Y, Narasimhan R, Villeda S, Molina H, Huber BT, Holers M, Wyss-Coray T., Free PMC Article | 06/18/2011 |
| There is a significant reduction in the numbers of both neutrophils and macrophages in cardiac isografts isolated from mice treated with either complement receptor 2-Crry or CR2-factor H. | Targeted complement inhibitors protect against posttransplant cardiac ischemia and reperfusion injury and reveal an important role for the alternative pathway of complement activation.
Atkinson C, He S, Morris K, Qiao F, Casey S, Goddard M, Tomlinson S. | 01/15/2011 |
| Differential expression of CD21 identifies developmentally and functionally distinct subsets of human transitional B cells. | Differential expression of CD21 identifies developmentally and functionally distinct subsets of human transitional B cells.
Suryani S, Fulcher DA, Santner-Nanan B, Nanan R, Wong M, Shaw PJ, Gibson J, Williams A, Tangye SG. | 03/1/2010 |
| BaffrDelta168-175 deletion mutant lacking the retrotransposon-displaced residues, and a BaffrT170A mutant lacking a critical threonine, supported B cell survival but failed to support optimal CD21/35 expression. | Murine BAFF-receptor residues 168-175 are essential for optimal CD21/35 expression but dispensable for B cell survival.
Mayne CG, Amanna IJ, Hayes CE., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| The intronic control region of the Cr2 gene, does not influence the expression of the Cr2 gene in vivo. | Deletion of putative intronic control sequences does not alter cell or stage specific expression of Cr2.
Roundy KM, Weis JJ, Weis JH., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| Complement receptor 2 with factor H specifically targets and inhibits the alternative pathway of complement in vitro and is effective in collagen antibody-induced arthritis in vivo. | Targeted inhibition of the complement alternative pathway with complement receptor 2 and factor H attenuates collagen antibody-induced arthritis in mice.
Banda NK, Levitt B, Glogowska MJ, Thurman JM, Takahashi K, Stahl GL, Tomlinson S, Arend WP, Holers VM., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| Findings confirm the importance of interaction of CRs CD21 and CD35 and CD19 for coreceptor activity in humoral immunity but identify a role for CRs in B-cell memory independent of CD19. | Uncoupling CD21 and CD19 of the B-cell coreceptor.
Barrington RA, Schneider TJ, Pitcher LA, Mempel TR, Ma M, Barteneva NS, Carroll MC., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| CD21/35 promotes protective humoral immunity to S. pneumoniae and other strong TI-2 Ags through a complement-independent pathway by negatively regulating CD19 expression and PD-1 induction | CD21/35 promotes protective immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae through a complement-independent but CD19-dependent pathway that regulates PD-1 expression.
Haas KM, Poe JC, Tedder TF., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| the impaired Ab response in Cr2(-/-) mice cannot be explained by a lack of appropriate induction of T cell help. | Impaired antibody responses but normal proliferation of specific CD4+ T cells in mice lacking complement receptors 1 and 2.
Carlsson F, Getahun A, Rutemark C, Heyman B. | 01/21/2010 |
| The expression of Pcp4 in naive resting mature B cells is dependent upon tonic stimulation from the CR1/CR2 proteins via a C3 ligand. | CD21 signaling via C3 regulates Purkinje cell protein 4 expression.
Jacobson AC, Weis JJ, Weis JH., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| members of the Staphylococcus aureus extracellular fibrinogen-binding protein family inhibit the interaction of C3d with complement receptor 2 | Cutting edge: members of the Staphylococcus aureus extracellular fibrinogen-binding protein family inhibit the interaction of C3d with complement receptor 2.
Ricklin D, Ricklin-Lichtsteiner SK, Markiewski MM, Geisbrecht BV, Lambris JD., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| REVIEW: comparison of CR2 protein structure, gene structure and function for mouse nad human | Comparative functional evolution of human and mouse CR1 and CR2.
Jacobson AC, Weis JH., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| These data suggest that CR2/CR1 are required to develop robust autoimmunity in the collagen-induced arthritis model and that amplification of arthritis by antibodies to citrullinated antigens depends on factor(s) absent in arthritic Cr2-/- mice. | Complement receptor CR2/CR1 deficiency protects mice from collagen-induced arthritis and associates with reduced autoantibodies to type II collagen and citrullinated antigens.
Kuhn KA, Cozine CL, Tomooka B, Robinson WH, Holers VM. | 01/21/2010 |
| engagement of complement receptor 2 of B cells promotes the survival of both mature and transitional B cells | Novel roles for murine complement receptors type 1 and 2 I. Regulation of B cell survival and proliferation by CR1/2.
Molnár E, Erdei A, Prechl J. | 01/21/2010 |
| CD21-shedding is a mechanism to fine-tune B cell activation. | Modulation of murine complement receptor type 2 (CR2/CD21) ectodomain shedding by its cytoplasmic domain.
Hoefer MM, Aichem A, Knight AM, Illges H. | 01/21/2010 |
| Complement activation also plays a key role in the differential gene expression observed in the CD21/35-deficient mouse as depletion of C3 or inhibition of C3a receptor signaling | Complement receptors 1 and 2 influence the immune environment in a B cell receptor-independent manner.
Jacobson AC, Weis JJ, Weis JH. | 01/21/2010 |