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Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy with wooly hair and keratoderma

Synonyms
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy with woolly hair and keratoderma; Carvajal syndrome; Dilated cardiomyopathy with woolly hair and keratoderma; Epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma woolly hair and dilated cardiomyopathy; Palmoplantar keratoderma with left ventricular cardiomyopathy and woolly hair
Modes of inheritance
Autosomal recessive inheritance (Orphanet)
Autosomal dominant inheritance (Orphanet)

Summary

Dilated cardiomyopathy with woolly hair and keratoderma (DCWHK) is characterized by the presence of woolly or sparse hair from birth. Some patients exhibit fragile skin with blisters/erosions after minor mechanical trauma, with hyperkeratosis and epidermolytic keratoderma developing in early childhood. Cardiomyopathy may become apparent in the first decade of life, and early death due to heart failure has been reported, but patients may remain asymptomatic into the fourth decade of life. Some patients exhibit an arrhythmogenic form of cardiomyopathy, with sudden death in early adulthood (Carvajal-Huerta, 1998; Whittock et al., 2002; Alcalai et al., 2003; Uzumcu et al., 2006). Another syndrome involving cardiomyopathy, woolly hair, and keratoderma (Naxos disease; 601214) is caused by mutation in the plakoglobin gene (JUP; 173325). Also see 610476 for a similar disorder caused by homozygous mutation in the DSC2 gene (125645). Dilated cardiomyopathy with woolly hair, keratoderma, and tooth agenesis (DCWHKTA; 615821) is caused by heterozygous mutation in DSP. An isolated form of striated PPK (PPKS2; 612908) is also caused by heterozygous mutation in DSP. Reviews In a review of cardiocutaneous syndromes and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, Sen-Chowdhry and McKenna (2014) stated that although the cardiac component of Carvajal syndrome was originally considered dilated cardiomyopathy, many of its features resemble those of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (see 607450). In addition, they noted that different disease subtypes have been found to coexist within the same kindred, suggesting a role for modifier genes and/or environmental influences. [from OMIM]

Available tests

72 tests are in the database for this condition.

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Clinical tests (72 available)

Molecular Genetics Tests

Genes See tests for all associated and related genes

  • Also known as: DCWHKTA, DP, DSP
    Summary: desmoplakin

Clinical features

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Imported from Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO)

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