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Synostosis

MedGen UID:: 11689
•Concept ID:: C0039093
•: Congenital Abnormality

Synonym:	Synostoses

Monarch Initiative:	MONDO:0001411

Definition

A disease characterized by abnormal union between adjacent bones or parts of a single bone formed by osseous material, such as ossified connecting cartilage or fibrous tissue. [from MONDO]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVSynostosis

Phenotypic abnormality
- Abnormality of prenatal development or birth
  - Fetal anomaly
    - Congenital Systemic Disorder
      - Congenital anomaly of musculoskeletal system
        Synostosis
        Antley-Bixler Syndrome Phenotype
        Craniosynostosis syndrome
        Acrocephalosyndactyly
        Acrocephalosyndactyly type I
        Carpenter syndrome
        Pfeiffer syndrome
        Saethre-Chotzen syndrome
        Coronal craniosynostosis
        Bicoronal synostosis
        Unicoronal synostosis
        Craniosynostosis 2
        Craniosynostosis 4
        Bilambdoid synostosis
        Unilambdoid synostosis
        Multiple suture craniosynostosis
        Pansynostosis
        Sagittal craniosynostosis
        Squamosal suture synostosis
        TCF12-related craniosynostosis
        TWIST1-related craniosynostosis
        Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome
        Crouzon syndrome
        Crouzon syndrome-acanthosis nigricans syndrome
        Isolated Coronal Synostosis
        Jackson-Weiss syndrome
        Muenke syndrome
        Syndactyly
        Cryptophthalmos syndrome
        Cutaneous syndactyly
        Cutaneous finger syndactyly
        Cutaneous syndactyly of toes
        Finger syndactyly
        Osseous finger syndactyly
        Non-syndromic syndactyly
        Mesoaxial synostotic syndactyly with phalangeal reduction
        Syndactyly type 1
        Syndactyly type 3
        Syndactyly type 4
        Syndactyly type 5
        Syndactyly type 6
        Syndactyly type 8
        Synpolydactyly
        Poland anomaly
        Tarsal synostosis
        Calcaneonavicular fusion
        Coalescence of tarsal bones
        Partial fusion of tarsals
        Talocalcaneal synostosis
        Tarsometatarsal synostosis

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The clinical manifestations, molecular mechanisms and treatment of craniosynostosis.

Stanton E, Urata M, Chen JF, Chai Y
Dis Model Mech 2022 Apr 1;15(4) Epub 2022 Apr 22 doi: 10.1242/dmm.049390. PMID: 35451466 Free PMC Article

Management of isolated ulnar shaft fractures.

Sauder DJ, Athwal GS
Hand Clin 2007 May;23(2):179-84, vi. doi: 10.1016/j.hcl.2007.01.004. PMID: 17548009

Management of acute and chronic biceps tendon rupture.

Aldridge JW, Bruno RJ, Strauch RJ, Rosenwasser MP
Hand Clin 2000 Aug;16(3):497-503. PMID: 10955222

See all (67)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Surgical Treatment of Calcaneonavicular and Talocalcaneal Coalitions.

Moharamzadeh D, De Pellegrin M
Foot Ankle Clin 2021 Dec;26(4):873-901. Epub 2021 Oct 4 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2021.07.011. PMID: 34752242

Evaluation and Management of V pattern Strabismus in Craniosynostosis.

Elhusseiny AM, Huynh EM, Dagi LR
J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil 2020 Jan-Mar;70(1):40-45. Epub 2019 Dec 19 doi: 10.1080/2576117X.2019.1693822. PMID: 31855112

Bilateral capitato-hamato-trapezoidal synostosis.

Mahjoub S, Lahmar AA, Miladi M, Abdelkafi M, Mbarek M
Joint Bone Spine 2018 May;85(3):371. Epub 2017 Jul 13 doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2017.07.001. PMID: 28713069

Adult post-traumatic radioulnar synostosis.

Dohn P, Khiami F, Rolland E, Goubier JN
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2012 Oct;98(6):709-14. Epub 2012 Sep 19 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2012.04.018. PMID: 23000035

Symptomatic talonavicular coalition.

Doyle SM, Kumar SJ
J Pediatr Orthop 1999 Jul-Aug;19(4):508-10. doi: 10.1097/00004694-199907000-00016. PMID: 10413002

See all (1258)

Diagnosis

Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia - Not a single disease.

Germeshausen M, Ballmaier M
Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2021 Jun;34(2):101286. Epub 2021 Jul 14 doi: 10.1016/j.beha.2021.101286. PMID: 34404532

Unicoronal Synostosis.

Weng F, Meara JG, Dagi LR
J Pediatr 2019 Oct;213:243-243.e1. Epub 2019 Jun 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.05.043. PMID: 31255389

Bilateral capitato-hamato-trapezoidal synostosis.

Mahjoub S, Lahmar AA, Miladi M, Abdelkafi M, Mbarek M
Joint Bone Spine 2018 May;85(3):371. Epub 2017 Jul 13 doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2017.07.001. PMID: 28713069

Tarsal Coalitions--Calcaneonavicular Coalitions.

Swensen SJ, Otsuka NY
Foot Ankle Clin 2015 Dec;20(4):669-79. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2015.08.001. PMID: 26589085

Adult post-traumatic radioulnar synostosis.

Dohn P, Khiami F, Rolland E, Goubier JN
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2012 Oct;98(6):709-14. Epub 2012 Sep 19 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2012.04.018. PMID: 23000035

See all (877)

Therapy

Recent advances in trigonocephaly.

Mocquard C, Aillet S, Riffaud L
Neurochirurgie 2019 Nov;65(5):246-251. Epub 2019 Sep 27 doi: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2019.09.014. PMID: 31568780

Debunking a Surgical Myth: Do Not Touch the Temporalis.

Bennett KG, Ettinger RE, Liang F, Beck PCC, Stoldt MK, McNeely MM, Nabi SR, Vercler CJ, Buchman SR
J Craniofac Surg 2019 Mar/Apr;30(2):429-432. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000005106. PMID: 30640849

Endoscopic coalition resection.

Bonasia DE, Phisitkul P, Amendola A
Foot Ankle Clin 2015 Mar;20(1):81-91. Epub 2014 Dec 15 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2014.10.006. PMID: 25726485

Acquired syngnathia.

Choi JY, Min CG, Myoung H, Hwang SJ, Kim MJ, Lee JH
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004 Oct;42(5):448-50. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2004.03.005. PMID: 15336772

Complications of open reduction and internal fixation of ankle fractures.

Leyes M, Torres R, Guillén P
Foot Ankle Clin 2003 Mar;8(1):131-47, ix. doi: 10.1016/s1083-7515(02)00162-6. PMID: 12760580

See all (240)

Prognosis

Bilateral capitato-hamato-trapezoidal synostosis.

Mahjoub S, Lahmar AA, Miladi M, Abdelkafi M, Mbarek M
Joint Bone Spine 2018 May;85(3):371. Epub 2017 Jul 13 doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2017.07.001. PMID: 28713069

Sagittal synostosis.

Jane JA Jr, Lin KY, Jane JA Sr
Neurosurg Focus 2000 Sep 15;9(3):e3. doi: 10.3171/foc.2000.9.3.4. PMID: 16833254

Consensus: trigonocephaly.

Collmann H, Sörensen N, Krauss J
Childs Nerv Syst 1996 Nov;12(11):664-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00366148. PMID: 9118128

Radioulnar synostosis.

Sachar K, Akelman E, Ehrlich MG
Hand Clin 1994 Aug;10(3):399-404. PMID: 7962146

Ulnar dysmelia.

Ogden JA, Watson HK, Bohne W
J Bone Joint Surg Am 1976 Jun;58(4):467-75. PMID: 818089

See all (594)

Clinical prediction guides

Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Craniosynostosis.

Yapijakis C, Pachis N, Sotiriadou T, Vaila C, Michopoulou V, Vassiliou S
In Vivo 2023 Jan-Feb;37(1):36-46. doi: 10.21873/invivo.13052. PMID: 36593018 Free PMC Article

Sagittal synostosis.

Jane JA Jr, Lin KY, Jane JA Sr
Neurosurg Focus 2000 Sep 15;9(3):e3. doi: 10.3171/foc.2000.9.3.4. PMID: 16833254

Ulnar ray deficiency.

Schmidt CC, Neufeld SK
Hand Clin 1998 Feb;14(1):65-76. PMID: 9526157

Consensus: trigonocephaly.

Collmann H, Sörensen N, Krauss J
Childs Nerv Syst 1996 Nov;12(11):664-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00366148. PMID: 9118128

Ulnar dysmelia.

Ogden JA, Watson HK, Bohne W
J Bone Joint Surg Am 1976 Jun;58(4):467-75. PMID: 818089

See all (590)

Recent systematic reviews

Clavicular bone defects managed with free vascularised fibular grafting: evidence to date.

Wakefield SM, Giannoudis VP, Giannoudis PV
Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2023 Dec;33(8):3307-3318. Epub 2023 Jun 8 doi: 10.1007/s00590-023-03598-8. PMID: 37289244 Free PMC Article

Tarsal coalition: Systematic review of arthroscopic management.

Addar A, Marwan Y, Algarni N, Algarni N, Berry GK, Benaroch T
Foot (Edinb) 2021 Dec;49:101864. Epub 2021 Sep 22 doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2021.101864. PMID: 34597922

Nervous system involvement in Pfeiffer syndrome.

Mavridis IN, Rodrigues D
Childs Nerv Syst 2021 Feb;37(2):367-374. Epub 2020 Oct 20 doi: 10.1007/s00381-020-04934-7. PMID: 33083874

Classification and diagnosis of acute isolated syndesmotic injuries: ESSKA-AFAS consensus and guidelines.

van Dijk CN, Longo UG, Loppini M, Florio P, Maltese L, Ciuffreda M, Denaro V
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2016 Apr;24(4):1200-16. Epub 2015 Dec 24 doi: 10.1007/s00167-015-3942-8. PMID: 26704800

Surgical correction for unilateral lambdoid synostosis: a systematic review.

Al-Jabri T, Eccles S
J Craniofac Surg 2014 Jul;25(4):1266-72. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000000961. PMID: 24978452

See all (25)

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Synostosis

Definition

Term Hierarchy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Diagnosis

Therapy

Prognosis

Clinical prediction guides

Recent systematic reviews

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Practice guidelines

Consumer resources

Reviews

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