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Variola minor infection

MedGen UID:
1393
•Concept ID:
C0001906
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Alastrim; Minor, Variola; Minors, Variola; Variola Minor; Variola Minors
SNOMED CT: Alastrim (72294005); Variola minor (72294005); Kaffir pox (72294005); Amaas (72294005)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0004720

Definition

A orthopoxvirus that causes a milder clinical syndrome than smallpox. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVVariola minor infection

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Myocarditis: A Review.
Ammirati E, Moslehi JJ
JAMA 2023 Apr 4;329(13):1098-1113. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.3371. PMID: 37014337
Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention.
Huang Y, Mu L, Wang W
Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022 Nov 2;7(1):373. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-01215-4. PMID: 36319633Free PMC Article
Prevention and Treatment of Monkeypox.
Rizk JG, Lippi G, Henry BM, Forthal DN, Rizk Y
Drugs 2022 Jun;82(9):957-963. Epub 2022 Jun 28 doi: 10.1007/s40265-022-01742-y. PMID: 35763248Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Poxviruses in Children.
Mazur-Melewska K
Adv Exp Med Biol 2024;1451:205-217. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_13. PMID: 38801580
Monkeypox Virus (MPXV) Infection: A Review.
Kumari R, Arya P, Yadav SP, Mishra RC, Yadav JP
Infect Disord Drug Targets 2024;24(4):76-82. doi: 10.2174/0118715265258451231214063506. PMID: 38243966
Monkeypox: A Review.
Singhal T, Kabra SK, Lodha R
Indian J Pediatr 2022 Oct;89(10):955-960. Epub 2022 Aug 10 doi: 10.1007/s12098-022-04348-0. PMID: 35947269Free PMC Article
Smallpox in the Post-Eradication Era.
Meyer H, Ehmann R, Smith GL
Viruses 2020 Jan 24;12(2) doi: 10.3390/v12020138. PMID: 31991671Free PMC Article
Smallpox: the basics.
Slifka MK, Hanifin JM
Dermatol Clin 2004 Jul;22(3):263-74, vi. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2004.03.002. PMID: 15207308

Diagnosis

Poxviruses in Children.
Mazur-Melewska K
Adv Exp Med Biol 2024;1451:205-217. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_13. PMID: 38801580
Monkeypox (mpox) virus: Classification, origin, transmission, genome organization, antiviral drugs, and molecular diagnosis.
Karagoz A, Tombuloglu H, Alsaeed M, Tombuloglu G, AlRubaish AA, Mahmoud A, Smajlović S, Ćordić S, Rabaan AA, Alsuhaimi E
J Infect Public Health 2023 Apr;16(4):531-541. Epub 2023 Feb 9 doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.02.003. PMID: 36801633Free PMC Article
Monkeypox Virus Infections in Humans.
Elsayed S, Bondy L, Hanage WP
Clin Microbiol Rev 2022 Dec 21;35(4):e0009222. Epub 2022 Nov 14 doi: 10.1128/cmr.00092-22. PMID: 36374082Free PMC Article
Smallpox in the Post-Eradication Era.
Meyer H, Ehmann R, Smith GL
Viruses 2020 Jan 24;12(2) doi: 10.3390/v12020138. PMID: 31991671Free PMC Article
Human Monkeypox: Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Prevention.
Petersen E, Kantele A, Koopmans M, Asogun D, Yinka-Ogunleye A, Ihekweazu C, Zumla A
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2019 Dec;33(4):1027-1043. Epub 2019 Apr 11 doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2019.03.001. PMID: 30981594Free PMC Article

Therapy

Comprehensive literature review of monkeypox.
Hatmal MM, Al-Hatamleh MAI, Olaimat AN, Ahmad S, Hasan H, Ahmad Suhaimi NA, Albakri KA, Abedalbaset Alzyoud A, Kadir R, Mohamud R
Emerg Microbes Infect 2022 Dec;11(1):2600-2631. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2132882. PMID: 36263798Free PMC Article
Monkeypox: A Review.
Singhal T, Kabra SK, Lodha R
Indian J Pediatr 2022 Oct;89(10):955-960. Epub 2022 Aug 10 doi: 10.1007/s12098-022-04348-0. PMID: 35947269Free PMC Article
Smallpox.
Breman JG
J Infect Dis 2021 Sep 30;224(12 Suppl 2):S379-S386. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa588. PMID: 34590143Free PMC Article
Smallpox in the Post-Eradication Era.
Meyer H, Ehmann R, Smith GL
Viruses 2020 Jan 24;12(2) doi: 10.3390/v12020138. PMID: 31991671Free PMC Article
Biowarfare and bioterrorism.
Christian MD
Crit Care Clin 2013 Jul;29(3):717-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2013.03.015. PMID: 23830660Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Predicting vaccine effectiveness for mpox.
Berry MT, Khan SR, Schlub TE, Notaras A, Kunasekaran M, Grulich AE, MacIntyre CR, Davenport MP, Khoury DS
Nat Commun 2024 May 8;15(1):3856. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48180-w. PMID: 38719852Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Myocarditis: A Review.
Ammirati E, Moslehi JJ
JAMA 2023 Apr 4;329(13):1098-1113. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.3371. PMID: 37014337
Human monkeypox disease.
Srivastava G, Srivastava G
Clin Dermatol 2022 Sep-Oct;40(5):604-612. Epub 2022 Aug 10 doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2022.08.009. PMID: 35963500Free PMC Article
History through the eyes of a pandemic.
Graversen VK, Hamichi SE, Gold A, Murray TG
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2020 Nov;31(6):538-548. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000711. PMID: 33009087
Cholera.
Lippi D, Gotuzzo E, Caini S
Microbiol Spectr 2016 Aug;4(4) doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.PoH-0012-2015. PMID: 27726771

Clinical prediction guides

Predicting vaccine effectiveness for mpox.
Berry MT, Khan SR, Schlub TE, Notaras A, Kunasekaran M, Grulich AE, MacIntyre CR, Davenport MP, Khoury DS
Nat Commun 2024 May 8;15(1):3856. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48180-w. PMID: 38719852Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Myocarditis: A Review.
Ammirati E, Moslehi JJ
JAMA 2023 Apr 4;329(13):1098-1113. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.3371. PMID: 37014337
Monkeypox (mpox) virus: Classification, origin, transmission, genome organization, antiviral drugs, and molecular diagnosis.
Karagoz A, Tombuloglu H, Alsaeed M, Tombuloglu G, AlRubaish AA, Mahmoud A, Smajlović S, Ćordić S, Rabaan AA, Alsuhaimi E
J Infect Public Health 2023 Apr;16(4):531-541. Epub 2023 Feb 9 doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.02.003. PMID: 36801633Free PMC Article
Monkeypox virus: A review.
Letafati A, Sakhavarz T
Microb Pathog 2023 Mar;176:106027. Epub 2023 Feb 8 doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106027. PMID: 36758824Free PMC Article
The Vaccination Cold War.
Moreno JD, Sándor J, Schmidt U
Hastings Cent Rep 2021 Sep;51(5):12-17. doi: 10.1002/hast.1282. PMID: 34529847Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Predicting vaccine effectiveness for mpox.
Berry MT, Khan SR, Schlub TE, Notaras A, Kunasekaran M, Grulich AE, MacIntyre CR, Davenport MP, Khoury DS
Nat Commun 2024 May 8;15(1):3856. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48180-w. PMID: 38719852Free PMC Article
Paediatric, maternal, and congenital mpox: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Sanchez Clemente N, Coles C, Paixao ES, Brickley EB, Whittaker E, Alfven T, Rulisa S, Agudelo Higuita N, Torpiano P, Agravat P, Thorley EV, Drysdale SB, Le Doare K, Muyembe Tamfum JJ
Lancet Glob Health 2024 Apr;12(4):e572-e588. Epub 2024 Feb 21 doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00607-1. PMID: 38401556Free PMC Article
Mpox vaccination and treatment: a systematic review.
Eslami A, Alimoghadam S, Khoshravesh S, Shirani M, Alimoghadam R, Alavi Darazam I
J Chemother 2024 Apr;36(2):85-109. Epub 2023 Dec 9 doi: 10.1080/1120009X.2023.2289270. PMID: 38069596
The changing epidemiology of human monkeypox-A potential threat? A systematic review.
Bunge EM, Hoet B, Chen L, Lienert F, Weidenthaler H, Baer LR, Steffen R
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022 Feb;16(2):e0010141. Epub 2022 Feb 11 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010141. PMID: 35148313Free PMC Article
A systematic review of the epidemiology of human monkeypox outbreaks and implications for outbreak strategy.
Beer EM, Rao VB
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019 Oct;13(10):e0007791. Epub 2019 Oct 16 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007791. PMID: 31618206Free PMC Article

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