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True distance exotropia

MedGen UID:
1637606
•Concept ID:
C4703501
•
Disease or Syndrome
HPO: HP:0031719

Definition

Exotropia (intermittent or constant) on distance fixation with binocular single vision on near fixation under all testing conditions. The accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC:A) ratio is within normal limits. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVTrue distance exotropia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diagnosis and treatment of exotropia with a high accommodation convergence-accommodation ratio.
Kushner BJ
Arch Ophthalmol 1999 Feb;117(2):221-4. doi: 10.1001/archopht.117.2.221. PMID: 10037567

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Comparison of surgical outcomes of slanted procedure for exotropia with convergence insufficiency according to their response to preoperative monocular occlusion.
Chun BY, Oh JH, Choi HJ
Sci Rep 2020 Apr 29;10(1):7261. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-64251-6. PMID: 32350350Free PMC Article
Combined resection-recession in true divergence excess sensory exotropia.
Bhaskaran K, Shashni AK, Sharma P, Saxena R, Phuljhele S
J AAPOS 2019 Oct;23(5):258.e1-258.e4. Epub 2019 Sep 16 doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2019.06.009. PMID: 31536819
Surgical outcomes of intermittent exotropia according to exotropia type based on distance/near differences.
Bae GH, Bae SH, Choi DG
PLoS One 2019;14(3):e0214478. Epub 2019 Mar 25 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214478. PMID: 30908548Free PMC Article
Resolution of hypertropia with correction of intermittent exotropia.
Struck MC, Daley TJ
Br J Ophthalmol 2013 Oct;97(10):1322-4. Epub 2013 Aug 9 doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303553. PMID: 23934140
Surgical outcomes in convergence insufficiency-type exotropia.
Yang HK, Hwang JM
Ophthalmology 2011 Aug;118(8):1512-7. Epub 2011 Apr 7 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.01.004. PMID: 21474185

Diagnosis

Surgical outcomes in convergence insufficiency-type exotropia.
Yang HK, Hwang JM
Ophthalmology 2011 Aug;118(8):1512-7. Epub 2011 Apr 7 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.01.004. PMID: 21474185
The fixation target influences the near deviation and AC/A ratio in intermittent exotropia.
Le T, Koklanis K, Georgievski Z
J AAPOS 2010 Feb;14(1):25-30. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2009.11.014. PMID: 20227618
The use of binocular visual acuity in the assessment of intermittent exotropia.
Walsh LA, Laroche GR, Tremblay F
J AAPOS 2000 Jun;4(3):154-7. PMID: 10849391
Diagnosis and treatment of exotropia with a high accommodation convergence-accommodation ratio.
Kushner BJ
Arch Ophthalmol 1999 Feb;117(2):221-4. doi: 10.1001/archopht.117.2.221. PMID: 10037567

Prognosis

Resolution of hypertropia with correction of intermittent exotropia.
Struck MC, Daley TJ
Br J Ophthalmol 2013 Oct;97(10):1322-4. Epub 2013 Aug 9 doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303553. PMID: 23934140
Assessing divergence in children with intermittent exotropia.
Liebermann L, Hatt SR, Leske DA, Yamada T, Mohney BG, Brodsky MC, Holmes JM
Strabismus 2012 Mar;20(1):11-6. doi: 10.3109/09273972.2012.655838. PMID: 22390326Free PMC Article
Prism adaptation response is useful for predicting surgical outcome in selected types of intermittent exotropia.
Ohtsuki H, Hasebe S, Kono R, Yamane T, Fujiwara H, Shiraga F
Am J Ophthalmol 2001 Jan;131(1):117-22. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(00)00704-2. PMID: 11162986
The use of binocular visual acuity in the assessment of intermittent exotropia.
Walsh LA, Laroche GR, Tremblay F
J AAPOS 2000 Jun;4(3):154-7. PMID: 10849391
Diagnosis and treatment of exotropia with a high accommodation convergence-accommodation ratio.
Kushner BJ
Arch Ophthalmol 1999 Feb;117(2):221-4. doi: 10.1001/archopht.117.2.221. PMID: 10037567

Clinical prediction guides

Resolution of hypertropia with correction of intermittent exotropia.
Struck MC, Daley TJ
Br J Ophthalmol 2013 Oct;97(10):1322-4. Epub 2013 Aug 9 doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303553. PMID: 23934140
Assessing divergence in children with intermittent exotropia.
Liebermann L, Hatt SR, Leske DA, Yamada T, Mohney BG, Brodsky MC, Holmes JM
Strabismus 2012 Mar;20(1):11-6. doi: 10.3109/09273972.2012.655838. PMID: 22390326Free PMC Article
Prism adaptation response is useful for predicting surgical outcome in selected types of intermittent exotropia.
Ohtsuki H, Hasebe S, Kono R, Yamane T, Fujiwara H, Shiraga F
Am J Ophthalmol 2001 Jan;131(1):117-22. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(00)00704-2. PMID: 11162986
Diagnosis and treatment of exotropia with a high accommodation convergence-accommodation ratio.
Kushner BJ
Arch Ophthalmol 1999 Feb;117(2):221-4. doi: 10.1001/archopht.117.2.221. PMID: 10037567

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