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Orchitis

MedGen UID:
18191
•Concept ID:
C0029191
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Orchitides
SNOMED CT: Inflammation of testis (274718005); Orchitis (274718005); Non-specific orchitis (274718005)
 
HPO: HP:0100796
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006882

Definition

Testicular inflammation. [from HPO]

Conditions with this feature

Familial Mediterranean fever
MedGen UID:
45811
•Concept ID:
C0031069
•
Disease or Syndrome
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is divided into two phenotypes: type 1 and type 2. FMF type 1 is characterized by recurrent short episodes of inflammation and serositis including fever, peritonitis, synovitis, pleuritis, and, rarely, pericarditis and meningitis. The symptoms and severity vary among affected individuals, sometimes even among members of the same family. Amyloidosis, which can lead to renal failure, is the most severe complication, if untreated. FMF type 2 is characterized by amyloidosis as the first clinical manifestation of FMF in an otherwise asymptomatic individual.
See: Condition Record
Familial Mediterranean fever

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Zika virus and reproduction: facts, questions and current management.
Epelboin S, Dulioust E, Epelboin L, Benachi A, Merlet F, Patrat C
Hum Reprod Update 2017 Nov 1;23(6):629-645. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmx024. PMID: 28961800
The 2016 European guideline on the management of epididymo-orchitis.
Street EJ, Justice ED, Kopa Z, Portman MD, Ross JD, Skerlev M, Wilson JD, Patel R
Int J STD AIDS 2017 Jul;28(8):744-749. Epub 2017 Mar 22 doi: 10.1177/0956462417699356. PMID: 28632112
The aetiology and current management of prepubertal epididymitis.
Gkentzis A, Lee L
Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2014 Apr;96(3):181-3. doi: 10.1308/003588414X13814021679311. PMID: 24780779Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Macrophage-Related Testicular Inflammation in Individuals with Idiopathic Non-Obstructive Azoospermia: A Single-Cell Analysis.
Xia P, Ouyang S, Shen R, Guo Z, Zhang G, Liu X, Yang X, Xie K, Wang D
Int J Mol Sci 2023 May 16;24(10) doi: 10.3390/ijms24108819. PMID: 37240164Free PMC Article
Mumps Orchitis: Clinical Aspects and Mechanisms.
Wu H, Wang F, Tang D, Han D
Front Immunol 2021;12:582946. Epub 2021 Mar 18 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.582946. PMID: 33815357Free PMC Article
Candida urinary tract infections in adults.
Odabasi Z, Mert A
World J Urol 2020 Nov;38(11):2699-2707. Epub 2019 Oct 25 doi: 10.1007/s00345-019-02991-5. PMID: 31654220
Pediatric Testicular Torsion.
Bowlin PR, Gatti JM, Murphy JP
Surg Clin North Am 2017 Feb;97(1):161-172. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2016.08.012. PMID: 27894425
Mumps orchitis.
Masarani M, Wazait H, Dinneen M
J R Soc Med 2006 Nov;99(11):573-5. doi: 10.1177/014107680609901116. PMID: 17082302Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Research progress on complications of Brucellosis.
Jin M, Fan Z, Gao R, Li X, Gao Z, Wang Z
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023;13:1136674. Epub 2023 Mar 31 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1136674. PMID: 37065189Free PMC Article
Atypical testicular pain.
Bedi N, Rahimi MNC, Menzies S, Kalsi J
BMJ Case Rep 2019 Feb 19;12(2) doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-226697. PMID: 30787023Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and classification of autoimmune orchitis.
Silva CA, Cocuzza M, Carvalho JF, Bonfá E
Autoimmun Rev 2014 Apr-May;13(4-5):431-4. Epub 2014 Jan 12 doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.024. PMID: 24424181
Idiopathic granulomatous orchitis.
Roy S, Hooda S, Parwani AV
Pathol Res Pract 2011 May 15;207(5):275-8. Epub 2011 Apr 1 doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.02.005. PMID: 21458170
Testicular masses.
Junnila J, Lassen P
Am Fam Physician 1998 Feb 15;57(4):685-92. PMID: 9490992

Therapy

Mumps Orchitis: Clinical Aspects and Mechanisms.
Wu H, Wang F, Tang D, Han D
Front Immunol 2021;12:582946. Epub 2021 Mar 18 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.582946. PMID: 33815357Free PMC Article
Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (IgA Vasculitis): Rapid Evidence Review.
Reamy BV, Servey JT, Williams PM
Am Fam Physician 2020 Aug 15;102(4):229-233. PMID: 32803924
Effect of intensive lifestyle intervention on bodyweight and glycaemia in early type 2 diabetes (DIADEM-I): an open-label, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial.
Taheri S, Zaghloul H, Chagoury O, Elhadad S, Ahmed SH, El Khatib N, Amona RA, El Nahas K, Suleiman N, Alnaama A, Al-Hamaq A, Charlson M, Wells MT, Al-Abdulla S, Abou-Samra AB
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2020 Jun;8(6):477-489. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30117-0. PMID: 32445735
Candida urinary tract infections in adults.
Odabasi Z, Mert A
World J Urol 2020 Nov;38(11):2699-2707. Epub 2019 Oct 25 doi: 10.1007/s00345-019-02991-5. PMID: 31654220
Molecular biology, pathogenesis and pathology of mumps virus.
Rubin S, Eckhaus M, Rennick LJ, Bamford CG, Duprex WP
J Pathol 2015 Jan;235(2):242-52. doi: 10.1002/path.4445. PMID: 25229387Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Research progress on complications of Brucellosis.
Jin M, Fan Z, Gao R, Li X, Gao Z, Wang Z
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023;13:1136674. Epub 2023 Mar 31 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1136674. PMID: 37065189Free PMC Article
Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (IgA Vasculitis): Rapid Evidence Review.
Reamy BV, Servey JT, Williams PM
Am Fam Physician 2020 Aug 15;102(4):229-233. PMID: 32803924
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations of Human Brucellosis in China.
Zheng R, Xie S, Lu X, Sun L, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Wang K
Biomed Res Int 2018;2018:5712920. Epub 2018 Apr 22 doi: 10.1155/2018/5712920. PMID: 29850535Free PMC Article
Molecular biology, pathogenesis and pathology of mumps virus.
Rubin S, Eckhaus M, Rennick LJ, Bamford CG, Duprex WP
J Pathol 2015 Jan;235(2):242-52. doi: 10.1002/path.4445. PMID: 25229387Free PMC Article
Cutting-edge issues in autoimmune orchitis.
Silva CA, Cocuzza M, Borba EF, Bonfá E
Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2012 Apr;42(2):256-63. doi: 10.1007/s12016-011-8281-z. PMID: 21842235

Clinical prediction guides

Macrophage-Related Testicular Inflammation in Individuals with Idiopathic Non-Obstructive Azoospermia: A Single-Cell Analysis.
Xia P, Ouyang S, Shen R, Guo Z, Zhang G, Liu X, Yang X, Xie K, Wang D
Int J Mol Sci 2023 May 16;24(10) doi: 10.3390/ijms24108819. PMID: 37240164Free PMC Article
Evidence of pyroptosis and ferroptosis extensively involved in autoimmune diseases at the single-cell transcriptome level.
Zhang D, Li Y, Du C, Sang L, Liu L, Li Y, Wang F, Fan W, Tang P, Zhang S, Chen D, Wang Y, Wang X, Xie X, Jiang Z, Song Y, Guo R
J Transl Med 2022 Aug 12;20(1):363. doi: 10.1186/s12967-022-03566-6. PMID: 35962439Free PMC Article
Molecular biology, pathogenesis and pathology of mumps virus.
Rubin S, Eckhaus M, Rennick LJ, Bamford CG, Duprex WP
J Pathol 2015 Jan;235(2):242-52. doi: 10.1002/path.4445. PMID: 25229387Free PMC Article
Cutting-edge issues in autoimmune orchitis.
Silva CA, Cocuzza M, Borba EF, Bonfá E
Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2012 Apr;42(2):256-63. doi: 10.1007/s12016-011-8281-z. PMID: 21842235
Testicular autoimmunity.
Jacobo P, Guazzone VA, Theas MS, Lustig L
Autoimmun Rev 2011 Feb;10(4):201-4. Epub 2010 Oct 14 doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2010.09.026. PMID: 20932942

Recent systematic reviews

Impact of Sexual Activity on the Risk of Male Genital Tumors: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
Crocetto F, Arcaniolo D, Napolitano L, Barone B, La Rocca R, Capece M, Caputo VF, Imbimbo C, De Sio M, Calace FP, Manfredi C
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Aug 11;18(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168500. PMID: 34444249Free PMC Article
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations of Human Brucellosis in China.
Zheng R, Xie S, Lu X, Sun L, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Wang K
Biomed Res Int 2018;2018:5712920. Epub 2018 Apr 22 doi: 10.1155/2018/5712920. PMID: 29850535Free PMC Article
Urological complications following inguinal hernioplasty.
Gulino G, Antonucci M, Palermo G, Sasso F, Tienforti D, D'Addessi A, Bassi PF
Arch Ital Urol Androl 2012 Sep;84(3):105-10. PMID: 23210400
Measles, mumps, and rubella: prevention.
Elliman D, Sengupta N, El Bashir H, Bedford H
BMJ Clin Evid 2007 Feb 1;2007 PMID: 19454052
Safety and effectiveness of vasectomy.
Schwingl PJ, Guess HA
Fertil Steril 2000 May;73(5):923-36. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(00)00482-9. PMID: 10785217

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