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Fixed fetal extremities

MedGen UID:
1864319
•Concept ID:
C5937498
•
Finding
HPO: HP:6000770

Definition

A condition in which the limbs of a fetus are immobile or held in a rigid position. The limbs are consistently immobile and rigid. Fixed extremities can be observed during prenatal imaging (e.g., ultrasound). [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVFixed fetal extremities

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Analysis of the sensory innervations of the greater trochanter for improving the treatment of greater trochanteric pain syndrome.
Genth B, Von Düring M, Von Engelhardt LV, Ludwig J, Teske W, Von Schulze-Pellengahr C
Clin Anat 2012 Nov;25(8):1080-6. Epub 2012 Feb 28 doi: 10.1002/ca.22035. PMID: 22374737

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Anatomical variations of the superficial palmar arch in human fetuses.
Solmaz E, Fazliogullari Z, Albay S, Unver Dogan N, Karabulut AK
Anat Sci Int 2023 Jan;98(1):123-135. Epub 2022 Aug 4 doi: 10.1007/s12565-022-00679-2. PMID: 35927551
Branches of ulnar artery in human fetuses: anatomical and morphometric study.
Yildiz S, Kocabiyik N, Elvan O, Yalcin B, Comert A
Surg Radiol Anat 2019 Nov;41(11):1325-1332. Epub 2019 Sep 17 doi: 10.1007/s00276-019-02297-6. PMID: 31531712
Lymph drainage of the upper limb and mammary region to the axilla: anatomical study in stillborns.
Cuadrado GA, de Andrade MFC, Akamatsu FE, Jacomo AL
Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018 Jun;169(2):251-256. Epub 2018 Jan 29 doi: 10.1007/s10549-018-4686-1. PMID: 29380209
Digit ratio (2D:4D) and coronary artery disease in north Chinese women.
Wang L, Huo Z, Lu H, Bai C, Li K, Ma W
Early Hum Dev 2018 Jan;116:64-67. Epub 2017 Nov 25 doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.11.007. PMID: 29179057
2nd to 4th digit ratios, fetal testosterone and estradiol.
Lutchmaya S, Baron-Cohen S, Raggatt P, Knickmeyer R, Manning JT
Early Hum Dev 2004 Apr;77(1-2):23-8. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2003.12.002. PMID: 15113628

Diagnosis

Fetal early motor neuron disruption and prenatal molecular diagnosis in a severe BICD2-opathy.
Marchionni E, Agolini E, Mastromoro G, Guadagnolo D, Coppola G, Roggini M, Riminucci M, Novelli A, Giancotti A, Corsi A, Pizzuti A
Am J Med Genet A 2021 May;185(5):1509-1514. Epub 2021 Feb 5 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62111. PMID: 33547725
Branches of ulnar artery in human fetuses: anatomical and morphometric study.
Yildiz S, Kocabiyik N, Elvan O, Yalcin B, Comert A
Surg Radiol Anat 2019 Nov;41(11):1325-1332. Epub 2019 Sep 17 doi: 10.1007/s00276-019-02297-6. PMID: 31531712
Neonatal hypothermia detection by ThermoSpot in Indian urban slum dwellings.
Green DA, Kumar A, Khanna R
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2006 Mar;91(2):F96-8. Epub 2005 Sep 13 doi: 10.1136/adc.2005.078410. PMID: 16159955Free PMC Article
Three-dimensional sonographic findings in congenital (harlequin) ichthyosis.
Vohra N, Rochelson B, Smith-Levitin M
J Ultrasound Med 2003 Jul;22(7):737-9. doi: 10.7863/jum.2003.22.7.737. PMID: 12862276
A decade of experience with the glutaraldehyde-tanned human umbilical cord vein graft for revascularization of the lower limb.
Dardik H, Miller N, Dardik A, Ibrahim I, Sussman B, Berry SM, Wolodiger F, Kahn M, Dardik I
J Vasc Surg 1988 Feb;7(2):336-46. doi: 10.1067/mva.1988.avs0070336. PMID: 3123718

Therapy

Femoropopliteal prosthetic bypass with glutaraldehyde stabilized human umbilical vein (HUV).
Neufang A, Espinola-Klein C, Dorweiler B, Messow CM, Schmiedt W, Vahl CF
J Vasc Surg 2007 Aug;46(2):280-8. Epub 2007 Jun 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2007.03.054. PMID: 17600663
Early amniocentesis: effect of removing a reduced volume of amniotic fluid on pregnancy outcome.
Tharmaratnam S, Sadek S, Steele EK, Harper MA, Stewart FJ, Nevin J, Nevin NC, Dornan JC
Prenat Diagn 1998 Aug;18(8):773-8. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0223(199808)18:8<773::aid-pd350>3.0.co;2-w. PMID: 9742564
A decade of experience with the glutaraldehyde-tanned human umbilical cord vein graft for revascularization of the lower limb.
Dardik H, Miller N, Dardik A, Ibrahim I, Sussman B, Berry SM, Wolodiger F, Kahn M, Dardik I
J Vasc Surg 1988 Feb;7(2):336-46. doi: 10.1067/mva.1988.avs0070336. PMID: 3123718
The use of modified human umbilical cord vein in femoral popliteal reconstruction.
Ibrahim IM, Dardik II, Turner R, Dardik H
Med Instrum 1977 Jul-Aug;11(4):231-4. PMID: 408594

Prognosis

Anatomical variations of the superficial palmar arch in human fetuses.
Solmaz E, Fazliogullari Z, Albay S, Unver Dogan N, Karabulut AK
Anat Sci Int 2023 Jan;98(1):123-135. Epub 2022 Aug 4 doi: 10.1007/s12565-022-00679-2. PMID: 35927551
Branches of ulnar artery in human fetuses: anatomical and morphometric study.
Yildiz S, Kocabiyik N, Elvan O, Yalcin B, Comert A
Surg Radiol Anat 2019 Nov;41(11):1325-1332. Epub 2019 Sep 17 doi: 10.1007/s00276-019-02297-6. PMID: 31531712
Patterns of motor branching of the musculocutaneous nerve in human fetuses and clinical significance.
Kervancioglu P, Orhan M, Kilinc N
Clin Anat 2011 Mar;24(2):168-78. Epub 2011 Jan 25 doi: 10.1002/ca.21095. PMID: 21268120
First case report of a fetal synovial sarcoma confirmed by molecular detection of SYT-SSX fusion gene transcripts.
Duband S, Morrison AL, Pasquier D, Coindre JM, Pasquier B, Péoc'h M
Am J Perinatol 2008 Sep;25(8):517-20. Epub 2008 Aug 21 doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1085074. PMID: 18720326
A decade of experience with the glutaraldehyde-tanned human umbilical cord vein graft for revascularization of the lower limb.
Dardik H, Miller N, Dardik A, Ibrahim I, Sussman B, Berry SM, Wolodiger F, Kahn M, Dardik I
J Vasc Surg 1988 Feb;7(2):336-46. doi: 10.1067/mva.1988.avs0070336. PMID: 3123718

Clinical prediction guides

Branches of ulnar artery in human fetuses: anatomical and morphometric study.
Yildiz S, Kocabiyik N, Elvan O, Yalcin B, Comert A
Surg Radiol Anat 2019 Nov;41(11):1325-1332. Epub 2019 Sep 17 doi: 10.1007/s00276-019-02297-6. PMID: 31531712
Lymph drainage of the upper limb and mammary region to the axilla: anatomical study in stillborns.
Cuadrado GA, de Andrade MFC, Akamatsu FE, Jacomo AL
Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018 Jun;169(2):251-256. Epub 2018 Jan 29 doi: 10.1007/s10549-018-4686-1. PMID: 29380209
Three-dimensional reconstruction of the lower limb's venous system in human fetuses using the computer-assisted anatomical dissection (CAAD) technique.
Kurobe N, Hakkakian L, Chahim M, Delmas V, Vekemans M, Uhl JF
Surg Radiol Anat 2015 Apr;37(3):231-8. Epub 2014 Jul 22 doi: 10.1007/s00276-014-1350-2. PMID: 25047542
First case report of a fetal synovial sarcoma confirmed by molecular detection of SYT-SSX fusion gene transcripts.
Duband S, Morrison AL, Pasquier D, Coindre JM, Pasquier B, Péoc'h M
Am J Perinatol 2008 Sep;25(8):517-20. Epub 2008 Aug 21 doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1085074. PMID: 18720326
Neonatal hypothermia detection by ThermoSpot in Indian urban slum dwellings.
Green DA, Kumar A, Khanna R
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2006 Mar;91(2):F96-8. Epub 2005 Sep 13 doi: 10.1136/adc.2005.078410. PMID: 16159955Free PMC Article

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