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Protein-energy malnutrition

MedGen UID:
19521
•Concept ID:
C0033677
•
Pathologic Function
Synonyms: Malnutrition, Protein-Calorie; Malnutrition, Protein-Energy; Malnutritions, Protein-Energy; Protein Calorie Malnutrition; Protein Energy Malnutrition; Protein-Calorie Malnutrition; Protein-Energy Malnutrition
SNOMED CT: Protein calorie malnutrition (238107002); Deficiency of macronutrients (238107002); Protein-energy malnutrition (238107002); PCM - Protein-calorie malnutrition (238107002); Protein-calorie undernutrition (238107002); PEM - Protein-energy malnutrition (238107002); Protein-calorie malnutrition (238107002)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0001371

Definition

A nutritional deficit that is caused by inadequate protein or calorie intake. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVProtein-energy malnutrition

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The evaluation and management of macronutrient deficiency dermatoses.
Nosewicz J, Sparks A, Hart PA, Roberts KM, Kaffenberger JA, Korman A, Trinidad JC, Spaccarelli N, Kaffenberger BH
J Am Acad Dermatol 2022 Sep;87(3):640-647. Epub 2022 Apr 12 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.04.007. PMID: 35427683
Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM): Guidance on validation of the operational criteria for the diagnosis of protein-energy malnutrition in adults.
de van der Schueren MAE, Keller H; GLIM Consortium, Cederholm T, Barazzoni R, Compher C, Correia MITD, Gonzalez MC, Jager-Wittenaar H, Pirlich M, Steiber A, Waitzberg D, Jensen GL
Clin Nutr 2020 Sep;39(9):2872-2880. Epub 2020 Jun 11 doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.12.022. PMID: 32563597
Progress in the treatment of protein-energy malnutrition.
Ashworth A
Proc Nutr Soc 1979 May 1;38(1):89-97. doi: 10.1079/pns19790012. PMID: 111260

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The Use of Visceral Proteins as Nutrition Markers: An ASPEN Position Paper.
Evans DC, Corkins MR, Malone A, Miller S, Mogensen KM, Guenter P, Jensen GL; ASPEN Malnutrition Committee
Nutr Clin Pract 2021 Feb;36(1):22-28. Epub 2020 Oct 30 doi: 10.1002/ncp.10588. PMID: 33125793
Malnutrition in the elderly: a narrative review.
Agarwal E, Miller M, Yaxley A, Isenring E
Maturitas 2013 Dec;76(4):296-302. Epub 2013 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.07.013. PMID: 23958435
Prevention and treatment of protein energy wasting in chronic kidney disease patients: a consensus statement by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism.
Ikizler TA, Cano NJ, Franch H, Fouque D, Himmelfarb J, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kuhlmann MK, Stenvinkel P, TerWee P, Teta D, Wang AY, Wanner C; International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism
Kidney Int 2013 Dec;84(6):1096-107. Epub 2013 May 22 doi: 10.1038/ki.2013.147. PMID: 23698226
Laboratory tests and nutritional assessment. Protein-energy status.
Benjamin DR
Pediatr Clin North Am 1989 Feb;36(1):139-61. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36620-2. PMID: 2492376
Progress in the treatment of protein-energy malnutrition.
Ashworth A
Proc Nutr Soc 1979 May 1;38(1):89-97. doi: 10.1079/pns19790012. PMID: 111260

Diagnosis

Nutritional Support for Alcoholic Liver Disease.
Tadokoro T, Morishita A, Himoto T, Masaki T
Nutrients 2023 Mar 10;15(6) doi: 10.3390/nu15061360. PMID: 36986091Free PMC Article
The Use of Visceral Proteins as Nutrition Markers: An ASPEN Position Paper.
Evans DC, Corkins MR, Malone A, Miller S, Mogensen KM, Guenter P, Jensen GL; ASPEN Malnutrition Committee
Nutr Clin Pract 2021 Feb;36(1):22-28. Epub 2020 Oct 30 doi: 10.1002/ncp.10588. PMID: 33125793
Malnutrition in the elderly: a narrative review.
Agarwal E, Miller M, Yaxley A, Isenring E
Maturitas 2013 Dec;76(4):296-302. Epub 2013 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.07.013. PMID: 23958435
Protein energy malnutrition.
Grover Z, Ee LC
Pediatr Clin North Am 2009 Oct;56(5):1055-68. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2009.07.001. PMID: 19931063
Protein-calorie malnutrition.
Williams CD
Lancet 1972 Jun 17;1(7764):1333. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(72)91051-3. PMID: 4113415

Therapy

Protein Nutrition and Malnutrition in CKD and ESRD.
Zha Y, Qian Q
Nutrients 2017 Feb 27;9(3) doi: 10.3390/nu9030208. PMID: 28264439Free PMC Article
Enteral and parenteral nutrition in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chow R, Bruera E, Chiu L, Chow S, Chiu N, Lam H, McDonald R, DeAngelis C, Vuong S, Ganesh V, Chow E
Ann Palliat Med 2016 Jan;5(1):30-41. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2224-5820.2016.01.01. PMID: 26841813
Effects of a vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein nutritional supplement on measures of sarcopenia in older adults, the PROVIDE study: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Bauer JM, Verlaan S, Bautmans I, Brandt K, Donini LM, Maggio M, McMurdo ME, Mets T, Seal C, Wijers SL, Ceda GP, De Vito G, Donders G, Drey M, Greig C, Holmbäck U, Narici M, McPhee J, Poggiogalle E, Power D, Scafoglieri A, Schultz R, Sieber CC, Cederholm T
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015 Sep 1;16(9):740-7. Epub 2015 Jul 10 doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.05.021. PMID: 26170041
Prevention and treatment of protein energy wasting in chronic kidney disease patients: a consensus statement by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism.
Ikizler TA, Cano NJ, Franch H, Fouque D, Himmelfarb J, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kuhlmann MK, Stenvinkel P, TerWee P, Teta D, Wang AY, Wanner C; International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism
Kidney Int 2013 Dec;84(6):1096-107. Epub 2013 May 22 doi: 10.1038/ki.2013.147. PMID: 23698226
Protein energy malnutrition.
Grover Z, Ee LC
Pediatr Clin North Am 2009 Oct;56(5):1055-68. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2009.07.001. PMID: 19931063

Prognosis

Short-term incidence of protein-energy malnutrition is insufficient to evaluate long-term outcomes of hyposorptive bariatric surgery.
Papadia FS, Adami GF, Camerini G
Surg Endosc 2024 Mar;38(3):1117-1118. Epub 2024 Jan 29 doi: 10.1007/s00464-024-10694-1. PMID: 38286836Free PMC Article
Geriatric Anorexia Nervosa.
Zayed M, Garry JP
J Am Board Fam Med 2017 Sep-Oct;30(5):666-669. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2017.05.170182. PMID: 28923819
Early administration of branched-chain amino acid granules.
Ishikawa T
World J Gastroenterol 2012 Sep 7;18(33):4486-90. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i33.4486. PMID: 22969221Free PMC Article
Nutrition and inflammatory bowel disease: its relation to pathophysiology, outcome and therapy.
Gassull MA
Dig Dis 2003;21(3):220-7. doi: 10.1159/000073339. PMID: 14571095
Childhood malnutrition--the global problem.
Waterlow JC
Proc Nutr Soc 1979 May 1;38(1):1-9. doi: 10.1079/pns19790003. PMID: 111250

Clinical prediction guides

The Metabolic Vulnerability Index: A Novel Marker for Mortality Prediction in Heart Failure.
Conners KM, Shearer JJ, Joo J, Park H, Manemann SM, Remaley AT, Otvos JD, Connelly MA, Sampson M, Bielinski SJ, Wolska A, Turecamo S, Roger VL
JACC Heart Fail 2024 Feb;12(2):290-300. Epub 2023 Jul 19 doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.06.013. PMID: 37480881Free PMC Article
Evolving Concepts on Inflammatory Biomarkers and Malnutrition in Chronic Kidney Disease.
Graterol Torres F, Molina M, Soler-Majoral J, Romero-González G, Rodríguez Chitiva N, Troya-Saborido M, Socias Rullan G, Burgos E, Paúl Martínez J, Urrutia Jou M, Cañameras C, Riera Sadurní J, Vila A, Bover J
Nutrients 2022 Oct 14;14(20) doi: 10.3390/nu14204297. PMID: 36296981Free PMC Article
Malnutrition in older adults: screening and determinants.
Corish CA, Bardon LA
Proc Nutr Soc 2019 Aug;78(3):372-379. Epub 2018 Dec 3 doi: 10.1017/S0029665118002628. PMID: 30501651
Effects of a vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein nutritional supplement on measures of sarcopenia in older adults, the PROVIDE study: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Bauer JM, Verlaan S, Bautmans I, Brandt K, Donini LM, Maggio M, McMurdo ME, Mets T, Seal C, Wijers SL, Ceda GP, De Vito G, Donders G, Drey M, Greig C, Holmbäck U, Narici M, McPhee J, Poggiogalle E, Power D, Scafoglieri A, Schultz R, Sieber CC, Cederholm T
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015 Sep 1;16(9):740-7. Epub 2015 Jul 10 doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.05.021. PMID: 26170041
Prealbumin: a marker for nutritional evaluation.
Beck FK, Rosenthal TC
Am Fam Physician 2002 Apr 15;65(8):1575-8. PMID: 11989633

Recent systematic reviews

One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) with a 150-cm Biliopancreatic Limb (BPL) Versus a 200-cm BPL, a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Salman MA, Salman A, Assal MM, Elsherbiney M, Tourky M, Elewa A, Khalaf AM, Gadallah MA, Gebril M, Khalid S, Shaaban H, Mohammed AA, Osman MHA, Hassan H
Obes Surg 2023 Jun;33(6):1846-1856. Epub 2023 Apr 6 doi: 10.1007/s11695-023-06556-9. PMID: 37022609Free PMC Article
Prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition risk in European older adults in community, residential and hospital settings, according to 22 malnutrition screening tools validated for use in adults ≥65 years: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Leij-Halfwerk S, Verwijs MH, van Houdt S, Borkent JW, Guaitoli PR, Pelgrim T, Heymans MW, Power L, Visser M, Corish CA, de van der Schueren MAE; MaNuEL Consortium
Maturitas 2019 Aug;126:80-89. Epub 2019 May 18 doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.05.006. PMID: 31239123
Effectiveness of Intradialytic Parenteral Nutrition in Treating Protein-Energy Wasting in Hemodialysis: A Rapid Systematic Review.
Anderson J, Peterson K, Bourne D, Boundy E
J Ren Nutr 2019 Sep;29(5):361-369. Epub 2019 Jan 25 doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2018.11.009. PMID: 30686749
Enteral and parenteral nutrition in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chow R, Bruera E, Chiu L, Chow S, Chiu N, Lam H, McDonald R, DeAngelis C, Vuong S, Ganesh V, Chow E
Ann Palliat Med 2016 Jan;5(1):30-41. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2224-5820.2016.01.01. PMID: 26841813
Systematic review of evidence for the use of intradialytic parenteral nutrition in malnourished hemodialysis patients.
Sigrist MK, Levin A, Tejani AM
J Ren Nutr 2010 Jan;20(1):1-7. Epub 2009 Sep 27 doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2009.08.003. PMID: 19788956

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