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Tetanus

MedGen UID:
21489
•Concept ID:
C0039614
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Lockjaw
SNOMED CT: Tetanus (76902006); Infection caused by Clostridium tetani (276202003)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005526
Orphanet: ORPHA3299

Definition

A toxin-mediated infection due to the anaerobic bacteria <i>Clostridium tetani</i> and characterized by spasms and contractions of the skeletal muscles, the disease is often lethal. [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVTetanus
Follow this link to review classifications for Tetanus in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

End-Stage Renal Disease: Medical Management.
Wouk N
Am Fam Physician 2021 Nov 1;104(5):493-499. PMID: 34783494
Management and treatment of animal bites.
Hurt JB, Maday KR
JAAPA 2018 Apr;31(4):27-31. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000531049.59137.cd. PMID: 30973531
Tetanus Disease, Treatment, Management.
Rhinesmith E, Fu L
Pediatr Rev 2018 Aug;39(8):430-432. doi: 10.1542/pir.2017-0238. PMID: 30068747

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Adult vaccination against tetanus and diphtheria: the European perspective.
Weinberger B
Clin Exp Immunol 2017 Jan;187(1):93-99. Epub 2016 Jul 12 doi: 10.1111/cei.12822. PMID: 27279025Free PMC Article
Vaccination during pregnancy.
Bozzo P, Narducci A, Einarson A
Can Fam Physician 2011 May;57(5):555-7. PMID: 21571717Free PMC Article
Tetanus.
Poudel P, Budhathoki S, Manandhar S
Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2009 Jul-Sep;7(27):315-22. PMID: 20071883
Postsurgical tetanus.
Dhalla S
Can J Surg 2004 Oct;47(5):375-9. PMID: 15540694Free PMC Article
Tetanus.
Groleau G
Emerg Med Clin North Am 1992 May;10(2):351-60. PMID: 1559474

Diagnosis

Tetanus Disease, Treatment, Management.
Rhinesmith E, Fu L
Pediatr Rev 2018 Aug;39(8):430-432. doi: 10.1542/pir.2017-0238. PMID: 30068747
Tetanus.
Gelbart D
JAAPA 2017 Dec;30(12):46-47. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000526785.27024.bb. PMID: 29210909
Tetanus: a review.
Ataro P, Mushatt D, Ahsan S
South Med J 2011 Aug;104(8):613-7. doi: 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e318224006d. PMID: 21886075
Postsurgical tetanus.
Dhalla S
Can J Surg 2004 Oct;47(5):375-9. PMID: 15540694Free PMC Article
Tetanus.
Groleau G
Emerg Med Clin North Am 1992 May;10(2):351-60. PMID: 1559474

Therapy

DTaP-IPV-HB-Hib vaccine (Hexaxim): an update 10 years after first licensure.
Boisnard F, Manson C, Serradell L, Macina D
Expert Rev Vaccines 2023 Jan-Dec;22(1):1196-1213. Epub 2023 Dec 6 doi: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2280236. PMID: 37936265
Improving vaccination uptake among adolescents.
Abdullahi LH, Kagina BM, Ndze VN, Hussey GD, Wiysonge CS
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Jan 17;1(1):CD011895. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011895.pub2. PMID: 31978259Free PMC Article
Brain immunology and immunotherapy in brain tumours.
Sampson JH, Gunn MD, Fecci PE, Ashley DM
Nat Rev Cancer 2020 Jan;20(1):12-25. Epub 2019 Dec 5 doi: 10.1038/s41568-019-0224-7. PMID: 31806885Free PMC Article
Safety and immunogenicity of tetanus diphtheria and acellular pertussis (Tdap) immunization during pregnancy in mothers and infants: a randomized clinical trial.
Munoz FM, Bond NH, Maccato M, Pinell P, Hammill HA, Swamy GK, Walter EB, Jackson LA, Englund JA, Edwards MS, Healy CM, Petrie CR, Ferreira J, Goll JB, Baker CJ
JAMA 2014 May 7;311(17):1760-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.3633. PMID: 24794369Free PMC Article
Combination vaccines.
Edwards KM, Decker MD
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2001 Mar;15(1):209-30. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70276-2. PMID: 11301816

Prognosis

Vaccinology: time to change the paradigm?
Benn CS, Fisker AB, Rieckmann A, Sørup S, Aaby P
Lancet Infect Dis 2020 Oct;20(10):e274-e283. Epub 2020 Jul 6 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30742-X. PMID: 32645296
Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.
GBD 2016 Neurology Collaborators
Lancet Neurol 2019 May;18(5):459-480. Epub 2019 Mar 14 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30499-X. PMID: 30879893Free PMC Article
Pertussis: History of the Disease and Current Prevention Failure.
Kuchar E, Karlikowska-Skwarnik M, Han S, Nitsch-Osuch A
Adv Exp Med Biol 2016;934:77-82. doi: 10.1007/5584_2016_21. PMID: 27256351
Maternal and neonatal tetanus.
Thwaites CL, Beeching NJ, Newton CR
Lancet 2015 Jan 24;385(9965):362-70. Epub 2014 Aug 19 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60236-1. PMID: 25149223Free PMC Article
Postsurgical tetanus.
Dhalla S
Can J Surg 2004 Oct;47(5):375-9. PMID: 15540694Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Case fatality of adult tetanus in Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Woldeamanuel YW, Andemeskel AT, Kyei K, Woldeamanuel MW, Woldeamanuel W
J Neurol Sci 2016 Sep 15;368:292-9. Epub 2016 Jul 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.07.025. PMID: 27538652
Vaccination during pregnancy.
Bozzo P, Narducci A, Einarson A
Can Fam Physician 2011 May;57(5):555-7. PMID: 21571717Free PMC Article
Postsurgical tetanus.
Dhalla S
Can J Surg 2004 Oct;47(5):375-9. PMID: 15540694Free PMC Article
New trends in the management of tetanus.
Attygalle D, Rodrigo N
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2004 Feb;2(1):73-84. doi: 10.1586/14787210.2.1.73. PMID: 15482173
Autism and Clostridium tetani.
Bolte ER
Med Hypotheses 1998 Aug;51(2):133-44. doi: 10.1016/s0306-9877(98)90107-4. PMID: 9881820

Recent systematic reviews

Burden of Neurological Disorders Across the US From 1990-2017: A Global Burden of Disease Study.
GBD 2017 US Neurological Disorders Collaborators, Feigin VL, Vos T, Alahdab F, Amit AML, Bärnighausen TW, Beghi E, Beheshti M, Chavan PP, Criqui MH, Desai R, Dhamminda Dharmaratne S, Dorsey ER, Wilder Eagan A, Elgendy IY, Filip I, Giampaoli S, Giussani G, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hole MK, Ikeda T, Owens Johnson C, Kalani R, Khatab K, Khubchandani J, Kim D, Koroshetz WJ, Krishnamoorthy V, Krishnamurthi RV, Liu X, Lo WD, Logroscino G, Mensah GA, Miller TR, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morrison SD, Shivamurthy VKN, Naghavi M, Nichols E, Norrving B, Odell CM, Pupillo E, Radfar A, Roth GA, Shafieesabet A, Sheikh A, Sheikhbahaei S, Shin JI, Singh JA, Steiner TJ, Stovner LJ, Wallin MT, Weiss J, Wu C, Zunt JR, Adelson JD, Murray CJL
JAMA Neurol 2021 Feb 1;78(2):165-176. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4152. PMID: 33136137Free PMC Article
An atlas on risk factors for multiple sclerosis: a Mendelian randomization study.
Yuan S, Xiong Y, Larsson SC
J Neurol 2021 Jan;268(1):114-124. Epub 2020 Jul 29 doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10119-8. PMID: 32728946Free PMC Article
Cost-effectiveness of adult vaccinations: A systematic review.
Leidner AJ, Murthy N, Chesson HW, Biggerstaff M, Stoecker C, Harris AM, Acosta A, Dooling K, Bridges CB
Vaccine 2019 Jan 7;37(2):226-234. Epub 2018 Dec 4 doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.11.056. PMID: 30527660Free PMC Article
Strategies for addressing vaccine hesitancy - A systematic review.
Jarrett C, Wilson R, O'Leary M, Eckersberger E, Larson HJ; SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy
Vaccine 2015 Aug 14;33(34):4180-90. Epub 2015 Apr 18 doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.040. PMID: 25896377
Bites (Mammalian).
Looke D, Dendle C
BMJ Clin Evid 2010 Jul 27;2010 PMID: 21418668Free PMC Article

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