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Ranula

MedGen UID:
389212
•Concept ID:
C2242813
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Ranulas
SNOMED CT: Ranula (14919007); Ranula of floor of mouth (14919007); Sublingual cyst (14919007)
 
HPO: HP:0030706

Definition

A ranula is a mucocele that occurs in the floor of the mouth and usually involve the major salivary glands. Specifically, the ranula originates in the body of the sublingual gland, in the ducts of the sublingual gland, in the Wharton's duct of the submandibular gland or infrequently from the minor salivary glands at this location. [from HPO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Management of Mucoceles, Sialoceles, and Ranulas.
Bowers EMR, Schaitkin B
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2021 Jun;54(3):543-551. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2021.03.002. PMID: 34024482
Diagnosis and management of salivary lesions of the neck.
Carlson ER
Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2015 Mar;23(1):49-61. Epub 2015 Jan 9 doi: 10.1016/j.cxom.2014.10.005. PMID: 25707565
Laser for treatment of ranula.
Zola M
J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007 Jun;65(6):1271. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2007.02.006. PMID: 17517323

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Plunging Ranula.
Liman ARUA, Tuang GJ, Mansor M
Ear Nose Throat J 2021 Dec;100(10_suppl):1004S-1005S. Epub 2020 Jun 11 doi: 10.1177/0145561320927828. PMID: 32525702
Sonolocation during submandibular sialolithotomy.
Romero NJ, Fuson A, Kieliszak CR, Joshi AS
Laryngoscope 2019 Dec;129(12):2716-2720. Epub 2019 Feb 23 doi: 10.1002/lary.27816. PMID: 30801712
Patient with synchronous bilateral plunging ranulae.
Yin T, Jain P, Ahmad Z, Morton RP
ANZ J Surg 2019 Nov;89(11):E533-E535. Epub 2018 Oct 15 doi: 10.1111/ans.14865. PMID: 30321905
Midline cervical swellings: What a paediatrician needs to know.
Nightingale M
J Paediatr Child Health 2017 Nov;53(11):1086-1090. doi: 10.1111/jpc.13759. PMID: 29148189
Congenital ranula.
Licéaga R, González C, Licéaga C, Vargas G
J Clin Pediatr Dent 2010 Spring;34(3):263-6. doi: 10.17796/jcpd.34.3.n3t6x8148g1756vl. PMID: 20578666

Diagnosis

Ranula: Frog's Belly.
Chaubal DT, Bapat DR
Am J Med 2021 Nov;134(11):e552. Epub 2021 Jul 14 doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.06.019. PMID: 34273288
Imaging of Pediatric Salivary Glands.
Friedman E, Patiño MO, Udayasankar UK
Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2018 May;28(2):209-226. Epub 2018 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2018.01.005. PMID: 29622115
Congenital ranula.
Licéaga R, González C, Licéaga C, Vargas G
J Clin Pediatr Dent 2010 Spring;34(3):263-6. doi: 10.17796/jcpd.34.3.n3t6x8148g1756vl. PMID: 20578666
Congenital neck masses.
Rosa PA, Hirsch DL, Dierks EJ
Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2008 Aug;20(3):339-52. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2008.03.003. PMID: 18603195
Non-nodal neck masses.
Woodruff WW, Kennedy TL
Semin Ultrasound CT MR 1997 Jun;18(3):182-204. doi: 10.1016/s0887-2171(97)90019-6. PMID: 9253083

Therapy

Preliminary experience with promethazine hydrochloride injection in the sclerotherapy of oral mucocele.
Huang Y, Yang C, Wang T, Liu S, Chen A
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021 Apr;50(4):516-521. Epub 2020 Jul 15 doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.06.021. PMID: 32682647
Myxofibrosarcoma of the neck.
Udaka T, Yamamoto H, Shiomori T, Fujimura T, Suzuki H
J Laryngol Otol 2006 Oct;120(10):872-4. doi: 10.1017/S0022215106001113. PMID: 17038234
Treatment of ranula in pediatric patients with intralesional injection of OK-432.
Lee HM, Lim HW, Kang HJ, Chae SW, Hwang SJ, Jung KY, Woo JS
Laryngoscope 2006 Jun;116(6):966-9. doi: 10.1097/01.Mlg.0000216809.90196.83. PMID: 16735909
Recurrent plunging ranula treated with OK-432.
Woo JS, Hwang SJ, Lee HM
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2003 Apr;260(4):226-8. Epub 2002 Nov 8 doi: 10.1007/s00405-002-0482-x. PMID: 12709809
Oral lesions.
Hinds EC, Kent JN
Am J Gastroenterol 1971 Mar;55(3):225-36. PMID: 4931041

Prognosis

Sonolocation during submandibular sialolithotomy.
Romero NJ, Fuson A, Kieliszak CR, Joshi AS
Laryngoscope 2019 Dec;129(12):2716-2720. Epub 2019 Feb 23 doi: 10.1002/lary.27816. PMID: 30801712
Patient with synchronous bilateral plunging ranulae.
Yin T, Jain P, Ahmad Z, Morton RP
ANZ J Surg 2019 Nov;89(11):E533-E535. Epub 2018 Oct 15 doi: 10.1111/ans.14865. PMID: 30321905
A case of imperforate Wharton duct.
Aronovich S, Edwards SP
J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014 Apr;72(4):744-7. Epub 2013 Nov 1 doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.10.012. PMID: 24480769
Congenital ranula.
Licéaga R, González C, Licéaga C, Vargas G
J Clin Pediatr Dent 2010 Spring;34(3):263-6. doi: 10.17796/jcpd.34.3.n3t6x8148g1756vl. PMID: 20578666
Plunging ranula: clinical observations.
Davison MJ, Morton RP, McIvor NP
Head Neck 1998 Jan;20(1):63-8. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0347(199801)20:1<63::aid-hed10>3.0.co;2-q. PMID: 9464954

Clinical prediction guides

Sjögren's syndrome and ranula development.
Sato K, Yoshida Y, Sakai K, Shibui T, Hashimoto K, Baba A, Nomura T
Oral Dis 2019 Sep;25(6):1664-1667. Epub 2019 Jun 20 doi: 10.1111/odi.13130. PMID: 31141241
A cadaveric study on mylohyoid herniation of the sublingual gland.
Yang HC, Kim SY, Kim SK, Oh CS, Chung IH, Nam KI
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2016 Dec;273(12):4413-4416. Epub 2016 May 14 doi: 10.1007/s00405-016-4095-1. PMID: 27180250
Treatment of ranula in pediatric patients with intralesional injection of OK-432.
Lee HM, Lim HW, Kang HJ, Chae SW, Hwang SJ, Jung KY, Woo JS
Laryngoscope 2006 Jun;116(6):966-9. doi: 10.1097/01.Mlg.0000216809.90196.83. PMID: 16735909
Plunging ranula: clinical observations.
Davison MJ, Morton RP, McIvor NP
Head Neck 1998 Jan;20(1):63-8. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0347(199801)20:1<63::aid-hed10>3.0.co;2-q. PMID: 9464954
Histopathological spectrum of 112 cases of mucocele.
Oliveira DT, Consolaro A, Freitas FJ
Braz Dent J 1993;4(1):29-36. PMID: 8180481

Recent systematic reviews

Sclerotherapy for Benign Cystic Lesions of the Head and Neck: Systematic Review of 474 Cases.
Talmor G, Nguyen B, Mir G, Badash I, Kaye R, Caloway C
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021 Dec;165(6):775-783. Epub 2021 Mar 23 doi: 10.1177/01945998211000448. PMID: 33755513
Diagnosis and management of congenital floor of mouth masses: A systematic review.
Lucas JP, Allen M, Siegel B, Gonik N
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2021 Jan;140:110541. Epub 2020 Dec 1 doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110541. PMID: 33296834
Comparison of outcomes of treatment for ranula: a proportion meta-analysis.
Chung YS, Cho Y, Kim BH
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Sep;57(7):620-626. Epub 2019 Jun 22 doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.06.005. PMID: 31239229
Pediatric primary Sjögren syndrome presenting with bilateral ranulas: A case report and systematic review of the literature.
Means C, Aldape MA, King E
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Oct;101:11-19. Epub 2017 Jul 19 doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.07.019. PMID: 28964279
Surgical approaches to the submandibular gland: a review of literature.
Beahm DD, Peleaz L, Nuss DW, Schaitkin B, Sedlmayr JC, Rivera-Serrano CM, Zanation AM, Walvekar RR
Int J Surg 2009 Dec;7(6):503-9. Epub 2009 Sep 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2009.09.006. PMID: 19782158

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