Severe distention of the kidney with dilation of the renal pelvis and calices.

Congenital anomaly characterized by closure or failure to develop an opening in the urethra.

An abnormal increase in the size of the kidney.

A kind of polydactyly characterized by the presence of a supernumerary finger or fingers.

Missing radius bone associated with congenital failure of development.

Underdevelopment of the humerus.

Proximal mislocalization of the thumb.

The heart is located in the right hand sided hemithorax. That is, there is a left-right reversal (or "mirror reflection") of the anatomical location of the heart in which the heart is locate on the right side instead of the left.

Critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) is a term that refers to a group of serious heart defects that are present from birth. These abnormalities result from problems with the formation of one or more parts of the heart during the early stages of embryonic development. CCHD prevents the heart from pumping blood effectively or reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood. As a result, organs and tissues throughout the body do not receive enough oxygen, which can lead to organ damage and life-threatening complications. Individuals with CCHD usually require surgery soon after birth.\n\nAlthough babies with CCHD may appear healthy for the first few hours or days of life, signs and symptoms soon become apparent. These can include an abnormal heart sound during a heartbeat (heart murmur), rapid breathing (tachypnea), low blood pressure (hypotension), low levels of oxygen in the blood (hypoxemia), and a blue or purple tint to the skin caused by a shortage of oxygen (cyanosis). If untreated, CCHD can lead to shock, coma, and death. However, most people with CCHD now survive past infancy due to improvements in early detection, diagnosis, and treatment.\n\nSome people with treated CCHD have few related health problems later in life. However, long-term effects of CCHD can include delayed development and reduced stamina during exercise. Adults with these heart defects have an increased risk of abnormal heart rhythms, heart failure, sudden cardiac arrest, stroke, and premature death.\n\nEach of the heart defects associated with CCHD affects the flow of blood into, out of, or through the heart. Some of the heart defects involve structures within the heart itself, such as the two lower chambers of the heart (the ventricles) or the valves that control blood flow through the heart. Others affect the structure of the large blood vessels leading into and out of the heart (including the aorta and pulmonary artery). Still others involve a combination of these structural abnormalities.\n\nPeople with CCHD have one or more specific heart defects. The heart defects classified as CCHD include coarctation of the aorta, double-outlet right ventricle, D-transposition of the great arteries, Ebstein anomaly, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, interrupted aortic arch, pulmonary atresia with intact septum, single ventricle, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, tetralogy of Fallot, tricuspid atresia, and truncus arteriosus.

A rare congenital vascular anomaly that results when the left superior cardinal vein caudal to the innominate vein fails to regress.

A defect of the atrioventricular septum of the heart.

Any structural anomaly of the heart and blood vessels.

Isomerism in the context of the congenitally malformed heart is defined as a situation where some paired structures on opposite sides of the left-right axis of the body are, in morphologic terms, symmetrical mirror images of each other.

Congenital absence of the anus, i.e., the opening at the bottom end of the intestinal tract.

A developmental defect resulting in complete obliteration of the lumen of the esophagus such that the esophagus ends in a blind pouch rather than connecting to the stomach.

Hydrocephalus is an active distension of the ventricular system of the brain resulting from inadequate passage of CSF from its point of production within the cerebral ventricles to its point of absorption into the systemic circulation.

An abnormality of one or more of the vertebrae.

Any abnormality of the vertebral column.

An abnormal connection (fistula) between the esophagus and the trachea.

Congenital absence of the lumen of the larynx. Laryngeal atresia is a rare condition. If the laryngeal opening fails to develop, fluid secreted by the lungs cannot be expelled. In a fetus with laryngeal atresia, the lungs are either normal or hyperplastic, not hypoplastic. Mortality is reported as 100%. At obstetric US examination, views of the fetal neck demonstrate a dilated trachea filled with trapped fluid. Views of the fetal chest show enlarged, hyperechoic lungs, with dilated fluid-filled bronchi. Fetal ascites is usually present.

A congenital abnormality in which the lung parenchyma is not fully developed. It may be associated with other congenital abnormalities.

A cutaneous indentation resulting from tethering of the skin to underlying structures (bone) of the intergluteal cleft.

The presence of excess amniotic fluid in the uterus during pregnancy.

By the 14th week of gestation it is nearly always possible to visualized the fluid-filled fetal stomach bubble on prenatal sonography. This term refers to the absence of a normal fetal stomach bubble on fetal ultrasonography performed at around 16 to 20 weeks' gestation.