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Fungal infection of eye

MedGen UID:
41935
•Concept ID:
C0015405
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Eye Infection, Fungal; Eye Infections, Fungal; Fungal Eye Infection; Fungal Eye Infections; Fungal Ocular Infection; Fungal Ocular Infections; Infection, Fungal Eye; Infection, Fungal Ocular; Infection, Ocular Mycotic; Infections, Fungal Eye; Infections, Fungal Ocular; Infections, Ocular Mycotic; Mycoses, Ocular; Mycosis, Ocular; Mycotic Infection, Ocular; Mycotic Infections, Ocular; Ocular Infection, Fungal; Ocular Infections, Fungal; Ocular Mycoses; Ocular Mycosis; Ocular Mycotic Infection; Ocular Mycotic Infections; Oculomycoses; Oculomycosis
SNOMED CT: Fungal eye infection (31194008); Fungal infection of eye (31194008); Ocular mycosis (31194008)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0020944

Definition

Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in patients with underlying mycoses. [from MONDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVFungal infection of eye

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Fungal keratitis: A review of clinical presentations, treatment strategies and outcomes.
Sharma N, Bagga B, Singhal D, Nagpal R, Kate A, Saluja G, Maharana PK
Ocul Surf 2022 Apr;24:22-30. Epub 2021 Dec 13 doi: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.12.001. PMID: 34915188
Fungal keratitis: Mechanisms of infection and management strategies.
Donovan C, Arenas E, Ayyala RS, Margo CE, Espana EM
Surv Ophthalmol 2022 May-Jun;67(3):758-769. Epub 2021 Aug 20 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.08.002. PMID: 34425126Free PMC Article
Update on the Management of Infectious Keratitis.
Austin A, Lietman T, Rose-Nussbaumer J
Ophthalmology 2017 Nov;124(11):1678-1689. Epub 2017 Sep 21 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.05.012. PMID: 28942073Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

American Academy of Ophthalmology Recommendations on Screening for Endogenous Candida Endophthalmitis.
Breazzano MP, Bond JB 3rd, Bearelly S, Kim DH, Donahue SP, Lum F, Olsen TW; American Academy of Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology 2022 Jan;129(1):73-76. Epub 2021 Jul 19 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2021.07.015. PMID: 34293405
The global incidence and diagnosis of fungal keratitis.
Brown L, Leck AK, Gichangi M, Burton MJ, Denning DW
Lancet Infect Dis 2021 Mar;21(3):e49-e57. Epub 2020 Oct 22 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30448-5. PMID: 33645500
Fungal keratitis.
Bourcier T, Sauer A, Dory A, Denis J, Sabou M
J Fr Ophtalmol 2017 Nov;40(9):e307-e313. Epub 2017 Oct 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2017.08.001. PMID: 28987448
Trabeculectomy bleb-associated infections.
Razeghinejad MR, Havens SJ, Katz LJ
Surv Ophthalmol 2017 Sep-Oct;62(5):591-610. Epub 2017 Feb 8 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.01.009. PMID: 28188728
Infections after keratoprosthesis.
Davies E, Chodosh J
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2016 Jul;27(4):373-7. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000270. PMID: 27138637

Diagnosis

Fungal keratitis: Mechanisms of infection and management strategies.
Donovan C, Arenas E, Ayyala RS, Margo CE, Espana EM
Surv Ophthalmol 2022 May-Jun;67(3):758-769. Epub 2021 Aug 20 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.08.002. PMID: 34425126Free PMC Article
The global incidence and diagnosis of fungal keratitis.
Brown L, Leck AK, Gichangi M, Burton MJ, Denning DW
Lancet Infect Dis 2021 Mar;21(3):e49-e57. Epub 2020 Oct 22 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30448-5. PMID: 33645500
Fungal keratitis.
Bourcier T, Sauer A, Dory A, Denis J, Sabou M
J Fr Ophtalmol 2017 Nov;40(9):e307-e313. Epub 2017 Oct 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2017.08.001. PMID: 28987448
Infections after keratoprosthesis.
Davies E, Chodosh J
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2016 Jul;27(4):373-7. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000270. PMID: 27138637
Fungal endophthalmitis.
Chhablani J
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2011 Dec;9(12):1191-201. doi: 10.1586/eri.11.139. PMID: 22114969

Therapy

Fungal keratitis: Mechanisms of infection and management strategies.
Donovan C, Arenas E, Ayyala RS, Margo CE, Espana EM
Surv Ophthalmol 2022 May-Jun;67(3):758-769. Epub 2021 Aug 20 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.08.002. PMID: 34425126Free PMC Article
Fungal keratitis.
Bourcier T, Sauer A, Dory A, Denis J, Sabou M
J Fr Ophtalmol 2017 Nov;40(9):e307-e313. Epub 2017 Oct 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2017.08.001. PMID: 28987448
Update on the Management of Infectious Keratitis.
Austin A, Lietman T, Rose-Nussbaumer J
Ophthalmology 2017 Nov;124(11):1678-1689. Epub 2017 Sep 21 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.05.012. PMID: 28942073Free PMC Article
Infections after keratoprosthesis.
Davies E, Chodosh J
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2016 Jul;27(4):373-7. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000270. PMID: 27138637
Fungal endophthalmitis.
Chhablani J
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2011 Dec;9(12):1191-201. doi: 10.1586/eri.11.139. PMID: 22114969

Prognosis

American Academy of Ophthalmology Recommendations on Screening for Endogenous Candida Endophthalmitis.
Breazzano MP, Bond JB 3rd, Bearelly S, Kim DH, Donahue SP, Lum F, Olsen TW; American Academy of Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology 2022 Jan;129(1):73-76. Epub 2021 Jul 19 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2021.07.015. PMID: 34293405
The global incidence and diagnosis of fungal keratitis.
Brown L, Leck AK, Gichangi M, Burton MJ, Denning DW
Lancet Infect Dis 2021 Mar;21(3):e49-e57. Epub 2020 Oct 22 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30448-5. PMID: 33645500
Fungal keratitis.
Bourcier T, Sauer A, Dory A, Denis J, Sabou M
J Fr Ophtalmol 2017 Nov;40(9):e307-e313. Epub 2017 Oct 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2017.08.001. PMID: 28987448
Trabeculectomy bleb-associated infections.
Razeghinejad MR, Havens SJ, Katz LJ
Surv Ophthalmol 2017 Sep-Oct;62(5):591-610. Epub 2017 Feb 8 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.01.009. PMID: 28188728
Fungal endophthalmitis.
Chhablani J
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2011 Dec;9(12):1191-201. doi: 10.1586/eri.11.139. PMID: 22114969

Clinical prediction guides

The global incidence and diagnosis of fungal keratitis.
Brown L, Leck AK, Gichangi M, Burton MJ, Denning DW
Lancet Infect Dis 2021 Mar;21(3):e49-e57. Epub 2020 Oct 22 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30448-5. PMID: 33645500
Endophthalmitis: Then and Now.
Relhan N, Forster RK, Flynn HW Jr
Am J Ophthalmol 2018 Mar;187:xx-xxvii. Epub 2017 Dec 5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2017.11.021. PMID: 29217351Free PMC Article
Mycotic Infections of the Eye.
Słowik M, Biernat MM, Urbaniak-Kujda D, Kapelko-Słowik K, Misiuk-Hojło M
Adv Clin Exp Med 2015 Nov-Dec;24(6):1113-7. doi: 10.17219/acem/50572. PMID: 26771986
Cryptococcosis.
Negroni R
Clin Dermatol 2012 Nov-Dec;30(6):599-609. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2012.01.005. PMID: 23068147
Colletotrichum keratitis.
Fernandez V, Dursun D, Miller D, Alfonso EC
Am J Ophthalmol 2002 Sep;134(3):435-8. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(02)01576-3. PMID: 12208257

Recent systematic reviews

Prevalence of Ocular Candidiasis and Candida Endophthalmitis in Patients With Candidemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Phongkhun K, Pothikamjorn T, Srisurapanont K, Manothummetha K, Sanguankeo A, Thongkam A, Chuleerarux N, Leksuwankun S, Meejun T, Thanakitcharu J, Walker M, Gopinath S, Torvorapanit P, Langsiri N, Worasilchai N, Moonla C, Plongla R, Kates OS, Nematollahi S, Permpalung N
Clin Infect Dis 2023 May 24;76(10):1738-1749. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad064. PMID: 36750934Free PMC Article
Distribution, Prevalence, and Causative Agents of Fungal Keratitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (1990 to 2020).
Ahmadikia K, Aghaei Gharehbolagh S, Fallah B, Naeimi Eshkaleti M, Malekifar P, Rahsepar S, Getso MI, Sharma S, Mahmoudi S
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021;11:698780. Epub 2021 Aug 26 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.698780. PMID: 34513726Free PMC Article
The global incidence and diagnosis of fungal keratitis.
Brown L, Leck AK, Gichangi M, Burton MJ, Denning DW
Lancet Infect Dis 2021 Mar;21(3):e49-e57. Epub 2020 Oct 22 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30448-5. PMID: 33645500
Medical interventions for fungal keratitis.
FlorCruz NV, Peczon IV, Evans JR
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 Feb 15;(2):CD004241. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004241.pub3. PMID: 22336802
Ocular candidiasis: a review.
Shah CP, McKey J, Spirn MJ, Maguire J
Br J Ophthalmol 2008 Apr;92(4):466-8. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2007.133405. PMID: 18369061

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