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Giardiasis

MedGen UID:
42213
•Concept ID:
C0017536
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Giardia Infection; Giardia Infections; Giardiases; Infection, Giardia; Infections, Giardia; Lambliases; Lambliasis
SNOMED CT: Infection by Giardia lamblia (10679007); Lambliasis (10679007); Infection caused by Giardia lamblia (10679007); Giardiasis (58265007); Giardiosis (58265007)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0001103

Definition

An infection of the small intestine caused by the flagellated protozoan giardia lamblia. It is spread via contaminated food and water and by direct person-to-person contact. [from MONDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVGiardiasis

Professional guidelines

PubMed

50 Years Ago in TheJournalofPediatrics: Diagnosis and Management of Giardiasis.
Bhatnagar S, Gupta P
J Pediatr 2022 May;244:e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.01.023. PMID: 35534170
Giardiasis treatment: an update with a focus on refractory disease.
Mørch K, Hanevik K
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2020 Oct;33(5):355-364. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000668. PMID: 32773501
Chronic Diarrhea in Adults: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis.
Burgers K, Lindberg B, Bevis ZJ
Am Fam Physician 2020 Apr 15;101(8):472-480. PMID: 32293842

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Giardiasis: An Overview.
Leung AKC, Leung AAM, Wong AHC, Sergi CM, Kam JKM
Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov 2019;13(2):134-143. doi: 10.2174/1872213X13666190618124901. PMID: 31210116
Pathogenic Mechanisms of Cryptosporidium and Giardia.
Certad G, Viscogliosi E, Chabé M, Cacciò SM
Trends Parasitol 2017 Jul;33(7):561-576. Epub 2017 Mar 20 doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2017.02.006. PMID: 28336217
Giardiasis.
Minetti C, Chalmers RM, Beeching NJ, Probert C, Lamden K
BMJ 2016 Oct 27;355:i5369. doi: 10.1136/bmj.i5369. PMID: 27789441
Management of chronic Giardia infection.
Escobedo AA, Hanevik K, Almirall P, Cimerman S, Alfonso M
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2014 Sep;12(9):1143-57. Epub 2014 Jul 25 doi: 10.1586/14787210.2014.942283. PMID: 25059638
The zoonotic significance and molecular epidemiology of Giardia and giardiasis.
Thompson RC
Vet Parasitol 2004 Dec 9;126(1-2):15-35. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.09.008. PMID: 15567577

Diagnosis

Giardiasis.
Desai AN
JAMA 2021 Apr 6;325(13):1356. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.10289. PMID: 33821896
Giardiasis: An Overview.
Leung AKC, Leung AAM, Wong AHC, Sergi CM, Kam JKM
Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov 2019;13(2):134-143. doi: 10.2174/1872213X13666190618124901. PMID: 31210116
Giardiasis.
Minetti C, Chalmers RM, Beeching NJ, Probert C, Lamden K
BMJ 2016 Oct 27;355:i5369. doi: 10.1136/bmj.i5369. PMID: 27789441
Zoonotic potential and molecular epidemiology of Giardia species and giardiasis.
Feng Y, Xiao L
Clin Microbiol Rev 2011 Jan;24(1):110-40. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00033-10. PMID: 21233509Free PMC Article
Giardiasis.
Lebwohl B, Deckelbaum RJ, Green PH
Gastrointest Endosc 2003 Jun;57(7):906-13. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107(03)70028-5. PMID: 12776040

Therapy

Giardiasis: An Overview.
Leung AKC, Leung AAM, Wong AHC, Sergi CM, Kam JKM
Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov 2019;13(2):134-143. doi: 10.2174/1872213X13666190618124901. PMID: 31210116
Giardiasis.
Minetti C, Chalmers RM, Beeching NJ, Probert C, Lamden K
BMJ 2016 Oct 27;355:i5369. doi: 10.1136/bmj.i5369. PMID: 27789441
Giardiasis.
Lebwohl B, Deckelbaum RJ, Green PH
Gastrointest Endosc 2003 Jun;57(7):906-13. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107(03)70028-5. PMID: 12776040
Giardia.
Heresi G, Cleary TG
Pediatr Rev 1997 Jul;18(7):243-7. doi: 10.1542/pir.18-7-243. PMID: 9203832
Giardia and giardiasis.
Thompson RC, Reynoldson JA, Mendis AH
Adv Parasitol 1993;32:71-160. doi: 10.1016/s0065-308x(08)60207-9. PMID: 8237618

Prognosis

Giardiasis treatment: an update with a focus on refractory disease.
Mørch K, Hanevik K
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2020 Oct;33(5):355-364. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000668. PMID: 32773501
Dientamoeba fragilis, One of the Neglected Intestinal Protozoa.
Garcia LS
J Clin Microbiol 2016 Sep;54(9):2243-50. Epub 2016 Apr 6 doi: 10.1128/JCM.00400-16. PMID: 27053676Free PMC Article
Protozoan Parasites.
Custodio H
Pediatr Rev 2016 Feb;37(2):59-69; quiz 70-1. doi: 10.1542/pir.2015-0006. PMID: 26834225
Ornidazole-induced autoimmune hepatitis.
Koşar Y, Saşmaz N, Oguz P, Kacar S, Erden E, Parlak E, Akdogan M
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001 Jun;13(6):737-9. doi: 10.1097/00042737-200106000-00022. PMID: 11434605
Giardiasis.
Seidel J
Pediatr Rev 1993 Jul;14(7):284-5; quiz 286. doi: 10.1542/pir.14-7-284. PMID: 8361933

Clinical prediction guides

Tunneling Nanotube-like Structures in Giardia duodenalis.
Midlej V, Tenaglia AH, Luján HD, de Souza W
Cells 2024 Sep 13;13(18) doi: 10.3390/cells13181538. PMID: 39329722Free PMC Article
Discovery of Benzopyrrolizidines as Promising Antigiardiasic Agents.
Auriostigue-Bautista JC, Hernández-Vázquez E, González-Calderón D, Figueroa-Romero JL, Castillo-Villanueva A, Torres-Arroyo A, Ponce-Macotela M, Rufino-González Y, Martínez-Gordillo M, Miranda LD, Oria-Hernández J, Reyes-Vivas H
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021;11:828100. Epub 2022 Jan 12 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.828100. PMID: 35096662Free PMC Article
Giardiasis treatment: an update with a focus on refractory disease.
Mørch K, Hanevik K
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2020 Oct;33(5):355-364. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000668. PMID: 32773501
Giardiasis: An Overview.
Leung AKC, Leung AAM, Wong AHC, Sergi CM, Kam JKM
Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov 2019;13(2):134-143. doi: 10.2174/1872213X13666190618124901. PMID: 31210116
Protozoan Parasites.
Custodio H
Pediatr Rev 2016 Feb;37(2):59-69; quiz 70-1. doi: 10.1542/pir.2015-0006. PMID: 26834225

Recent systematic reviews

A systematic review of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in Myanmar.
Swe MMM, Phyo AP, Cooper BS, White NJ, Smithuis F, Ashley EA
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023 Nov;17(11):e0011706. Epub 2023 Nov 1 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011706. PMID: 37910592Free PMC Article
Treatment strategies for nitroimidazole-refractory giardiasis: a systematic review.
Bourque DL, Neumayr A, Libman M, Chen LH
J Travel Med 2022 Jan 17;29(1) doi: 10.1093/jtm/taab120. PMID: 34350966
A meta-analysis of the efficacy of albendazole compared with tinidazole as treatments for Giardia infections in children.
Escobedo AA, Ballesteros J, González-Fraile E, Almirall P
Acta Trop 2016 Jan;153:120-7. Epub 2015 Oct 22 doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023. PMID: 26476393
Drugs for treating giardiasis.
Granados CE, Reveiz L, Uribe LG, Criollo CP
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 Dec 12;12(12):CD007787. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007787.pub2. PMID: 23235648Free PMC Article
Systematic review and meta-analysis of Saccharomyces boulardii in adult patients.
McFarland LV
World J Gastroenterol 2010 May 14;16(18):2202-22. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i18.2202. PMID: 20458757Free PMC Article

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