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withdrawal

MedGen UID:
442895
•Concept ID:
C2825032
•
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonym: Withdrawal

Definition

A social or emotional detachment, pathological retreat from objective reality, interpersonal contact and social involvement, as in some forms of schizophrenia, depression, or schizoid, avoidant, or schizotypal personality disorders. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVwithdrawal

Professional guidelines

PubMed

2022 Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Practice Guidelines on Prevention and Management of Pain, Agitation, Neuromuscular Blockade, and Delirium in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients With Consideration of the ICU Environment and Early Mobility.
Smith HAB, Besunder JB, Betters KA, Johnson PN, Srinivasan V, Stormorken A, Farrington E, Golianu B, Godshall AJ, Acinelli L, Almgren C, Bailey CH, Boyd JM, Cisco MJ, Damian M, deAlmeida ML, Fehr J, Fenton KE, Gilliland F, Grant MJC, Howell J, Ruggles CA, Simone S, Su F, Sullivan JE, Tegtmeyer K, Traube C, Williams S, Berkenbosch JW
Pediatr Crit Care Med 2022 Feb 1;23(2):e74-e110. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000002873. PMID: 35119438
Clinical management of cannabis withdrawal.
Connor JP, Stjepanović D, Budney AJ, Le Foll B, Hall WD
Addiction 2022 Jul;117(7):2075-2095. Epub 2022 Jan 10 doi: 10.1111/add.15743. PMID: 34791767Free PMC Article
Clinical Practice Guideline: Nosebleed (Epistaxis).
Tunkel DE, Anne S, Payne SC, Ishman SL, Rosenfeld RM, Abramson PJ, Alikhaani JD, Benoit MM, Bercovitz RS, Brown MD, Chernobilsky B, Feldstein DA, Hackell JM, Holbrook EH, Holdsworth SM, Lin KW, Lind MM, Poetker DM, Riley CA, Schneider JS, Seidman MD, Vadlamudi V, Valdez TA, Nnacheta LC, Monjur TM
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020 Jan;162(1_suppl):S1-S38. doi: 10.1177/0194599819890327. PMID: 31910111

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Estimating Risk of Antidepressant Withdrawal from a Review of Published Data.
Horowitz MA, Framer A, Hengartner MP, Sørensen A, Taylor D
CNS Drugs 2023 Feb;37(2):143-157. Epub 2022 Dec 14 doi: 10.1007/s40263-022-00960-y. PMID: 36513909Free PMC Article
Clinical Management of Opioid Withdrawal.
Torres-Lockhart KE, Lu TY, Weimer MB, Stein MR, Cunningham CO
Addiction 2022 Sep;117(9):2540-2550. Epub 2022 Feb 22 doi: 10.1111/add.15818. PMID: 35112746
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: Outpatient Management.
Tiglao SM, Meisenheimer ES, Oh RC
Am Fam Physician 2021 Sep 1;104(3):253-262. PMID: 34523874
Acute and Persistent Withdrawal Syndromes Following Discontinuation of Psychotropic Medications.
Cosci F, Chouinard G
Psychother Psychosom 2020;89(5):283-306. Epub 2020 Apr 7 doi: 10.1159/000506868. PMID: 32259826
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome management: Is there anything new?
Airagnes G, Ducoutumany G, Laffy-Beaufils B, Le Faou AL, Limosin F
Rev Med Interne 2019 Jun;40(6):373-379. Epub 2019 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.revmed.2019.02.001. PMID: 30853380

Diagnosis

Clinical Management of Opioid Withdrawal.
Torres-Lockhart KE, Lu TY, Weimer MB, Stein MR, Cunningham CO
Addiction 2022 Sep;117(9):2540-2550. Epub 2022 Feb 22 doi: 10.1111/add.15818. PMID: 35112746
Clinical management of cannabis withdrawal.
Connor JP, Stjepanović D, Budney AJ, Le Foll B, Hall WD
Addiction 2022 Jul;117(7):2075-2095. Epub 2022 Jan 10 doi: 10.1111/add.15743. PMID: 34791767Free PMC Article
Acute and Persistent Withdrawal Syndromes Following Discontinuation of Psychotropic Medications.
Cosci F, Chouinard G
Psychother Psychosom 2020;89(5):283-306. Epub 2020 Apr 7 doi: 10.1159/000506868. PMID: 32259826
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome: mechanisms, manifestations, and management.
Jesse S, Bråthen G, Ferrara M, Keindl M, Ben-Menachem E, Tanasescu R, Brodtkorb E, Hillbom M, Leone MA, Ludolph AC
Acta Neurol Scand 2017 Jan;135(1):4-16. Epub 2016 Sep 1 doi: 10.1111/ane.12671. PMID: 27586815Free PMC Article
Recognition and management of withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens).
Schuckit MA
N Engl J Med 2014 Nov 27;371(22):2109-13. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1407298. PMID: 25427113

Therapy

Beyond benzodiazepines: a meta-analysis and narrative synthesis of the efficacy and safety of alternative options for alcohol withdrawal syndrome management.
Fluyau D, Kailasam VK, Pierre CG
Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2023 Sep;79(9):1147-1157. Epub 2023 Jun 28 doi: 10.1007/s00228-023-03523-2. PMID: 37380897
Randomization tests for changing criterion designs.
Onghena P, Tanious R, De TK, Michiels B
Behav Res Ther 2019 Jun;117:18-27. Epub 2019 Jan 14 doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2019.01.005. PMID: 30670306
Clinical trials in multiple sclerosis.
Cutter G, Kappos L
Handb Clin Neurol 2014;122:445-53. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52001-2.00019-4. PMID: 24507530
Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure. Results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS).
CONSENSUS Trial Study Group
N Engl J Med 1987 Jun 4;316(23):1429-35. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198706043162301. PMID: 2883575
Timolol-induced reduction in mortality and reinfarction in patients surviving acute myocardial infarction.
Norwegian Multicenter Study Group
N Engl J Med 1981 Apr 2;304(14):801-7. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198104023041401. PMID: 7010157

Prognosis

Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine through 6 Months.
Thomas SJ, Moreira ED Jr, Kitchin N, Absalon J, Gurtman A, Lockhart S, Perez JL, Pérez Marc G, Polack FP, Zerbini C, Bailey R, Swanson KA, Xu X, Roychoudhury S, Koury K, Bouguermouh S, Kalina WV, Cooper D, Frenck RW Jr, Hammitt LL, Türeci Ö, Nell H, Schaefer A, Ünal S, Yang Q, Liberator P, Tresnan DB, Mather S, Dormitzer PR, Şahin U, Gruber WC, Jansen KU; C4591001 Clinical Trial Group
N Engl J Med 2021 Nov 4;385(19):1761-1773. Epub 2021 Sep 15 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2110345. PMID: 34525277Free PMC Article
Why do patients die after status epilepticus?
Hocker S
Epilepsy Behav 2019 Dec;101(Pt B):106567. Epub 2019 Nov 8 doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.106567. PMID: 31708429
Two-year outcomes in de novo renal transplant recipients receiving everolimus-facilitated calcineurin inhibitor reduction regimen from the TRANSFORM study.
Berger SP, Sommerer C, Witzke O, Tedesco H, Chadban S, Mulgaonkar S, Qazi Y, de Fijter JW, Oppenheimer F, Cruzado JM, Watarai Y, Massari P, Legendre C, Citterio F, Henry M, Srinivas TR, Vincenti F, Gutierrez MPH, Marti AM, Bernhardt P, Pascual J; TRANSFORM investigators
Am J Transplant 2019 Nov;19(11):3018-3034. Epub 2019 Jul 1 doi: 10.1111/ajt.15480. PMID: 31152476
A systematic review into the incidence, severity and duration of antidepressant withdrawal effects: Are guidelines evidence-based?
Davies J, Read J
Addict Behav 2019 Oct;97:111-121. Epub 2018 Sep 4 doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.08.027. PMID: 30292574
Will This Hospitalized Patient Develop Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.
Wood E, Albarqouni L, Tkachuk S, Green CJ, Ahamad K, Nolan S, McLean M, Klimas J
JAMA 2018 Aug 28;320(8):825-833. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.10574. PMID: 30167704Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Use of a Novel Artificial Intelligence System Leads to the Detection of Significantly Higher Number of Adenomas During Screening and Surveillance Colonoscopy: Results From a Large, Prospective, US Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trial.
Desai M, Ausk K, Brannan D, Chhabra R, Chan W, Chiorean M, Gross SA, Girotra M, Haber G, Hogan RB, Jacob B, Jonnalagadda S, Iles-Shih L, Kumar N, Law J, Lee L, Lin O, Mizrahi M, Pacheco P, Parasa S, Phan J, Reeves V, Sethi A, Snell D, Underwood J, Venu N, Visrodia K, Wong A, Winn J, Wright CH, Sharma P
Am J Gastroenterol 2024 Jul 1;119(7):1383-1391. Epub 2024 Jan 18 doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002664. PMID: 38235741
Predictive factors of weaning from mechanical ventilation and extubation outcome: A systematic review.
Baptistella AR, Sarmento FJ, da Silva KR, Baptistella SF, Taglietti M, Zuquello RÁ, Nunes Filho JR
J Crit Care 2018 Dec;48:56-62. Epub 2018 Aug 20 doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2018.08.023. PMID: 30172034
Predictors of Outcome Post Cardiac Arrest.
Bigham S, Bigham C, Martin D
J Intensive Care Med 2018 Apr;33(4):248-255. Epub 2013 Nov 12 doi: 10.1177/0885066613511045. PMID: 24227450
Utility of spherical human liver microtissues for prediction of clinical drug-induced liver injury.
Proctor WR, Foster AJ, Vogt J, Summers C, Middleton B, Pilling MA, Shienson D, Kijanska M, Ströbel S, Kelm JM, Morgan P, Messner S, Williams D
Arch Toxicol 2017 Aug;91(8):2849-2863. Epub 2017 Jun 13 doi: 10.1007/s00204-017-2002-1. PMID: 28612260Free PMC Article
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Is it in the gluten or the grain?
Nijeboer P, Bontkes HJ, Mulder CJ, Bouma G
J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2013 Dec;22(4):435-40. PMID: 24369326

Recent systematic reviews

Timing of Allergenic Food Introduction and Risk of Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Food Allergy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Scarpone R, Kimkool P, Ierodiakonou D, Leonardi-Bee J, Garcia-Larsen V, Perkin MR, Boyle RJ
JAMA Pediatr 2023 May 1;177(5):489-497. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.0142. PMID: 36972063Free PMC Article
Comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapies for alcohol withdrawal: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Bahji A, Bach P, Danilewitz M, Crockford D, El-Guebaly N, Devoe DJ, Saitz R
Addiction 2022 Oct;117(10):2591-2601. Epub 2022 Mar 15 doi: 10.1111/add.15853. PMID: 35194860Free PMC Article
Quetiapine withdrawal: A systematic review.
Monahan K, Cuzens-Sutton J, Siskind D, Kisely S
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2021 Aug;55(8):772-783. Epub 2020 Oct 16 doi: 10.1177/0004867420965693. PMID: 33059460
Assessment and treatment of the withdrawal syndrome in paediatric intensive care units: Systematic review.
Ávila-Alzate JA, Gómez-Salgado J, Romero-Martín M, Martínez-Isasi S, Navarro-Abal Y, Fernández-García D
Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jan;99(5):e18502. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018502. PMID: 32000360Free PMC Article
Individualised prediction model of seizure recurrence and long-term outcomes after withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs in seizure-free patients: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.
Lamberink HJ, Otte WM, Geerts AT, Pavlovic M, Ramos-Lizana J, Marson AG, Overweg J, Sauma L, Specchio LM, Tennison M, Cardoso TMO, Shinnar S, Schmidt D, Geleijns K, Braun KPJ
Lancet Neurol 2017 Jul;16(7):523-531. Epub 2017 May 5 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30114-X. PMID: 28483337

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