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Neonatal encephalopathy

MedGen UID:: 536453
•Concept ID:: C0235820
•: Disease or Syndrome

Synonym:	Neonatal Encephalopathy
SNOMED CT:	Neonatal encephalopathy (95628005)

Definition

Abnormal functioning of the central nervous system in the newborn period that may be due to a variety of etiologies including hypoxia/ischemia, metabolic disturbance, or infection. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

Neonatal encephalopathy

Abnormality of prenatal development or birth
- Fetal anomaly
  - Congenital Systemic Disorder
    - Abnormality of the nervous system
      - Abnormal nervous system physiology
        Encephalopathy
        Neonatal encephalopathy
        Encephalopathy of Prematurity
        Severe neonatal-onset encephalopathy with microcephaly

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Evaluation for the etiology of neonatal encephalopathy and the diagnosis of FIRS.

Wiswell TE
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2020 Aug;25(4):101140. Epub 2020 Jul 10 doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2020.101140. PMID: 33158495

Pharmacologic Prevention and Treatment of Neonatal Brain Injury.

McNally MA, Soul JS
Clin Perinatol 2019 Jun;46(2):311-325. Epub 2019 Mar 26 doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2019.02.006. PMID: 31010562

Neonatal Encephalopathy: Current Management and Future Trends.

Schump EA
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 2018 Dec;30(4):509-521. doi: 10.1016/j.cnc.2018.07.007. PMID: 30447810

See all (65)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The Term Newborn: Evaluation for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Bonifacio SL, Hutson S
Clin Perinatol 2021 Aug;48(3):681-695. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2021.05.014. PMID: 34353587

Inborn errors of metabolism.

Ferreira CR, van Karnebeek CDM
Handb Clin Neurol 2019;162:449-481. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64029-1.00022-9. PMID: 31324325

Therapeutic Hypothermia in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Wassink G, Davidson JO, Dhillon SK, Zhou K, Bennet L, Thoresen M, Gunn AJ
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2019 Jan 14;19(2):2. doi: 10.1007/s11910-019-0916-0. PMID: 30637551

Fetal vascular malperfusion, an update.

Redline RW, Ravishankar S
APMIS 2018 Jul;126(7):561-569. doi: 10.1111/apm.12849. PMID: 30129125

Pathophysiology of cerebral palsy.

Marret S, Vanhulle C, Laquerriere A
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;111:169-76. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52891-9.00016-6. PMID: 23622161

See all (682)

Diagnosis

MECP2-Related Disorders in Males.

Pascual-Alonso A, Martínez-Monseny AF, Xiol C, Armstrong J
Int J Mol Sci 2021 Sep 4;22(17) doi: 10.3390/ijms22179610. PMID: 34502518 Free PMC Article

The Term Newborn: Evaluation for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Bonifacio SL, Hutson S
Clin Perinatol 2021 Aug;48(3):681-695. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2021.05.014. PMID: 34353587

Neonatal Encephalopathy: Beyond Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Russ JB, Simmons R, Glass HC
Neoreviews 2021 Mar;22(3):e148-e162. doi: 10.1542/neo.22-3-e148. PMID: 33649088

Inborn errors of metabolism.

Ferreira CR, van Karnebeek CDM
Handb Clin Neurol 2019;162:449-481. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64029-1.00022-9. PMID: 31324325

Therapeutic Hypothermia in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Wassink G, Davidson JO, Dhillon SK, Zhou K, Bennet L, Thoresen M, Gunn AJ
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2019 Jan 14;19(2):2. doi: 10.1007/s11910-019-0916-0. PMID: 30637551

See all (496)

Therapy

Therapeutic hypothermia in neonatal hypoxic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mathew JL, Kaur N, Dsouza JM
J Glob Health 2022;12:04030. Epub 2022 Apr 9 doi: 10.7189/jogh.12.04030. PMID: 35444799 Free PMC Article

The Term Newborn: Evaluation for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Bonifacio SL, Hutson S
Clin Perinatol 2021 Aug;48(3):681-695. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2021.05.014. PMID: 34353587

Therapeutic hypothermia for mild neonatal encephalopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Kariholu U, Montaldo P, Markati T, Lally PJ, Pryce R, Teiserskas J, Liow N, Oliveira V, Soe A, Shankaran S, Thayyil S
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2020 Mar;105(2):225-228. Epub 2018 Dec 19 doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2018-315711. PMID: 30567775

Neonatal encephalopathy and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Gunn AJ, Thoresen M
Handb Clin Neurol 2019;162:217-237. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64029-1.00010-2. PMID: 31324312

Therapeutic Hypothermia in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Wassink G, Davidson JO, Dhillon SK, Zhou K, Bennet L, Thoresen M, Gunn AJ
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2019 Jan 14;19(2):2. doi: 10.1007/s11910-019-0916-0. PMID: 30637551

See all (290)

Prognosis

Neuromonitoring in neonatal critical care part I: neonatal encephalopathy and neonates with possible seizures.

El-Dib M, Abend NS, Austin T, Boylan G, Chock V, Cilio MR, Greisen G, Hellström-Westas L, Lemmers P, Pellicer A, Pressler RM, Sansevere A, Tsuchida T, Vanhatalo S, Wusthoff CJ; Newborn Brain Society Guidelines and Publications Committee
Pediatr Res 2023 Jul;94(1):64-73. Epub 2022 Dec 7 doi: 10.1038/s41390-022-02393-1. PMID: 36476747

Neuroimaging in the term newborn with neonatal encephalopathy.

Wisnowski JL, Wintermark P, Bonifacio SL, Smyser CD, Barkovich AJ, Edwards AD, de Vries LS, Inder TE, Chau V; Newborn Brain Society Guidelines and Publications Committee
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2021 Oct;26(5):101304. Epub 2021 Oct 29 doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2021.101304. PMID: 34736808 Free PMC Article

The Term Newborn: Evaluation for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Bonifacio SL, Hutson S
Clin Perinatol 2021 Aug;48(3):681-695. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2021.05.014. PMID: 34353587

How to use the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development.

Del Rosario C, Slevin M, Molloy EJ, Quigley J, Nixon E
Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed 2021 Apr;106(2):108-112. Epub 2020 Aug 28 doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-319063. PMID: 32859738

Epidemiology of neonatal encephalopathy and hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy.

Kurinczuk JJ, White-Koning M, Badawi N
Early Hum Dev 2010 Jun;86(6):329-38. Epub 2010 Jun 16 doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.05.010. PMID: 20554402

See all (427)

Clinical prediction guides

Neuroimaging in the term newborn with neonatal encephalopathy.

How to use the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development.

Del Rosario C, Slevin M, Molloy EJ, Quigley J, Nixon E
Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed 2021 Apr;106(2):108-112. Epub 2020 Aug 28 doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-319063. PMID: 32859738

The fetal inflammatory response syndrome: the origins of a concept, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and obstetrical implications.

Jung E, Romero R, Yeo L, Diaz-Primera R, Marin-Concha J, Para R, Lopez AM, Pacora P, Gomez-Lopez N, Yoon BH, Kim CJ, Berry SM, Hsu CD
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2020 Aug;25(4):101146. Epub 2020 Oct 23 doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2020.101146. PMID: 33164775 Free PMC Article

Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.

GBD 2016 Causes of Death Collaborators
Lancet 2017 Sep 16;390(10100):1151-1210. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32152-9. PMID: 28919116 Free PMC Article

Pathophysiology of cerebral palsy.

Marret S, Vanhulle C, Laquerriere A
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;111:169-76. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52891-9.00016-6. PMID: 23622161

See all (491)

Recent systematic reviews

Therapeutic hypothermia in neonatal hypoxic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mathew JL, Kaur N, Dsouza JM
J Glob Health 2022;12:04030. Epub 2022 Apr 9 doi: 10.7189/jogh.12.04030. PMID: 35444799 Free PMC Article

Induction of labour at or beyond 37 weeks' gestation.

Middleton P, Shepherd E, Morris J, Crowther CA, Gomersall JC
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Jul 15;7(7):CD004945. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004945.pub5. PMID: 32666584 Free PMC Article

Membrane sweeping for induction of labour.

Finucane EM, Murphy DJ, Biesty LM, Gyte GM, Cotter AM, Ryan EM, Boulvain M, Devane D
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Feb 27;2(2):CD000451. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000451.pub3. PMID: 32103497 Free PMC Article

Therapeutic hypothermia for mild neonatal encephalopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Induction of labour for improving birth outcomes for women at or beyond term.

Middleton P, Shepherd E, Crowther CA
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 May 9;5(5):CD004945. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004945.pub4. PMID: 29741208 Free PMC Article

See all (52)

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Neonatal encephalopathy

Definition

Term Hierarchy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Diagnosis

Therapy

Prognosis

Clinical prediction guides

Recent systematic reviews

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

Clinical resources

Practice guidelines

Consumer resources

Reviews

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