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Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

MedGen UID:
5772
•Concept ID:
C0021141
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
SNOMED CT: Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (55004003); Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (55004003); Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (55004003); SIAD - syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (55004003); Syndrome of inappropriate ADH (antidiuretic hormone) production (55004003); SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone) secretion (55004003); Syndrome of inappropriate vasopressin secretion (55004003); Schwartz-Bartter syndrome (55004003)
 
HPO: HP:0031218
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006802
Orphanet: ORPHA83449

Definition

A state of increased circulating antidiuretic hormone despite hyponatremia and hypo-osmolality with normal or increased plasma volume. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVInappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Hyponatremia in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Practical Management Protocol.
Rajagopal R, Swaminathan G, Nair S, Joseph M
World Neurosurg 2017 Dec;108:529-533. Epub 2017 Sep 9 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.09.013. PMID: 28899834
Diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia: expert panel recommendations.
Verbalis JG, Goldsmith SR, Greenberg A, Korzelius C, Schrier RW, Sterns RH, Thompson CJ
Am J Med 2013 Oct;126(10 Suppl 1):S1-42. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.07.006. PMID: 24074529
Treatment of hyponatremia.
Gross P
Intern Med 2008;47(10):885-91. Epub 2008 May 15 doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.47.0918. PMID: 18480571

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Safety and immunogenicity of a single-shot live-attenuated chikungunya vaccine: a double-blind, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
Schneider M, Narciso-Abraham M, Hadl S, McMahon R, Toepfer S, Fuchs U, Hochreiter R, Bitzer A, Kosulin K, Larcher-Senn J, Mader R, Dubischar K, Zoihsl O, Jaramillo JC, Eder-Lingelbach S, Buerger V, Wressnigg N
Lancet 2023 Jun 24;401(10394):2138-2147. Epub 2023 Jun 12 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00641-4. PMID: 37321235Free PMC Article
Clinical efficacy of urea treatment in syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.
Perelló-Camacho E, Pomares-Gómez FJ, López-Penabad L, Mirete-López RM, Pinedo-Esteban MR, Domínguez-Escribano JR
Sci Rep 2022 Jun 17;12(1):10266. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-14387-4. PMID: 35715573Free PMC Article
Hyponatremia in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Practical Management Protocol.
Rajagopal R, Swaminathan G, Nair S, Joseph M
World Neurosurg 2017 Dec;108:529-533. Epub 2017 Sep 9 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.09.013. PMID: 28899834
SIADH: differential diagnosis and clinical management.
Peri A, Grohé C, Berardi R, Runkle I
Endocrine 2017 Jan;55(1):311-319. Epub 2016 Mar 30 doi: 10.1007/s12020-016-0936-3. PMID: 27025948
Diuretic-associated hyponatremia.
Hix JK, Silver S, Sterns RH
Semin Nephrol 2011 Nov;31(6):553-66. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.09.010. PMID: 22099512

Diagnosis

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.
Poch E, Molina A, Piñeiro G
Med Clin (Barc) 2022 Aug 12;159(3):139-146. Epub 2022 May 31 doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2022.02.015. PMID: 35659417
Diabetes Insipidus and Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone in Critically Ill Patients.
Harrois A, Anstey JR
Crit Care Clin 2019 Apr;35(2):187-200. Epub 2019 Jan 28 doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2018.11.001. PMID: 30784603
Hyponatremia in the elderly: challenges and solutions.
Filippatos TD, Makri A, Elisaf MS, Liamis G
Clin Interv Aging 2017;12:1957-1965. Epub 2017 Nov 14 doi: 10.2147/CIA.S138535. PMID: 29180859Free PMC Article
Diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia: expert panel recommendations.
Verbalis JG, Goldsmith SR, Greenberg A, Korzelius C, Schrier RW, Sterns RH, Thompson CJ
Am J Med 2013 Oct;126(10 Suppl 1):S1-42. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.07.006. PMID: 24074529
Hyponatremia in pneumonia.
Edmonds ZV
J Hosp Med 2012 Apr;7 Suppl 4:S11-3. doi: 10.1002/jhm.1933. PMID: 22489080

Therapy

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.
Poch E, Molina A, Piñeiro G
Med Clin (Barc) 2022 Aug 12;159(3):139-146. Epub 2022 May 31 doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2022.02.015. PMID: 35659417
Diabetes Insipidus and Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone in Critically Ill Patients.
Harrois A, Anstey JR
Crit Care Clin 2019 Apr;35(2):187-200. Epub 2019 Jan 28 doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2018.11.001. PMID: 30784603
Hyponatremia in the elderly: challenges and solutions.
Filippatos TD, Makri A, Elisaf MS, Liamis G
Clin Interv Aging 2017;12:1957-1965. Epub 2017 Nov 14 doi: 10.2147/CIA.S138535. PMID: 29180859Free PMC Article
Diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia: expert panel recommendations.
Verbalis JG, Goldsmith SR, Greenberg A, Korzelius C, Schrier RW, Sterns RH, Thompson CJ
Am J Med 2013 Oct;126(10 Suppl 1):S1-42. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.07.006. PMID: 24074529
Treatment of hyponatremia.
Gross P
Intern Med 2008;47(10):885-91. Epub 2008 May 15 doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.47.0918. PMID: 18480571

Prognosis

Pituitary and SARS CoV-2: An unremitting conundrum.
Capatina C, Poiana C, Fleseriu M
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023 Jul;37(4):101752. Epub 2023 Feb 27 doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2023.101752. PMID: 36878774Free PMC Article
Time-dependent association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and hospitalization due to hyponatremia.
Mannheimer B, Falhammar H, Calissendorff J, Skov J, Lindh JD
J Psychopharmacol 2021 Aug;35(8):928-933. Epub 2021 Apr 16 doi: 10.1177/02698811211001082. PMID: 33860708Free PMC Article
Is There a Relationship between COVID-19 and Hyponatremia?
Gheorghe G, Ilie M, Bungau S, Stoian AMP, Bacalbasa N, Diaconu CC
Medicina (Kaunas) 2021 Jan 9;57(1) doi: 10.3390/medicina57010055. PMID: 33435405Free PMC Article
Hyponatremia in the elderly: challenges and solutions.
Filippatos TD, Makri A, Elisaf MS, Liamis G
Clin Interv Aging 2017;12:1957-1965. Epub 2017 Nov 14 doi: 10.2147/CIA.S138535. PMID: 29180859Free PMC Article
Hyponatremia in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Practical Management Protocol.
Rajagopal R, Swaminathan G, Nair S, Joseph M
World Neurosurg 2017 Dec;108:529-533. Epub 2017 Sep 9 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.09.013. PMID: 28899834

Clinical prediction guides

Clinical efficacy of urea treatment in syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.
Perelló-Camacho E, Pomares-Gómez FJ, López-Penabad L, Mirete-López RM, Pinedo-Esteban MR, Domínguez-Escribano JR
Sci Rep 2022 Jun 17;12(1):10266. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-14387-4. PMID: 35715573Free PMC Article
Hyponatremia in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Practical Management Protocol.
Rajagopal R, Swaminathan G, Nair S, Joseph M
World Neurosurg 2017 Dec;108:529-533. Epub 2017 Sep 9 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.09.013. PMID: 28899834
Ten pitfalls in the proper management of patients with hyponatremia.
Filippatos TD, Liamis G, Elisaf MS
Postgrad Med 2016 Jun;128(5):516-22. Epub 2016 May 24 doi: 10.1080/00325481.2016.1186488. PMID: 27153450
Tolvaptan.
Plosker GL
Drugs 2010 Mar 5;70(4):443-54. doi: 10.2165/11204630-000000000-00000. PMID: 20205486
Hyponatremia-induced osteoporosis.
Verbalis JG, Barsony J, Sugimura Y, Tian Y, Adams DJ, Carter EA, Resnick HE
J Bone Miner Res 2010 Mar;25(3):554-63. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.090827. PMID: 19751154Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Ectopic olfactory neuroblastoma is associated with increased frequency of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and reduced disease control: Case series with systematic review and pooled analysis.
Daloiso A, Gaudioso P, Vinciguerra A, Turri-Zanoni M, Testa G, Cazzador D, Lambertoni A, Arosio AD, Contro G, Taboni S, Rampinelli V, Piazza C, Bignami M, Emanuelli E, Battaglia P, Bossi P, Herman P, Castelnuovo P, Hanna EY, Nicolai P, Mattavelli D, Ferrari M
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2025 Jan;15(1):45-67. Epub 2024 Dec 11 doi: 10.1002/alr.23502. PMID: 39661032Free PMC Article
Sodium and water perturbations in patients who had an acute stroke: clinical relevance and management strategies for the neurologist.
Yuen KCJ, Sharf V, Smith E, Kim M, Yuen ASM, MacDonald PR
Stroke Vasc Neurol 2022 Jun;7(3):258-266. Epub 2021 Dec 30 doi: 10.1136/svn-2021-001230. PMID: 34969834Free PMC Article
Preeclampsia and low sodium (PALS): A case and systematic review.
Powel JE, Rosenthal E, Roman A, Chasen ST, Berghella V
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020 Jun;249:14-20. Epub 2020 Apr 8 doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.03.052. PMID: 32344245
A systematic review of effects and complications after transsphenoidal pituitary surgery: endoscopic versus microscopic approach.
Li K, Zhang J, Wang XS, Ye X, Zhao YL
Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol 2020 Dec;29(6):317-325. Epub 2019 Sep 8 doi: 10.1080/13645706.2019.1660369. PMID: 31495241
Hyponatremia, fluid-electrolyte disorders, and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion: diagnosis and treatment options.
Siragy HM
Endocr Pract 2006 Jul-Aug;12(4):446-57. doi: 10.4158/EP.12.4.446. PMID: 16901803

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