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Nails, Malformed

MedGen UID:
6514
•Concept ID:
C0027344
•
Anatomical Abnormality
Synonyms: Malformed Nail; Malformed Nails; Nail, Malformed

Definition

Deformities in nail structure or appearance, including hypertrophy, splitting, clubbing, furrowing, etc. Genetic diseases such as PACHYONYCHIA CONGENITA can result in malformed nails. [from MeSH]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVNails, Malformed

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Review of Nail Lichen Planus: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Gupta MK, Lipner SR
Dermatol Clin 2021 Apr;39(2):221-230. Epub 2021 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.det.2020.12.002. PMID: 33745635
Temple syndrome and Kagami-Ogata syndrome: clinical presentations, genotypes, models and mechanisms.
Prasasya R, Grotheer KV, Siracusa LD, Bartolomei MS
Hum Mol Genet 2020 Sep 30;29(R1):R107-R116. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa133. PMID: 32592473Free PMC Article
Onychotillomania: Diagnosis and Management.
Halteh P, Scher RK, Lipner SR
Am J Clin Dermatol 2017 Dec;18(6):763-770. doi: 10.1007/s40257-017-0289-6. PMID: 28488241

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Common diseases of the nail: Diagnosis and therapy.
Löser CR, Nenoff P, Mainusch O, Dippel E, Balakirski G
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021 Dec;19(12):1761-1775. Epub 2021 Dec 4 doi: 10.1111/ddg.14627. PMID: 34862725
Review of Nail Lichen Planus: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Gupta MK, Lipner SR
Dermatol Clin 2021 Apr;39(2):221-230. Epub 2021 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.det.2020.12.002. PMID: 33745635
A Review of Nail Dystrophies for the Practitioner.
Bloom A, Blanken B, Schlakman B, Arena T, Mironov Z, Vlahovic TC
Adv Skin Wound Care 2020 Jan;33(1):20-26. doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000613536.27194.3c. PMID: 31856029
Twenty-Nail Dystrophy: Revisited.
Sehgal VN, Chatterjee K, Malhotra S
Skinmed 2018;16(2):119. Epub 2018 Apr 1 PMID: 29911530
Diagnosis using nail matrix.
Richert B, Caucanas M, André J
Dermatol Clin 2015 Apr;33(2):243-55. Epub 2015 Feb 21 doi: 10.1016/j.det.2014.12.005. PMID: 25828714

Diagnosis

Congenital nail abnormalities.
Nahmani L, Fitoussi F
Hand Surg Rehabil 2024 Apr;43S:101527. doi: 10.1016/j.hansur.2023.01.011. PMID: 38879228
Leukonychia: What Can White Nails Tell Us?
Iorizzo M, Starace M, Pasch MC
Am J Clin Dermatol 2022 Mar;23(2):177-193. Epub 2022 Feb 2 doi: 10.1007/s40257-022-00671-6. PMID: 35112320Free PMC Article
Review of Nail Lichen Planus: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Gupta MK, Lipner SR
Dermatol Clin 2021 Apr;39(2):221-230. Epub 2021 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.det.2020.12.002. PMID: 33745635
Onychotillomania: Diagnosis and Management.
Halteh P, Scher RK, Lipner SR
Am J Clin Dermatol 2017 Dec;18(6):763-770. doi: 10.1007/s40257-017-0289-6. PMID: 28488241
Nail surgery.
Haneke E
Clin Dermatol 2013 Sep-Oct;31(5):516-25. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.06.012. PMID: 24079580

Therapy

Review of Nail Lichen Planus: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
Gupta MK, Lipner SR
Dermatol Clin 2021 Apr;39(2):221-230. Epub 2021 Feb 10 doi: 10.1016/j.det.2020.12.002. PMID: 33745635
Beau's lines.
Jandial A, Mishra K, Prakash G, Malhotra P
BMJ Case Rep 2018 Mar 28;2018 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-224978. PMID: 29593008Free PMC Article
Onychotillomania: Diagnosis and Management.
Halteh P, Scher RK, Lipner SR
Am J Clin Dermatol 2017 Dec;18(6):763-770. doi: 10.1007/s40257-017-0289-6. PMID: 28488241
Doxorubicin-induced hyperpigmentation.
Abbasi NR, Wang N
Dermatol Online J 2008 Oct 15;14(10):18. PMID: 19061617
Pediatric nail disorders.
Lembach L
Clin Podiatr Med Surg 2004 Oct;21(4):641-50. doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2004.05.014. PMID: 15450903

Prognosis

A Review of Nail Dystrophies for the Practitioner.
Bloom A, Blanken B, Schlakman B, Arena T, Mironov Z, Vlahovic TC
Adv Skin Wound Care 2020 Jan;33(1):20-26. doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000613536.27194.3c. PMID: 31856029
Twenty-Nail Dystrophy: Revisited.
Sehgal VN, Chatterjee K, Malhotra S
Skinmed 2018;16(2):119. Epub 2018 Apr 1 PMID: 29911530
Complex regional pain syndrome: a review.
Field J
J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2013 Jul;38(6):616-26. Epub 2013 Jan 22 doi: 10.1177/1753193412471021. PMID: 23340755
Craniofrontonasal dysplasia.
Kapusta L, Brunner HG, Hamel BC
Eur J Pediatr 1992 Nov;151(11):837-41. doi: 10.1007/BF01957936. PMID: 1468459
Psoriatic arthritis.
Moll JM, Wright V
Semin Arthritis Rheum 1973;3(1):55-78. doi: 10.1016/0049-0172(73)90035-8. PMID: 4581554

Clinical prediction guides

Nails in systemic disease.
Singh G
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2011 Nov-Dec;77(6):646-51. doi: 10.4103/0378-6323.86472. PMID: 22016270
The nail in the elderly.
Baran R
Clin Dermatol 2011 Jan-Feb;29(1):54-60. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.07.008. PMID: 21146733
Critical illness onychomadesis.
Wester JP, van Eps RS, Stouthamer A, Girbes AR
Intensive Care Med 2000 Nov;26(11):1698-700. doi: 10.1007/s001340000679. PMID: 11193280
Craniofrontonasal dysplasia.
Kapusta L, Brunner HG, Hamel BC
Eur J Pediatr 1992 Nov;151(11):837-41. doi: 10.1007/BF01957936. PMID: 1468459
Clubbing and koilonychia.
Stone OJ
Dermatol Clin 1985 Jul;3(3):485-90. PMID: 3830509

Recent systematic reviews

Beau's Lines and Onychomadesis: A Systematic Review of Characteristics and Aetiology.
Kim BR, Yu DA, Lee SR, Lim SS, Mun JH
Acta Derm Venereol 2023 Oct 30;103:adv18251. doi: 10.2340/actadv.v103.18251. PMID: 37902467Free PMC Article
Hand ultrasound patterns in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis: the role of ultrasound in the differential diagnosis.
Sapundzhieva T, Karalilova R, Batalov A
Rheumatol Int 2020 Jun;40(6):837-848. Epub 2020 Mar 24 doi: 10.1007/s00296-020-04559-8. PMID: 32211929
A systematic review of reported cases of pachyonychia congenita tarda.
Tatiane A, Slape D, Lawless R, Frew JW
Clin Exp Dermatol 2019 Aug;44(6):606-612. Epub 2019 May 10 doi: 10.1111/ced.13980. PMID: 31074523

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