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Necrotizing fasciitis

MedGen UID:
66763
•Concept ID:
C0238124
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Fasciitides, Necrotizing; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Fascitides, Necrotizing; Fascitis, Necrotizing; Necrotizing Fasciitides; Necrotizing Fasciitis; Necrotizing Fascitides; Necrotizing Fascitis
SNOMED CT: Necrotizing fasciitis (52486002)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0004835

Definition

Infection of the deep skin and subcutaneous tissues and necrosis of the fascia. It is caused by bacteria including group A streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens. It may develop following trauma and invasive procedures. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVNecrotizing fasciitis

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Evaluation and Management of Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections.
Bonne SL, Kadri SS
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2017 Sep;31(3):497-511. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2017.05.011. PMID: 28779832Free PMC Article
Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft tissue infections: 2014 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
Stevens DL, Bisno AL, Chambers HF, Dellinger EP, Goldstein EJ, Gorbach SL, Hirschmann JV, Kaplan SL, Montoya JG, Wade JC; Infectious Diseases Society of America
Clin Infect Dis 2014 Jul 15;59(2):e10-52. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu444. PMID: 24973422
Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft tissue infections: 2014 update by the infectious diseases society of America.
Stevens DL, Bisno AL, Chambers HF, Dellinger EP, Goldstein EJ, Gorbach SL, Hirschmann JV, Kaplan SL, Montoya JG, Wade JC
Clin Infect Dis 2014 Jul 15;59(2):147-59. Epub 2014 Jun 18 doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu296. PMID: 24947530

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Necrotizing fasciitis: an update on epidemiology, diagnostic methods, and treatment.
Allaw F, Wehbe S, Kanj SS
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2024 Apr 1;37(2):105-111. Epub 2023 Nov 30 doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000988. PMID: 38037890
Malice in Chains.
Osowicki J, Nizet V
J Infect Dis 2023 May 12;227(10):1117-1118. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad035. PMID: 36748315
Necrotizing fasciitis a review.
Salati SA
Pol Przegl Chir 2022 Feb 23;95(2):1-8. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.7676. PMID: 36805313
Early diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis.
Goh T, Goh LG, Ang CH, Wong CH
Br J Surg 2014 Jan;101(1):e119-25. Epub 2013 Nov 29 doi: 10.1002/bjs.9371. PMID: 24338771
Necrotising fasciitis.
Sultan HY, Boyle AA, Sheppard N
BMJ 2012 Jul 20;345:e4274. doi: 10.1136/bmj.e4274. PMID: 22822005

Diagnosis

Cervical Necrotizing Fasciitis.
Şahin S
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2023;56:e03792023. Epub 2023 Sep 22 doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0379-2023. PMID: 37792843Free PMC Article
Necrotizing fasciitis a review.
Salati SA
Pol Przegl Chir 2022 Feb 23;95(2):1-8. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.7676. PMID: 36805313
Periorbital Necrotizing Fasciitis.
Kakimoto S, Harada Y, Shimizu T
J Gen Intern Med 2022 Jun;37(8):2086-2087. Epub 2022 Mar 18 doi: 10.1007/s11606-022-07484-7. PMID: 35304696Free PMC Article
Necrotizing fasciitis.
Chauhan A, Wigton MD, Palmer BA
J Hand Surg Am 2014 Aug;39(8):1598-601; quiz 1602. Epub 2014 May 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2014.04.010. PMID: 24861383
Necrotising fasciitis.
Sultan HY, Boyle AA, Sheppard N
BMJ 2012 Jul 20;345:e4274. doi: 10.1136/bmj.e4274. PMID: 22822005

Therapy

Assessment and management of necrotizing fasciitis.
Jones EJ, Drew PJ
Br J Surg 2024 Aug 30;111(9) doi: 10.1093/bjs/znae204. PMID: 39268629
Necrotizing fasciitis: an update on epidemiology, diagnostic methods, and treatment.
Allaw F, Wehbe S, Kanj SS
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2024 Apr 1;37(2):105-111. Epub 2023 Nov 30 doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000988. PMID: 38037890
Necrotizing fasciitis.
Ragaisis T, Breunig M
JAAPA 2020 Sep;33(9):50-52. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000695004.69613.73. PMID: 32841980
Early diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis.
Goh T, Goh LG, Ang CH, Wong CH
Br J Surg 2014 Jan;101(1):e119-25. Epub 2013 Nov 29 doi: 10.1002/bjs.9371. PMID: 24338771
The LRINEC (Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis) score: a tool for distinguishing necrotizing fasciitis from other soft tissue infections.
Wong CH, Khin LW, Heng KS, Tan KC, Low CO
Crit Care Med 2004 Jul;32(7):1535-41. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000129486.35458.7d. PMID: 15241098

Prognosis

Effectiveness of clindamycin and intravenous immunoglobulin, and risk of disease in contacts, in invasive group a streptococcal infections.
Carapetis JR, Jacoby P, Carville K, Ang SJ, Curtis N, Andrews R
Clin Infect Dis 2014 Aug 1;59(3):358-65. Epub 2014 Apr 29 doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu304. PMID: 24785239
Necrotizing fasciitis.
Bellapianta JM, Ljungquist K, Tobin E, Uhl R
J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2009 Mar;17(3):174-82. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200903000-00006. PMID: 19264710
Necrotizing fasciitis: clinical presentation, microbiology, and determinants of mortality.
Wong CH, Chang HC, Pasupathy S, Khin LW, Tan JL, Low CO
J Bone Joint Surg Am 2003 Aug;85(8):1454-60. PMID: 12925624
Necrotizing fasciitis.
Thurber GM, Brantley SK Jr, Das SK
J Miss State Med Assoc 1991 Jul;32(7):259-64. PMID: 1942020
NECROTIZING FASCITIS.
CROSTHWAIT RW Jr, CROSTHWAIT RW, JORDAN GL Jr
J Trauma 1964 Mar;4:149-57. doi: 10.1097/00005373-196403000-00001. PMID: 14151147

Clinical prediction guides

Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections: A Review.
McDermott J, Kao LS, Keeley JA, Grigorian A, Neville A, de Virgilio C
JAMA Surg 2024 Nov 1;159(11):1308-1315. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2024.3365. PMID: 39259555
Necrotizing skin and soft-tissue infections in the intensive care unit.
Peetermans M, de Prost N, Eckmann C, Norrby-Teglund A, Skrede S, De Waele JJ
Clin Microbiol Infect 2020 Jan;26(1):8-17. Epub 2019 Jul 5 doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.06.031. PMID: 31284035
Approach to the Patient with Disproportionate Pain.
Patterson DC, Grelsamer RP
Bull Hosp Jt Dis (2013) 2018 Jun;76(2):123-132. PMID: 29799372
Effectiveness of clindamycin and intravenous immunoglobulin, and risk of disease in contacts, in invasive group a streptococcal infections.
Carapetis JR, Jacoby P, Carville K, Ang SJ, Curtis N, Andrews R
Clin Infect Dis 2014 Aug 1;59(3):358-65. Epub 2014 Apr 29 doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu304. PMID: 24785239
The LRINEC (Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis) score: a tool for distinguishing necrotizing fasciitis from other soft tissue infections.
Wong CH, Khin LW, Heng KS, Tan KC, Low CO
Crit Care Med 2004 Jul;32(7):1535-41. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000129486.35458.7d. PMID: 15241098

Recent systematic reviews

Water birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis of maternal and neonatal outcomes.
McKinney JA, Vilchez G, Jowers A, Atchoo A, Lin L, Kaunitz AM, Lewis KE, Sanchez-Ramos L
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024 Mar;230(3S):S961-S979.e33. Epub 2024 Jan 9 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.08.034. PMID: 38462266
The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the clinical outcomes of necrotizing soft tissue infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Huang C, Zhong Y, Yue C, He B, Li Y, Li J
World J Emerg Surg 2023 Mar 25;18(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s13017-023-00490-y. PMID: 36966323Free PMC Article
The Skin-Sparing Debridement Technique in Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infections: A Systematic Review.
Suijker J, Zheng KJ, Pijpe A, Nasroe F, Meij-de Vries A
J Surg Res 2021 Aug;264:296-308. Epub 2021 Apr 9 doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.03.001. PMID: 33845413
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection: Diagnostic Accuracy of Physical Examination, Imaging, and LRINEC Score: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Fernando SM, Tran A, Cheng W, Rochwerg B, Kyeremanteng K, Seely AJE, Inaba K, Perry JJ
Ann Surg 2019 Jan;269(1):58-65. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002774. PMID: 29672405
Early diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis.
Goh T, Goh LG, Ang CH, Wong CH
Br J Surg 2014 Jan;101(1):e119-25. Epub 2013 Nov 29 doi: 10.1002/bjs.9371. PMID: 24338771

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