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Typhlitis

MedGen UID:
82756
•Concept ID:
C0267537
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Cecitis
SNOMED CT: Typhlitis (61564002); Cecitis (61564002)

Definition

Inflammation of the cecum, usually accompanied by neutropenia. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVTyphlitis

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diagnosis and Management of Typhlitis and Neutropenic Enterocolitis in Children with Cancer.
Cross SJ, Patel JR, Wolf J
Pediatr Infect Dis J 2022 Aug 1;41(8):e326-e328. Epub 2022 Jul 13 doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003556. PMID: 35421049
Clostridium difficile colitis: CT findings and differential diagnosis.
Guerri S, Danti G, Frezzetti G, Lucarelli E, Pradella S, Miele V
Radiol Med 2019 Dec;124(12):1185-1198. Epub 2019 Jul 13 doi: 10.1007/s11547-019-01066-0. PMID: 31302848
Management of uncommon chemotherapy-induced emergencies.
Morgan C, Tillett T, Braybrooke J, Ajithkumar T
Lancet Oncol 2011 Aug;12(8):806-14. Epub 2011 Jan 26 doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(10)70208-4. PMID: 21276754

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Polatuzumab vedotin with infusional chemotherapy for untreated aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
Lynch RC, Poh C, Ujjani CS, Warren EH, Smith SD, Shadman M, Morris K, Lee S, Rasmussen H, Ottemiller S, Shelby M, Keo S, Verni K, Kurtz DM, Alizadeh AA, Chabon JJ, Hogan GJ, Schulz A, Gooley T, Voutsinas JM, Gopal AK
Blood Adv 2023 Jun 13;7(11):2449-2458. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022009145. PMID: 36521030Free PMC Article
A surgeon's predicament: Clinical predictors of surgery and mortality in neutropenic enterocolitis.
Shahi N, Kaizer A, Stevens J, Phillips R, Acker SN, Choi YM, Shirek G, Bensard D, Bruny J, Dannull K, Moulton SL
J Pediatr Surg 2022 Mar;57(3):443-449. Epub 2021 Sep 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.08.015. PMID: 34635341
Pharmacogenetic impact of docetaxel on neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer patients.
Sim S, Bergh J, Hellström M, Hatschek T, Xie H
Pharmacogenomics 2018 Nov;19(16):1259-1268. Epub 2018 Sep 10 doi: 10.2217/pgs-2018-0080. PMID: 30196760
Neutropenic enterocolitis.
Davila ML
Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2006 Jan;22(1):44-7. doi: 10.1097/01.mog.0000198073.14169.3b. PMID: 16319675
Diagnosis and treatment of colonic disease in AIDS.
Mönkemüller KE, Wilcox CM
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 1998 Oct;8(4):889-911. doi: 10.1016/S1052-5157(18)30238-1. PMID: 9730938Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Bowel Emergencies in Patients With Cancer.
Hughes H, Jajodia A, Soyer P, Mellnick V, Patlas MN
Can Assoc Radiol J 2025 Feb;76(1):76-86. Epub 2024 May 9 doi: 10.1177/08465371241252035. PMID: 38721789
Pediatric Hematologic and Oncologic Emergencies.
Stephanos K, Dubbs SB
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2021 Aug;39(3):555-571. Epub 2021 Jun 9 doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2021.04.007. PMID: 34215402
Pediatric Oncologic Emergencies.
Stephanos K, Picard L
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2018 Aug;36(3):527-535. Epub 2018 Jun 11 doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2018.04.007. PMID: 30037439
Neutropenic enterocolitis.
Rodrigues FG, Dasilva G, Wexner SD
World J Gastroenterol 2017 Jan 7;23(1):42-47. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i1.42. PMID: 28104979Free PMC Article
Acute Infectious and Inflammatory Enterocolitides.
Baker ME
Radiol Clin North Am 2015 Nov;53(6):1255-71. Epub 2015 Aug 12 doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2015.06.010. PMID: 26526437

Therapy

Pediatric Hematologic and Oncologic Emergencies.
Stephanos K, Dubbs SB
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2021 Aug;39(3):555-571. Epub 2021 Jun 9 doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2021.04.007. PMID: 34215402
Neutropenic enterocolitis.
Rodrigues FG, Dasilva G, Wexner SD
World J Gastroenterol 2017 Jan 7;23(1):42-47. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i1.42. PMID: 28104979Free PMC Article
"Typhlitis" in rectum.
Ozgen U, Uzüm I, Mizrak B, Saraç K
Pediatr Int 2010 Feb;52(1):e32-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2009.02989.x. PMID: 20158643
Neutropenic enterocolitis.
Davila ML
Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2006 Jan;22(1):44-7. doi: 10.1097/01.mog.0000198073.14169.3b. PMID: 16319675
Diagnosis and treatment of colonic disease in AIDS.
Mönkemüller KE, Wilcox CM
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 1998 Oct;8(4):889-911. doi: 10.1016/S1052-5157(18)30238-1. PMID: 9730938Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Pediatric Hematologic and Oncologic Emergencies.
Stephanos K, Dubbs SB
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2021 Aug;39(3):555-571. Epub 2021 Jun 9 doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2021.04.007. PMID: 34215402
Pediatric Oncologic Emergencies.
Stephanos K, Picard L
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2018 Aug;36(3):527-535. Epub 2018 Jun 11 doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2018.04.007. PMID: 30037439
Neutropenic enterocolitis.
Davila ML
Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2006 Jan;22(1):44-7. doi: 10.1097/01.mog.0000198073.14169.3b. PMID: 16319675
Typhlitis.
Urbach DR, Rotstein OD
Can J Surg 1999 Dec;42(6):415-9. PMID: 10593241Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and treatment of colonic disease in AIDS.
Mönkemüller KE, Wilcox CM
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 1998 Oct;8(4):889-911. doi: 10.1016/S1052-5157(18)30238-1. PMID: 9730938Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Polatuzumab vedotin with infusional chemotherapy for untreated aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
Lynch RC, Poh C, Ujjani CS, Warren EH, Smith SD, Shadman M, Morris K, Lee S, Rasmussen H, Ottemiller S, Shelby M, Keo S, Verni K, Kurtz DM, Alizadeh AA, Chabon JJ, Hogan GJ, Schulz A, Gooley T, Voutsinas JM, Gopal AK
Blood Adv 2023 Jun 13;7(11):2449-2458. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022009145. PMID: 36521030Free PMC Article
Automated Ascertainment of Typhlitis From the Electronic Health Record.
Miller TP, Li Y, Masino AJ, Vallee E, Burrows E, Ramos M, Alonzo TA, Gerbing R, Castellino SM, Hawkins DS, Lash TL, Aplenc R, Grundmeier RW
JCO Clin Cancer Inform 2022 Sep;6:e2200081. doi: 10.1200/CCI.22.00081. PMID: 36198128Free PMC Article
Differential Requirements for IL-17A and IL-22 in Cecal versus Colonic Inflammation Induced by Helicobacter hepaticus.
Morrison PJ, Ballantyne SJ, Macdonald SJ, Moore JW, Jenkins D, Wright JF, Fouser LA, Kullberg MC
Am J Pathol 2015 Dec;185(12):3290-303. Epub 2015 Oct 14 doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.08.015. PMID: 26458765Free PMC Article
Systemic macrophage depletion inhibits Helicobacter bilis-induced proinflammatory cytokine-mediated typhlocolitis and impairs bacterial colonization dynamics in a BALB/c Rag2-/- mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease.
Muthupalani S, Ge Z, Feng Y, Rickman B, Mobley M, McCabe A, Van Rooijen N, Fox JG
Infect Immun 2012 Dec;80(12):4388-97. Epub 2012 Oct 1 doi: 10.1128/IAI.00530-12. PMID: 23027534Free PMC Article
Laparoscopic resection with transcolonic specimen extraction for ileocaecal Crohn's disease.
Eshuis EJ, Voermans RP, Stokkers PC, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Fockens P, Bemelman WA
Br J Surg 2010 Apr;97(4):569-74. doi: 10.1002/bjs.6932. PMID: 20155789

Recent systematic reviews

Neutropenic Enterocolitis and Sepsis: Towards the Definition of a Pathologic Profile.
Bertozzi G, Maiese A, Passaro G, Tosoni A, Mirijello A, Simone S, Baldari B, Cipolloni L, La Russa R
Medicina (Kaunas) 2021 Jun 20;57(6) doi: 10.3390/medicina57060638. PMID: 34203105Free PMC Article

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