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Emaciated

MedGen UID:
8585
•Concept ID:
C0013911
•
Sign or Symptom
Synonyms: Emaciation; Emaciations
SNOMED CT: Emaciated (371597004); Emaciated build (371597004)

Definition

An extreme loss of muscle and subcutaneous fat that is caused by malnutrition, and which results in a severely thin (emaciated) appearance. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVEmaciated

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Obturator hernia: anatomy, embryology, diagnosis, and treatment.
Petrie A, Tubbs RS, Matusz P, Shaffer K, Loukas M
Clin Anat 2011 Jul;24(5):562-9. Epub 2011 Feb 14 doi: 10.1002/ca.21097. PMID: 21322061
Review article: recognition and treatment of eating disorders in primary and secondary care.
Robinson PH
Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000 Apr;14(4):367-77. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00725.x. PMID: 10759615
Eating disorders: assessment and treatment.
Johnson WG, Schlundt DG
Clin Obstet Gynecol 1985 Sep;28(3):598-614. doi: 10.1097/00003081-198528030-00016. PMID: 3863731

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Identification of Wernicke Encephalopathy in a Patient Presenting With Altered Mental Status and Dehydration.
Hernandez L, Brockman T, Mehta T
WMJ 2022 Apr;121(1):E10-E14. PMID: 35442587
"Glass fairies" and "bone children": adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa show positive reactions towards extremely emaciated body pictures measured by the startle reflex paradigm.
Reichel VA, Schneider N, Grünewald B, Kienast T, Pfeiffer E, Lehmkuhl U, Korte A
Psychophysiology 2014 Feb;51(2):168-77. Epub 2013 Nov 11 doi: 10.1111/psyp.12160. PMID: 24423135
Ditch the pinch: bilateral exposure injuries during subcutaneous injection.
Black L
Am J Infect Control 2013 Sep;41(9):815-9. Epub 2013 Feb 7 doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.10.017. PMID: 23394858
Obturator hernia presenting as small bowel obstruction.
Lo CY, Lorentz TG, Lau PW
Am J Surg 1994 Apr;167(4):396-8. doi: 10.1016/0002-9610(94)90123-6. PMID: 8179083
Anorexia, a recessive mutation causing starvation in preweanling mice.
Maltais LJ, Lane PW, Beamer WG
J Hered 1984 Nov-Dec;75(6):468-72. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a109987. PMID: 6595305

Diagnosis

A case of sudden cardiac death due to mitochondrial disease.
Yoshida K, Sato H, Kimura S, Tanaka T, Kasai K
Leg Med (Tokyo) 2022 Mar;55:102026. Epub 2022 Jan 22 doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2022.102026. PMID: 35114567
COVID-19 Pandemic and Infertility: Gynecological Dilemma from an Indian Perspective.
Sarkar A, Saha PK, Arora A
Reprod Sci 2021 Apr;28(4):1020-1022. Epub 2021 Feb 5 doi: 10.1007/s43032-021-00474-w. PMID: 33544338Free PMC Article
Acute appendicitis within an obturator hernia.
Mitchell DE, Yunaev M
BMJ Case Rep 2015 Sep 25;2015 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2015-211416. PMID: 26409006Free PMC Article
Nystagmus in an Emaciated Infant.
Dhannawat SS, Rao AA, Brodsky MC
JAMA Ophthalmol 2015 Nov;133(11):1349-50. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2015.1940. PMID: 26313853
Management of protozoal diarrhoea in HIV disease.
Miao YM, Gazzard BG
HIV Med 2000 Oct;1(4):194-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1468-1293.2000.00028.x. PMID: 11737348

Therapy

An exposed Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device (CIED) complicated with infection: A case report of unconventional experience with 'Sealed CIED'.
Mohd Said MR, Gian Singh SS, Chea CY, Mohd Firdaus MAB, Narasamuloo KR, Krishinan S
Med J Malaysia 2022 Jan;77(1):119-120. PMID: 35087011
Nystagmus in an Emaciated Infant.
Dhannawat SS, Rao AA, Brodsky MC
JAMA Ophthalmol 2015 Nov;133(11):1349-50. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2015.1940. PMID: 26313853
Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: surgical management.
Smith L, Collins JF, Morris M, Teele RL
Am J Kidney Dis 1997 Mar;29(3):456-60. doi: 10.1016/s0272-6386(97)90210-9. PMID: 9041225
Gastrointestinal manifestations of HIV infection.
Sharpstone D, Gazzard B
Lancet 1996 Aug 10;348(9024):379-83. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(96)01034-3. PMID: 8709738Free PMC Article
Medical treatment of ulcerative colitis: scoring the advances.
Hawkey CJ, Hawthorne AB
Gut 1988 Oct;29(10):1298-303. doi: 10.1136/gut.29.10.1298. PMID: 3058554Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Misread and mistaken: Étienne Lancereaux's enduring legacy in the classification of diabetes mellitus.
Wright JR Jr, McIntyre L
J Med Biogr 2022 Feb;30(1):15-20. Epub 2020 Apr 13 doi: 10.1177/0967772020914797. PMID: 32279606
Drug Dosing Recommendations for All Patients: A Roadmap for Change.
Powell JR, Cook J, Wang Y, Peck R, Weiner D
Clin Pharmacol Ther 2021 Jan;109(1):65-72. Epub 2020 Jul 12 doi: 10.1002/cpt.1923. PMID: 32453862Free PMC Article
Appendicitis in an obturator hernia.
Camerlinck M, Vanhoenacker F, De Vuyst D, Quanten I
Abdom Imaging 2011 Apr;36(2):170-3. doi: 10.1007/s00261-010-9631-7. PMID: 20532882
Suicide in the Soviet Gulag camps.
Krysinska K, Lester D
Arch Suicide Res 2008;12(2):170-9. doi: 10.1080/13811110701857541. PMID: 18340600
Failure of a feeding jejunostomy.
Opeskin K, Lee KA
Med Sci Law 1993 Jul;33(3):263-6. doi: 10.1177/002580249303300314. PMID: 8366791

Clinical prediction guides

A case of sudden cardiac death due to mitochondrial disease.
Yoshida K, Sato H, Kimura S, Tanaka T, Kasai K
Leg Med (Tokyo) 2022 Mar;55:102026. Epub 2022 Jan 22 doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2022.102026. PMID: 35114567
Misread and mistaken: Étienne Lancereaux's enduring legacy in the classification of diabetes mellitus.
Wright JR Jr, McIntyre L
J Med Biogr 2022 Feb;30(1):15-20. Epub 2020 Apr 13 doi: 10.1177/0967772020914797. PMID: 32279606
Increasing fatal AA amyloidosis in hunting falcons and how to identify the risk: a report from the United Arab Emirates.
Hampel MR, Kinne J, Wernery U, Pospischil A, Kellermann J, Linke RP
Amyloid 2009;16(3):122-32. doi: 10.1080/13506120903090759. PMID: 19657764
Medical treatment of ulcerative colitis: scoring the advances.
Hawkey CJ, Hawthorne AB
Gut 1988 Oct;29(10):1298-303. doi: 10.1136/gut.29.10.1298. PMID: 3058554Free PMC Article
Left ventricular enlargement.
Gruber JE
J Emerg Med 1985;3(1):37-9. doi: 10.1016/0736-4679(85)90218-5. PMID: 2936795

Recent systematic reviews

Mycobacteriosis in wild birds: the potential risk of disseminating a little-known infectious disease.
Soler D, Brieva C, Ribón W
Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) 2009 Jan-Feb;11(1):134-44. doi: 10.1590/s0124-00642009000100014. PMID: 19721987

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