U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Links from PMC

Substance dependence

MedGen UID:
20989
Concept ID:
C0038580
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonyms: Addiction, Substance; Chemical Dependence; Chemical Dependences; Dependence, Chemical; Dependence, Substance; Dependences, Chemical; Substance Addiction; Substance Dependence
SNOMED CT: Substance dependence (1254812006)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0004938

Definition

The psychological or physiological need to take a substance in order to experience its effects or to avoid the effects of its absence. [from MONDO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Howes OD, Thase ME, Pillinger T
Mol Psychiatry 2022 Jan;27(1):58-72. Epub 2021 Jul 13 doi: 10.1038/s41380-021-01200-3. PMID: 34257409Free PMC Article
Dubey S, Biswas P, Ghosh R, Chatterjee S, Dubey MJ, Chatterjee S, Lahiri D, Lavie CJ
Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020 Sep-Oct;14(5):779-788. Epub 2020 May 27 doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.035. PMID: 32526627Free PMC Article
Lam LC, Wong CS, Wang MJ, Chan WC, Chen EY, Ng RM, Hung SF, Cheung EF, Sham PC, Chiu HF, Lam M, Chang WC, Lee EH, Chiang TP, Lau JT, van Os J, Lewis G, Bebbington P
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2015 Sep;50(9):1379-88. Epub 2015 Feb 8 doi: 10.1007/s00127-015-1014-5. PMID: 25660760

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Al-Qurayshi Z, Rossi-Meyer M, Shama MA, Williams AM, Bayon R, Kandil E
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2023 Jun;132(6):614-621. Epub 2022 Jun 29 doi: 10.1177/00034894221105975. PMID: 35766624
Koopowitz SM, Cotton SM, Uhlmann A, Thomas KGF, Stein DJ
Psychiatry Res 2022 Nov;317:114820. Epub 2022 Aug 31 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114820. PMID: 36075151
Gosek P, Kotowska J, Rowińska-Garbień E, Bartczak D, Heitzman J
Psychiatry Res 2021 Apr;298:113771. Epub 2021 Jan 29 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113771. PMID: 33647704
Millar L
Prim Dent J 2015 May;4(2):49-54. PMID: 26556258
Nakhaie M, Tsai A
Anesthesiol Clin 2015 Sep;33(3):471-80. Epub 2015 Jul 7 doi: 10.1016/j.anclin.2015.05.005. PMID: 26315632

Diagnosis

Hasanović M, Kuldija A, Pajević I, Jakovljević M, Hasanović M
Psychiatr Danub 2021 Spring-Summer;33(Suppl 4):1118-1129. PMID: 35354178
Lissak G
Environ Res 2018 Jul;164:149-157. Epub 2018 Feb 27 doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.015. PMID: 29499467
Kwon M, Lee JY, Won WY, Park JW, Min JA, Hahn C, Gu X, Choi JH, Kim DJ
PLoS One 2013;8(2):e56936. Epub 2013 Feb 27 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056936. PMID: 23468893Free PMC Article
Reich T, Hinrichs A, Culverhouse R, Bierut L
Am J Hum Genet 1999 Sep;65(3):599-605. doi: 10.1086/302561. PMID: 10441565Free PMC Article
Franklin JE
JAMA 1995 Jun 7;273(21):1656-7. PMID: 7752401

Therapy

Koopowitz SM, Cotton SM, Uhlmann A, Thomas KGF, Stein DJ
Psychiatry Res 2022 Nov;317:114820. Epub 2022 Aug 31 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114820. PMID: 36075151
Abbar M, Demattei C, El-Hage W, Llorca PM, Samalin L, Demaricourt P, Gaillard R, Courtet P, Vaiva G, Gorwood P, Fabbro P, Jollant F
BMJ 2022 Feb 2;376:e067194. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-067194. PMID: 35110300Free PMC Article
Brown RB
Med Sci (Basel) 2021 Oct 30;9(4) doi: 10.3390/medsci9040067. PMID: 34842759Free PMC Article
Mejia-Lancheros C, Lachaud J, O'Campo P, Wiens K, Nisenbaum R, Wang R, Hwang SW, Stergiopoulos V
PLoS One 2020;15(2):e0229385. Epub 2020 Feb 27 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229385. PMID: 32106225Free PMC Article
Friedmann PD, Schwartz RP
Addict Sci Clin Pract 2012 Jun 9;7(1):10. doi: 10.1186/1940-0640-7-10. PMID: 23186149Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Mejia-Lancheros C, Lachaud J, O'Campo P, Wiens K, Nisenbaum R, Wang R, Hwang SW, Stergiopoulos V
PLoS One 2020;15(2):e0229385. Epub 2020 Feb 27 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229385. PMID: 32106225Free PMC Article
Peacock A, Leung J, Larney S, Colledge S, Hickman M, Rehm J, Giovino GA, West R, Hall W, Griffiths P, Ali R, Gowing L, Marsden J, Ferrari AJ, Grebely J, Farrell M, Degenhardt L
Addiction 2018 Oct;113(10):1905-1926. Epub 2018 Jun 4 doi: 10.1111/add.14234. PMID: 29749059
Moffitt TE, Arseneault L, Belsky D, Dickson N, Hancox RJ, Harrington H, Houts R, Poulton R, Roberts BW, Ross S, Sears MR, Thomson WM, Caspi A
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Feb 15;108(7):2693-8. Epub 2011 Jan 24 doi: 10.1073/pnas.1010076108. PMID: 21262822Free PMC Article
Van Gestel S, Van Broeckhoven C
Mol Psychiatry 2003 Oct;8(10):840-52. doi: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001367. PMID: 14515135
Rizvi SL, Linehan MM
Curr Psychiatry Rep 2001 Feb;3(1):64-9. doi: 10.1007/s11920-001-0075-1. PMID: 11177762

Clinical prediction guides

Mejia-Lancheros C, Lachaud J, O'Campo P, Wiens K, Nisenbaum R, Wang R, Hwang SW, Stergiopoulos V
PLoS One 2020;15(2):e0229385. Epub 2020 Feb 27 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229385. PMID: 32106225Free PMC Article
Karam A, Said A, Assaad C, Hallit S, Haddad G, Hachem D, Kazour F
Community Ment Health J 2019 May;55(4):702-708. Epub 2018 Oct 29 doi: 10.1007/s10597-018-0347-4. PMID: 30374761
Gearhardt AN, Corbin WR, Brownell KD
Psychol Addict Behav 2016 Feb;30(1):113-21. doi: 10.1037/adb0000136. PMID: 26866783
Kwon M, Lee JY, Won WY, Park JW, Min JA, Hahn C, Gu X, Choi JH, Kim DJ
PLoS One 2013;8(2):e56936. Epub 2013 Feb 27 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056936. PMID: 23468893Free PMC Article
Van Gestel S, Van Broeckhoven C
Mol Psychiatry 2003 Oct;8(10):840-52. doi: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001367. PMID: 14515135

Recent systematic reviews

Kaminski D, Reinert JP
Ann Pharmacother 2024 Aug;58(8):811-826. Epub 2023 Oct 30 doi: 10.1177/10600280231205645. PMID: 37902038
Chen T, Tan H, Lei H, Li X, Wu Q, Xu X, Ye Y, Zhong N, Du J, Jiang H, Su H, Zhao M
Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021 Sep 30;315:111329. Epub 2021 Jul 7 doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111329. PMID: 34271295
Rashid B, Calhoun V
Hum Brain Mapp 2020 Aug 15;41(12):3468-3535. Epub 2020 May 6 doi: 10.1002/hbm.25013. PMID: 32374075Free PMC Article
Coles AS, Sasiadek J, George TP
Bipolar Disord 2019 Nov;21(7):595-610. Epub 2019 May 29 doi: 10.1111/bdi.12794. PMID: 31077521
de Andrade D, Ritchie J, Rowlands M, Mann E, Hides L
Epidemiol Rev 2018 Jun 1;40(1):121-133. doi: 10.1093/epirev/mxy004. PMID: 29733373

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Recent activity

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...