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    CD86 CD86 molecule [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 942, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    CD86provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    CD86 moleculeprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:1705
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000114013 MIM:601020; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1705
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    B70; B7-2; B7.2; LAB72; CD28LG2
    Summary
    This gene encodes a type I membrane protein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is expressed by antigen-presenting cells, and it is the ligand for two proteins at the cell surface of T cells, CD28 antigen and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4. Binding of this protein with CD28 antigen is a costimulatory signal for activation of the T-cell. Binding of this protein with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 negatively regulates T-cell activation and diminishes the immune response. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants encoding different isoforms.[provided by RefSeq, May 2011]
    Expression
    Broad expression in appendix (RPKM 16.6), lymph node (RPKM 11.0) and 16 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Genomic context

    See CD86 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    3q13.33
    Exon count:
    8
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 3 NC_000003.12 (122055362..122121136)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 3 NC_060927.1 (124775351..124841114)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 3 NC_000003.11 (121774209..121839983)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene solute carrier family 15 member 2 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:121657363-121657943 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101927010 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:121711615-121712116 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 6303 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20350 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20351 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20352 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:121724759-121725260 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20353 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20354 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14638 Neighboring gene immunoglobulin like domain containing receptor 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20355 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20356 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20357 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20358 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20359 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20360 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20361 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20362 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20363 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20364 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14639 Neighboring gene calcium sensing receptor Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20365 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr3:121983934-121984035 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:122026434-122026982 Neighboring gene heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 pseudogene 23

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Genome-wide Association Study Identifies Five Susceptibility Loci for Follicular Lymphoma outside the HLA Region.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Genome-wide association study identifies multiple susceptibility loci for diffuse large B cell lymphoma.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies novel multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env The low mannose-level gp120 induces higher activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells by upregulation of IFN-alpha, PD-L1, CD40, CCR7, CD80, and CD86 than the high mannose-level gp120 does PubMed
    env HIV-1 gp120 downregulates the expression of CD86 in human B cells PubMed
    env The presence of HIV-1 gp120 inhibits the oral mucosal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced CD80, CD83, and CD86 upregulation PubMed
    Nef nef HIV-1 Nef downregulates CD86 from the cell surface in the human monocytic U937 cell line as well as in mouse macrophages and dendritic cells PubMed
    nef HIV-1 Nef co-localizes with MHC class I (MHCI), CD80, and CD86 in intracellular compartments by staining assays, and binds to both human CD80 and CD86 using yeast two-hybrid assays PubMed
    nef HIV-1 Nef binds to the cytosolic tails of CD80 and CD86 to mediate their internalization PubMed
    nef Activation and translocation of Src kinase is critical for Nef-mediated CD80 and CD86 internalization PubMed
    nef HIV-1 Nef relocates cell-surface MHC-I, CD80, and CD86 to intracellular compartments and the Nef-mediated internalization is dependent on mediators of actin polymerization PubMed
    Pr55(Gag) gag Expression of CD80, CD83, CD86, and HLA-DR molecules are significantly downregulated in mature dendritic cells after transduction with ubiquitinated Gag compared to unubiquitinated Gag constructs PubMed
    gag HIV-1 Gag virus-like particles efficiently activate human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) and induce MDDC maturation with an associated increase in the surface expression of CD80, CD86 and MHC classes I and II PubMed
    gag HIV-1 Gag virus-like particle-induced monocyte activation is shown by upregulation of molecules involved in antigen presentation (MHC II, CD80, CD86) and cell adhesion (CD54) PubMed
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates the expression of MHC and co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, CD83 and CD86 in monocyte-derived dendritic cells, thereby driving T cell-mediated immune responses PubMed
    Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr inhibits the expression of co-stimulatory molecules including CD80, CD83, and CD86 at the transcriptional level without altering normal cellular transcription during dendritic cell maturation PubMed
    vpr HIV-1 Vpr downregulates the expression of several immunologically important molecules including CD40, CD80, CD83, and CD86 co-stimulatory molecules on monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) PubMed
    capsid gag The immobilization of HIV-1 p24 antigen on the micelles upregulates the expression of cell surface markers CD80 and CD86 in human dendritic cells PubMed
    matrix gag Treatment of human PBMCs with HIV-1 MA upregulates the expression of MCP-1, ICAM-1, CD40, CD86 and CD36 and downregulates the expression of nuclear receptors FXR and PPARgamma PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    General gene information

    Clone Names

    • MGC34413

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables coreceptor activity PubMed 
    enables protein binding PubMed 
    enables receptor ligand activity PubMed 
    enables signaling receptor activity PubMed 
    enables virus receptor activity  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in B cell activation  
    involved_in T cell activation PubMed 
    involved_in T cell costimulation  
    involved_in adaptive immune response  
    involved_in cell surface receptor signaling pathway  
    involved_in cellular response to lipopolysaccharide  
    involved_in immune response  
    involved_in negative regulation of T cell proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of T cell proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of immunoglobulin production  
    involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-2 production PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-4 production PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of lymphotoxin A production PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction  
    involved_in symbiont entry into host cell  

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86
    Names
    B-lymphocyte activation antigen B7-2
    BU63
    CD86 antigen (CD28 antigen ligand 2, B7-2 antigen)
    CTLA-4 counter-receptor B7.2
    FUN-1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_029928.2 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5002..70776
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001206924.2NP_001193853.2  T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform 4 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (4) has the same N- and C-termini but is shorter compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC068630
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS56272.1
      Related
      ENSP00000420230.1, ENST00000493101.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00096
      Location:2733
      Ig; Ig strand A [structural motif]
      cl11960
      Location:24109
      Ig; Immunoglobulin domain
    2. NM_001206925.2NP_001193854.2  T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform 5

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) lacks an alternate coding exon compared to variant 1, that causes a frameshift. The resulting isoform (5) is made from a downstream translation start site compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC068630
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS56273.1
      Related
      ENSP00000418988.1, ENST00000469710.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00096
      Location:37
      Ig; Ig strand D [structural motif]
      cl11960
      Location:151
      Ig; Immunoglobulin domain
    3. NM_006889.5NP_008820.4  T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform 2 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) includes an alternate exon in the 5' UTR, resulting in the use of a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. Isoform 2 has a shorter N-terminus than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC068630
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43138.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0X9R4E0
      Related
      ENSP00000377248.2, ENST00000393627.6
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00096
      Location:133139
      Ig; Ig strand A [structural motif]
      cd16087
      Location:20127
      IgV_CD86; Immunoglobulin variable domain (IgV) in Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 86
      cl11960
      Location:130215
      Ig; Immunoglobulin domain
    4. NM_175862.5NP_787058.5  T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform 1 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1) of this protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC068630
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3009.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A0N0P0, B7Z2F3, B7Z702, E7ETN5, E9PC27, P42081, Q13655, Q6FHB1, Q6GTS4, Q7M4L5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K632
      Related
      ENSP00000332049.2, ENST00000330540.7
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd16087
      Location:28133
      IgV_CD86; Immunoglobulin variable domain (IgV) in CD86
      cl11960
      Location:136221
      Ig; Immunoglobulin domain
    5. NM_176892.2NP_795711.2  T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform 3 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) includes an alternate exon in the 5' UTR, resulting in the use of a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. It also lacks an in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (3, also known as CD86deltaTM) has a shorter N-terminus and lacks an internal segment compared to isoform 1. This isoform is the soluble form of this protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC068630
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS74991.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      H7C4F8
      Related
      ENSP00000264468.6, ENST00000264468.9
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00096
      Location:133139
      Ig; Ig strand A [structural motif]
      cd16087
      Location:20127
      IgV_CD86; Immunoglobulin variable domain (IgV) in Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 86
      cl11960
      Location:130215
      Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000003.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      122055362..122121136
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060927.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      124775351..124841114
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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