This entry represents members of the family of Cas2, one of the first four protein families found to be associated with prokaryotic genomes containing multiple CRISPR elements. CRISPR systems protect against invasive nucleic acid sequences, including phage. Cas2 proteins have been characterised as either endoribonuclease (for ssRNA) or endodeoxyribonuclease (for dsDNA), depending on the system to which the Cas2 belongs [1,2]. The cas genes usually are found near the palindromic repeats. The structural subunit of Cas2, belongs to the VapD family of interferases. The interferase catalytic site is intact in the majority of the Cas2 proteins but is disrupted in some, and is not required for spacer acquisition [3,4]. This entry also includes the endoribonuclease VapD [5]. [1]. 17379808. CRISPR provides acquired resistance against viruses in prokaryotes. Barrangou R, Fremaux C, Deveau H, Richards M, Boyaval P, Moineau S, Romero DA, Horvath P;. Science. 2007;315:1709-1712. [2]. 18482976. A novel family of sequence-specific endoribonucleases associated with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats. Beloglazova N, Brown G, Zimmerman MD, Proudfoot M, Makarova KS, Kudritska M, Kochinyan S, Wang S, Chruszcz M, Minor W, Koonin EV, Edwards AM, Savchenko A, Yakunin AF;. J Biol Chem. 2008;283:20361-20371. [3]. 30905284. Origins and evolution of CRISPR-Cas systems. Koonin EV, Makarova KS;. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2019;374:20180087. [4]. 24793649. Cas1-Cas2 complex formation mediates spacer acquisition during CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity. Nunez JK, Kranzusch PJ, Noeske J, Wright AV, Davies CW, Doudna JA;. Na. TRUNCATED at 1650 bytes (from Pfam)
- Date:
- 2024-10-16