Protein Family Models

This entry represents the ACT domain found at the N-terminal of acetohydroxyacid synthase isozyme III from Escherichia coli and similar sequences. Paper describing PDB structure 1psd. [1]. 7719856. The allosteric ligand site in the Vmax-type cooperative enzyme phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase. Schuller DJ, Grant GA, Banaszak LJ;. Nat Struct Biol 1995;2:69-76. Paper describing PDB structure 1sc6. [2]. 15035616. Multiconformational states in phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase. Bell JK, Grant GA, Banaszak LJ;. Biochemistry. 2004;43:3450-3458. Paper describing PDB structure 1yba. [3]. 15823035. Vmax regulation through domain and subunit changes. The active form of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase. Thompson JR, Bell JK, Bratt J, Grant GA, Banaszak LJ;. Biochemistry. 2005;44:5763-5773. Paper describing PDB structure 2f1f. [4]. 16458324. Structure of the regulatory subunit of acetohydroxyacid synthase isozyme III from Escherichia coli. Kaplun A, Vyazmensky M, Zherdev Y, Belenky I, Slutzker A, Mendel S, Barak Z, Chipman DM, Shaanan B;. J Mol Biol. 2006;357:951-963. Paper describing PDB structure 2fgc. [5]. 17586771. Crystal structures of TM0549 and NE1324--two orthologs of E. coli AHAS isozyme III small regulatory subunit. Petkowski JJ, Chruszcz M, Zimmerman MD, Zheng H, Skarina T, Onopriyenko O, Cymborowski MT, Koclega KD, Savchenko A, Edwards A, Minor W;. Protein Sci. 2007;16:1360-1367. (from Pfam)

Date:

2024-10-16

ACT domains bind to amino acids and regulate associated enzyme domains. These ACT domains are found at the C-terminus of the RelA protein. (from Pfam)

Date:

2024-08-14

ALS_ss_C is the C-terminal half of a family of proteins which are the small subunits of acetolactate synthase. Acetolactate synthase is a tetrameric enzyme, containing probably two large and two small subunits, which catalyses the first step in branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis. This reaction is sensitive to certain herbicides [1]. [1]. 9197540. Identification of an acetolactate synthase small subunit gene in two eukaryotes. Duggleby RG;. Gene. 1997;190:245-249. (from Pfam)

Date:

2024-10-16

This family of domains generally have a regulatory role. ACT domains are linked to a wide range of metabolic enzymes that are regulated by amino acid concentration. Pairs of ACT domains bind specifically to a particular amino acid leading to regulation of the linked enzyme. The ACT domain is found in: D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase EC:1.1.1.95 Swiss:P08328, which is inhibited by serine [1]. Aspartokinase EC:2.7.2.4 Swiss:P53553, which is regulated by lysine. Acetolactate synthase small regulatory subunit Swiss:P00894, which is inhibited by valine. Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase EC:1.14.16.1 Swiss:P00439, which is regulated by phenylalanine. Prephenate dehydrogenase EC:4.2.1.51 Swiss:P21203. formyltetrahydrofolate deformylase EC:3.5.1.10, Swiss:P37051, which is activated by methionine and inhibited by glycine. GTP pyrophosphokinase EC:2.7.6.5 Swiss:P11585 [1]. 7719856. The allosteric ligand site in the Vmax-type cooperative enzyme phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase. Schuller DJ, Grant GA, Banaszak LJ;. Nat Struct Biol 1995;2:69-76. Definition of the domain. [2]. 10222208. Gleaning non-trivial structural, functional and evolutionary information about proteins by iterative database searches. Aravind L, Koonin EV;. J Mol Biol 1999;287:1023-1040. (from Pfam)

Date:

2024-10-16

Gene:

ilvN

Date:

2021-07-23

acetolactate synthase small regulatory subunit activates the large catalytic subunit of multimeric acetolactate synthase, an enzyme that catalyzes the thiamin diphosphate-dependent first common step in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids

Date:

2023-02-23

Acetolactate synthase is a heterodimeric thiamine pyrophosphate enzyme with large and small subunits. One of the three isozymes in E. coli K12 contains a frameshift in the large subunit gene and is not expressed. acetohydroxyacid synthase is a synonym.

Gene:

ilvN

Date:

2024-06-10