CRY2 cryptochrome circadian regulator 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CRY2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: cryptochrome circadian regulator 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:2385
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000121671 MIM:603732; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2385
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: HCRY2; PHLL2
Summary: This gene encodes a flavin adenine dinucleotide-binding protein that is a key component of the circadian core oscillator complex, which regulates the circadian clock. This gene is upregulated by CLOCK/ARNTL heterodimers but then represses this upregulation in a feedback loop using PER/CRY heterodimers to interact with CLOCK/ARNTL. Polymorphisms in this gene have been associated with altered sleep patterns. The encoded protein is widely conserved across plants and animals. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in heart (RPKM 24.1), brain (RPKM 22.3) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 11p11.2

Exon count:: 13

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	11	NC_000011.10 (45847118..45883244)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	11	NC_060935.1 (46003044..46039180)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	11	NC_000011.9 (45868669..45904795)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Cryptochrome 2 Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Promoting Trophoblastic Ferroptosis in Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion.
Title: Cryptochrome 2 Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Promoting Trophoblastic Ferroptosis in Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion.
Transcription Repression of CRY2 via PER2 Interaction Promotes Adipogenesis.
Title: Transcription Repression of CRY2 via PER2 Interaction Promotes Adipogenesis.
Functional characterization of the CRY2 circadian clock component variant p.Ser420Phe revealed a new degradation pathway for CRY2.
Title: Functional characterization of the CRY2 circadian clock component variant p.Ser420Phe revealed a new degradation pathway for CRY2.
The secondary pocket of cryptochrome 2 is important for the regulation of its stability and localization.
Title: The secondary pocket of cryptochrome 2 is important for the regulation of its stability and localization.
Knockdown of UCHL3 inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by reducing CRY2 methylation.
Title: Knockdown of UCHL3 inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by reducing CRY2 methylation.
Alterations in CRY2 and PER3 gene expression associated with thalamic-limbic community structural abnormalities in patients with bipolar depression or unipolar depression.
Title: Alterations in CRY2 and PER3 gene expression associated with thalamic-limbic community structural abnormalities in patients with bipolar depression or unipolar depression.
Low CLOCK and CRY2 in 2nd trimester human maternal blood and risk of preterm birth: a nested case-control studydagger.
Title: Low CLOCK and CRY2 in 2nd trimester human maternal blood and risk of preterm birth: a nested case-control study†.
Analysis of Evolution and Ethnic Diversity at Glucose-Associated SNPs of Circadian Clock-Related Loci with Cryptochrome 1, Cryptochrome 2, and Melatonin receptor 1B.
Title: Analysis of Evolution and Ethnic Diversity at Glucose-Associated SNPs of Circadian Clock-Related Loci with Cryptochrome 1, Cryptochrome 2, and Melatonin receptor 1B.
SPRR2C, DEFB4A, WIF1, CRY2, and KRT19 are correlated with the development of atopic eczema.
Title: SPRR2C, DEFB4A, WIF1, CRY2, and KRT19 are correlated with the development of atopic eczema.
MALAT1 recruited the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXW7 to induce CRY2 ubiquitin-mediated degradation and participated in trophoblast migration and invasion.
Title: MALAT1 recruited the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXW7 to induce CRY2 ubiquitin-mediated degradation and participated in trophoblast migration and invasion.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (67)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide approach accounting for body mass index identifies genetic variants influencing fasting glycemic traits and insulin resistance. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association for abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose reveals a novel locus for visceral fat in women. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
New genetic loci implicated in fasting glucose homeostasis and their impact on type 2 diabetes risk. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Nine loci for ocular axial length identified through genome-wide association studies, including shared loci with refractive error. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH12593 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:72050

BCD2335 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:26507

Cry2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:532165

D10Chm27 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:518088

D11S1127 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:19153

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
NOT enables DNA (6-4) photolyase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables FAD binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables FAD binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables blue light photoreceptor activity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables damaged DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
NOT enables deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables nuclear receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables phosphatase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein phosphatase inhibitor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables single-stranded DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in blue light signaling pathway	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in circadian regulation of gene expression	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in circadian regulation of gene expression	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in circadian regulation of gene expression	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in circadian rhythm	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in glucose homeostasis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in lipid storage	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of circadian rhythm	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of circadian rhythm	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of glucocorticoid secretion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
NOT involved_in photoreactive repair	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in protein import into nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of circadian rhythm	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of sodium-dependent phosphate transport	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in response to insulin	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to light stimulus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to light stimulus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of Cry-Per complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in extracellular region	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nuclear speck	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: cryptochrome-2

Names: cryptochrome 2 (photolyase-like); cryptochrome circadian clock 2; growth-inhibiting protein 37

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001127457.3 → NP_001120929.1 cryptochrome-2 isoform 2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate first exon which contains the predicted translation start site; the resulting protein has a distinct N-terminus.

Source sequence(s)

AC068385, BC041814, DC330290

Consensus CDS

CCDS44576.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A8K5E5

Related

ENSP00000397419.2, ENST00000417225.6

Conserved Domains (3) summary

COG0415
Location:2 → 449

PhrB; Deoxyribodipyrimidine photolyase [Replication, recombination and repair]

pfam00875
Location:11 → 111

DNA_photolyase; DNA photolyase

pfam03441
Location:171 → 444

FAD_binding_7; FAD binding domain of DNA photolyase
NM_021117.5 → NP_066940.3 cryptochrome-2 isoform 1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) uses an alternate first exon which contains the predicted translation start site; the resulting protein has a distinct N-terminus.

Source sequence(s)

AC068385, AK302865, BC041814

Consensus CDS

CCDS7915.3

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B4DH32, B4DZD6, O75148, Q49AN0, Q8IV71

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A2I2P1, A8K5E5

Related

ENSP00000484684.1, ENST00000616080.2

Conserved Domains (2) summary

COG0415
Location:22 → 510

PhrB; Deoxyribodipyrimidine photolyase [Replication, recombination and repair]

pfam03441
Location:307 → 505

FAD_binding_7; FAD binding domain of DNA photolyase