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    FLT3LG fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 ligand [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 2323, updated on 27-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    FLT3LGprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 ligandprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:3766
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000090554 MIM:600007; AllianceGenome:HGNC:3766
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    FL; FLG3L; FLT3L; IMD125
    Summary
    Dendritic cells (DCs) provide the key link between innate and adaptive immunity by recognizing pathogens and priming pathogen-specific immune responses. FLT3LG controls the development of DCs and is particularly important for plasmacytoid DCs and CD8 (see MIM 186910)-positive classical DCs and their CD103 (ITGAE; MIM 604682)-positive tissue counterparts (summary by Sathaliyawala et al., 2010 [PubMed 20933441]).[supplied by OMIM, Jan 2011]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in spleen (RPKM 4.5), lymph node (RPKM 4.2) and 24 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See FLT3LG in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    19q13.33
    Exon count:
    11
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 19 NC_000019.10 (49474215..49486231)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 19 NC_060943.1 (52474188..52486197)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 19 NC_000019.9 (49977472..49989488)

    Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10915 Neighboring gene PIH1 domain containing 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:49954699-49955377 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:49957075-49958034 Neighboring gene aldehyde dehydrogenase 16 family member A1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14941 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10916 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10917 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14942 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14943 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:49990841-49991445 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:49993864-49994467 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L13a Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 32A Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 33

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Serum Levels of Soluble FLT3 Ligand in Patients with Active Multiple Myeloma Constitute Marker of Bone Marrow Plasma Cell Proliferative Activity. Kokonozaki M, et al. Crit Rev Oncog, 2017. PMID 29604902
    2. Cell-surface trafficking and release of flt3 ligand from T lymphocytes is induced by common cytokine receptor gamma-chain signaling and inhibited by cyclosporin A. Chklovskaia E, et al. Blood, 2001 Feb 15. PMID 11159533
    3. Flt3 ligand structure and unexpected commonalities of helical bundles and cystine knots. Savvides SN, et al. Nat Struct Biol, 2000 Jun. PMID 10881197
    4. Expression of Flt3-ligand by the endothelial cell. Solanilla A, et al. Leukemia, 2000 Jan. PMID 10637491
    5. Human bone marrow stromal cells simultaneously support B and T/NK lineage development from human haematopoietic progenitors: a principal role for flt3 ligand in lymphopoiesis. Nakamori Y, et al. Br J Haematol, 2012 Jun. PMID 22463758

    See all (75) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. FLT3L governs the development of partially overlapping hematopoietic lineages in humans and mice.
      Title: FLT3L governs the development of partially overlapping hematopoietic lineages in humans and mice.
    2. Early-life hyperoxia-induced Flt3L drives neonatal lung dendritic cell expansion and proinflammatory responses.
      Title: Early-life hyperoxia-induced Flt3L drives neonatal lung dendritic cell expansion and proinflammatory responses.
    3. FLT3LG and IFITM3P6 consolidate T cell activity in the bone marrow microenvironment and are prognostic factors in acute myelocytic leukemia.
      Title: FLT3LG and IFITM3P6 consolidate T cell activity in the bone marrow microenvironment and are prognostic factors in acute myelocytic leukemia.
    4. Fast Maturation of Splenic Dendritic Cells Upon TBI Is Associated With FLT3/FLT3L Signaling.
      Title: Fast Maturation of Splenic Dendritic Cells Upon TBI Is Associated With FLT3/FLT3L Signaling.
    5. A new cytokine-based dynamic stratification during induction is highly predictive of survivals in acute myeloid leukemia.
      Title: A new cytokine-based dynamic stratification during induction is highly predictive of survivals in acute myeloid leukemia.
    6. Wild-type FLT3 and FLT3 ITD exhibit similar ligand-induced internalization characteristics.
      Title: Wild-type FLT3 and FLT3 ITD exhibit similar ligand-induced internalization characteristics.
    7. FLT3 ligand plasma levels have no impact on outcomes after allotransplant in acute leukemia.
      Title: FLT3 ligand plasma levels have no impact on outcomes after allotransplant in acute leukemia.
    8. the sFLc kinetic profile during induction appears to be a powerful early prognostic marker to take into account as it may help to classify AML patients better
      Title: FLT3 ligand plasma levels in acute myeloid leukemia.
    9. This study provides a platform for studying the in vivo effect of Flt3-L and GM-CSF on human DCs and regulatory T cells.
      Title: Introduction of Human Flt3-L and GM-CSF into Humanized Mice Enhances the Reconstitution and Maturation of Myeloid Dendritic Cells and the Development of Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T Cells.
    10. In both cohorts, the median Flt3L level was significantly higher at completion of each sequential modality than at baseline. The 5-year PFS (most events being metastatic progression) was 68% and 71% in the two cohorts consisting of 33% and 52% T4 cases. In the principal cohort, a high Flt3L level following the induction chemotherapy was associated with low risk for a PFS event (HR: 0.15; P < 0.01).
      Title: Systemic immune response induced by oxaliplatin-based neoadjuvant therapy favours survival without metastatic progression in high-risk rectal cancer.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (52)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables cytokine activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables receptor tyrosine kinase binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables signaling receptor binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in B cell differentiation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in dendritic cell differentiation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in embryonic hemopoiesis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cell surface IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in extracellular space IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in membrane NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand
    Names
    flt3 ligand
    fms related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001204502.2 → NP_001191431.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform 1 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001191431.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (1). Variants 1, 2, and 3 encode the same isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC006331, BC144129, DB490139, U03858
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12767.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A0AVC2, B9EGH2, P49771, Q05C96
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZLY4
      Related
      ENSP00000470453.1, ENST00000600429.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02947
      Location:29 → 159
      Flt3_lig; flt3 ligand

    2. NM_001204503.2 → NP_001191432.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform 1 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001191432.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, and 3 encode the same isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC006331, U03858
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12767.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A0AVC2, B9EGH2, P49771, Q05C96
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZLY4
      Related
      ENSP00000469613.1, ENST00000594009.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02947
      Location:29 → 159
      Flt3_lig; flt3 ligand

    3. NM_001278637.2 → NP_001265566.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001265566.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' UTR which results in the use of a downstream AUG compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC010619, BC011914, BC028001
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS62753.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P49771
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02947
      Location:1 → 77
      Flt3_lig; flt3 ligand

    4. NM_001278638.2 → NP_001265567.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001265567.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' UTR which results in the use of a downstream AUG compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1. Variants 4 and 5 encode the same isoform (2).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC010619, BC011914
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS62753.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P49771
      Related
      ENSP00000204637.2, ENST00000204637.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02947
      Location:1 → 77
      Flt3_lig; flt3 ligand

    5. NM_001459.4 → NP_001450.2  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform 1 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001450.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, and 3 encode the same isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC006331, BC136464, DB490139
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12767.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A0AVC2, B9EGH2, P49771, Q05C96
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZLY4
      Related
      ENSP00000468977.1, ENST00000597551.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02947
      Location:29 → 159
      Flt3_lig; flt3 ligand

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      49474215..49486231
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011526675.3 → XP_011524977.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011524977.1

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02947
      Location:29 → 159
      Flt3_lig; flt3 ligand

    2. XM_011526678.3 → XP_011524980.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X6

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011524980.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M0QXI0
      Related
      ENSP00000469181.1, ENST00000598555.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02947
      Location:29 → 141
      Flt3_lig; flt3 ligand

    3. XM_047438522.1 → XP_047294478.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X8

    4. XM_047438523.1 → XP_047294479.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X9

    5. XM_011526676.4 → XP_011524978.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011524978.1

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02947
      Location:29 → 159
      Flt3_lig; flt3 ligand

    6. XM_047438519.1 → XP_047294475.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X1

    7. XM_011526677.3 → XP_011524979.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X5

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02947
      Location:29 → 159
      Flt3_lig; flt3 ligand

    8. XM_047438521.1 → XP_047294477.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X7

    9. XM_011526680.3 → XP_011524982.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X10

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02947
      Location:29 → 114
      Flt3_lig; flt3 ligand

    10. XM_006723116.4 → XP_006723179.2  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X4

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006723179.2

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02947
      Location:29 → 119
      Flt3_lig; flt3 ligand

    11. XM_047438520.1 → XP_047294476.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A0AVC2, B9EGH2, P49771, Q05C96

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060943.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      52474188..52486197
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054320359.1 → XP_054176334.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X3

    2. XM_054320363.1 → XP_054176338.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X6

    3. XM_054320365.1 → XP_054176340.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X8

    4. XM_054320366.1 → XP_054176341.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X9

    5. XM_054320360.1 → XP_054176335.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X3

    6. XM_054320357.1 → XP_054176332.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X1

    7. XM_054320362.1 → XP_054176337.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X5

    8. XM_054320364.1 → XP_054176339.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X7

    9. XM_054320367.1 → XP_054176342.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X10

    10. XM_054320361.1 → XP_054176336.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X4

    11. XM_054320358.1 → XP_054176333.1  fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A0AVC2, B9EGH2, P49771, Q05C96
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P49771.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P49771

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