bi bifid [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: biprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: bifidprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0000179
Locus tag: Dmel_CG3578
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0000179
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: BI; CG3578; dm-omb; Dm-omb; Dm-OMB; Dmel\CG3578; l(1)bi; l(1)omb; omb; Omb; OMB; Qd; T3; TBX2
Summary: Enables DNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including compound eye morphogenesis; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; and wing disc development. Located in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including anterior-posterior subdivision of organism; compartment boundary; head epidermis primordium; imaginal disc; and synaptic neuropil domain. Used to study cancer. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in atrial heart septal defect; heart septal defect; ulnar-mammary syndrome; and vertebral anomalies and variable endocrine and T-cell dysfunction. Orthologous to human TBX2 (T-box transcription factor 2) and TBX3 (T-box transcription factor 3). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 4C3-4C4; 1-8 cM

Exon count:: 10

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	X	NC_004354.4 (4412856..4485647)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	X	NC_004354.3 (4306889..4379680)

Chromosome X - NC_004354.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The transcription factor optomotor-blind restricts apterous expression through TrxG and PcG genes.
Title: The transcription factor optomotor-blind restricts apterous expression through TrxG and PcG genes.
T-box transcription factors Dorsocross and optomotor-blind control Drosophila leg patterning in a functionally redundant manner.
Title: T-box transcription factors Dorsocross and optomotor-blind control Drosophila leg patterning in a functionally redundant manner.
complementary expression of omb and Iro-C establishes the wing hinge/notum fold formation
Title: Complementary expression of optomotor-blind and the Iroquois complex promotes fold formation to separate wing notum and hinge territories.
Optomotor-blind does not prevent apoptosis in the haltere but rather limits growth by repressing several Decapentaplegic and Hedgehog targets.
Title: The transcription factor optomotor-blind antagonizes Drosophila haltere growth by repressing decapentaplegic and hedgehog targets.
results suggest that the primary effect of Omb is the blocking of Jak/STAT signaling by repressing transcription of upd which encodes the Jak receptor ligand Unpaired.
Title: Optomotor-blind negatively regulates Drosophila eye development by blocking Jak/STAT signaling.
Since loss of omb disrupts horizontal system and vertical system cell development, we assume that HS/VS ontogeny is controlled by Omb target genes.
Title: Optomotor-blind in the development of the Drosophila HS and VS lobula plate tangential cells.
Dpp, via omb, promoted proliferation in the lateral and repressed proliferation in the medial wing disc. Omb controlled the regional proliferation rate by oppositely regulating transcription of the microRNA gene bantam in medial versus lateral wing disc.
Title: Dpp signaling inhibits proliferation in the Drosophila wing by Omb-dependent regional control of bantam.
four new omb mutations were isolated and characterized.
Title: Null mutations in Drosophila Optomotor-blind affect T-domain residues conserved in all Tbx proteins.
OMB exprsssion in glial cells is required for correct axonal projection across the Drosophila inner optic chiasma.
Title: Optomotor-blind expression in glial cells is required for correct axonal projection across the Drosophila inner optic chiasm.
dysfunction of omb elicits hyperactivation of Hh signaling that causes an ectopic folding and local overgrowth in the wing columnar epithelium
Title: Drosophila T-box transcription factor Optomotor-blind prevents pathological folding and local overgrowth in wing epithelium through confining Hh signal.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell fate specification	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in compound eye morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in developmental pigmentation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in organ growth	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in wing disc anterior/posterior pattern formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in wing disc morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in chromatin	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: bifid

Names: CG3578-PA; CG3578-PB; CG3578-PC; CG3578-PD; CG3578-PE; CG3578-PF; CG3578-PG; Optimotor-blind; bi-PA; bi-PB; bi-PC; bi-PD; bi-PE; bi-PF; bi-PG; lethal(l)optomotor-blind; opomoter-blind; optimotor blind; optomer-blind; optomoter blind; optomoter-blind; optomotor blind; optomotor-blind; optomotor-blind gene; optomotorblind; quadroon

NP_001245527.1

unusual splice

NP_001245528.1

unusual splice

NP_001284861.1

unusual splice

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_004354.4 Reference assembly

Range

4412856..4485647

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_080331.3 → NP_525070.2 bifid, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_525070.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q24432, Q27917, Q9W4K5

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

E1JJD8

Related

FBpp0070640

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam00907
Location:330 → 513

T-box; T-box

pfam11078
Location:260 → 318

Optomotor-blind; Optomotor-blind protein N-terminal region
NM_001297932.1 → NP_001284861.1 bifid, isoform G [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001284861.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q24432, Q27917, Q9W4K5

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

X2JI97

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam00907
Location:330 → 510

T-box; T-box

pfam11078
Location:260 → 318

Optomotor-blind; Optomotor-blind protein N-terminal region
NM_001169191.1 → NP_001162662.1 bifid, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001162662.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q24432, Q27917, Q9W4K5

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

E1JJD8

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam00907
Location:330 → 513

T-box; T-box

pfam11078
Location:260 → 318

Optomotor-blind; Optomotor-blind protein N-terminal region
NM_001272309.2 → NP_001259238.1 bifid, isoform F [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259238.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q24432, Q27917, Q9W4K5

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PH16

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam00907
Location:330 → 513

T-box; T-box

pfam11078
Location:260 → 318

Optomotor-blind; Optomotor-blind protein N-terminal region
NM_001258598.3 → NP_001245527.1 bifid, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001245527.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q24432, Q27917, Q9W4K5

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9NE80

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam00907
Location:330 → 513

T-box; T-box

pfam11078
Location:260 → 318

Optomotor-blind; Optomotor-blind protein N-terminal region
NM_001258599.2 → NP_001245528.1 bifid, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001245528.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q24432, Q27917, Q9W4K5

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9NEV8

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam00907
Location:330 → 510

T-box; T-box

pfam11078
Location:260 → 318

Optomotor-blind; Optomotor-blind protein N-terminal region
NM_001169192.2 → NP_001162663.1 bifid, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001162663.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q24432, Q27917, Q9W4K5

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

E1JJD8

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam00907
Location:330 → 513

T-box; T-box

pfam11078
Location:260 → 318

Optomotor-blind; Optomotor-blind protein N-terminal region