U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination
    • Showing Current items.

    LCN2 lipocalin 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 3934, updated on 27-Nov-2024

    Summary

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Official Symbol
    LCN2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    lipocalin 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:6526
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000148346 MIM:600181; AllianceGenome:HGNC:6526
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    p25; 24p3; MSFI; NGAL
    Summary
    This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the lipocalin family. Members of this family transport small hydrophobic molecules such as lipids, steroid hormones and retinoids. The protein encoded by this gene is a neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and plays a role in innate immunity by limiting bacterial growth as a result of sequestering iron-containing siderophores. The presence of this protein in blood and urine is an early biomarker of acute kidney injury. This protein is thought to be be involved in multiple cellular processes, including maintenance of skin homeostasis, and suppression of invasiveness and metastasis. Mice lacking this gene are more susceptible to bacterial infection than wild type mice. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
    Expression
    Biased expression in gall bladder (RPKM 1027.2), bone marrow (RPKM 834.0) and 5 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    Go to the top of the page Help
    See LCN2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    9q34.11
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 9 NC_000009.12 (128149453..128153453)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 9 NC_060933.1 (140356542..140360542)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 9 NC_000009.11 (130911732..130915732)

    Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29072 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20324 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29073 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20325 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20326 Neighboring gene prostaglandin E synthase 2 Neighboring gene PTGES2 antisense RNA 1 (head to head) Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:130900289-130900788 Neighboring gene CRISPRi-validated cis-regulatory element chr9.2942 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:130908453-130908952 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20327 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:130916023-130916694 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak7335 silencer Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr9:130920069-130920264 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancers GRCh37_chr9:130921445-130922398 and GRCh37_chr9:130922399-130923352 Neighboring gene bublin coiled coil protein Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:130940513-130941204 Neighboring gene CDKN1A interacting zinc finger protein 1 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr9:130953834-130954001 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:130954889-130955404 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:130955405-130955919 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29074 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20331 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 9989 Neighboring gene dynamin 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

    Go to the top of the page Help
    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    Go to the top of the pageHelp

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Lipocalin 2 produces insulin resistance and can be upregulated by glucocorticoids in human adipose tissue. Kamble PG, et al. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 2016 May 15. PMID 26973291
    2. Increased Lipocalin 2 level may have important role in thrombotic events in patients with polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia. Rajnics P, et al. Leuk Res, 2016 Sep. PMID 27161323
    3. Plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin diagnosed acute kidney injury in patients with systemic inflammatory disease and sepsis. Md Ralib A, et al. Nephrology (Carlton), 2017 May. PMID 27062515
    4. The role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in predicting acute kidney injury in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft: A pilot study. Jain V, et al. Ann Card Anaesth, 2016 Apr-Jun. PMID 27052061, Free PMC Article
    5. Urinary NGAL is a useful clinical biomarker of HIV-associated nephropathy. Sola-Del Valle DA, et al. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2011 Jul. PMID 21555394, Free PMC Article

    See all (896) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Tumor-secreted LCN2 impairs gastric cancer progression via autocrine inhibition of the 24p3R/JNK/c-Jun/SPARC axis.
      Title: Tumor-secreted LCN2 impairs gastric cancer progression via autocrine inhibition of the 24p3R/JNK/c-Jun/SPARC axis.
    2. Lipocalin-2-mediated intestinal epithelial cells pyroptosis via NF-kappaB/NLRP3/GSDMD signaling axis adversely affects inflammation in colitis.
      Title: Lipocalin-2-mediated intestinal epithelial cells pyroptosis via NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD signaling axis adversely affects inflammation in colitis.
    3. Emerging insights into Lipocalin-2: Unraveling its role in Parkinson's Disease.
      Title: Emerging insights into Lipocalin-2: Unraveling its role in Parkinson's Disease.
    4. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin for the Differentiation of Mucinous Pancreatic Cystic Lesions.
      Title: Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin for the Differentiation of Mucinous Pancreatic Cystic Lesions.
    5. Serum Lipocalin-2 Levels as a Biomarker in Pre- and Post-Pubertal Klinefelter Syndrome Patients: A Pilot Study.
      Title: Serum Lipocalin-2 Levels as a Biomarker in Pre- and Post-Pubertal Klinefelter Syndrome Patients: A Pilot Study.
    6. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) confers acquired resistance to almonertinib in NSCLC through LCN2-MMP-9 signaling pathway.
      Title: Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) confers acquired resistance to almonertinib in NSCLC through LCN2-MMP-9 signaling pathway.
    7. LCN2 Promotes Proliferation and Glycolysis by Activating the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
      Title: LCN2 Promotes Proliferation and Glycolysis by Activating the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
    8. LCN2: Versatile players in breast cancer.
      Title: LCN2: Versatile players in breast cancer.
    9. Quantitative Proteomics of Tissue-Infiltrating T Cells From CRC Patients Identified Lipocalin-2 Induces T-Cell Apoptosis and Promotes Tumor Cell Proliferation by Iron Efflux.
      Title: Quantitative Proteomics of Tissue-Infiltrating T Cells From CRC Patients Identified Lipocalin-2 Induces T-Cell Apoptosis and Promotes Tumor Cell Proliferation by Iron Efflux.
    10. Relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T gene polymorphism and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in early renal injury in H-type hypertension.
      Title: Relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T gene polymorphism and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in early renal injury in H-type hypertension.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (842)

    Phenotypes

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

    Go to the top of the page Help

    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Pathways from PubChem

    Go to the top of the page

    Interactions

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables enterobactin binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables iron ion binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables iron ion binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables iron ion sequestering activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in apoptotic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in defense response to bacterium IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in innate immune response ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in siderophore transport ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
    located_in extracellular region HDA PubMed 
    located_in extracellular region ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular space HDA PubMed 
    is_active_in extracellular space IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular space IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in specific granule lumen TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Preferred Names
    neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
    Names
    25 kDa alpha-2-microglobulin-related subunit of MMP-9
    migration-stimulating factor inhibitor
    oncogene 24p3
    siderocalin LCN2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    Go to the top of the page Help

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_005564.5 → NP_005555.2  neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      BC033089, BM977724, BX644845
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS6892.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A6NII8, B4DWV4, B7ZAA2, P30150, P80188, Q5SYV9, Q5SYW0, Q6FGL5, Q92683
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2ZDQ1, X6R8F3
      Related
      ENSP00000277480.2, ENST00000277480.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam00061
      Location:49 → 193
      Lipocalin; Lipocalin / cytosolic fatty-acid binding protein family

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000009.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      128149453..128153453
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047423376.1 → XP_047279332.1  neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A6NII8, B4DWV4, B7ZAA2, P30150, P80188, Q5SYV9, Q5SYW0, Q6FGL5, Q92683
      Related
      ENSP00000362108.1, ENST00000373017.5

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060933.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      140356542..140360542
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054362963.1 → XP_054218938.1  neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A6NII8, B4DWV4, B7ZAA2, P30150, P80188, Q5SYV9, Q5SYW0, Q6FGL5, Q92683
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P80188.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P80188

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Chemical Information
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Tools
    Miscellaneous