show Abstracthide AbstractThe dataset contains 16S rRNA sequences of planktonic and sediment microbial community in a free water surface CW operating as a polishing step for secondary treated wastewater. The investigated constructed wetland was located in the South-West England. The study was carried out in summertime (July-September). Water and sediment samples were collected at different sampling points within the CW including inflow and outflow points as well as 2 internal sampling points. Water samples were filtered using 3um membranes to separate particle associated planktonic community and the filtrate was further filtered on 0.22um to capture free-living planktonic community. Sediment samples were collected at the same sampling points as water samples to observe association between sediment and planktonic community.