alpha-2-macroglobulin-like protein may function as a proteinase inhibitor via a trapping mechanism. A peptide stretch serves as the bait region and contains cleavage sites for various proteinases; as soon as a proteinase cleaves the bait region, a conformational change traps the proteinase and significantly reduces its activity against high molecular weight substrates
Proteins similar to C3, C4 and C5 of vertebrate complement. The vertebrate complement system, ...
239-522
1.42e-151
Proteins similar to C3, C4 and C5 of vertebrate complement. The vertebrate complement system, comprised of a large number of distinct plasma proteins, is an effector of both the acquired and innate immune systems. The point of convergence of the classical, alternative and lectin pathways of the complement system is the proteolytic activation of C3. C4 plays a key role in propagating the classical and lectin pathways. C5 participates in the classical and alternative pathways. The thioester bond located within the structure of C3 and C4 is central to the function of complement. C5 does not contain an active thioester bond.
:
Pssm-ID: 239226 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 297 Bit Score: 447.88 E-value: 1.42e-151
NTR/C345C domain, complement C3 subfamily; The NTR domain found in complement C3 is also known ...
753-902
4.15e-79
NTR/C345C domain, complement C3 subfamily; The NTR domain found in complement C3 is also known as the C345C domain because it occurs at the C-terminus of complement C3, C4 and C5. Complement C3 plays a pivotal role in the activation of the complement systems, as all pathways (classical, alternative, and lectin) result in the processing of C3 by C3 convertase. The larger fragment, activated C3b, contains the NTR/C345C domain and binds covalently, via a reactive thioester, to cell surface carbohydrates including components of bacterial cell walls and immune aggregates. The smaller cleavage product, C3a, acts independently as a diffusible signal to mediate local inflammatory processes. The structure of C3 shows that the NTR/C345C domain is located in an exposed position relative to the rest of the molecule. The function of the domain in complement C3 is poorly understood.
:
Pssm-ID: 239638 Cd Length: 149 Bit Score: 252.66 E-value: 4.15e-79
Proteins similar to C3, C4 and C5 of vertebrate complement. The vertebrate complement system, ...
239-522
1.42e-151
Proteins similar to C3, C4 and C5 of vertebrate complement. The vertebrate complement system, comprised of a large number of distinct plasma proteins, is an effector of both the acquired and innate immune systems. The point of convergence of the classical, alternative and lectin pathways of the complement system is the proteolytic activation of C3. C4 plays a key role in propagating the classical and lectin pathways. C5 participates in the classical and alternative pathways. The thioester bond located within the structure of C3 and C4 is central to the function of complement. C5 does not contain an active thioester bond.
Pssm-ID: 239226 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 297 Bit Score: 447.88 E-value: 1.42e-151
A-macroglobulin TED domain; This entry corresponds to the TED domain of the complement ...
223-522
7.65e-85
A-macroglobulin TED domain; This entry corresponds to the TED domain of the complement components such as C3, C4 and C5. This domain contains a short highly conserved region of proteinase-binding alpha-macro-globulins contains the cysteine and a glutamine of a thiol-ester bond that is cleaved at the moment of proteinase binding, and mediates the covalent binding of the alpha-macro-globulin to the proteinase. The GCGEQ motif is highly conserved.
Pssm-ID: 462227 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 311 Bit Score: 274.56 E-value: 7.65e-85
NTR/C345C domain, complement C3 subfamily; The NTR domain found in complement C3 is also known ...
753-902
4.15e-79
NTR/C345C domain, complement C3 subfamily; The NTR domain found in complement C3 is also known as the C345C domain because it occurs at the C-terminus of complement C3, C4 and C5. Complement C3 plays a pivotal role in the activation of the complement systems, as all pathways (classical, alternative, and lectin) result in the processing of C3 by C3 convertase. The larger fragment, activated C3b, contains the NTR/C345C domain and binds covalently, via a reactive thioester, to cell surface carbohydrates including components of bacterial cell walls and immune aggregates. The smaller cleavage product, C3a, acts independently as a diffusible signal to mediate local inflammatory processes. The structure of C3 shows that the NTR/C345C domain is located in an exposed position relative to the rest of the molecule. The function of the domain in complement C3 is poorly understood.
Pssm-ID: 239638 Cd Length: 149 Bit Score: 252.66 E-value: 4.15e-79
UNC-6/NTR/C345C module; Sequence similarity between netrin UNC-6 and C345C complement protein ...
775-885
6.77e-29
UNC-6/NTR/C345C module; Sequence similarity between netrin UNC-6 and C345C complement protein family members, and hence the existence of the UNC-6 module, was first reported in. Subsequently, many additional members of the family were identified on the basis of sequence similarity between the C-terminal domains of netrins, complement proteins C3, C4, C5, secreted frizzled-related proteins, and type I pro-collagen C-proteinase enhancer proteins (PCOLCEs), which are homologous with the N-terminal domains of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). The TIMPs are classified as a separate family in Pfam (pfam00965). This expanded domain family has been named as the NTR module.
Pssm-ID: 396359 Cd Length: 106 Bit Score: 111.28 E-value: 6.77e-29
Proteins similar to C3, C4 and C5 of vertebrate complement. The vertebrate complement system, ...
239-522
1.42e-151
Proteins similar to C3, C4 and C5 of vertebrate complement. The vertebrate complement system, comprised of a large number of distinct plasma proteins, is an effector of both the acquired and innate immune systems. The point of convergence of the classical, alternative and lectin pathways of the complement system is the proteolytic activation of C3. C4 plays a key role in propagating the classical and lectin pathways. C5 participates in the classical and alternative pathways. The thioester bond located within the structure of C3 and C4 is central to the function of complement. C5 does not contain an active thioester bond.
Pssm-ID: 239226 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 297 Bit Score: 447.88 E-value: 1.42e-151
Proteins similar to alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M). Alpha (2)-M is a major carrier ...
242-522
1.25e-97
Proteins similar to alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M). Alpha (2)-M is a major carrier protein in serum. It is a broadly specific proteinase inhibitor. The structural thioester of alpha (2)-M, is involved in the immobilization and entrapment of proteases. This group contains another broadly specific proteinase inhibitor: pregnancy zone protein (PZP). PZP is a trace protein in the plasma of non-pregnant females and males which is elevated in pregnancy. Alpha (2)-M and PZ bind to placental protein-14 and may modulate its activity in T-cell growth and cytokine production thereby protecting the allogeneic fetus from attack by the maternal immune system. This group also contains C3, C4 and C5 of vertebrate complement. The vertebrate complement is an effector of both the acquired and innate immune systems The point of convergence of the classical, alternative and lectin pathways of the complement system is the proteolytic activation of C3. C4 plays a key role in propagating the classical and lectin pathways. C5 participates in the classical and alternative pathways. The thioester bond located within the structure of C3 and C4 is central to the function of complement. C5 does not contain an active thioester bond.
Pssm-ID: 239221 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 282 Bit Score: 307.39 E-value: 1.25e-97
A-macroglobulin TED domain; This entry corresponds to the TED domain of the complement ...
223-522
7.65e-85
A-macroglobulin TED domain; This entry corresponds to the TED domain of the complement components such as C3, C4 and C5. This domain contains a short highly conserved region of proteinase-binding alpha-macro-globulins contains the cysteine and a glutamine of a thiol-ester bond that is cleaved at the moment of proteinase binding, and mediates the covalent binding of the alpha-macro-globulin to the proteinase. The GCGEQ motif is highly conserved.
Pssm-ID: 462227 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 311 Bit Score: 274.56 E-value: 7.65e-85
NTR/C345C domain, complement C3 subfamily; The NTR domain found in complement C3 is also known ...
753-902
4.15e-79
NTR/C345C domain, complement C3 subfamily; The NTR domain found in complement C3 is also known as the C345C domain because it occurs at the C-terminus of complement C3, C4 and C5. Complement C3 plays a pivotal role in the activation of the complement systems, as all pathways (classical, alternative, and lectin) result in the processing of C3 by C3 convertase. The larger fragment, activated C3b, contains the NTR/C345C domain and binds covalently, via a reactive thioester, to cell surface carbohydrates including components of bacterial cell walls and immune aggregates. The smaller cleavage product, C3a, acts independently as a diffusible signal to mediate local inflammatory processes. The structure of C3 shows that the NTR/C345C domain is located in an exposed position relative to the rest of the molecule. The function of the domain in complement C3 is poorly understood.
Pssm-ID: 239638 Cd Length: 149 Bit Score: 252.66 E-value: 4.15e-79
Proteins similar to alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M). This group also contains the pregnancy ...
242-522
4.54e-71
Proteins similar to alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M). This group also contains the pregnancy zone protein (PZP). Alpha(2)-M and PZP are broadly specific proteinase inhibitors. Alpha (2)-M is a major carrier protein in serum. The structural thioester of alpha (2)-M, is involved in the immobilization and entrapment of proteases. PZP is a trace protein in the plasma of non-pregnant females and males which is elevated in pregnancy. Alpha (2)-M and PZ bind to placental protein-14 and may modulate its activity in T-cell growth and cytokine production contributing to fetal survival. It has been suggested that thioester bond cleavage promotes the binding of PZ and alpha (2)-M to the CD91 receptor clearing them from circulation.
Pssm-ID: 239227 Cd Length: 292 Bit Score: 236.71 E-value: 4.54e-71
This group contains class II terpene cyclases, protein prenyltransferases beta subunit, two ...
242-522
4.70e-57
This group contains class II terpene cyclases, protein prenyltransferases beta subunit, two broadly specific proteinase inhibitors alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M) and pregnancy zone protein (PZP) and, the C3 C4 and C5 components of vertebrate complement. Class II terpene cyclases include squalene cyclase (SQCY) and 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase (OSQCY), these integral membrane proteins catalyze a cationic cyclization cascade converting linear triterpenes to fused ring compounds. The protein prenyltransferases include protein farnesyltransferase (FTase) and geranylgeranyltransferase types I and II (GGTase-I and GGTase-II) which catalyze the carboxyl-terminal lipidation of Ras, Rab, and several other cellular signal transduction proteins, facilitating membrane associations and specific protein-protein interactions. Alpha (2)-M is a major carrier protein in serum and involved in the immobilization and entrapment of proteases. PZP is a pregnancy associated protein. Alpha (2)-M and PZP are known to bind to and, may modulate, the activity of placental protein-14 in T-cell growth and cytokine production thereby protecting the allogeneic fetus from attack by the maternal immune system.
Pssm-ID: 238362 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 300 Bit Score: 198.54 E-value: 4.70e-57
NTR/C345C domain; The NTR domains that are found in the C-termini of complement C3, C4 and C5, ...
760-902
3.24e-30
NTR/C345C domain; The NTR domains that are found in the C-termini of complement C3, C4 and C5, are also called C345C domains. In C5, the domain interacts with various partners during the formation of the membrane attack complex, a fundamental process in the mammalian defense against infection. It's role in component C3 and C4 is not well understood.
Pssm-ID: 239629 Cd Length: 147 Bit Score: 116.72 E-value: 3.24e-30
UNC-6/NTR/C345C module; Sequence similarity between netrin UNC-6 and C345C complement protein ...
775-885
6.77e-29
UNC-6/NTR/C345C module; Sequence similarity between netrin UNC-6 and C345C complement protein family members, and hence the existence of the UNC-6 module, was first reported in. Subsequently, many additional members of the family were identified on the basis of sequence similarity between the C-terminal domains of netrins, complement proteins C3, C4, C5, secreted frizzled-related proteins, and type I pro-collagen C-proteinase enhancer proteins (PCOLCEs), which are homologous with the N-terminal domains of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). The TIMPs are classified as a separate family in Pfam (pfam00965). This expanded domain family has been named as the NTR module.
Pssm-ID: 396359 Cd Length: 106 Bit Score: 111.28 E-value: 6.77e-29
NTR/C345C domain, complement C4 subfamily; The NTR domain found in complement C4 is also known ...
751-902
5.39e-18
NTR/C345C domain, complement C4 subfamily; The NTR domain found in complement C4 is also known as the C345C domain because it occurs at the C-terminus of complement C3, C4 and C5. Complement C4 is a key player in the activation of the component classical pathway. C4 is cleaved by activated C1 to yield C4a anaphylatoxin, and the larger fragment C4b, an essential component of the C3- and C5-convertase enzymes. C4b binds covalently to the surface of pathogens through a reactive thioester. The role of the NTR/C345C domain in C4 (C4b) is unclear.
Pssm-ID: 239639 Cd Length: 153 Bit Score: 81.63 E-value: 5.39e-18
NTR/C345C domain, complement C5 subfamily; The NTR domain found in complement C5 is also known ...
754-902
8.50e-16
NTR/C345C domain, complement C5 subfamily; The NTR domain found in complement C5 is also known as C345C because it occurs at the C-terminus of complement C3, C4 and C5. Complement C5 is activated by C5 convertase, which itself is a complex between C3b and C3 convertase. The small cleavage fragment, C5a, is the most important small peptide mediator of inflammation, and the larger active fragment, C5b, initiates late events of complement activation. The NTR/C345C domain is important in the function of C5 as it interacts with enzymes that convert C5 to the active form, C5b. The domain has also been found to bind to complement components C6 and C7, and may specifically interact with their factor I modules.
Pssm-ID: 239637 Cd Length: 150 Bit Score: 75.24 E-value: 8.50e-16
NTR_like domain; a beta barrel with an oligosaccharide/oligonucleotide-binding fold found in ...
781-881
4.26e-06
NTR_like domain; a beta barrel with an oligosaccharide/oligonucleotide-binding fold found in netrins, complement proteins, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMP), and procollagen C-proteinase enhancers (PCOLCE), amongst others. In netrins, the domain plays a role in controlling axon branching in neural development, while the common function of these modules in TIMPs appears to be binding to metzincins. A subset of this family is also known as the C345C domain because it occurs as a C-terminal domain in complement C3, C4 and C5. In C5, the domain interacts with various partners during the formation of the membrane attack complex.
Pssm-ID: 239600 Cd Length: 105 Bit Score: 46.31 E-value: 4.26e-06
Database: CDSEARCH/cdd Low complexity filter: no Composition Based Adjustment: yes E-value threshold: 0.01
References:
Wang J et al. (2023), "The conserved domain database in 2023", Nucleic Acids Res.51(D)384-8.
Lu S et al. (2020), "The conserved domain database in 2020", Nucleic Acids Res.48(D)265-8.
Marchler-Bauer A et al. (2017), "CDD/SPARCLE: functional classification of proteins via subfamily domain architectures.", Nucleic Acids Res.45(D)200-3.
of the residues that compose this conserved feature have been mapped to the query sequence.
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