NCBI Conserved Domain Search

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43), yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1 (RBP1), yeast protein NAM8, and similar proteins. SECp43 is an RNA-binding protein associated specifically with eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNA [tRNA(Sec)]. It may play an adaptor role in the mechanism of selenocysteine insertion. SECp43 is located primarily in the nucleus and contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal polar/acidic region. Yeast proteins, NGR1 and NAM8, show high sequence similarity with SECp43. NGR1 is a putative glucose-repressible protein that binds both RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). It may function in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains three RRMs, two of which are followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the C-terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region. NAM8 is a putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. NAM8 also contains three RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409781 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 163.98 E-value: 3.27e-50

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 172 EHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAA 251
Cdd:cd12345   1 EHSLFVGDLAPDVTDYQLYETFSARYPSVRGAKVVMDPVTGRSKGYGFVRFGDESEQDRALTEMQGVYLGSRPIRVSPAT 80

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1 (RBP1), yeast protein NAM8 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of NGR1 and NAM8. NGR1, also termed RNA-binding protein RBP1, is a putative glucose-repressible protein that binds both RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in yeast. It may function in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the carboxyl terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region. The family also includes protein NAM8, which is a putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. Like NGR1, NAM8 contains two RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409782 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 133.99 E-value: 9.61e-39

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12346   1 NTTVFVGGLDPNVTEEDLRVLFGPFGEIVYVKIPPGKGCGFVQFVNRASAEAAIQKLQGTPIGGSRIRLSWG 72

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43), yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1 (RBP1), yeast protein NAM8, and similar proteins. SECp43 is an RNA-binding protein associated specifically with eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNA [tRNA(Sec)]. It may play an adaptor role in the mechanism of selenocysteine insertion. SECp43 is located primarily in the nucleus and contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal polar/acidic region. Yeast proteins, NGR1 and NAM8, show high sequence similarity with SECp43. NGR1 is a putative glucose-repressible protein that binds both RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). It may function in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains three RRMs, two of which are followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the C-terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region. NAM8 is a putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. NAM8 also contains three RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409780 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 131.27 E-value: 1.28e-37

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEA-TAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSSEQAFRLNWA 158
Cdd:cd12344   1 TLWMGDLEPWMDEAYISSCFAKTGEEvVSVKIIRNKQTGKSAGYCFVEFATQEAAEQALEHLNGKPIPNTQQRFRLNWA 79

polyadenylate binding protein, human types 1, 2, 3, 4 family; These eukaryotic proteins recognize the poly-A of mRNA and consists of four tandem RNA recognition domains at the N-terminus (rrm: pfam00076) followed by a PABP-specific domain (pfam00658) at the C-terminus. The protein is involved in the transport of mRNA's from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. There are four paralogs in Homo sapiens which are expressed in testis, platelets, broadly expressed and of unknown tissue range.

Pssm-ID: 130689 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 562 Bit Score: 141.87 E-value: 4.84e-37

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906    81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSseQAFRLNWAQL 160
Cdd:TIGR01628   2 SLYVGDLDPDVTEAKLYDLFKPFGPVLSVRVCRDSVTRRSLGYGYVNFQNPADAERALETMNFKRLGG--KPIRIMWSQR 79

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   161 GAGERRQAEGpehTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRtTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYC 240
Cdd:TIGR01628  80 DPSLRRSGVG---NIFVKNLDKSVDNKALFDTFSK-FGNILSCKVATDE-NGKSRGYGFVHFEKEESAKAAIQKVNGMLL 154

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   241 SSRPMRTGPaankkpltmqpasYQNTQGNSGESDPTNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGK-RC- 315
Cdd:TIGR01628 155 NDKEVYVGR-------------FIKKHEREAAPLKKFTNLYVKNLDPSVNEDKLRELFAKFGEITSAAVmkdGSGRsRGf 221

                         250       260
                  ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906   316 GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGG 340
Cdd:TIGR01628 222 AFVNFEKHEDAAKAVEEMNGKKIGL 246

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1, yeast protein NAM8 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of NGR1 and NAM8. NGR1, also termed RNA-binding protein RBP1, is a putative glucose-repressible protein that binds both, RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), in yeast. It may function in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the carboxyl terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region. The family also includes protein NAM8, which is a putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. Like NGR1, NAM8 contains two RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 410025 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 112.61 E-value: 1.42e-30

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 172 EHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12613   1 EYSIFVGDLSPTTNESDLVSLFQSRFPSCKSAKIMTDPVTGVSRGYGFVRFSDENDQQRALIEMQGKYCQGRPLRISYA 79

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of SECp43, an RNA-binding protein associated specifically with eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNA [tRNA(Sec)]. It may play an adaptor role in the mechanism of selenocysteine insertion. SECp43 is located primarily in the nucleus and contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal polar/acidic region.

Pssm-ID: 410024 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 100.52 E-value: 3.38e-26

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 172 EHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRtTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQY-CSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12612   1 EFSLFVGDLTPEVDDGMLYEFFLKRYPSCKGAKVVLDQ-LGNSRGYGFVRFSDENEQKRALTECQGASgLGGKPIRLSVA 79


                ...
gi 18416906 251 ANK 253
Cdd:cd12612  80 IPK 82

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of SECp43, an RNA-binding protein associated specifically with eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNA [tRNA(Sec)]. It may play an adaptor role in the mechanism of selenocysteine insertion. SECp43 is located primarily in the nucleus and contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal polar/acidic region.

Pssm-ID: 410022 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 98.93 E-value: 1.58e-25

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAA-KVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSSEQA--FRLNW 157
Cdd:cd12610   1 SLWMGDLEPYMDENFIKRAFATMGETVLSvKIIRNRVTGGPAGYCFVEFADEATAERCLHKLNGKPIPGSNPPkrFKLNH 80


                ....
gi 18416906 158 AQLG 161
Cdd:cd12610  81 ATYG 84

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in RNA-binding protein 42 (RBM42) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM42 which has been identified as a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K)-binding protein. It also directly binds the 3' untranslated region of p21 mRNA that is one of the target mRNAs for hnRNP K. Both, hnRNP K and RBM42, are components of stress granules (SGs). Under nonstress conditions, RBM42 predominantly localizes within the nucleus and co-localizes with hnRNP K. Under stress conditions, hnRNP K and RBM42 form cytoplasmic foci where the SG marker TIAR localizes, and may play a role in the maintenance of cellular ATP level by protecting their target mRNAs. RBM42 contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409817 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 96.96 E-value: 7.08e-25

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12383   9 IFCGDLGNEVTDEVLARAFSK-YPSFQKAKVIRDKRTGKSKGYGFVSFKDPNDYLKALREMNGKYVGNRPIK 79

splicing factor, CC1-like family; This model represents a subfamily of RNA splicing factors including the Pad-1 protein (N. crassa), CAPER (M. musculus) and CC1.3 (H.sapiens). These proteins are characterized by an N-terminal arginine-rich, low complexity domain followed by three (or in the case of 4 H. sapiens paralogs, two) RNA recognition domains (rrm: pfam00706). These splicing factors are closely related to the U2AF splicing factor family (TIGR01642). A homologous gene from Plasmodium falciparum was identified in the course of the analysis of that genome at TIGR and was included in the seed.

Pssm-ID: 273721 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 494 Bit Score: 100.76 E-value: 5.07e-23

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   167 QAEGPEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMtEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:TIGR01622 109 EDERDRRTVFVQQLAARARERDLYEFFSKV-GKVRDVQIIKDRNSRRSKGVGYVEFYDVDSVQAAL-ALTGQKLLGIPVI 186

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   247 TGPAANKKPLTmqpASYQNTQGNSGESDPTNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRC---GFVQY 320
Cdd:TIGR01622 187 VQLSEAEKNRA---ARAATETSGHHPNSIPFHRLYVGNLHFNITEQDLRQIFEPFGEIEFVQLqkdPETGRSkgyGFIQF 263

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906   321 ANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:TIGR01622 264 RDAEQAKEALEKMNGFELAGRPIKVGLG 291

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in granule-associated RNA binding proteins p40-TIA-1 and TIAR; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1 or TIA-1) and nucleolysin TIA-1-related protein (TIAR), both of which are granule-associated RNA binding proteins involved in inducing apoptosis in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. TIA-1 and TIAR share high sequence similarity. They are expressed in a wide variety of cell types. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis. TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. Both, TIA-1 and TIAR, bind specifically to poly(A) but not to poly(C) homopolymers. They are composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 and TIAR interact with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and their RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs. The C-terminal auxiliary domain may be responsible for interacting with other proteins. In addition, TIA-1 and TIAR share a potential serine protease-cleavage site (Phe-Val-Arg) localized at the junction between their RNA binding domains and their C-terminal auxiliary domains.

Pssm-ID: 409789 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 85.52 E-value: 9.32e-21

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRT 247
Cdd:cd12353   2 IFVGDLSPEIETEDLKEAF-APFGEISDARVVKDTQTGKSKGYGFVSFVKKEDAENAIQGMNGQWLGGRNIRT 73

polyadenylate binding protein, human types 1, 2, 3, 4 family; These eukaryotic proteins recognize the poly-A of mRNA and consists of four tandem RNA recognition domains at the N-terminus (rrm: pfam00076) followed by a PABP-specific domain (pfam00658) at the C-terminus. The protein is involved in the transport of mRNA's from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. There are four paralogs in Homo sapiens which are expressed in testis, platelets, broadly expressed and of unknown tissue range.

Pssm-ID: 130689 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 562 Bit Score: 92.56 E-value: 3.92e-20

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906    82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNkQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSS------------ 149
Cdd:TIGR01628 181 LYVKNLDPSVNEDKLRELFAKFGEITSAAVMKD-GSGRSRGFAFVNFEKHEDAAKAVEEMNGKKIGLAkegkklyvgraq 259

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   150 -----EQAFRLNWAQLGAGERRQAEGPehTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDrTTGRSKGYGFVRFAD 224
Cdd:TIGR01628 260 kraerEAELRRKFEELQQERKMKAQGV--NLYVKNLDDTVTDEKLRELFSE-CGEITSAKVMLD-EKGVSRGFGFVCFSN 335

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906   225 ESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAANK 253
Cdd:TIGR01628 336 PEEANRAVTEMHGRMLGGKPLYVALAQRK 364

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of yeast protein PUB1, also termed ARS consensus-binding protein ACBP-60, or poly uridylate-binding protein, or poly(U)-binding protein. PUB1 has been identified as both, a heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein (mRNP), which may be stably bound to a translationally inactive subpopulation of mRNAs within the cytoplasm. It is distributed in both, the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and binds to poly(A)+ RNA (mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it is one of the major cellular proteins cross-linked by UV light to polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is nonessential for cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds to T-rich single stranded DNA (ssDNA). However, there is no strong evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism of DNA replication. PUB1 contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a GAR motif (glycine and arginine rich stretch) that is located between RRM2 and RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 410031 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 82.16 E-value: 1.70e-19

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAA 251
Cdd:cd12619   4 IFVGDLSPEVTDAALFNAFSD-FPSCSDARVMWDQKTGRSRGYGFVSFRSQQDAQNAINSMNGKWLGSRPIRCNWAT 79

RNA recognition motif;

Pssm-ID: 214636 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 81.87 E-value: 1.94e-19

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906    174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:smart00360   1 TLFVGNLPPDTTEEELRELFSK-FGKVESVRLVRDKETGKSKGFAFVEFESEEDAEKALEALNGKELDGRPLK 72

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in U2-associated protein SR140 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of SR140 (also termed U2 snRNP-associated SURP motif-containing protein orU2SURP, or 140 kDa Ser/Arg-rich domain protein) which is a putative splicing factor mainly found in higher eukaryotes. Although it is initially identified as one of the 17S U2 snRNP-associated proteins, the molecular and physiological function of SR140 remains unclear. SR140 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a SWAP/SURP domain that is found in a number of pre-mRNA splicing factors in the middle region, and a C-terminal arginine/serine-rich domain (RS domain).

Pssm-ID: 409670 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 78.49 E-value: 4.00e-18

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI--P-------AGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12223   2 TNLYVGNLPPSVTEEVLLREFGRFGPLASVKImwPrteeerrRNRNCGFVAFMSRADAERAMRELNGKDVMGYELKLGWG 81


                ..
gi 18416906 349 RS 350
Cdd:cd12223  82 KA 83

RNA recognition motif;

Pssm-ID: 214636 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 76.48 E-value: 1.88e-17

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906    279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP------AGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:smart00360   1 TLFVGNLPPDTTEEELRELFSKFGKVESVRLVrdketgKSKGFAFVEFESEEDAEKALEALNGKELDGRPLKV 73

RNA recognition motif (RRM) domain [Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis];

Pssm-ID: 440488 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 75.90 E-value: 3.79e-17

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:COG0724   3 KIYVGNLPYSVTEEDLRELFSE-YGEVTSVKLITDRETGRSRGFGFVEMPDDEEAQAAIEALNGAELMGRTLK 74

RNA recognition motif (RRM) superfamily; RRM, also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), is a highly abundant domain in eukaryotes found in proteins involved in post-transcriptional gene expression processes including mRNA and rRNA processing, RNA export, and RNA stability. This domain is 90 amino acids in length and consists of a four-stranded beta-sheet packed against two alpha-helices. RRM usually interacts with ssRNA, but is also known to interact with ssDNA as well as proteins. RRM binds a variable number of nucleotides, ranging from two to eight. The active site includes three aromatic side-chains located within the conserved RNP1 and RNP2 motifs of the domain. The RRM domain is found in a variety heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), proteins implicated in regulation of alternative splicing, and protein components of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs).

Pssm-ID: 409669 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 75.40 E-value: 3.80e-17

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP-----AGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd00590   1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLRELFSKFGEVVSVRIVrdrdgKSKGFAFVEFESPEDAEKALEALNGTELGGRPLKVS 72

ELAV/HuD family splicing factor; This model describes the ELAV/HuD subfamily of splicing factors found in metazoa. HuD stands for the human paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen D of which there are 4 variants in human. ELAV stnds for the Drosophila Embryonic lethal abnormal visual protein. ELAV-like splicing factors are also known in human as HuB (ELAV-like protein 2), HuC (ELAV-like protein 3, Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen) and HuR (ELAV-like protein 1). These genes are most closely related to the sex-lethal subfamily of splicing factors found in Dipteran insects (TIGR01659). These proteins contain 3 RNA-recognition motifs (rrm: pfam00076).

Pssm-ID: 273741 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 352 Bit Score: 81.14 E-value: 8.66e-17

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906    91 MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSseQAFRLNWAQLGAGERRQAeg 170
Cdd:TIGR01661  15 MTQEEIRSLFTSIGEIESCKLVRDKVTGQSLGYGFVNYVRPEDAEKAVNSLNGLRLQN--KTIKVSYARPSSDSIKGA-- 90

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   171 pehTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCS--SRPM--- 245
Cdd:TIGR01661  91 ---NLYVSGLPKTMTQHELESIF-SPFGQIITSRILSDNVTGLSKGVGFIRFDKRDEADRAIKTLNGTTPSgcTEPItvk 166

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   246 --RTGPAANKKPLTMQPASYQNTQ-------------------------------------------------------- 267
Cdd:TIGR01661 167 faNNPSSSNSKGLLSQLEAVQNPQttrvplstiltaagigpmhhaaarfrpsagdftavlahqqqqhavaqqhaaqrasp 246

                         250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   268 ------------GNSGESDPT-NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRC---GFVQYANRACAEQ 328
Cdd:TIGR01661 247 patdgqtaglaaGAQISASDGaGYCIFVYNLSPDTDETVLWQLFGPFGAVQNVKIirdLTTNQCkgyGFVSMTNYDEAAM 326

                         330
                  ....*....|....*...
gi 18416906   329 ALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:TIGR01661 327 AILSLNGYTLGNRVLQVS 344

splicing factor, CC1-like family; This model represents a subfamily of RNA splicing factors including the Pad-1 protein (N. crassa), CAPER (M. musculus) and CC1.3 (H.sapiens). These proteins are characterized by an N-terminal arginine-rich, low complexity domain followed by three (or in the case of 4 H. sapiens paralogs, two) RNA recognition domains (rrm: pfam00706). These splicing factors are closely related to the U2AF splicing factor family (TIGR01642). A homologous gene from Plasmodium falciparum was identified in the course of the analysis of that genome at TIGR and was included in the seed.

Pssm-ID: 273721 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 494 Bit Score: 81.89 E-value: 9.75e-17

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906    92 DENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNL----QTYNGAP-MPSSEQAFRlNWAQLGAGE-- 164
Cdd:TIGR01622 127 RERDLYEFFSKVGKVRDVQIIKDRNSRRSKGVGYVEFYDVDSVQAALaltgQKLLGIPvIVQLSEAEK-NRAARAATEts 205

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   165 -RRQAEGPEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSR 243
Cdd:TIGR01622 206 gHHPNSIPFHRLYVGNLHFNITEQDLRQIFEP-FGEIEFVQLQKDPETGRSKGYGFIQFRDAEQAKEALEKMNGFELAGR 284

                         170       180       190       200       210
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906   244 PMRTGPAANKKPLtmQPASYQNTQGNSGESDPTNTTIFVGA---VDQSVTEDDLKSVFG 299
Cdd:TIGR01622 285 PIKVGLGNDFTPE--SDANLAQRFQDQDGSAFSGAGLNTPArsqLMRKLARDNEKGTGG 341

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1, yeast protein NAM8 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of NGR1 and NAM8. NGR1, also termed RNA-binding protein RBP1, is a putative glucose-repressible protein that binds both, RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), in yeast. It may function in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), two of which are followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the carboxyl terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region. The subgroup also includes NAM8, a putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. Like NGR1, NAM8 contains two RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 410023 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 74.05 E-value: 1.59e-16

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATA-AKVIRNKQNGYSE--GYGFIEFVNHATAERNLqTYNGAPMPSSEQ-AFRLNW 157
Cdd:cd12611   2 LWMGDLEPWMDENFIKQIWASLGLKPVnVKVIRSKSGGLNGnaGYCFVEFPSPHAAQNAL-SLNGTPIPGSESrTFKLNW 80


                .
gi 18416906 158 A 158
Cdd:cd12611  81 A 81

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Pre-mRNA-splicing factor RBM22 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of RBM22 (also known as RNA-binding motif protein 22, or Zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 16), a newly discovered RNA-binding motif protein which belongs to the SLT11 gene family. SLT11 gene encoding protein (Slt11p) is a splicing factor in yeast, which is required for spliceosome assembly. Slt11p has two distinct biochemical properties: RNA-annealing and RNA-binding activities. RBM22 is the homolog of SLT11 in vertebrate. It has been reported to be involved in pre-splicesome assembly and to interact with the Ca2+-signaling protein ALG-2. It also plays an important role in embryogenesis. RBM22 contains a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a zinc finger of the unusual type C-x8-C-x5-C-x3-H, and a C-terminus that is unusually rich in the amino acids Gly and Pro, including sequences of tetraprolines.

Pssm-ID: 409671 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 73.09 E-value: 3.16e-16

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVL-NGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12224   2 TTLYVGGLGDKITEKDLRDHFYQFGEIRSITVVARQQCAFVQFTTRQAAERAAERTfNKLIIKGRRLKVKWGR 74

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Nicotiana sylvestris chloroplastic 33 kDa ribonucleoprotein (NsCP33) and similar proteins; The family includes NsCP33, Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic 31 kDa ribonucleoprotein (CP31A) and mitochondrial glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 2 (AtGR-RBP2). NsCP33 may be involved in splicing and/or processing of chloroplast RNA's. AtCP31A, also called RNA-binding protein 1/2/3 (AtRBP33), or RNA-binding protein CP31A, or RNA-binding protein RNP-T, or RNA-binding protein cp31, is required for specific RNA editing events in chloroplasts and stabilizes specific chloroplast mRNAs, as well as for normal chloroplast development under cold stress conditions by stabilizing transcripts of numerous mRNAs under these conditions. CP31A may modulate telomere replication through RNA binding domains. AtGR-RBP2, also called AtRBG2, or glycine-rich protein 2 (AtGRP2), or mitochondrial RNA-binding protein 1a (At-mRBP1a), plays a role in RNA transcription or processing during stress. It binds RNAs and DNAs sequence with a preference to single-stranded nucleic acids. AtGR-RBP2 displays strong affinity to poly(U) sequence. It exerts cold and freezing tolerance, probably by exhibiting an RNA chaperone activity during the cold and freezing adaptation process. Some members in this family contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the second RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410187 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 72.59 E-value: 4.86e-16

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd21608   1 KLYVGNLSWDTTEDDLRDLFSE-FGEVESAKVITDRETGRSRGFGFVTFSTAEAAEAAIDALNGKELDGRSIVVNEA 76

RNA recognition motif. (a.k.a. RRM, RBD, or RNP domain); The RRM motif is probably diagnostic of an RNA binding protein. RRMs are found in a variety of RNA binding proteins, including various hnRNP proteins, proteins implicated in regulation of alternative splicing, and protein components of snRNPs. The motif also appears in a few single stranded DNA binding proteins. The RRM structure consists of four strands and two helices arranged in an alpha/beta sandwich, with a third helix present during RNA binding in some cases The C-terminal beta strand (4th strand) and final helix are hard to align and have been omitted in the SEED alignment The LA proteins have an N terminal rrm which is included in the seed. There is a second region towards the C terminus that has some features characteriztic of a rrm but does not appear to have the important structural core of a rrm. The LA proteins are one of the main autoantigens in Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease.

Pssm-ID: 425453 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 70 Bit Score: 72.27 E-value: 5.49e-16

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906   175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:pfam00076   1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLKDLFSK-FGPIKSIRLVRDET-GRSKGFAFVEFEDEEDAEKAIEALNGKELGGRELK 70

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast protein gar2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of yeast protein gar2, a novel nucleolar protein required for 18S rRNA and 40S ribosomal subunit accumulation. It shares similar domain architecture with nucleolin from vertebrates and NSR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated N-terminal domain of gar2 is made up of highly acidic regions separated from each other by basic sequences, and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The central domain of gar2 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of gar2 is rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues.

Pssm-ID: 409881 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 71.31 E-value: 1.24e-15

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12447   1 TLFVGGLSWNVDDPWLKKEFEK-YGGVISARVITDRGSGRSKGYGYVDFATPEAAQKALAAMSGKEIDGRQIN 72

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in granule-associated RNA binding proteins (p40-TIA-1 and TIAR), and yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of TIA-1, TIAR, and PUB1. Nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1 or TIA-1) and nucleolysin TIA-1-related protein (TIAR) are granule-associated RNA binding proteins involved in inducing apoptosis in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. They share high sequence similarity and are expressed in a wide variety of cell types. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis.TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. Both TIA-1 and TIAR bind specifically to poly(A) but not to poly(C) homopolymers. They are composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 and TIAR interact with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and their RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs. The C-terminal auxiliary domain may be responsible for interacting with other proteins. In addition, TIA-1 and TIAR share a potential serine protease-cleavage site (Phe-Val-Arg) localized at the junction between their RNA binding domains and their C-terminal auxiliary domains. This subfamily also includes a yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1, termed ARS consensus-binding protein ACBP-60, or poly uridylate-binding protein, or poly(U)-binding protein, which has been identified as both a heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein (mRNP). It may be stably bound to a translationally inactive subpopulation of mRNAs within the cytoplasm. PUB1 is distributed in both, the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and binds to poly(A)+ RNA (mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it is one of the major cellular proteins cross-linked by UV light to polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is nonessential for cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds to T-rich single stranded DNA (ssDNA); however, there is no strong evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism of DNA replication. PUB1 contains three RRMs, and a GAR motif (glycine and arginine rich stretch) that is located between RRM2 and RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 409790 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 71.16 E-value: 1.32e-15

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12354   1 TTVYVGNITKGLTEALLQQTFSPFGQILEVRVFPDKGYAFIRFDSHEAATHAIVSVNGTIINGQAVKCSWG 71

RNA recognition motif (RRM) domain [Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis];

Pssm-ID: 440488 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 70.90 E-value: 2.49e-15

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP------AGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:COG0724   1 SMKIYVGNLPYSVTEEDLRELFSEYGEVTSVKLItdretgRSRGFGFVEMPDDEEAQAAIEALNGAELMGRTLKVN 76

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 (CSTF2), yeast ortholog mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of CSTF2, its tau variant and eukaryotic homologs. CSTF2, also termed cleavage stimulation factor 64 kDa subunit (CstF64), is the vertebrate conterpart of yeast mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15. It is expressed in all somatic tissues and is one of three cleavage stimulatory factor (CstF) subunits required for polyadenylation. CstF64 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a CstF77-binding domain, a repeated MEARA helical region and a conserved C-terminal domain reported to bind the transcription factor PC-4. During polyadenylation, CstF interacts with the pre-mRNA through the RRM of CstF64 at U- or GU-rich sequences within 10 to 30 nucleotides downstream of the cleavage site. CSTF2T, also termed tauCstF64, is a paralog of the X-linked cleavage stimulation factor CstF64 protein that supports polyadenylation in most somatic cells. It is expressed during meiosis and subsequent haploid differentiation in a more limited set of tissues and cell types, largely in meiotic and postmeiotic male germ cells, and to a lesser extent in brain. The loss of CSTF2T will cause male infertility, as it is necessary for spermatogenesis and fertilization. Moreover, CSTF2T is required for expression of genes involved in morphological differentiation of spermatids, as well as for genes having products that function during interaction of motile spermatozoa with eggs. It promotes germ cell-specific patterns of polyadenylation by using its RRM to bind to different sequence elements downstream of polyadenylation sites than does CstF64. The family also includes yeast ortholog mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15 and similar proteins. RNA15 is a core subunit of cleavage factor IA (CFIA), an essential transcriptional 3'-end processing factor from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RNA recognition by CFIA is mediated by an N-terminal RRM, which is contained in the RNA15 subunit of the complex. The RRM of RNA15 has a strong preference for GU-rich RNAs, mediated by a binding pocket that is entirely conserved in both yeast and vertebrate RNA15 orthologs.

Pssm-ID: 409832 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 69.85 E-value: 4.34e-15

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 173 HTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12398   1 RSVFVGNIPYDATEEQLKEIFSEV-GPVVSFRLVTDRETGKPKGYGFCEFRDAETALSAVRNLNGYELNGRPLRVDFA 77

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in splicing factor 3B subunit 4 (SF3B4) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of SF3B4, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SF3b 49 kDa (SF3b50), or spliceosome-associated protein 49 (SAP 49). SF3B4 is a component of the multiprotein complex splicing factor 3b (SF3B), an integral part of the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) and the U11/U12 di-snRNP. SF3B is essential for the accurate excision of introns from pre-messenger RNA, and is involved in the recognition of the pre-mRNA's branch site within the major and minor spliceosomes. SF3B4 functions to tether U2 snRNP with pre-mRNA at the branch site during spliceosome assembly. It is an evolutionarily highly conserved protein with orthologs across diverse species. SF3B4 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). It binds directly to pre-mRNA and also interacts directly and highly specifically with another SF3B subunit called SAP 145.

Pssm-ID: 409772 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 69.31 E-value: 7.34e-15

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAANK 253
Cdd:cd12335   4 LFIGNLDPEVDEKLLYDTFSAFGVILQTPKIMRDPDTGNSKGFGFVSFDSFEASDAAIEAMNGQYLCNRPITVSYAFKK 82

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of Nop4p (also known as Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 410075 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 69.03 E-value: 8.61e-15

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12674   2 TLFVRNLPFDVTLESLTDFFSDI-GPVKHAVVVTDPETKKSRGYGFVSFSTHDDAEEALAKLKNRKLSGHILK 73

poly-U binding splicing factor, half-pint family; The proteins represented by this model contain three RNA recognition motifs (rrm: pfam00076) and have been characterized as poly-pyrimidine tract binding proteins associated with RNA splicing factors. In the case of PUF60 (GP|6176532), in complex with p54, and in the presence of U2AF, facilitates association of U2 snRNP with pre-mRNA.

Pssm-ID: 130706 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 612 Bit Score: 75.88 E-value: 1.18e-14

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   162 AGERRQAEGPEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCS 241
Cdd:TIGR01645  97 QQQRQQALAIMCRVYVGSISFELREDTIRRAF-DPFGPIKSINMSWDPATGKHKGFAFVEYEVPEAAQLALEQMNGQMLG 175

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   242 SRPMRTGpaankKPLTMQPAsyQNTQGNSGESDPTNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAG------KRC 315
Cdd:TIGR01645 176 GRNIKVG-----RPSNMPQA--QPIIDMVQEEAKKFNRIYVASVHPDLSETDIKSVFEAFGEIVKCQLARAptgrghKGY 248

                         170       180       190       200
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906   316 GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSPSNKQTQP 358
Cdd:TIGR01645 249 GFIEYNNLQSQSEAIASMNLFDLGGQYLRVGKCVTPPDALLQP 291

RNA recognition motif. (a.k.a. RRM, RBD, or RNP domain); The RRM motif is probably diagnostic of an RNA binding protein. RRMs are found in a variety of RNA binding proteins, including various hnRNP proteins, proteins implicated in regulation of alternative splicing, and protein components of snRNPs. The motif also appears in a few single stranded DNA binding proteins. The RRM structure consists of four strands and two helices arranged in an alpha/beta sandwich, with a third helix present during RNA binding in some cases The C-terminal beta strand (4th strand) and final helix are hard to align and have been omitted in the SEED alignment The LA proteins have an N terminal rrm which is included in the seed. There is a second region towards the C terminus that has some features characteriztic of a rrm but does not appear to have the important structural core of a rrm. The LA proteins are one of the main autoantigens in Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease.

Pssm-ID: 425453 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 70 Bit Score: 68.41 E-value: 1.29e-14

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP-----AGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:pfam00076   1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLKDLFSKFGPIKSIRLVrdetgRSKGFAFVEFEDEEDAEKAIEALNGKELGGRELK 70

U2 snRNP auxilliary factor, large subunit, splicing factor; These splicing factors consist of an N-terminal arginine-rich low complexity domain followed by three tandem RNA recognition motifs (pfam00076). The well-characterized members of this family are auxilliary components of the U2 small nuclear ribonuclearprotein splicing factor (U2AF). These proteins are closely related to the CC1-like subfamily of splicing factors (TIGR01622). Members of this subfamily are found in plants, metazoa and fungi.

Pssm-ID: 273727 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 509 Bit Score: 74.93 E-value: 2.10e-14

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906    73 PGSAGEIRSLWIGDLQPWMDENYLM----NVFGLTGEATA--AKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEF--VNHATAERNLQT--YN 142
Cdd:TIGR01642 169 QQATRQARRLYVGGIPPEFVEEAVVdffnDLMIATGYHKAedGKHVSSVNINKEKNFAFLEFrtVEEATFAMALDSiiYS 248

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   143 GA-----------PMPSSEQAFRLNWAQLGAGERRQAEGP------EHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKV 205
Cdd:TIGR01642 249 NVflkirrphdyiPVPQITPEVSQKNPDDNAKNVEKLVNSttvldsKDRIYIGNLPLYLGEDQIKELLES-FGDLKAFNL 327

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   206 VNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAA------------NKKPLTMQPASYQNTQGNSGES 273
Cdd:TIGR01642 328 IKDIATGLSKGYAFCEYKDPSVTDVAIAALNGKDTGDNKLHVQRACvganqatidtsnGMAPVTLLAKALSQSILQIGGK 407

                         250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   274 dPTNTTIFVGAV------DQSVTEDDLKSV---FGQFGELVHVKIP-------AGKRCG--FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNG 335
Cdd:TIGR01642 408 -PTKVVQLTNLVtgddlmDDEEYEEIYEDVkteFSKYGPLINIVIPrpngdrnSTPGVGkvFLEYADVRSAEKAMEGMNG 486


                  ....*...
gi 18416906   336 TQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:TIGR01642 487 RKFNDRVV 494

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of p40-TIA-1, the 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1), and a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein mainly found in the granules of cytotoxic lymphocytes. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis, and function as the granule component responsible for inducing apoptosis in cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) targets. It is composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 410030 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 67.72 E-value: 2.54e-14

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRT 247
Cdd:cd12618   5 VFVGDLSPEITTEDIKAAF-APFGRISDARVVKDMATGKSKGYGFVSFFNKWDAENAIQQMGGQWLGGRQIRT 76

RNA recognition motif (RRM) superfamily; RRM, also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), is a highly abundant domain in eukaryotes found in proteins involved in post-transcriptional gene expression processes including mRNA and rRNA processing, RNA export, and RNA stability. This domain is 90 amino acids in length and consists of a four-stranded beta-sheet packed against two alpha-helices. RRM usually interacts with ssRNA, but is also known to interact with ssDNA as well as proteins. RRM binds a variable number of nucleotides, ranging from two to eight. The active site includes three aromatic side-chains located within the conserved RNP1 and RNP2 motifs of the domain. The RRM domain is found in a variety heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), proteins implicated in regulation of alternative splicing, and protein components of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs).

Pssm-ID: 409669 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 66.92 E-value: 3.59e-14

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd00590   1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLRELFSK-FGEVVSVRIVRDRD-GKSKGFAFVEFESPEDAEKALEALNGTELGGRPLK 70

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in nucleolysin TIAR and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of nucleolysin TIAR, also termed TIA-1-related protein, a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein that shows high sequence similarity with 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (p40-TIA-1). TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. TIAR possesses nucleolytic activity against cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. It can trigger DNA fragmentation in permeabilized thymocytes, and thus may function as an effector responsible for inducing apoptosis. TIAR is composed of three N-terminal, highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. It interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 410029 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 66.94 E-value: 5.48e-14

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRT 247
Cdd:cd12617   4 VFVGDLSPEITTEDIKSAF-APFGKISDARVVKDMATGKSKGYGFVSFYNKLDAENAIVHMGGQWLGGRQIRT 75

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein PES4, protein MIP6 and similar proteins; The family includes PES4 (also called DNA polymerase epsilon suppressor 4) and MIP6 (also called MEX67-interacting protein 6), both of which are predicted RNA binding proteins that may act as regulators of late translation, protection, and mRNA localization. MIP6 acts as a novel factor for nuclear mRNA export, binds to both poly(A)+ RNA and nuclear pores. It interacts with MEX67. Members in this family contain four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410180 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 65.06 E-value: 2.34e-13

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKaVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMN 236
Cdd:cd21601   4 FIGDLDKDVTEEMLRDIFS-KYKSLVSVKICLDSETKKSLGYGYLNFSDKEDAEKAIEEFN 63

sex-lethal family splicing factor; This model describes the sex-lethal family of splicing factors found in Dipteran insects. The sex-lethal phenotype, however, may be limited to the Melanogasters and closely related species. In Drosophila the protein acts as an inhibitor of splicing. This subfamily is most closely related to the ELAV/HUD subfamily of splicing factors (TIGR01661).

Pssm-ID: 273740 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 346 Bit Score: 68.51 E-value: 1.16e-12

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   113 RNKQNGYSEGYGfiefvNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSSEQAfrLNWAQLGAGERRQAEGPEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTET 192
Cdd:TIGR01659  55 RQHRQGYNDFYG-----NGGSSACGLGSMGNMANMASTNS--LNSLGSGGSDDNDTNNSGTNLIVNYLPQDMTDRELYAL 127

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   193 FKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTgpaankkpltmqpaSYQNTQGNSGE 272
Cdd:TIGR01659 128 FRTI-GPINTCRIMRDYKTGYSFGYAFVDFGSEADSQRAIKNLNGITVRNKRLKV--------------SYARPGGESIK 192

                         170       180       190       200       210       220
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906   273 sdptNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLN 334
Cdd:TIGR01659 193 ----DTNLYVTNLPRTITDDQLDTIFGKYGQIVQKNILRDKLTGtprgvaFVRFNKREEAQEAISALN 256

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM28 and Nop4p. RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), possibly coordinating their transition through the nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a role in the maturation of both small nuclear and ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409848 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 62.57 E-value: 1.38e-12

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 288 SVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPA---GKRCG--FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12414  10 KCTEDDLKKLFSKFGKVLEVTIPKkpdGKLRGfaFVQFTNVADAAKAIKGMNGKKIKGRPVAVDW 74

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in cold inducible RNA binding protein (CIRBP), RNA binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of two structurally related heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, CIRBP (also termed CIRP or A18 hnRNP) and RBM3 (also termed RNPL), both of which belong to a highly conserved cold shock proteins family. The cold shock proteins can be induced after exposure to a moderate cold-shock and other cellular stresses such as UV radiation and hypoxia. CIRBP and RBM3 may function in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by binding to different transcripts, thus allowing the cell to response rapidly to environmental signals. However, the kinetics and degree of cold induction are different between CIRBP and RBM3. Tissue distribution of their expression is different. CIRBP and RBM3 may be differentially regulated under physiological and stress conditions and may play distinct roles in cold responses of cells. CIRBP, also termed glycine-rich RNA-binding protein CIRP, is localized in the nucleus and mediates the cold-induced suppression of cell cycle progression. CIRBP also binds DNA and possibly serves as a chaperone that assists in the folding/unfolding, assembly/disassembly and transport of various proteins. RBM3 may enhance global protein synthesis and the formation of active polysomes while reducing the levels of ribonucleoprotein complexes containing microRNAs. RBM3 may also serve to prevent the loss of muscle mass by its ability to decrease cell death. Furthermore, RBM3 may be essential for cell proliferation and mitosis. Both, CIRBP and RBM3, contain an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), that is involved in RNA binding, and C-terminal glycine-rich domain (RGG motif) that probably enhances RNA-binding via protein-protein and/or protein-RNA interactions. Like CIRBP, RBM3 can also bind to both RNA and DNA via its RRM domain.

Pssm-ID: 409883 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 62.50 E-value: 1.62e-12

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAANK 253
Cdd:cd12449   3 LFVGGLSFDTNEQSLEEVFSK-YGQISEVVVVKDRETQRSRGFGFVTFENPDDAKDAMMAMNGKSLDGRQIRVDQAGKS 80

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in AZoospermia (DAZ) autosomal homologs, DAZL (DAZ-like) and BOULE; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of two Deleted in AZoospermia (DAZ) autosomal homologs, DAZL (DAZ-like) and BOULE. BOULE is the founder member of the family and DAZL arose from BOULE in an ancestor of vertebrates. The DAZ gene subsequently originated from a duplication transposition of the DAZL gene. Invertebrates contain a single DAZ homolog, BOULE, while vertebrates, other than catarrhine primates, possess both BOULE and DAZL genes. The catarrhine primates possess BOULE, DAZL, and DAZ genes. The family members encode closely related RNA-binding proteins that are required for fertility in numerous organisms. These proteins contain an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a varying number of copies of a DAZ motif, believed to mediate protein-protein interactions. DAZL and BOULE contain a single copy of the DAZ motif, while DAZ proteins can contain 8-24 copies of this repeat. Although their specific biochemical functions remain to be investigated, DAZL proteins may interact with poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), and act as translational activators of specific mRNAs during gametogenesis.

Pssm-ID: 409846 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 62.24 E-value: 2.22e-12

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 171 PEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12412   1 IPNRIFVGGIDWDTTEEELREFFSK-FGKVKDVKIIKDRA-GVSKGYGFVTFETQEDAEKIQKWGANLVFKGKKLNVGPA 78


                ...
gi 18416906 251 ANK 253
Cdd:cd12412  79 IRK 81

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in SR-related and CTD-associated factor 4 (SCAF4), SR-related and CTD-associated factor 8 (SCAF8) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM in a new class of SCAFs (SR-like CTD-associated factors), including SCAF4, SCAF8 and similar proteins. The biological role of SCAF4 remains unclear, but it shows high sequence similarity to SCAF8 (also termed CDC5L complex-associated protein 7, or RNA-binding motif protein 16, or CTD-binding SR-like protein RA8). SCAF8 is a nuclear matrix protein that interacts specifically with a highly serine-phosphorylated form of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (pol II). The pol II CTD plays a role in coupling transcription and pre-mRNA processing. In addition, SCAF8 co-localizes primarily with transcription sites that are enriched in nuclear matrix fraction, which is known to contain proteins involved in pre-mRNA processing. Thus, SCAF8 may play a direct role in coupling with both, transcription and pre-mRNA processing, processes. SCAF8 and SCAF4 both contain a conserved N-terminal CTD-interacting domain (CID), an atypical RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domain), and serine/arginine-rich motifs.

Pssm-ID: 409674 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 62.07 E-value: 2.72e-12

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12227   3 TTLWVGHLSKKVTQEELKNLFEEYGEIQSIDMIPPRGCAYVCMKTRQDAHRALQKLKNHKLRGKSIKIAW 72

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in (U)-binding-splicing factor PUF60 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of PUF60, also termed FUSE-binding protein-interacting repressor (FBP-interacting repressor or FIR), or Ro-binding protein 1 (RoBP1), or Siah-binding protein 1 (Siah-BP1). PUF60 is an essential splicing factor that functions as a poly-U RNA-binding protein required to reconstitute splicing in depleted nuclear extracts. Its function is enhanced through interaction with U2 auxiliary factor U2AF65. PUF60 also controls human c-myc gene expression by binding and inhibiting the transcription factor far upstream sequence element (FUSE)-binding-protein (FBP), an activator of c-myc promoters. PUF60 contains two central RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal U2AF (U2 auxiliary factor) homology motifs (UHM) that harbors another RRM and binds to tryptophan-containing linear peptide motifs (UHM ligand motifs, ULMs) in several nuclear proteins. Research indicates that PUF60 binds FUSE as a dimer, and only the first two RRM domains participate in the single-stranded DNA recognition.

Pssm-ID: 409806 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 61.53 E-value: 4.01e-12

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP----AGKRC--GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12371   3 IYVASVHPDLSEDDIKSVFEAFGKIKSCSLApdpeTGKHKgyGFIEYENPQSAQDAIASMNLFDLGGQYLR 73

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein RBM23, RBM39 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM39 (also termed HCC1), a nuclear autoantigen that contains an N-terminal arginine/serine rich (RS) motif and three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). An octapeptide sequence called the RS-ERK motif is repeated six times in the RS region of RBM39. Although the cellular function of RBM23 remains unclear, it shows high sequence homology to RBM39 and contains two RRMs. It may possibly function as a pre-mRNA splicing factor.

Pssm-ID: 409726 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 61.49 E-value: 4.54e-12

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12284   2 YVGSLHFNITEDMLRGIFEP-FGKIEFVQLQKDPETGRSKGYGFIQFRDAEDAKKALEQLNGFELAGRPMKVGHV 75

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in type I polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM4 of type I poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in theThe CD corresponds to the RRM. regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar proteins. PABP-1 is an ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in mammalian and may play an important role in the testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3 shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1. However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than PABP-1. Moreover, PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammalian, such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs, PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The family also includes the yeast PABP, a conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409815 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 61.13 E-value: 4.80e-12

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDrTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPM 245
Cdd:cd12381   5 YVKNLDDTIDDEKLREEF-SPFGTITSAKVMTD-EGGRSKGFGFVCFSSPEEATKAVTEMNGRIIGGKPL 72

ELAV/HuD family splicing factor; This model describes the ELAV/HuD subfamily of splicing factors found in metazoa. HuD stands for the human paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen D of which there are 4 variants in human. ELAV stnds for the Drosophila Embryonic lethal abnormal visual protein. ELAV-like splicing factors are also known in human as HuB (ELAV-like protein 2), HuC (ELAV-like protein 3, Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen) and HuR (ELAV-like protein 1). These genes are most closely related to the sex-lethal subfamily of splicing factors found in Dipteran insects (TIGR01659). These proteins contain 3 RNA-recognition motifs (rrm: pfam00076).

Pssm-ID: 273741 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 352 Bit Score: 66.89 E-value: 5.02e-12

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   188 MLTETFKAVYSS---VKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAankkpltmQPASYQ 264
Cdd:TIGR01661  15 MTQEEIRSLFTSigeIESCKLVRDKVTGQSLGYGFVNYVRPEDAEKAVNSLNGLRLQNKTIKVSYA--------RPSSDS 86

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   265 NTQGNsgesdptnttIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQL 338
Cdd:TIGR01661  87 IKGAN----------LYVSGLPKTMTQHELESIFSPFGQIITSRIlsdnvtGLSKGVGFIRFDKRDEADRAIKTLNGTTP 156

                         170       180       190       200       210
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906   339 GGQS--IRLSWGRSPSNKQT---QPDQAQYGGGGGYYGYPPQGYEAYGYAP 384
Cdd:TIGR01661 157 SGCTepITVKFANNPSSSNSkglLSQLEAVQNPQTTRVPLSTILTAAGIGP 207

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in RNA-binding protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM28 and Nop4p. RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), possibly coordinating their transition through the nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a role in the maturation of both small nuclear and ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409847 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 61.07 E-value: 5.48e-12

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAANK 253
Cdd:cd12413   1 TLFVRNLPYDTTDEQLEELFSDV-GPVKRCFVVKDKGKDKCRGFGYVTFALAEDAQRALEEVKGKKFGGRKIKVELAKKK 79

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic RNA-binding protein RBM24, RBM38 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM24 and RBM38 from vertebrate, SUPpressor family member SUP-12 from Caenorhabditis elegans and similar proteins. Both, RBM24 and RBM38, are preferentially expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues. They regulate myogenic differentiation by controlling the cell cycle in a p21-dependent or -independent manner. RBM24, also termed RNA-binding region-containing protein 6, interacts with the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of myogenin mRNA and regulates its stability in C2C12 cells. RBM38, also termed CLL-associated antigen KW-5, or HSRNASEB, or RNA-binding region-containing protein 1(RNPC1), or ssDNA-binding protein SEB4, is a direct target of the p53 family. It is required for maintaining the stability of the basal and stress-induced p21 mRNA by binding to their 3'-UTRs. It also binds the AU-/U-rich elements in p63 3'-UTR and regulates p63 mRNA stability and activity. SUP-12 is a novel tissue-specific splicing factor that controls muscle-specific splicing of the ADF/cofilin pre-mRNA in C. elegans. All family members contain a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409818 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 60.85 E-value: 6.42e-12

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNgqycssrPMRTGPAAN 252
Cdd:cd12384   3 IFVGGLPYHTTDDSLREYF-EQFGEIEEAVVITDRQTGKSRGYGFVTMADREAAERACKDPN-------PIIDGRKAN 72

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in type I polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of type I poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar proteins. PABP-1 is a ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in mammalian and may play an important role in the testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3 shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1. However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than PABP-1. Moreover, PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammals, such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs, PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The family also includes yeast PABP, a conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409812 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 60.34 E-value: 1.04e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12378   3 YVGDLHPDVTEAMLYEKFSPA-GPVLSIRVCRDAVTRRSLGYAYVNFQQPADAERALDTLNFDVIKGKPIR 72

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in granule-associated RNA binding proteins p40-TIA-1 and TIAR; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1 or TIA-1) and nucleolysin TIA-1-related protein (TIAR), both of which are granule-associated RNA binding proteins involved in inducing apoptosis in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. TIA-1 and TIAR share high sequence similarity. They are expressed in a wide variety of cell types. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis. TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. Both, TIA-1 and TIAR, bind specifically to poly(A) but not to poly(C) homopolymers. They are composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 and TIAR interact with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and their RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs. The C-terminal auxiliary domain may be responsible for interacting with other proteins. In addition, TIA-1 and TIAR share a potential serine protease-cleavage site (Phe-Val-Arg) localized at the junction between their RNA binding domains and their C-terminal auxiliary domains.

Pssm-ID: 409789 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 60.10 E-value: 1.13e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSseQAFRLNW 157
Cdd:cd12353   2 IFVGDLSPEIETEDLKEAFAPFGEISDARVVKDTQTGKSKGYGFVSFVKKEDAENAIQGMNGQWLGG--RNIRTNW 75

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in granule-associated RNA binding proteins p40-TIA-1 and TIAR; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1 or TIA-1) and nucleolysin TIA-1-related protein (TIAR), both of which are granule-associated RNA binding proteins involved in inducing apoptosis in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. TIA-1 and TIAR share high sequence similarity. They are expressed in a wide variety of cell types. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis. TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. Both, TIA-1 and TIAR, bind specifically to poly(A) but not to poly(C) homopolymers. They are composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 and TIAR interact with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and their RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs. The C-terminal auxiliary domain may be responsible for interacting with other proteins. In addition, TIA-1 and TIAR share a potential serine protease-cleavage site (Phe-Val-Arg) localized at the junction between their RNA binding domains and their C-terminal auxiliary domains.

Pssm-ID: 409789 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 60.10 E-value: 1.24e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVH---VKIPA---GKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12353   2 IFVGDLSPEIETEDLKEAFAPFGEISDarvVKDTQtgkSKGYGFVSFVKKEDAENAIQGMNGQWLGGRNIRTNW 75

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Helicobacter pylori HP0827 protein and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of H. pylori HP0827, a putative ssDNA-binding protein 12rnp2 precursor, containing one RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). The ssDNA binding may be important in activation of HP0827.

Pssm-ID: 409833 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 59.84 E-value: 1.50e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC------GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12399   1 LYVGNLPYSASEEQLKSLFGQFGAVFDVKLPMDRETkrprgfGFVELQEEESAEKAIAKLDGTDFMGRTIRVN 73

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 (CSTF2), cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 tau variant (CSTF2T) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM domain of CSTF2, its tau variant and eukaryotic homologs. CSTF2, also termed cleavage stimulation factor 64 kDa subunit (CstF64), is the vertebrate conterpart of yeast mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15. It is expressed in all somatic tissues and is one of three cleavage stimulatory factor (CstF) subunits required for polyadenylation. CstF64 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a CstF77-binding domain, a repeated MEARA helical region and a conserved C-terminal domain reported to bind the transcription factor PC-4. During polyadenylation, CstF interacts with the pre-mRNA through the RRM of CstF64 at U- or GU-rich sequences within 10 to 30 nucleotides downstream of the cleavage site. CSTF2T, also termed tauCstF64, is a paralog of the X-linked cleavage stimulation factor CstF64 protein that supports polyadenylation in most somatic cells. It is expressed during meiosis and subsequent haploid differentiation in a more limited set of tissues and cell types, largely in meiotic and postmeiotic male germ cells, and to a lesser extent in brain. The loss of CSTF2T will cause male infertility, as it is necessary for spermatogenesis and fertilization. Moreover, CSTF2T is required for expression of genes involved in morphological differentiation of spermatids, as well as for genes having products that function during interaction of motile spermatozoa with eggs. It promotes germ cell-specific patterns of polyadenylation by using its RRM to bind to different sequence elements downstream of polyadenylation sites than does CstF64.

Pssm-ID: 410072 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 59.45 E-value: 2.26e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAA 251
Cdd:cd12671   8 SVFVGNIPYEATEEQLKDIFSEV-GPVVSFRLVYDRETGKPKGYGFCEYQDQETALSAMRNLNGYELNGRALRVDNAA 84

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein RBM23, RBM39 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM39 (also termed HCC1), a nuclear autoantigen that contains an N-terminal arginine/serine rich (RS) motif and three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). An octapeptide sequence called the RS-ERK motif is repeated six times in the RS region of RBM39. Although the cellular function of RBM23 remains unclear, it shows high sequence homology to RBM39 and contains two RRMs. It may possibly function as a pre-mRNA splicing factor.

Pssm-ID: 409726 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 59.18 E-value: 2.72e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12284   1 LYVGSLHFNITEDMLRGIFEPFGKIEFVQLqkdPETGRSkgyGFIQFRDAEDAKKALEQLNGFELAGRPMKVG 73

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R (hnRNP R) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 in hnRNP R, hnRNP Q, and APOBEC-1 complementation factor (ACF). hnRNP R is a ubiquitously expressed nuclear RNA-binding protein that specifically bind mRNAs with a preference for poly(U) stretches and has been implicated in mRNA processing and mRNA transport, and also acts as a regulator to modify binding to ribosomes and RNA translation. hnRNP Q is also a ubiquitously expressed nuclear RNA-binding protein. It has been identified as a component of the spliceosome complex, as well as a component of the apobec-1 editosome, and has been implicated in the regulation of specific mRNA transport. ACF is an RNA-binding subunit of a core complex that interacts with apoB mRNA to facilitate C to U RNA editing. It may also act as an apoB mRNA recognition factor and chaperone and play a key role in cell growth and differentiation. This family also includes two functionally unknown RNA-binding proteins, RBM46 and RBM47. All members contain three conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409697 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 58.80 E-value: 3.47e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 287 QSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPagKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12251  11 LSTTEEKLRELFSEYGKVERVKKI--KDYAFVHFEERDDAVKAMEEMNGKELEGSEIEVSLAK 71

glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 4; Provisional

Pssm-ID: 178680 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 144 Bit Score: 60.82 E-value: 3.53e-11

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906  175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPaANKK 254
Cdd:PLN03134  37 LFIGGLSWGTDDASLRDAF-AHFGDVVDAKVIVDRETGRSRGFGFVNFNDEGAATAAISEMDGKELNGRHIRVNP-ANDR 114

                         90
                 ....*....|....*..
gi 18416906  255 PltMQPASYQNTQGNSG 271
Cdd:PLN03134 115 P--SAPRAYGGGGGYSG 129

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the p54nrb/PSF/PSP1 family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of the p54nrb/PSF/PSP1 family, including 54 kDa nuclear RNA- and DNA-binding protein (p54nrb or NonO or NMT55), polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB)-associated-splicing factor (PSF or POMp100), paraspeckle protein 1 (PSP1 or PSPC1), which are ubiquitously expressed and are conserved in vertebrates. p54nrb is a multi-functional protein involved in numerous nuclear processes including transcriptional regulation, splicing, DNA unwinding, nuclear retention of hyperedited double-stranded RNA, viral RNA processing, control of cell proliferation, and circadian rhythm maintenance. PSF is also a multi-functional protein that binds RNA, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and many factors, and mediates diverse activities in the cell. PSP1 is a novel nucleolar factor that accumulates within a new nucleoplasmic compartment, termed paraspeckles, and diffusely distributes in the nucleoplasm. The cellular function of PSP1 remains unknown currently. This subfamily also includes some p54nrb/PSF/PSP1 homologs from invertebrate species, such as the Drosophila melanogaster gene no-ontransient A (nonA) encoding puff-specific protein Bj6 (also termed NONA) and Chironomus tentans hrp65 gene encoding protein Hrp65. D. melanogaster NONA is involved in eye development and behavior, and may play a role in circadian rhythm maintenance, similar to vertebrate p54nrb. C. tentans Hrp65 is a component of nuclear fibers associated with ribonucleoprotein particles in transit from the gene to the nuclear pore. All family members contain a DBHS domain (for Drosophila behavior, human splicing), which comprises two conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a charged protein-protein interaction module. PSF has an additional large N-terminal domain that differentiates it from other family members.

Pssm-ID: 409769 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 58.08 E-value: 4.88e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12332   4 LFVGNLPNDITEEEFKELFQKYGEVSEVFLNKGKGFGFIRLDTRANAEAAKAELDGTPRKGRQLR 68

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Nicotiana sylvestris chloroplastic 33 kDa ribonucleoprotein (NsCP33) and similar proteins; The family includes NsCP33, Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic 31 kDa ribonucleoprotein (CP31A) and mitochondrial glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 2 (AtGR-RBP2). NsCP33 may be involved in splicing and/or processing of chloroplast RNA's. AtCP31A, also called RNA-binding protein 1/2/3 (AtRBP33), or RNA-binding protein CP31A, or RNA-binding protein RNP-T, or RNA-binding protein cp31, is required for specific RNA editing events in chloroplasts and stabilizes specific chloroplast mRNAs, as well as for normal chloroplast development under cold stress conditions by stabilizing transcripts of numerous mRNAs under these conditions. CP31A may modulate telomere replication through RNA binding domains. AtGR-RBP2, also called AtRBG2, or glycine-rich protein 2 (AtGRP2), or mitochondrial RNA-binding protein 1a (At-mRBP1a), plays a role in RNA transcription or processing during stress. It binds RNAs and DNAs sequence with a preference to single-stranded nucleic acids. AtGR-RBP2 displays strong affinity to poly(U) sequence. It exerts cold and freezing tolerance, probably by exhibiting an RNA chaperone activity during the cold and freezing adaptation process. Some members in this family contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the second RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410187 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 57.95 E-value: 6.55e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd21608   1 KLYVGNLSWDTTEDDLRDLFSEFGEVESAKVITDRETGrsrgfgFVTFSTAEAAEAAIDALNGKELDGRSIV 72

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of yeast protein PUB1, also termed ARS consensus-binding protein ACBP-60, or poly uridylate-binding protein, or poly(U)-binding protein. PUB1 has been identified as both, a heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein (mRNP), which may be stably bound to a translationally inactive subpopulation of mRNAs within the cytoplasm. It is distributed in both, the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and binds to poly(A)+ RNA (mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it is one of the major cellular proteins cross-linked by UV light to polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is nonessential for cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds to T-rich single stranded DNA (ssDNA); however, there is no strong evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism of DNA replication. PUB1 contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a GAR motif (glycine and arginine rich stretch) that is located between RRM2 and RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 410026 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 57.83 E-value: 7.81e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI-----PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12614   1 LYVGNLDPRVTEDLLQEIFAVTGPVENCKIipdknSKGVNYGFVEYYDRRSAEIAIQTLNGRQIFGQEIKVNW 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen R (HuR); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of HuR, also termed ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAV-1), a ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response; it binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. Meanwhile, HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Like other Hu proteins, HuR contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410162 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 57.74 E-value: 8.88e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906  91 MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPS 148
Cdd:cd12769  14 MTQDELRSLFSSIGEVESAKLIRDKVAGHSLGYGFVNYVTAKDAERAINTLNGLRLQS 71

RNA recognition motif 1 and 2 (RRM1, RRM2) found in Arabidopsis thaliana CTC-interacting domain protein CID8, CID9, CID10, CID11, CID12, CID 13 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM domains found in A. thaliana CID8, CID9, CID10, CID11, CID12, CID 13 and mainly their plant homologs. These highly related RNA-binding proteins contain an N-terminal PAM2 domain (PABP-interacting motif 2), two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a basic region that resembles a bipartite nuclear localization signal. The biological role of this family remains unclear.

Pssm-ID: 409672 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 57.47 E-value: 8.88e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSP 351
Cdd:cd12225   2 TIHVGGIDGSLSEDELADYFSNCGEVTQVRLcgdRVHTRFAWVEFATDASALSALN-LDGTTLGGHPLRVSPSKTA 76

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43), yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1 (RBP1), yeast protein NAM8, and similar proteins. SECp43 is an RNA-binding protein associated specifically with eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNA [tRNA(Sec)]. It may play an adaptor role in the mechanism of selenocysteine insertion. SECp43 is located primarily in the nucleus and contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal polar/acidic region. Yeast proteins, NGR1 and NAM8, show high sequence similarity with SECp43. NGR1 is a putative glucose-repressible protein that binds both RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). It may function in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains three RRMs, two of which are followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the C-terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region. NAM8 is a putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. NAM8 also contains three RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409780 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 57.70 E-value: 9.06e-11

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQ 238
Cdd:cd12344   1 TLWMGDLEPWMDEAYISSCFAKTGEEVVSVKIIRNKQTGKSAGYCFVEFATQEAAEQALEHLNGK 65

RNA recognition motif in negative elongation factor E (NELF-E) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of NELF-E, also termed RNA-binding protein RD. NELF-E is the RNA-binding subunit of cellular negative transcription elongation factor NELF (negative elongation factor) involved in transcriptional regulation of HIV-1 by binding to the stem of the viral transactivation-response element (TAR) RNA which is synthesized by cellular RNA polymerase II at the viral long terminal repeat. NELF is a heterotetrameric protein consisting of NELF A, B, C or the splice variant D, and E. NELF-E contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). It plays a role in the control of HIV transcription by binding to TAR RNA. In addition, NELF-E is associated with the NELF-B subunit, probably via a leucine zipper motif.

Pssm-ID: 409746 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 57.33 E-value: 1.12e-10

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDqsVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12305   6 TVYVSGYG--ITEDVLKKAFSPFGNIINISMEIEKNCAFVTFEKMESADQAIAELNGTTVEGVQLKVSIAR 74

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of yeast protein PUB1, also termed ARS consensus-binding protein ACBP-60, or poly uridylate-binding protein, or poly(U)-binding protein. PUB1 has been identified as both, a heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein (mRNP), which may be stably bound to a translationally inactive subpopulation of mRNAs within the cytoplasm. PUB1 is distributed in both, the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and binds to poly(A)+ RNA (mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it is one of the major cellular proteins cross-linked by UV light to polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is nonessential for cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds to T-rich single stranded DNA (ssDNA); however, there is no strong evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism of DNA replication. PUB1 contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a GAR motif (glycine and arginine rich stretch) that is located between RRM2 and RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 410033 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 56.69 E-value: 1.99e-10

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSP 351
Cdd:cd12622   1 TTVYVGNLPPEVTQADLIPLFQNFGVIEEVRVQRDKGFGFVKYDTHEEAALAIQQLNGQPFLGRPIKCSWGKKR 74

sex-lethal family splicing factor; This model describes the sex-lethal family of splicing factors found in Dipteran insects. The sex-lethal phenotype, however, may be limited to the Melanogasters and closely related species. In Drosophila the protein acts as an inhibitor of splicing. This subfamily is most closely related to the ELAV/HUD subfamily of splicing factors (TIGR01661).

Pssm-ID: 273740 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 346 Bit Score: 61.57 E-value: 2.66e-10

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906    91 MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGapMPSSEQAFRLNWAQLGAGERRqaeg 170
Cdd:TIGR01659 119 MTDRELYALFRTIGPINTCRIMRDYKTGYSFGYAFVDFGSEADSQRAIKNLNG--ITVRNKRLKVSYARPGGESIK---- 192

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   171 pEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLtETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYcssrpmrtgPA 250
Cdd:TIGR01659 193 -DTNLYVTNLPRTITDDQL-DTIFGKYGQIVQKNILRDKLTGTPRGVAFVRFNKREEAQEAISALNNVI---------PE 261

                         170
                  ....*....|.
gi 18416906   251 ANKKPLTMQPA 261
Cdd:TIGR01659 262 GGSQPLTVRLA 272

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein SNP1 and similar proteins; SNP1, also called U1 snRNP protein SNP1, or U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa homolog, or U1 70K, or U1 snRNP 70 kDa homolog, interacts with mRNA and is involved in nuclear mRNA splicing. It is a component of the spliceosome, where it is associated with snRNP U1 by binding stem loop I of U1 snRNA. Members in this family contain an N-terminal U1snRNP70 domain and an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also called RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 410194 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 118 Bit Score: 56.55 E-value: 5.08e-10

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 171 PEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd21615  17 PYKTLFVGRLDYSLTELELQKKF-SKFGEIEKIRIVRDKETGKSRGYAFIVFKSESDAKNAFKEGNG 82

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast nuclear polyadenylated RNA-binding protein 4 (Hrp1p or Nab4p) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of Hrp1p and similar proteins. Hrp1p or Nab4p, also termed cleavage factor IB (CFIB), is a sequence-specific trans-acting factor that is essential for mRNA 3'-end formation in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It can be UV cross-linked to RNA and specifically recognizes the (UA)6 RNA element required for both, the cleavage and poly(A) addition steps. Moreover, Hrp1p can shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and play an additional role in the export of mRNAs to the cytoplasm. Hrp1p also interacts with Rna15p and Rna14p, two components of CF1A. In addition, Hrp1p functions as a factor directly involved in modulating the activity of the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway; it binds specifically to a downstream sequence element (DSE)-containing RNA and interacts with Upf1p, a component of the surveillance complex, further triggering the NMD pathway. Hrp1p contains two central RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an arginine-glycine-rich region harboring repeats of the sequence RGGF/Y.

Pssm-ID: 409767 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 55.41 E-value: 5.22e-10

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADES 226
Cdd:cd12330   2 IFVGGLAPDVTEEEFKEYF-EQFGTVVDAVVMLDHDTGRSRGFGFVTFDSES 52

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNP A and hnRNP D subfamilies and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in the hnRNP A subfamily which includes hnRNP A0, hnRNP A1, hnRNP A2/B1, hnRNP A3 and similar proteins. hnRNP A0 is a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. hnRNP A1 is an abundant eukaryotic nuclear RNA-binding protein that may modulate splice site selection in pre-mRNA splicing. hnRNP A2/B1 is an RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE). hnRNP A3 is also a RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that participates in the trafficking of A2RE-containing RNA. The hnRNP A subfamily is characterized by two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus. The hnRNP D subfamily includes hnRNP D0, hnRNP A/B, hnRNP DL and similar proteins. hnRNP D0 is a UUAG-specific nuclear RNA binding protein that may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing and telomere elongation. hnRNP A/B is an RNA unwinding protein with a high affinity for G- followed by U-rich regions. hnRNP A/B has also been identified as an APOBEC1-binding protein that interacts with apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA transcripts around the editing site and thus, plays an important role in apoB mRNA editing. hnRNP DL (or hnRNP D-like) is a dual functional protein that possesses DNA- and RNA-binding properties. It has been implicated in mRNA biogenesis at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. All members in this subfamily contain two putative RRMs and a glycine- and tyrosine-rich C-terminus. The family also contains DAZAP1 (Deleted in azoospermia-associated protein 1), RNA-binding protein Musashi homolog Musashi-1, Musashi-2 and similar proteins. They all harbor two RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409763 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 55.22 E-value: 5.62e-10

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAM 232
Cdd:cd12325   1 LFVGGLSWETTEESLREYFSK-YGEVVDCVVMKDPATGRSRGFGFVTFKDPSSVDAVL 57

RNA recognition motif;

Pssm-ID: 214636 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 55.29 E-value: 5.71e-10

                           10        20        30        40        50        60
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906     81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPM 146
Cdd:smart00360   1 TLFVGNLPPDTTEEELRELFSKFGKVESVRLVRDKETGKSKGFAFVEFESEEDAEKALEALNGKEL 66

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) and 4 (RRM4) found in RNA-binding protein MRN1 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 and RRM4 of MRN1, also termed multicopy suppressor of RSC-NHP6 synthetic lethality protein 1, or post-transcriptional regulator of 69 kDa, and is an RNA-binding protein found in yeast. Although its specific biological role remains unclear, MRN1 might be involved in translational regulation. Members in this family contain four copies of conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409706 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 55.10 E-value: 7.40e-10

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12262   6 VYVGNLDDSLTEEEIRGILEKYGEIESIKILKEKNCAFVNYLNIANAIKAVQELPIKNPKFKKVRINYGK 75

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the Hu proteins family, Drosophila sex-lethal (SXL), and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of Hu proteins and SXL. The Hu proteins family represents a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions. This family also includes the sex-lethal protein (SXL) from Drosophila melanogaster. SXL governs sexual differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in flies. It induces female-specific alternative splicing of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the sex-determination process. SXL binds to its own pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative splicing. It contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein interaction, and tandem RRMs that show high preference to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA transcripts.

Pssm-ID: 409810 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 54.72 E-value: 9.01e-10

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906  91 MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12375  11 MTQEELRSLFGAIGPIESCKLVRDKITGQSLGYGFVNYRDPNDARKAINTLNG 63

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of SECp43, an RNA-binding protein associated specifically with eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNA [tRNA(Sec)]. It may play an adaptor role in the mechanism of selenocysteine insertion. SECp43 is located primarily in the nucleus and contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal polar/acidic region.

Pssm-ID: 410022 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 55.02 E-value: 9.45e-10

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12610   1 SLWMGDLEPYMDENFIKRAFATMGETVLSVKIIRNRVTGGPAGYCFVEFADEATAERCLHKLNG 64

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe mRNA export factor Crp79 and similar proteins; Crp79, also called meiotic expression up-regulated protein 5 (Mug5), or polyadenylate-binding protein crp79, or PABP, or poly(A)-binding protein, is an auxiliary mRNA export factor that binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA and is involved in the export of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410198 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 54.45 E-value: 1.23e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPA--------GKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd21619   3 TIYVGNIDMTINEDALEKIFSRYGQVESVRRPPihtdkadrTTGFGFIKYTDAESAERAMQQADGILLGRRRLVV 77

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen R (HuR); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of HuR, also termed ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAV-1), a ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response; it binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. Meanwhile, HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Like other Hu proteins, HuR contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410162 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 54.66 E-value: 1.25e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRsP 351
Cdd:cd12769   3 TNLIVNYLPQNMTQDELRSLFSSIGEVESAKLIRDKVAGhslgygFVNYVTAKDAERAINTLNGLRLQSKTIKVSYAR-P 81


                .
gi 18416906 352 S 352
Cdd:cd12769  82 S 82

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found found in type I polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of type I poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar proteins. PABP-1 is an ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in mammalian and may play an important role in the testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3 shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1. However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than PABP-1. PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammalian, such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs, PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The family also includes the yeast PABP, a conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409814 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 54.49 E-value: 1.39e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDrTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAANK 253
Cdd:cd12380   4 VYVKNFGEDVDDDELKELFEK-YGKITSAKVMKD-DSGKSKGFGFVNFENHEAAQKAVEELNGKELNGKKLYVGRAQKK 80

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in SMART/HDAC1-associated repressor protein (SHARP) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of SHARP, also termed Msx2-interacting protein (MINT), or SPEN homolog, an estrogen-inducible transcriptional repressor that interacts directly with the nuclear receptor corepressor SMRT, histone deacetylases (HDACs) and components of the NuRD complex. SHARP recruits HDAC activity and binds to the steroid receptor RNA coactivator SRA through four conserved N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), further suppressing SRA-potentiated steroid receptor transcription activity. Thus, SHARP has the capacity to modulate both liganded and nonliganded nuclear receptors. SHARP also has been identified as a component of transcriptional repression complexes in Notch/RBP-Jkappa signaling pathways. In addition to the N-terminal RRMs, SHARP possesses a C-terminal SPOC domain (Spen paralog and ortholog C-terminal domain), which is highly conserved among Spen proteins.

Pssm-ID: 409786 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 53.95 E-value: 1.57e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12350   4 TLFIGNLEKTTTYGDLRNIFERFGEIIDIDIkkqNGNPQYAFLQYCDIASVVKAIKKMDGEYLGNNRLKL 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in nucleolin-like proteins mainly from plants; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of a group of plant nucleolin-like proteins, including nucleolin 1 (also termed protein nucleolin like 1) and nucleolin 2 (also termed protein nucleolin like 2, or protein parallel like 1). They play roles in the regulation of ribosome synthesis and in the growth and development of plants. Like yeast nucleolin, nucleolin-like proteins possess two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409884 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 53.94 E-value: 1.66e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMtEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12450   1 TLFVGNLSWSATQDDLENFFSD-CGEVVDVRIAMDRDDGRSKGFGHVEFASAESAQKAL-EKSGQDLGGREIR 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Arabidopsis thaliana phragmoplastin interacting protein 1 (PHIP1) and similar proteins; The CD corresponds to the RRM2 of PHIP1. A. thaliana PHIP1 and its homologs represent a novel class of plant-specific RNA-binding proteins that may play a unique role in the polarized mRNA transport to the vicinity of the cell plate. The family members consist of multiple functional domains, including a lysine-rich domain (KRD domain) that contains three nuclear localization motifs (KKKR/NK), two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), and three CCHC-type zinc fingers. PHIP1 is a peripheral membrane protein and is localized at the cell plate during cytokinesis in plants. In addition to phragmoplastin, PHIP1 interacts with two Arabidopsis small GTP-binding proteins, Rop1 and Ran2. However, PHIP1 interacted only with the GTP-bound form of Rop1 but not the GDP-bound form. It also binds specifically to Ran2 mRNA.

Pssm-ID: 409715 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 53.56 E-value: 2.21e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKA--VYSSVKGAKvvnDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMtEMNGQYCSSRPMRTG 248
Cdd:cd12272   1 TVYIGNLAWDIDEDDLRELFAEccEITNVRLHT---DKETGEFKGYGHVEFADEESLDAAL-KLAGTKLCGRPIRVD 73

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in plant Mei2-like proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of Mei2-like proteins that represent an ancient eukaryotic RNA-binding proteins family. Their corresponding Mei2-like genes appear to have arisen early in eukaryote evolution, been lost from some lineages such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and metazoans, and diversified in the plant lineage. The plant Mei2-like genes may function in cell fate specification during development, rather than as stimulators of meiosis. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The C-terminal RRM (RRM3) is unique to Mei2-like proteins and is highly conserved between plants and fungi. To date, the intracellular localization, RNA target(s), cellular interactions and phosphorylation states of Mei2-like proteins in plants remain unclear.

Pssm-ID: 409948 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 53.28 E-value: 2.46e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVK-IPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12529   3 TLVVFNLDPSISNDDLHQIFGAYGEIKEIReTPNKRHHKFIEFYDVRSAEAALKALNKSEIAGKRIKL 70

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in the Spen (split end) protein family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 domain in the Spen (split end) protein family which includes RNA binding motif protein 15 (RBM15), putative RNA binding motif protein 15B (RBM15B), and similar proteins found in Metazoa. RBM15, also termed one-twenty two protein 1 (OTT1), conserved in eukaryotes, is a novel mRNA export factor and component of the NXF1 pathway. It binds to NXF1 and serves as receptor for the RNA export element RTE. It also possess mRNA export activity and can facilitate the access of DEAD-box protein DBP5 to mRNA at the nuclear pore complex (NPC). RNA-binding protein 15B (RBM15B), also termed one twenty-two 3 (OTT3), is a paralog of RBM15 and therefore has post-transcriptional regulatory activity. It is a nuclear protein sharing with RBM15 the association with the splicing factor compartment and the nuclear envelope as well as the binding to mRNA export factors NXF1 and Aly/REF. Members in this family belong to the Spen (split end) protein family, which share a domain architecture comprising of three N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal SPOC (Spen paralog and ortholog C-terminal) domain.

Pssm-ID: 240755 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 53.56 E-value: 2.57e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFG--ELVHVKIPA---GKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12309   4 TLFVGNLEITITEEELRRAFERYGvvEDVDIKRPPrgqGNAYAFVKFLNLDMAHRAKVAMSGQYIGRNQIKIGYGK 79

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in RNA-binding protein 7 (RBM7) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM7, RBM11 and their eukaryotic homologous. RBM7 is an ubiquitously expressed pre-mRNA splicing factor that enhances messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing in a cell-specific manner or in a certain developmental process, such as spermatogenesis. It interacts with splicing factors SAP145 (the spliceosomal splicing factor 3b subunit 2) and SRp20, and may play a more specific role in meiosis entry and progression. Together with additional testis-specific RNA-binding proteins, RBM7 may regulate the splicing of specific pre-mRNA species that are important in the meiotic cell cycle. RBM11 is a novel tissue-specific splicing regulator that is selectively expressed in brain, cerebellum and testis, and to a lower extent in kidney. It is localized in the nucleoplasm and enriched in SRSF2-containing splicing speckles. It may play a role in the modulation of alternative splicing during neuron and germ cell differentiation. Both, RBM7 and RBM11, contain an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a region lacking known homology at the C-terminus. The RRM is responsible for RNA binding, whereas the C-terminal region permits nuclear localization and homodimerization.

Pssm-ID: 409773 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 53.46 E-value: 2.80e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP-----AGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12336   1 DRTLFVGNLDPRVTEEILYELFLQAGPLEGVKIPkdpngKPKNFAFVTFKHEVSVPYAIQLLNGIRLFGREIRIK 75

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of yeast protein PUB1, also termed ARS consensus-binding protein ACBP-60, or poly uridylate-binding protein, or poly(U)-binding protein. PUB1 has been identified as both, a heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein (mRNP), which may be stably bound to a translationally inactive subpopulation of mRNAs within the cytoplasm. It is distributed in both, the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and binds to poly(A)+ RNA (mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it is one of the major cellular proteins cross-linked by UV light to polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is nonessential for cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds to T-rich single stranded DNA (ssDNA); however, there is no strong evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism of DNA replication. PUB1 contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a GAR motif (glycine and arginine rich stretch) that is located between RRM2 and RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 410026 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 53.21 E-value: 3.15e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQN-GYSegYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMpsSEQAFRLNWA 158
Cdd:cd12614   1 LYVGNLDPRVTEDLLQEIFAVTGPVENCKIIPDKNSkGVN--YGFVEYYDRRSAEIAIQTLNGRQI--FGQEIKVNWA 74

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4H (eIF-4H) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of eIF-4H, also termed Williams-Beuren syndrome chromosomal region 1 protein, which, together with elf-4B/eIF-4G, serves as the accessory protein of RNA helicase eIF-4A. eIF-4H contains a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). It stimulates protein synthesis by enhancing the helicase activity of eIF-4A in the initiation step of mRNA translation.

Pssm-ID: 409835 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 53.06 E-value: 3.73e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 171 PEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVysSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMtEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12401   4 PPFTAYVGNLPFNTVQGDLDAIFKDL--KVRSVRLVRDRETDKFKGFCYVEFEDLESLKEAL-EYDGALFEDRPLRVDIA 80


                ....
gi 18416906 251 ANKK 254
Cdd:cd12401  81 EGRK 84

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in RNA-binding protein 45 (RBM45) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM45, also termed developmentally-regulated RNA-binding protein 1 (DRB1), a new member of RNA recognition motif (RRM)-type neural RNA-binding proteins, which expresses under spatiotemporal control. It is encoded by gene drb1 that is expressed in neurons, not in glial cells. RBM45 predominantly localizes in cytoplasm of cultured cells and specifically binds to poly(C) RNA. It could play an important role during neurogenesis. RBM45 carries four RRMs, also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409801 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 53.09 E-value: 4.03e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 183 DVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQY--CSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12366  13 SVTEDDLREAF-SPFGEIQDIWVVKDKQTKESKGIAYVKFAKSSQAARAMEEMHGKClgDDTKPIK 77

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found found in type I polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of type I poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar proteins. PABP-1 is an ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in mammalian and may play an important role in the testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3 shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1. However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than PABP-1. PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammalian, such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs, PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The family also includes the yeast PABP, a conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409814 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 52.56 E-value: 5.23e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGK-RC-GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12380   2 TNVYVKNFGEDVDDDELKELFEKYGKITSAKVmkdDSGKsKGfGFVNFENHEAAQKAVEELNGKELNGKKL 72

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in RNA-binding protein 45 (RBM45) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM4 of RBM45, also termed developmentally-regulated RNA-binding protein 1 (DRB1), a new member of RNA recognition motif (RRM)-type neural RNA-binding proteins, which expresses under spatiotemporal control. It is encoded by gene drb1 that is expressed in neurons, not in glial cells. RBM45 predominantly localizes in cytoplasm of cultured cells and specifically binds to poly(C) RNA. It could play an important role during neurogenesis. RBM45 carries four RRMs, also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409804 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 68 Bit Score: 52.29 E-value: 5.26e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 294 LKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12369  16 LEDVFCRFGNLIDVYLVPGKNVGYAKYADRESAEEAITTLHGKEVNGVKLK 66

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in CELF/Bruno-like family of RNA binding proteins CELF1, CELF2, CELF3, CELF4, CELF5, CELF6 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) proteins, a family of structurally related RNA-binding proteins involved in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus and in the control of mRNA translation and deadenylation in the cytoplasm. The family contains six members: CELF-1 (also termed BRUNOL-2, or CUG-BP1, or NAPOR, or EDEN-BP), CELF-2 (also termed BRUNOL-3, or ETR-3, or CUG-BP2, or NAPOR-2), CELF-3 (also termed BRUNOL-1, or TNRC4, or ETR-1, or CAGH4, or ER DA4), CELF-4 (also termed BRUNOL-4), CELF-5 (also termed BRUNOL-5), CELF-6 (also termed BRUNOL-6). They all contain three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The low sequence conservation of the linker region is highly suggestive of a large variety in the co-factors that associate with the various CELF family members. Based on both sequence similarity and function, the CELF family can be divided into two subfamilies, the first containing CELFs 1 and 2, and the second containing CELFs 3, 4, 5, and 6. The different CELF proteins may act through different sites on at least some substrates. Furthermore, CELF proteins may interact with each other in varying combinations to influence alternative splicing in different contexts.

Pssm-ID: 409797 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 52.23 E-value: 5.54e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12362   1 LFVYHLPNEFTDQDLYQLFAP-FGNVVSAKVFVDKNTGRSKGFGFVSYDNPLSAQAAIKAMNG 62

RNA recognition motif 3 in fungal pre-messenger RNA splicing protein 24 (Prp24) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of Prp24, also termed U4/U6 snRNA-associated-splicing factor PRP24 (U4/U6 snRNP), an RNA-binding protein with four well conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). It facilitates U6 RNA base-pairing with U4 RNA during spliceosome assembly. Prp24 specifically binds free U6 RNA primarily with RRMs 1 and 2 and facilitates pairing of U6 RNA bases with U4 RNA bases. Additionally, it may also be involved in dissociation of the U4/U6 complex during spliceosome activation.

Pssm-ID: 409739 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 52.26 E-value: 6.16e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKR---------CGFVQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12298   3 IRVRNLDFELDEEALRGIFEKFGEIESINIPKKQKnrkgrhnngFAFVTFEDADSAESALQ-LNGTLLDNRKISVS 77

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in RNA-binding protein with serine-rich domain 1 (RNPS1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RNPS1 and its eukaryotic homologs. RNPS1, also termed RNA-binding protein prevalent during the S phase, or SR-related protein LDC2, was originally characterized as a general pre-mRNA splicing activator, which activates both constitutive and alternative splicing of pre-mRNA in vitro.It has been identified as a protein component of the splicing-dependent mRNP complex, or exon-exon junction complex (EJC), and is directly involved in mRNA surveillance. Furthermore, RNPS1 is a splicing regulator whose activator function is controlled in part by CK2 (casein kinase II) protein kinase phosphorylation. It can also function as a squamous-cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells-3 (SART3)-binding protein, and is involved in the regulation of mRNA splicing. RNPS1 contains an N-terminal serine-rich (S) domain, a central RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and the C-terminal arginine/serine/proline-rich (RS/P) domain.

Pssm-ID: 409800 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 52.17 E-value: 7.11e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAG------KRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12365   1 LHVGKLTRNVTKDHLKEIFSVYGTVKNVDLPIDrepnlpRGYAYVEFESPEDAEKAIKHMDGGQIDGQEVTVE 73

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast protein gar2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of yeast protein gar2, a novel nucleolar protein required for 18S rRNA and 40S ribosomal subunit accumulation. It shares similar domain architecture with nucleolin from vertebrates and NSR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated N-terminal domain of gar2 is made up of highly acidic regions separated from each other by basic sequences, and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The central domain of gar2 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of gar2 is rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues.

Pssm-ID: 409882 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 52.02 E-value: 7.25e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAG------KRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12448   1 LFVGNLPFSATQDALYEAFSQHGSIVSVRLPTDretgqpKGFGYVDFSTIDSAEAAIDALGGEYIDGRPIRLD 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in granule-associated RNA binding proteins p40-TIA-1 and TIAR; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1 or TIA-1) and nucleolysin TIA-1-related protein (TIAR), both of which are granule-associated RNA binding proteins involved in inducing apoptosis in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. TIA-1 and TIAR share high sequence similarity. They are expressed in a wide variety of cell types. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis.TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. Both, TIA-1 and TIAR, bind specifically to poly(A) but not to poly(C) homopolymers. They are composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 and TIAR interact with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and their RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs. The C-terminal auxiliary domain may be responsible for interacting with other proteins. In addition, TIA-1 and TIAR share a potential serine protease-cleavage site (Phe-Val-Arg) localized at the junction between their RNA binding domains and their C-terminal auxiliary domains.

Pssm-ID: 409788 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 52.02 E-value: 7.26e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKR-CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12352   1 LYVGNLDRQVTEDLILQLFSQIGPCKSCKMiteHGGNDpYCFVEFYEHNHAAAALQAMNGRKILGKEVKVNW 72

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A subfamily; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A0, hnRNP A1, hnRNP A2/B1, hnRNP A3 and similar proteins. hnRNP A0 is a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. It has been identified as the substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may be involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced post-transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A1 is an abundant eukaryotic nuclear RNA-binding protein that may modulate splice site selection in pre-mRNA splicing. hnRNP A2/B1 is an RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE). Many mRNAs, such as myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin-associated oligodendrocytic basic protein (MOBP), carboxyanhydrase II (CAII), microtubule-associated protein tau, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) are trafficked by hnRNP A2/B1. hnRNP A3 is also a RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that participates in the trafficking of A2RE-containing RNA. The hnRNP A subfamily is characterized by two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409766 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 51.89 E-value: 8.22e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFAD 224
Cdd:cd12328   2 LFVGGLKEDVEEEDLREYFSQ-FGKVESVEIVTDKETGKKRGFAFVTFDD 50

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 (CSTF2), yeast ortholog mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of CSTF2, its tau variant and eukaryotic homologs. CSTF2, also termed cleavage stimulation factor 64 kDa subunit (CstF64), is the vertebrate conterpart of yeast mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15. It is expressed in all somatic tissues and is one of three cleavage stimulatory factor (CstF) subunits required for polyadenylation. CstF64 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a CstF77-binding domain, a repeated MEARA helical region and a conserved C-terminal domain reported to bind the transcription factor PC-4. During polyadenylation, CstF interacts with the pre-mRNA through the RRM of CstF64 at U- or GU-rich sequences within 10 to 30 nucleotides downstream of the cleavage site. CSTF2T, also termed tauCstF64, is a paralog of the X-linked cleavage stimulation factor CstF64 protein that supports polyadenylation in most somatic cells. It is expressed during meiosis and subsequent haploid differentiation in a more limited set of tissues and cell types, largely in meiotic and postmeiotic male germ cells, and to a lesser extent in brain. The loss of CSTF2T will cause male infertility, as it is necessary for spermatogenesis and fertilization. Moreover, CSTF2T is required for expression of genes involved in morphological differentiation of spermatids, as well as for genes having products that function during interaction of motile spermatozoa with eggs. It promotes germ cell-specific patterns of polyadenylation by using its RRM to bind to different sequence elements downstream of polyadenylation sites than does CstF64. The family also includes yeast ortholog mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15 and similar proteins. RNA15 is a core subunit of cleavage factor IA (CFIA), an essential transcriptional 3'-end processing factor from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RNA recognition by CFIA is mediated by an N-terminal RRM, which is contained in the RNA15 subunit of the complex. The RRM of RNA15 has a strong preference for GU-rich RNAs, mediated by a binding pocket that is entirely conserved in both yeast and vertebrate RNA15 orthologs.

Pssm-ID: 409832 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 51.75 E-value: 8.81e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI--------PAGKrcGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12398   2 SVFVGNIPYDATEEQLKEIFSEVGPVVSFRLvtdretgkPKGY--GFCEFRDAETALSAVRNLNGYELNGRPLRVDF 76

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in nucleolar protein 8 (NOL8) and similar proteins; This model corresponds to the RRM of NOL8 (also termed Nop132) encoded by a novel NOL8 gene that is up-regulated in the majority of diffuse-type, but not intestinal-type, gastric cancers. Thus, NOL8 may be a good molecular target for treatment of diffuse-type gastric cancer. Also, NOL8 is a phosphorylated protein that contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), suggesting NOL8 is likely to function as a novel RNA-binding protein. It may be involved in regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level or in ribosome biogenesis in cancer cells.

Pssm-ID: 409673 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 51.81 E-value: 8.96e-09

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFG-----ELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQY-ANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12226   2 LFVGGLSPSITEDDLERRFSRFGtvsdvEIIRKKDAPDRGFAYIDLrTSEAALQKCLSTLNGVKWKGSRLKIQLAK 77

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in transformer-2 protein homolog TRA2-alpha, TRA2-beta and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of two mammalian homologs of Drosophila transformer-2 (Tra2), TRA2-alpha, TRA2-beta (also termed SFRS10), and similar proteins found in eukaryotes. TRA2-alpha is a 40-kDa serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein that specifically binds to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) exonic splicing enhancer on exon 4 (ESE4) and is necessary for enhanced GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. It strongly stimulates GnRH intron A excision in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, TRA2-alpha can interact with either 9G8 or SRp30c, which may also be crucial for ESE-dependent GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. TRA2-beta is a serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein that controls the pre-mRNA alternative splicing of the calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) protein and the tau protein. Both, TRA2-alpha and TRA2-beta, contains a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), flanked by the N- and C-terminal arginine/serine (RS)-rich regions.

Pssm-ID: 409798 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 51.46 E-value: 1.24e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 180 LAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRT 247
Cdd:cd12363   9 LSLYTTERDLREVFSR-YGPIEKVQVVYDQQTGRSRGFGFVYFESVEDAKEAKERLNGQEIDGRRIRV 75

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Nicotiana sylvestris chloroplastic 33 kDa ribonucleoprotein (NsCP33) and similar proteins; The family includes NsCP33, Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic 31 kDa ribonucleoprotein (CP31A) and mitochondrial glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 2 (AtGR-RBP2). NsCP33 may be involved in splicing and/or processing of chloroplast RNA's. AtCP31A, also called RNA-binding protein 1/2/3 (AtRBP33), or RNA-binding protein CP31A, or RNA-binding protein RNP-T, or RNA-binding protein cp31, is required for specific RNA editing events in chloroplasts and stabilizes specific chloroplast mRNAs, as well as for normal chloroplast development under cold stress conditions by stabilizing transcripts of numerous mRNAs under these conditions. CP31A may modulate telomere replication through RNA binding domains. AtGR-RBP2, also called AtRBG2, or glycine-rich protein 2 (AtGRP2), or mitochondrial RNA-binding protein 1a (At-mRBP1a), plays a role in RNA transcription or processing during stress. It binds RNAs and DNAs sequence with a preference to single-stranded nucleic acids. AtGR-RBP2 displays strong affinity to poly(U) sequence. It exerts cold and freezing tolerance, probably by exhibiting an RNA chaperone activity during the cold and freezing adaptation process. Some members in this family contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the second RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410187 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 51.40 E-value: 1.27e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPM 146
Cdd:cd21608   2 LYVGNLSWDTTEDDLRDLFSEFGEVESAKVITDRETGRSRGFGFVTFSTAEAAEAAIDALNGKEL 66

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein 39 (RBM39) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RNA-binding protein 39 (RBM39), RNA-binding protein 23 (RBM23) and similar proteins. RBM39 (also termed HCC1) is a nuclear autoantigen that contains an N-terminal arginine/serine rich (RS) motif and three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). An octapeptide sequence called the RS-ERK motif is repeated six times in the RS region of RBM39. Although the cellular function of RBM23 remains unclear, it shows high sequence homology to RBM39 and contains two RRMs. It may possibly function as a pre-mRNA splicing factor.

Pssm-ID: 409725 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 51.46 E-value: 1.35e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTeMNGQ 238
Cdd:cd12283   1 TVFVMQLSLKARERDLYEFFSKA-GKVRDVRLIMDRNSRRSKGVAYVEFYDVESVPLALA-LTGQ 63

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Nrd1, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Rpb7-binding protein seb1 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of Nrd1 and Seb1. Nrd1 is a novel heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-like RNA-binding protein encoded by gene NRD1 (for nuclear pre-mRNA down-regulation) from yeast S. cerevisiae. It is implicated in 3' end formation of small nucleolar and small nuclear RNAs transcribed by polymerase II, and plays a critical role in pre-mRNA metabolism. Nrd1 contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a short arginine-, serine-, and glutamate-rich segment similar to the regions rich in RE and RS dipeptides (RE/RS domains) in many metazoan splicing factors, and a proline- and glutamine-rich C-terminal domain (P+Q domain) similar to domains found in several yeast hnRNPs. Disruption of NRD1 gene is lethal to yeast cells. Its N-terminal domain is sufficient for viability, which may facilitate interactions with RNA polymerase II where Nrd1 may function as an auxiliary factor. By contrast, the RRM, RE/RS domains, and P+Q domain are dispensable. Seb1 is an RNA-binding protein encoded by gene seb1 (for seven binding) from fission yeast S. pombe. It is essential for cell viability and bound directly to Rpb7 subunit of RNA polymerase II. Seb1 is involved in processing of polymerase II transcripts. It also contains one RRM motif and a region rich in arginine-serine dipeptides (RS domain).

Pssm-ID: 409768 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 51.41 E-value: 1.39e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12331   5 TLFIGGVTLNMKEWDLRSVFKRFGEVQSVILNNSRRHAFVKMYSRHEAENALQAMEKVPDGDLPLRTRWG 74

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in splicing factor 3B subunit 4 (SF3B4) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of SF3B4, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SF3b 49 kDa (SF3b50), or spliceosome-associated protein 49 (SAP 49). SF3B4 a component of the multiprotein complex splicing factor 3b (SF3B), an integral part of the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) and the U11/U12 di-snRNP. SF3B is essential for the accurate excision of introns from pre-messenger RNA, and is involved in the recognition of the pre-mRNA's branch site within the major and minor spliceosomes. SF3B4 functions to tether U2 snRNP with pre-mRNA at the branch site during spliceosome assembly. It is an evolutionarily highly conserved protein with orthologs across diverse species. SF3B4 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). It binds directly to pre-mRNA and also interacts directly and highly specifically with another SF3B subunit called SAP 145.

Pssm-ID: 409771 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 51.45 E-value: 1.40e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC------GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12334   1 VYVGNLDEKVTEELLWELFIQAGPVVNVHMPKDRVTqqhqgyGFVEFLSEEDADYAIKIMNMIKLYGKPIRVN 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in plant flowering time control protein FCA and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of FCA, a gene controlling flowering time in Arabidopsis, encoding a flowering time control protein that functions in the posttranscriptional regulation of transcripts involved in the flowering process. FCA contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a WW protein interaction domain.

Pssm-ID: 241077 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 51.12 E-value: 1.74e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKR------CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNG--TQLGGQS 342
Cdd:cd12633   2 LFVGSVPRTITEQEVRPMFEEHGNVLEVAIIKDKRtghqqgCCFVKYSTRDEADRAIRALHNqrTLPGGAS 72

RNA recognition motif 5 (RRM5) found in RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19 or RBD-1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM5 of RBM19 and RRM4 of MRD1. RBM19, also termed RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), is a nucleolar protein conserved in eukaryotes involved in ribosome biogenesis by processing rRNA and is essential for preimplantation development. It has a unique domain organization containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409757 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 51.07 E-value: 1.76e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI-----PAGKRC----GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12318   1 TTLFVKNLNFKTTEEALKKHFEKCGPIRSVTIakkkdPKGPLLsmgyGFVEFKSPEAAQKALKQLQGTVLDGHALELK 78

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of yeast protein PUB1, also termed ARS consensus-binding protein ACBP-60, or poly uridylate-binding protein, or poly(U)-binding protein. PUB1 has been identified as both, a heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein (mRNP), which may be stably bound to a translationally inactive subpopulation of mRNAs within the cytoplasm. It is distributed in both, the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and binds to poly(A)+ RNA (mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it is one of the major cellular proteins cross-linked by UV light to polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is nonessential for cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds to T-rich single stranded DNA (ssDNA). However, there is no strong evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism of DNA replication. PUB1 contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a GAR motif (glycine and arginine rich stretch) that is located between RRM2 and RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 410031 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 50.96 E-value: 1.89e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSseQAFRLNWA 158
Cdd:cd12619   3 NIFVGDLSPEVTDAALFNAFSDFPSCSDARVMWDQKTGRSRGYGFVSFRSQQDAQNAINSMNGKWLGS--RPIRCNWA 78

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen B (HuB); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of HuB, also termed ELAV-like protein 2 (ELAV-2), or ELAV-like neuronal protein 1, or nervous system-specific RNA-binding protein Hel-N1 (Hel-N1), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads and is up-regulated during neuronal differentiation of embryonic carcinoma P19 cells. Like other Hu proteins, HuB contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410164 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 51.26 E-value: 1.90e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 274 DPTNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12771   1 EDSKTNLIVNYLPQNMTQEELKSLFGSIGEIESCKLVRDKITGqslgygFVNYIEPKDAEKAINTLNGLRLQTKTIKVSY 80


                ..
gi 18416906 348 GR 349
Cdd:cd12771  81 AR 82

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B (eIF-4B) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of eIF-4B, a multi-domain RNA-binding protein that has been primarily implicated in promoting the binding of 40S ribosomal subunits to mRNA during translation initiation. It contains two RNA-binding domains; the N-terminal well-conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), binds the 18S rRNA of the 40S ribosomal subunit and the C-terminal basic domain (BD), including two arginine-rich motifs (ARMs), binds mRNA during initiation, and is primarily responsible for the stimulation of the helicase activity of eIF-4A. eIF-4B also contains a DRYG domain (a region rich in Asp, Arg, Tyr, and Gly amino acids) in the middle, which is responsible for both, self-association of eIF-4B and binding to the p170 subunit of eIF3. Additional research indicates that eIF-4B can interact with the poly(A) binding protein (PABP) in mammalian cells, which can stimulate both, the eIF-4B-mediated activation of the helicase activity of eIF-4A and binding of poly(A) by PABP. eIF-4B has also been shown to interact specifically with the internal ribosome entry sites (IRES) of several picornaviruses which facilitate cap-independent translation initiation.

Pssm-ID: 409836 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 51.07 E-value: 1.93e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 171 PEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVysSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTeMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12402   1 PPYTAYLGNLPYDVTEDDIEDFFRGL--NISSVRLPRENGPGRLRGFGYVEFEDRESLIQALS-LNEESLKNRRIR 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the Hu proteins family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of the Hu proteins family which represents a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410053 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 50.87 E-value: 1.94e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC------GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12650   1 TNLIVNYLPQNMTQDEIRSLFSSIGEIESCKLIRDKVTgqslgyGFVNYVDPSDAEKAINTLNGLRLQNKTIKVSY 76

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in splicing factor 3B subunit 4 (SF3B4) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of SF3B4, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SF3b 49 kDa (SF3b50), or spliceosome-associated protein 49 (SAP 49). SF3B4 a component of the multiprotein complex splicing factor 3b (SF3B), an integral part of the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) and the U11/U12 di-snRNP. SF3B is essential for the accurate excision of introns from pre-messenger RNA, and is involved in the recognition of the pre-mRNA's branch site within the major and minor spliceosomes. SF3B4 functions to tether U2 snRNP with pre-mRNA at the branch site during spliceosome assembly. It is an evolutionarily highly conserved protein with orthologs across diverse species. SF3B4 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). It binds directly to pre-mRNA and also interacts directly and highly specifically with another SF3B subunit called SAP 145.

Pssm-ID: 409771 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 50.68 E-value: 1.97e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkavyssVKGAKVVN-----DRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12334   1 VYVGNLDEKVTEELLWELF------IQAGPVVNvhmpkDRVTQQHQGYGFVEFLSEEDADYAIKIMNMIKLYGKPIR 71

ELAV/HuD family splicing factor; This model describes the ELAV/HuD subfamily of splicing factors found in metazoa. HuD stands for the human paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen D of which there are 4 variants in human. ELAV stnds for the Drosophila Embryonic lethal abnormal visual protein. ELAV-like splicing factors are also known in human as HuB (ELAV-like protein 2), HuC (ELAV-like protein 3, Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen) and HuR (ELAV-like protein 1). These genes are most closely related to the sex-lethal subfamily of splicing factors found in Dipteran insects (TIGR01659). These proteins contain 3 RNA-recognition motifs (rrm: pfam00076).

Pssm-ID: 273741 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 352 Bit Score: 55.72 E-value: 2.06e-08

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   276 TNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:TIGR01661   2 SKTNLIVNYLPQTMTQEEIRSLFTSIGEIESCKLVRDKVTGqslgygFVNYVRPEDAEKAVNSLNGLRLQNKTIKVSYAR 81


                  ....*.
gi 18416906   350 sPSNKQ 355
Cdd:TIGR01661  82 -PSSDS 86

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate deleted in azoospermia-like (DAZL) proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of DAZL, also termed SPGY-like-autosomal, encoded by the autosomal homolog of DAZ gene, DAZL. It is ancestral to the deleted in azoospermia (DAZ) protein. DAZL is germ-cell-specific RNA-binding protein that contains a RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a DAZ motif, a protein-protein interaction domain. Although their specific biochemical functions remain to be investigated, DAZL proteins may interact with poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), and act as translational activators of specific mRNAs during gametogenesis.

Pssm-ID: 410073 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 50.94 E-value: 2.35e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 173 HTVFVGDLapDVT-DHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEqIRAMTEMNGQYcSSRPMRTGPAA 251
Cdd:cd12672   6 NTVFVGGI--DIRmDENEIRSFFARYGSVKEVKIITDRT-GVSKGYGFVSFYDDVD-IQKIVESQINF-HGKKLKLGPAI 80


                ..
gi 18416906 252 NK 253
Cdd:cd12672  81 RK 82

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in granule-associated RNA binding proteins p40-TIA-1 and TIAR; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1 or TIA-1) and nucleolysin TIA-1-related protein (TIAR), both of which are granule-associated RNA binding proteins involved in inducing apoptosis in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. TIA-1 and TIAR share high sequence similarity. They are expressed in a wide variety of cell types. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis.TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. Both, TIA-1 and TIAR, bind specifically to poly(A) but not to poly(C) homopolymers. They are composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 and TIAR interact with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and their RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs. The C-terminal auxiliary domain may be responsible for interacting with other proteins. In addition, TIA-1 and TIAR share a potential serine protease-cleavage site (Phe-Val-Arg) localized at the junction between their RNA binding domains and their C-terminal auxiliary domains.

Pssm-ID: 409788 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 50.48 E-value: 2.59e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGysEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSSEqaFRLNWA 158
Cdd:cd12352   1 LYVGNLDRQVTEDLILQLFSQIGPCKSCKMITEHGGN--DPYCFVEFYEHNHAAAALQAMNGRKILGKE--VKVNWA 73

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein 34 (RBM34) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM34, a putative RNA-binding protein containing two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). Although the function of RBM34 remains unclear currently, its RRM domains may participate in mRNA processing. RBM34 may act as an mRNA processing-related protein.

Pssm-ID: 409829 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 50.57 E-value: 2.74e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADeSEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12395   1 SVFVGNLPFDIEEEELRKHFEDC-GDVEAVRIVRDRETGIGKGFGYVLFKD-KDSVDLALKLNGSKLRGRKLR 71

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa (U1-70K) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of U1-70K, also termed snRNP70, a key component of the U1 snRNP complex, which is one of the key factors facilitating the splicing of pre-mRNA via interaction at the 5' splice site, and is involved in regulation of polyadenylation of some viral and cellular genes, enhancing or inhibiting efficient poly(A) site usage. U1-70K plays an essential role in targeting the U1 snRNP to the 5' splice site through protein-protein interactions with regulatory RNA-binding splicing factors, such as the RS protein ASF/SF2. Moreover, U1-70K protein can specifically bind to stem-loop I of the U1 small nuclear RNA (U1 snRNA) contained in the U1 snRNP complex. It also mediates the binding of U1C, another U1-specific protein, to the U1 snRNP complex. U1-70K contains a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by an adjacent glycine-rich region at the N-terminal half, and two serine/arginine-rich (SR) domains at the C-terminal half. The RRM is responsible for the binding of stem-loop I of U1 snRNA molecule. Additionally, the most prominent immunodominant region that can be recognized by auto-antibodies from autoimmune patients may be located within the RRM. The SR domains are involved in protein-protein interaction with SR proteins that mediate 5' splice site recognition. For instance, the first SR domain is necessary and sufficient for ASF/SF2 Binding. The family also includes Drosophila U1-70K that is an essential splicing factor required for viability in flies, but its SR domain is dispensable. The yeast U1-70k doesn't contain easily recognizable SR domains and shows low sequence similarity in the RRM region with other U1-70k proteins and therefore not included in this family. The RRM domain is dispensable for yeast U1-70K function.

Pssm-ID: 409682 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 91 Bit Score: 51.08 E-value: 2.77e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12236   3 TLFVARLSYDTTESKLRREF-EKYGPIKRVRLVRDKKTGKSRGYAFIEFEHERDMKAAYKHADG 65

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in the scaffold attachment factor (SAFB) family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of the SAFB family, including scaffold attachment factor B1 (SAFB1), scaffold attachment factor B2 (SAFB2), SAFB-like transcriptional modulator (SLTM), and similar proteins, which are ubiquitously expressed. SAFB1, SAFB2 and SLTM have been implicated in many diverse cellular processes including cell growth and transformation, stress response, and apoptosis. They share high sequence similarities and all contain a scaffold attachment factor-box (SAF-box, also known as SAP domain) DNA-binding motif, an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a region rich in glutamine and arginine residues. SAFB1 is a nuclear protein with a distribution similar to that of SLTM, but unlike that of SAFB2, which is also found in the cytoplasm. To a large extent, SAFB1 and SLTM might share similar functions, such as the inhibition of an oestrogen reporter gene. The additional cytoplasmic localization of SAFB2 implies that it could play additional roles in the cytoplasmic compartment which are distinct from the nuclear functions shared with SAFB1 and SLTM.

Pssm-ID: 409851 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 50.33 E-value: 2.95e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12417   2 LWISGLSDTTKAADLKKIFSKYGKVVSAKVvtsartPGSRCYGYVTMASVEEADLCIKSLNKTELHGRVITV 73

RNA recognition motif (RRM) domain [Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis];

Pssm-ID: 440488 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 50.48 E-value: 3.15e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAP 145
Cdd:COG0724   3 KIYVGNLPYSVTEEDLRELFSEYGEVTSVKLITDRETGRSRGFGFVEMPDDEEAQAAIEALNGAE 67

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in CUGBP Elav-like family member CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, CELF-6 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, and CELF-6, all of which belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding proteins that display dual nuclear and cytoplasmic localizations and have been implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and in the control of mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-3, expressed in brain and testis only, is also known as bruno-like protein 1 (BRUNOL-1), or CAG repeat protein 4, or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 3, or embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV)-type RNA-binding protein 1 (ETR-1), or expanded repeat domain protein CAG/CTG 4, or trinucleotide repeat-containing gene 4 protein (TNRC4). It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of tauopathies. CELF-3 contains three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The effect of CELF-3 on tau splicing is mediated mainly by the RNA-binding activity of RRM2. The divergent linker region might mediate the interaction of CELF-3 with other proteins regulating its activity or involved in target recognition. CELF-4, being highly expressed throughout the brain and in glandular tissues, moderately expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, and liver, is also known as bruno-like protein 4 (BRUNOL-4), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 4. Like CELF-3, CELF-4 also contain three highly conserved RRMs. The splicing activation or repression activity of CELF-4 on some specific substrates is mediated by its RRM1/RRM2. On the other hand, both RRM1 and RRM2 of CELF-4 can activate cardiac troponin T (cTNT) exon 5 inclusion. CELF-5, expressed in brain, is also known as bruno-like protein 5 (BRUNOL-5), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 5. Although its biological role remains unclear, CELF-5 shares same domain architecture with CELF-3. CELF-6, being strongly expressed in kidney, brain, and testis, is also known as bruno-like protein 6 (BRUNOL-6), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 6. It activates exon inclusion of a cardiac troponin T minigene in transient transfection assays in a muscle-specific splicing enhancer (MSE)-dependent manner and can activate inclusion via multiple copies of a single element, MSE2. CELF-6 also promotes skipping of exon 11 of insulin receptor, a known target of CELF activity that is expressed in kidney. In addition to three highly conserved RRMs, CELF-6 also possesses numerous potential phosphorylation sites, a potential nuclear localization signal (NLS) at the C terminus, and an alanine-rich region within the divergent linker region.

Pssm-ID: 410043 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 50.49 E-value: 3.31e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAG--KRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQ 337
Cdd:cd12635   4 LFVGMLGKQQSEDDVRRLFEPFGSIEECTIlrgPDGnsKGCAFVKFSSHAEAQAAINALHGSQ 66

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast protein gar2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of yeast protein gar2, a novel nucleolar protein required for 18S rRNA and 40S ribosomal subunit accumulation. It shares similar domain architecture with nucleolin from vertebrates and NSR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated N-terminal domain of gar2 is made up of highly acidic regions separated from each other by basic sequences, and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The central domain of gar2 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of gar2 is rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues.

Pssm-ID: 409882 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 50.10 E-value: 3.50e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12448   1 LFVGNLPFSATQDALYEAF-SQHGSIVSVRLPTDRETGQPKGFGYVDFSTIDSAEAAIDALGGEYIDGRPIR 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in chloroplastic plastid-specific 30S ribosomal protein 2 (PSRP-2) and similar proteins; PSRP-2, also called chloroplastic 30S ribosomal protein 2, or chloroplastic small ribosomal subunit protein cS22, is a component of the chloroplast ribosome (chloro-ribosome), a dedicated translation machinery responsible for the synthesis of chloroplast genome-encoded proteins, including proteins of the transcription and translation machinery and components of the photosynthetic apparatus. It binds single strand DNA (ssDNA) and RNA in vitro. It exhibits RNA chaperone activity and regulates negatively resistance responses to abiotic stresses during seed germination (e.g. salt, dehydration, and low temperature) and seedling growth (e.g. salt). PSRP-2 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the second RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410189 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 50.31 E-value: 3.65e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 173 HTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd21610   3 YKVYVGNLAKTVTNELLKDFF-SEKGKVLGAKVQRTPGTSKSNGFGFVSFSSEEDVEAAIQALNNSVLEGQKIRVNKA 79

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in RNA-binding protein with serine-rich domain 1 (RNPS1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RNPS1 and its eukaryotic homologs. RNPS1, also termed RNA-binding protein prevalent during the S phase, or SR-related protein LDC2, was originally characterized as a general pre-mRNA splicing activator, which activates both constitutive and alternative splicing of pre-mRNA in vitro.It has been identified as a protein component of the splicing-dependent mRNP complex, or exon-exon junction complex (EJC), and is directly involved in mRNA surveillance. Furthermore, RNPS1 is a splicing regulator whose activator function is controlled in part by CK2 (casein kinase II) protein kinase phosphorylation. It can also function as a squamous-cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells-3 (SART3)-binding protein, and is involved in the regulation of mRNA splicing. RNPS1 contains an N-terminal serine-rich (S) domain, a central RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and the C-terminal arginine/serine/proline-rich (RS/P) domain.

Pssm-ID: 409800 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 49.86 E-value: 3.90e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVT-DHmLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12365   1 LHVGKLTRNVTkDH-LKEIF-SVYGTVKNVDLPIDREPNLPRGYAYVEFESPEDAEKAIKHMDG 62

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in yeast nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of Nop4p (also known as Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 410077 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 107 Bit Score: 50.89 E-value: 4.05e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 172 EHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESE 227
Cdd:cd12676   1 GRTLFVRNLPFDATEDELYSHF-SQFGPLKYARVVKDPATGRSKGTAFVKFKNKED 55

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in RNA-binding protein RBM8A, RBM8B nd similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM8, also termed binder of OVCA1-1 (BOV-1), or RNA-binding protein Y14, which is one of the components of the exon-exon junction complex (EJC). It has two isoforms, RBM8A and RBM8B, both of which are identical except that RBM8B is 16 amino acids shorter at its N-terminus. RBM8, together with other EJC components (such as Magoh, Aly/REF, RNPS1, Srm160, and Upf3), plays critical roles in postsplicing processing, including nuclear export and cytoplasmic localization of the mRNA, and the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) surveillance process. RBM8 binds to mRNA 20-24 nucleotides upstream of a spliced exon-exon junction. It is also involved in spliced mRNA nuclear export, and the process of nonsense-mediated decay of mRNAs with premature stop codons. RBM8 forms a specific heterodimer complex with the EJC protein Magoh which then associates with Aly/REF, RNPS1, DEK, and SRm160 on the spliced mRNA, and inhibits ATP turnover by eIF4AIII, thereby trapping the EJC core onto RNA. RBM8 contains an N-terminal putative bipartite nuclear localization signal, one RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), in the central region, and a C-terminal serine-arginine rich region (SR domain) and glycine-arginine rich region (RG domain).

Pssm-ID: 409762 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 88 Bit Score: 50.30 E-value: 4.52e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFV------QYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12324   9 IFVTGVHEEAQEEDIHDKFAEFGEIKNLHLNLDRRTGFVkgyalvEYETKKEAQAAIEGLNGKELLGQTISVDW 82

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen C (HuC); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of HuC, also termed ELAV-like protein 3 (ELAV-3), or paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen, or paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis antigen 21 (PLE21), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. Like other Hu proteins, HuC contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). The AU-rich element binding of HuC can be inhibited by flavonoids. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410165 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 50.12 E-value: 4.94e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 276 TNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12772   3 SKTNLIVNYLPQNMTQEEFKSLFGSIGDIESCKLVRDKITGqslgygFVNYVDPNDADKAINTLNGLKLQTKTIKVSYAR 82


                ...
gi 18416906 350 SPS 352
Cdd:cd12772  83 PSS 85

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T-cells 3 (SART3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of SART3, also termed Tat-interacting protein of 110 kDa (Tip110), is an RNA-binding protein expressed in the nucleus of the majority of proliferating cells, including normal cells and malignant cells, but not in normal tissues except for the testes and fetal liver. It is involved in the regulation of mRNA splicing probably via its complex formation with RNA-binding protein with a serine-rich domain (RNPS1), a pre-mRNA-splicing factor. SART3 has also been identified as a nuclear Tat-interacting protein that regulates Tat transactivation activity through direct interaction and functions as an important cellular factor for HIV-1 gene expression and viral replication. In addition, SART3 is required for U6 snRNP targeting to Cajal bodies. It binds specifically and directly to the U6 snRNA, interacts transiently with the U6 and U4/U6 snRNPs, and promotes the reassembly of U4/U6 snRNPs after splicing in vitro. SART3 contains an N-terminal half-a-tetratricopeptide repeat (HAT)-rich domain, a nuclearlocalization signal (NLS) domain, and two C-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409826 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 50.02 E-value: 5.03e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRCG--FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSP 351
Cdd:cd12392   4 KLFVKGLPFSCTKEELEELFKQHGTVKDVRLvtyRNGKPKGlaYVEYENEADASQAVLKTDGTEIKDHTISVAISNPP 81

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 2 (CBP20) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of CBP20, also termed nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 2 (NCBP2), or cell proliferation-inducing gene 55 protein, or NCBP-interacting protein 1 (NIP1). CBP20 is the small subunit of the nuclear cap binding complex (CBC), which is a conserved eukaryotic heterodimeric protein complex binding to 5'-capped polymerase II transcripts and plays a central role in the maturation of pre-mRNA and uracil-rich small nuclear RNA (U snRNA). CBP20 is most likely responsible for the binding of capped RNA. It contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and interacts with the second and third domains of CBP80, the large subunit of CBC.

Pssm-ID: 409686 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 49.88 E-value: 5.52e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHV--------KIPagkrCGF--VQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12240   1 LYVGNLSFYTTEEQIYELFSKCGDIKRIimgldkfkKTP----CGFcfVEYYSREDAENAVKYLNGTKLDDRIIRVDW 74

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein 34 (RBM34) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM34, a putative RNA-binding protein containing two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). Although the function of RBM34 remains unclear currently, its RRM domains may participate in mRNA processing. RBM34 may act as an mRNA processing-related protein.

Pssm-ID: 409829 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 49.42 E-value: 5.82e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PA---GKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12395   1 SVFVGNLPFDIEEEELRKHFEDCGDVEAVRIvrdREtgiGKGFGYVLFKDKDSVDLALK-LNGSKLRGRKLRVK 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the Hu proteins family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of the Hu proteins family which represents a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410053 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 49.71 E-value: 6.33e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906  87 LQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGA 144
Cdd:cd12650   8 LPQNMTQDEIRSLFSSIGEIESCKLIRDKVTGQSLGYGFVNYVDPSDAEKAINTLNGL 65

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit G (eIF-3G) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of eIF-3G and similar proteins. eIF-3G, also termed eIF-3 subunit 4, or eIF-3-delta, or eIF3-p42, or eIF3-p44, is the RNA-binding subunit of eIF3, a large multisubunit complex that plays a central role in the initiation of translation by binding to the 40 S ribosomal subunit and promoting the binding of methionyl-tRNAi and mRNA. eIF-3G binds 18 S rRNA and beta-globin mRNA, and therefore appears to be a nonspecific RNA-binding protein. eIF-3G is one of the cytosolic targets and interacts with mature apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). eIF-3G contains one RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). This family also includes yeast eIF3-p33, a homolog of vertebrate eIF-3G, plays an important role in the initiation phase of protein synthesis in yeast. It binds both, mRNA and rRNA, fragments due to an RRM near its C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409842 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 49.43 E-value: 6.35e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKgAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12408   1 TIRVTNLSEDATEEDLRELFRPFGPISR-VYLAKDKETGQSKGFAFVTFETREDAERAIEKLNG 63

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found found in type I polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of type I poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar proteins. PABP-1 is a ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in mammalian and may play an important role in the testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3 shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1. However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than PABP-1. Moreover, PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammalian, such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in germ cell development. Unlike other PABPs, PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The family also includes the yeast PABP, a conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409813 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 49.49 E-value: 6.93e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDrTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12379   5 IFIKNLDKSIDNKALYDTFSA-FGNILSCKVATD-ENGGSKGYGFVHFETEEAAERAIEKVNG 65

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) and 2 (RRM2) found in CELF/Bruno-like family of RNA binding proteins and plant flowering time control protein FCA; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 and RRM2 domains of the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) as well as plant flowering time control protein FCA. CELF, also termed BRUNOL (Bruno-like) proteins, is a family of structurally related RNA-binding proteins involved in regulation of pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus, and control of mRNA translation and deadenylation in the cytoplasm. The family contains six members: CELF-1 (also known as BRUNOL-2, CUG-BP1, NAPOR, EDEN-BP), CELF-2 (also known as BRUNOL-3, ETR-3, CUG-BP2, NAPOR-2), CELF-3 (also known as BRUNOL-1, TNRC4, ETR-1, CAGH4, ER DA4), CELF-4 (BRUNOL-4), CELF-5 (BRUNOL-5) and CELF-6 (BRUNOL-6). They all contain three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The low sequence conservation of the linker region is highly suggestive of a large variety in the co-factors that associate with the various CELF family members. Based on both, sequence similarity and function, the CELF family can be divided into two subfamilies, the first containing CELFs 1 and 2, and the second containing CELFs 3, 4, 5, and 6. The different CELF proteins may act through different sites on at least some substrates. Furthermore, CELF proteins may interact with each other in varying combinations to influence alternative splicing in different contexts. This subfamily also includes plant flowering time control protein FCA that functions in the posttranscriptional regulation of transcripts involved in the flowering process. FCA contains two RRMs, and a WW protein interaction domain.

Pssm-ID: 409796 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 49.54 E-value: 7.18e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 281 FVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQ 337
Cdd:cd12361   3 FVGMIPKTASEEDVRPLFEQFGNIEEVQIlrdkqtGQSKGCAFVTFSTREEALRAIEALHNKK 65

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Drosophila sex-lethal (SXL) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of SXL which governs sexual differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila melanogaster. It induces female-specific alternative splicing of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the sex-determination process. SXL binds also to its own pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative splicing. SXL contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein interaction, and tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), that show high preference to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA transcripts.

Pssm-ID: 241093 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 49.32 E-value: 7.23e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906  91 MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12649  12 LTDREFRALFRAIGPVNTCKIVRDKKTGYSYGFGFVDFTSEEDAQRAIKTLNG 64

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic RNA-binding protein 18 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM18, a putative RNA-binding protein containing a well-conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). The biological role of RBM18 remains unclear.

Pssm-ID: 409791 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 49.61 E-value: 7.48e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI-------PAGKRCG--FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12355   2 LWIGNLDPRLTEYHLLKLLSKYGKIKKFDFlfhktgpLKGQPRGycFVTFETKEEAEKAIECLNGKLALGKKLVVRWAH 80

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in vertebrate nucleolin; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM4 of ubiquitously expressed protein nucleolin, also termed protein C23, is a multifunctional major nucleolar phosphoprotein that has been implicated in various metabolic processes, such as ribosome biogenesis, cytokinesis, nucleogenesis, cell proliferation and growth, cytoplasmic-nucleolar transport of ribosomal components, transcriptional repression, replication, signal transduction, inducing chromatin decondensation, etc. Nucleolin exhibits intrinsic self-cleaving, DNA helicase, RNA helicase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities. It can be phosphorylated by many protein kinases, such as the major mitotic kinase Cdc2, casein kinase 2 (CK2), and protein kinase C-zeta. Nucleolin shares similar domain architecture with gar2 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe and NSR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated N-terminal domain of nucleolin is made up of highly acidic regions separated from each other by basic sequences, and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The central domain of nucleolin contains four closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which suggests that nucleolin is potentially able to interact with multiple RNA targets. The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of nucleolin is rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues, and contains high levels of NG,NG-dimethylarginines.

Pssm-ID: 409840 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 49.14 E-value: 8.26e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDhmltETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEM 235
Cdd:cd12406   2 TLFVKGLSEDTTE----ETLKEAFEGAISARIATDRDTGSSKGFGFVDFSSEEDAKAAKEAM 59

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast protein gar2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of yeast protein gar2, a novel nucleolar protein required for 18S rRNA and 40S ribosomal subunit accumulation. It shares similar domain architecture with nucleolin from vertebrates and NSR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated N-terminal domain of gar2 is made up of highly acidic regions separated from each other by basic sequences, and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The central domain of gar2 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of gar2 is rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues.

Pssm-ID: 409881 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 48.97 E-value: 9.58e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGA 144
Cdd:cd12447   1 TLFVGGLSWNVDDPWLKKEFEKYGGVISARVITDRGSGRSKGYGYVDFATPEAAQKALAAMSGK 64

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 35 kDa protein (U11/U12-35K) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of U11/U12-35K, also termed protein HM-1, or U1 snRNP-binding protein homolog, and is one of the components of the U11/U12 snRNP, which is a subunit of the minor (U12-dependent) spliceosome required for splicing U12-type nuclear pre-mRNA introns. U11/U12-35K is highly conserved among bilateria and plants, but lacks in some organisms, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans. Moreover, U11/U12-35K shows significant sequence homology to U1 snRNP-specific 70 kDa protein (U1-70K or snRNP70). It contains a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by an adjacent glycine-rich region, and Arg-Asp and Arg-Glu dipeptide repeats rich domain, making U11/U12-35K a possible functional analog of U1-70K. It may facilitate 5' splice site recognition in the minor spliceosome and play a role in exon bridging, interacting with components of the major spliceosome bound to the pyrimidine tract of an upstream U2-type intron. The family corresponds to the RRM of U11/U12-35K that may directly contact the U11 or U12 snRNA through the RRM domain.

Pssm-ID: 409683 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 94 Bit Score: 49.64 E-value: 9.85e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 171 PEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRA 231
Cdd:cd12237   3 PRLTLFVGRLSLQTTEEKLKEVF-SRYGDIRRLRLVRDIVTGFSKRYAFIEYKEERDALHA 62

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate RNA binding motif protein 15 (RBM15); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM15, also termed one-twenty two protein 1 (OTT1), conserved in eukaryotes, a novel mRNA export factor and component of the NXF1 pathway. It binds to NXF1 and serves as receptor for the RNA export element RTE. It also possesses mRNA export activity and can facilitate the access of DEAD-box protein DBP5 to mRNA at the nuclear pore complex (NPC). RBM15 belongs to the Spen (split end) protein family, which contain three N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal SPOC (Spen paralog and ortholog C-terminal) domain. This family also includes a RBM15-MKL1 (OTT-MAL) fusion protein that RBM15 is N-terminally fused to megakaryoblastic leukemia 1 protein (MKL1) at the C-terminus in a translocation involving chromosome 1 and 22, resulting in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. The fusion protein could interact with the mRNA export machinery. Although it maintains the specific transactivator function of MKL1, the fusion protein cannot activate RTE-mediated mRNA expression and has lost the post-transcriptional activator function of RBM15. However, it has transdominant suppressor function contributing to its oncogenic properties.

Pssm-ID: 409971 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 87 Bit Score: 49.47 E-value: 9.86e-08

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKR-----CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRS 350
Cdd:cd12555   7 NRTLFLGNLDITVTENDLRRAFDRFGVITEVDIKRPGRgqtstYGFLKFENLDMAHRAKLAMSGKVIGRNPIKIGYGKA 85

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of TDP-43 (also termed TARDBP), a ubiquitously expressed pathogenic protein whose normal function and abnormal aggregation are directly linked to the genetic disease cystic fibrosis, and two neurodegenerative disorders: frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). TDP-43 binds both DNA and RNA, and has been implicated in transcriptional repression, pre-mRNA splicing and translational regulation. TDP-43 is a dimeric protein with two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal glycine-rich domain. The RRMs are responsible for DNA and RNA binding; they bind to TAR DNA and RNA sequences with UG-repeats. The glycine-rich domain can interact with the hnRNP family proteins to form the hnRNP-rich complex involved in splicing inhibition. It is also essential for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) exon 9-skipping activity.

Pssm-ID: 409760 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 48.94 E-value: 1.03e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 183 DVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTE---MNGQYCSSR 243
Cdd:cd12321  10 KTTEQDLKEYF-STFGEVLMVQVKKDPKTGRSKGFGFVRFASYETQVKVLSQrhmIDGRWCDVK 72

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in yeast cell wall integrity protein scw1 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of the family including yeast cell wall integrity protein scw1, yeast Whi3 protein, yeast Whi4 protein and similar proteins. The strong cell wall protein 1, scw1, is a nonessential cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein that regulates septation and cell-wall structure in fission yeast. It may function as an inhibitor of septum formation, such that its loss of function allows weak SIN signaling to promote septum formation. It's RRM domain shows high homology to two budding yeast proteins, Whi3 and Whi4. Whi3 is a dose-dependent modulator of cell size and has been implicated in cell cycle control in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It functions as a negative regulator of ceroid-lipofuscinosis, neuronal 3 (Cln3), a G1 cyclin that promotes transcription of many genes to trigger the G1/S transition in budding yeast. It specifically binds the CLN3 mRNA and localizes it into discrete cytoplasmic loci that may locally restrict Cln3 synthesis to modulate cell cycle progression. Moreover, Whi3 plays a key role in cell fate determination in budding yeast. The RRM domain is essential for Whi3 function. Whi4 is a partially redundant homolog of Whi3, also containing one RRM. Some uncharacterized family members of this subfamily contain two RRMs; their RRM1 shows high sequence homology to the RRM of RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing (RBP-MS)-like proteins.

Pssm-ID: 409691 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 48.77 E-value: 1.05e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQ---FGELVHVKIPAGKRCgFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQL-----GGqsIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12245   4 TLFVANLGPNVSEQELRQLFSRqpgFRRLRMHNKGGGPVC-FVEFEDVPFATQALNHLQGAILsssdrGG--IRIEYAK 79

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in the Hu proteins family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of the Hu proteins family which represent a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409811 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 48.86 E-value: 1.14e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPM 245
Cdd:cd12377   1 CIFVYNLAPDADESLLWQLF-GPFGAVQNVKIIRDFTTNKCKGYGFVTMTNYDEAAVAIASLNGYRLGGRVL 71

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in ist3 family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of the ist3 family that includes fungal U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) component increased sodium tolerance protein 3 (ist3), X-linked 2 RNA-binding motif proteins (RBMX2) found in Metazoa and plants, and similar proteins. Gene IST3 encoding ist3, also termed U2 snRNP protein SNU17 (Snu17p), is a novel yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein required for the first catalytic step of splicing and for progression of spliceosome assembly. It binds specifically to the U2 snRNP and is an intrinsic component of prespliceosomes and spliceosomes. Yeast ist3 contains an atypical RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). In the yeast pre-mRNA retention and splicing complex, the atypical RRM of ist3 functions as a scaffold that organizes the other two constituents, Bud13p (bud site selection 13) and Pml1p (pre-mRNA leakage 1). Fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe gene cwf29 encoding ist3, also termed cell cycle control protein cwf29, is an RNA-binding protein complexed with cdc5 protein 29. It also contains one RRM. The biological function of RBMX2 remains unclear. It shows high sequence similarity to yeast ist3 protein and harbors one RRM as well.

Pssm-ID: 409845 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 89 Bit Score: 49.13 E-value: 1.14e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYAN-RACaeqALSV--LNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12411  12 IYIGGLPYELTEGDILCVFSQYGEIVDINLVRDKKTGkskgfaFLAYEDqRST---ILAVdnLNGIKLLGRTIR 82

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in nucleolin-like proteins mainly from plants; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of a group of plant nucleolin-like proteins, including nucleolin 1 (also termed protein nucleolin like 1) and nucleolin 2 (also termed protein nucleolin like 2, or protein parallel like 1). They play roles in the regulation of ribosome synthesis and in the growth and development of plants. Like yeast nucleolin, nucleolin-like proteins possess two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409885 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 48.95 E-value: 1.23e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTED----DLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP------AGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12451   1 TIFVKGFDASLGEDtirdELREHFGECGEVTNVRIPtdretgELKGFAYIEFSTKEAKEKALE-LNGSDIAGGNL 74

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in type I polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of type I poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar proteins. PABP-1 is a ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in mammalian and may play an important role in the testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3 shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1. However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than PABP-1. Moreover, PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammals, such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs, PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The family also includes yeast PABP, a conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409812 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 48.78 E-value: 1.23e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMpsSEQAFRLNWAQ 159
Cdd:cd12378   1 SLYVGDLHPDVTEAMLYEKFSPAGPVLSIRVCRDAVTRRSLGYAYVNFQQPADAERALDTLNFDVI--KGKPIRIMWSQ 77

RNA recognition motif (RRM) superfamily; RRM, also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), is a highly abundant domain in eukaryotes found in proteins involved in post-transcriptional gene expression processes including mRNA and rRNA processing, RNA export, and RNA stability. This domain is 90 amino acids in length and consists of a four-stranded beta-sheet packed against two alpha-helices. RRM usually interacts with ssRNA, but is also known to interact with ssDNA as well as proteins. RRM binds a variable number of nucleotides, ranging from two to eight. The active site includes three aromatic side-chains located within the conserved RNP1 and RNP2 motifs of the domain. The RRM domain is found in a variety heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), proteins implicated in regulation of alternative splicing, and protein components of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs).

Pssm-ID: 409669 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 48.43 E-value: 1.25e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKqNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd00590   1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLRELFSKFGEVVSVRIVRDR-DGKSKGFAFVEFESPEDAEKALEALNG 61

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in RNA-binding protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM28 and Nop4p. RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), possibly coordinating their transition through the nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a role in the maturation of both small nuclear and ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409847 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 48.74 E-value: 1.31e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVH---VKIPAGKRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12413   1 TLFVRNLPYDTTDEQLEELFSDVGPVKRcfvVKDKGKDKCrgfGYVTFALAEDAQRALEEVKGKKFGGRKIKVE 74

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in SR-related and CTD-associated factor 8 (SCAF8) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of SCAF8 (also termed CDC5L complex-associated protein 7, or RNA-binding motif protein 16, or CTD-binding SR-like protein RA8), a nuclear matrix protein that interacts specifically with a highly serine-phosphorylated form of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (pol II). The pol II CTD plays a role in coupling transcription and pre-mRNA processing. SCAF8 co-localizes primarily with transcription sites that are enriched in nuclear matrix fraction, which is known to contain proteins involved in pre-mRNA processing. Thus, SCAF8 may play a direct role in coupling with both, transcription and pre-mRNA processing, processes. SCAF8, together with SCAF4, represents a new class of SCAFs (SR-like CTD-associated factors). They contain a conserved N-terminal CTD-interacting domain (CID), an atypical RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and serine/arginine-rich motifs.

Pssm-ID: 409895 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 48.92 E-value: 1.32e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGT--QLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12462   2 STTLWVGQVDKKATQQDLTNLFEEFGQIESINMIPPRGCAYVCMVHRQDAYRALQKLSTGsfKIGSKIIKIAWA 75

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in the U1A/U2B"/SNF protein family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of U1A/U2B"/SNF protein family, containing Drosophila sex determination protein SNF and its two mammalian counterparts, U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein A (U1 snRNP A or U1-A or U1A) and U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein B" (U2 snRNP B" or U2B"), all of which consist of two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) connected by a variable, flexible linker. SNF is an RNA-binding protein found in the U1 and U2 snRNPs of Drosophila where it is essential in sex determination and possesses a novel dual RNA binding specificity. SNF binds with high affinity to both Drosophila U1 snRNA stem-loop II (SLII) and U2 snRNA stem-loop IV (SLIV). It can also bind to poly(U) RNA tracts flanking the alternatively spliced Sex-lethal (Sxl) exon, as does Drosophila Sex-lethal protein (SXL). U1A is an RNA-binding protein associated with the U1 snRNP, a small RNA-protein complex involved in pre-mRNA splicing. U1A binds with high affinity and specificity to stem-loop II (SLII) of U1 snRNA. It is predominantly a nuclear protein that shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm independently of interactions with U1 snRNA. Moreover, U1A may be involved in RNA 3'-end processing, specifically cleavage, splicing and polyadenylation, through interacting with a large number of non-snRNP proteins. U2B", initially identified to bind to stem-loop IV (SLIV) at the 3' end of U2 snRNA, is a unique protein that comprises of the U2 snRNP. Additional research indicates U2B" binds to U1 snRNA stem-loop II (SLII) as well and shows no preference for SLIV or SLII on the basis of binding affinity. U2B" does not require an auxiliary protein for binding to RNA and its nuclear transport is independent on U2 snRNA binding.

Pssm-ID: 409693 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 48.33 E-value: 1.34e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQL-GGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12247   2 NKILFLQNLPEETTKEMLEMLFNQFPGFKEVRLVPRRGIAFVEFETEEQATVALQALQGFKItPGHAMKIS 72

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in the Aly/REF family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of Aly/REF family which includes THO complex subunit 4 (THOC4, also termed Aly/REF), S6K1 Aly/REF-like target (SKAR, also termed PDIP3 or PDIP46) and similar proteins. THOC4 is an mRNA transporter protein with a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). It is involved in RNA transportation from the nucleus, and was initially identified as a transcription coactivator of LEF-1 and AML-1 for the TCRalpha enhancer function. In addition, THOC4 specifically binds to rhesus (RH) promoter in erythroid, and might be a novel transcription cofactor for erythroid-specific genes. SKAR shows high sequence homology with THOC4 and possesses one RRM as well. SKAR is widely expressed and localizes to the nucleus. It may be a critical player in the function of S6K1 in cell and organism growth control by binding the activated, hyperphosphorylated form of S6K1 but not S6K2. Furthermore, SKAR functions as a protein partner of the p50 subunit of DNA polymerase delta. In addition, SKAR may have particular importance in pancreatic beta cell size determination and insulin secretion.

Pssm-ID: 409852 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 48.34 E-value: 1.41e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKR--CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12418   1 TRVRVSNLHPDVTEEDLRELFGRVGPVKSVKInydRSGRStgTAYVVFERPEDAEKAIKQFDGVLLDGQPMKV 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen D (HuD); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of HuD, also termed ELAV-like protein 4 (ELAV-4), or paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen HuD, one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuD has been implicated in various aspects of neuronal function, such as the commitment and differentiation of neuronal precursors as well as synaptic remodeling in mature neurons. HuD also functions as an important regulator of mRNA expression in neurons by interacting with AU-rich RNA element (ARE) and stabilizing multiple transcripts. Moreover, HuD regulates the nuclear processing/stability of N-myc pre-mRNA in neuroblastoma cells, as well as the neurite elongation and morphological differentiation. HuD specifically binds poly(A) RNA. Like other Hu proteins, HuD contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410163 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 48.57 E-value: 1.41e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRsP 351
Cdd:cd12770   2 TNLIVNYLPQNMTQEEFRSLFGSIGEIESCKLVRDKITGqslgygFVNYIDPKDAEKAINTLNGLRLQTKTIKVSYAR-P 80


                .
gi 18416906 352 S 352
Cdd:cd12770  81 S 81

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein 7 (RBM7); This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM7, a ubiquitously expressed pre-mRNA splicing factor that enhances messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing in a cell-specific manner or in a certain developmental process, such as spermatogenesis. RBM7 interacts with splicing factors SAP145 (the spliceosomal splicing factor 3b subunit 2) and SRp20. It may play a more specific role in meiosis entry and progression. Together with additional testis-specific RNA-binding proteins, RBM7 may regulate the splicing of specific pre-mRNA species that are important in the meiotic cell cycle. RBM7 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a region lacking known homology at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 410005 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 48.28 E-value: 1.57e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAG-----KRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12592   3 TLFVGNLDTKVTEELLFELFLQAGPVIKVKIPKDkdgkpKQFAFVNFKHEVSVPYAMNLLNGIKLYGRPLKI 74

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in fission yeast pre-mRNA-splicing factor Srp1p, Arabidopsis thaliana arginine/serine-rich-splicing factor RSp31 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of Srp1p and RRM2 of plant SR splicing factors. Srp1p is encoded by gene srp1 from fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. It plays a role in the pre-mRNA splicing process, but is not essential for growth. Srp1p is closely related to the SR protein family found in Metazoa. It contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a glycine hinge and a RS domain in the middle, and a C-terminal domain. The family also includes a novel group of arginine/serine (RS) or serine/arginine (SR) splicing factors existing in plants, such as A. thaliana RSp31, RSp35, RSp41 and similar proteins. Like vertebrate RS splicing factors, these proteins function as plant splicing factors and play crucial roles in constitutive and alternative splicing in plants. They all contain two RRMs at their N-terminus and an RS domain at their C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 240679 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 70 Bit Score: 48.21 E-value: 1.58e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 279 TIFV-GAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPagKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12233   1 TLFVvGFDPGTTREEDIEKLFEPFGPLVRCDIR--KTFAFVEFEDSEDATKALEALHGSRIDGSVLTVEFVK 70

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate RNA binding protein fox-1 homologs and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of several tissue-specific alternative splicing isoforms of vertebrate RNA binding protein Fox-1 homologs, which show high sequence similarity to the Caenorhabditis elegans feminizing locus on X (Fox-1) gene encoding Fox-1 protein. RNA binding protein Fox-1 homolog 1 (RBFOX1), also termed ataxin-2-binding protein 1 (A2BP1), or Fox-1 homolog A, or hexaribonucleotide-binding protein 1 (HRNBP1), is predominantly expressed in neurons, skeletal muscle and heart. It regulates alternative splicing of tissue-specific exons by binding to UGCAUG elements. Moreover, RBFOX1 binds to the C-terminus of ataxin-2 and forms an ataxin-2/A2BP1 complex involved in RNA processing. RNA binding protein fox-1 homolog 2 (RBFOX2), also termed Fox-1 homolog B, or hexaribonucleotide-binding protein 2 (HRNBP2), or RNA-binding motif protein 9 (RBM9), or repressor of tamoxifen transcriptional activity, is expressed in ovary, whole embryo, and human embryonic cell lines in addition to neurons and muscle. RBFOX2 activates splicing of neuron-specific exons through binding to downstream UGCAUG elements. RBFOX2 also functions as a repressor of tamoxifen activation of the estrogen receptor. RNA binding protein Fox-1 homolog 3 (RBFOX3 or NeuN or HRNBP3), also termed Fox-1 homolog C, is a nuclear RNA-binding protein that regulates alternative splicing of the RBFOX2 pre-mRNA, producing a message encoding a dominant negative form of the RBFOX2 protein. Its message is detected exclusively in post-mitotic regions of embryonic brain. Like RBFOX1, both RBFOX2 and RBFOX3 bind to the hexanucleotide UGCAUG elements and modulate brain and muscle-specific splicing of exon EIIIB of fibronectin, exon N1 of c-src, and calcitonin/CGRP. Members in this family also harbor one RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409841 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 48.55 E-value: 1.60e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 291 EDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKR----CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12407  14 DPDLRQMFGQFGTILDVEIIFNERgskgFGFVTFANSADADRAREKLNGTVVEGRKI 70

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in RNA-binding protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of RBM28 and Nop4p. RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), possibly coordinating their transition through the nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a role in the maturation of both small nuclear and ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409849 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 48.37 E-value: 1.81e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 173 HTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFAD 224
Cdd:cd12415   1 KTVFIRNLSFDTTEEDLKEFFSK-FGEVKYARIVLDKDTGHSKGTAFVQFKT 51

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit G (eIF-3G) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of eIF-3G and similar proteins. eIF-3G, also termed eIF-3 subunit 4, or eIF-3-delta, or eIF3-p42, or eIF3-p44, is the RNA-binding subunit of eIF3, a large multisubunit complex that plays a central role in the initiation of translation by binding to the 40 S ribosomal subunit and promoting the binding of methionyl-tRNAi and mRNA. eIF-3G binds 18 S rRNA and beta-globin mRNA, and therefore appears to be a nonspecific RNA-binding protein. eIF-3G is one of the cytosolic targets and interacts with mature apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). eIF-3G contains one RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). This family also includes yeast eIF3-p33, a homolog of vertebrate eIF-3G, plays an important role in the initiation phase of protein synthesis in yeast. It binds both, mRNA and rRNA, fragments due to an RRM near its C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409842 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 47.89 E-value: 1.98e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNG 335
Cdd:cd12408   1 TIRVTNLSEDATEEDLRELFRPFGPISRVYLAKDKETGqskgfaFVTFETREDAERAIEKLNG 63

polyadenylate binding protein, human types 1, 2, 3, 4 family; These eukaryotic proteins recognize the poly-A of mRNA and consists of four tandem RNA recognition domains at the N-terminus (rrm: pfam00076) followed by a PABP-specific domain (pfam00658) at the C-terminus. The protein is involved in the transport of mRNA's from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. There are four paralogs in Homo sapiens which are expressed in testis, platelets, broadly expressed and of unknown tissue range.

Pssm-ID: 130689 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 562 Bit Score: 52.89 E-value: 1.99e-07

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIpagkrC-----------GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:TIGR01628   2 SLYVGDLDPDVTEAKLYDLFKPFGPVLSVRV-----CrdsvtrrslgyGYVNFQNPADAERALETMNFKRLGGKPIRIMW 76


                  ....*.
gi 18416906   348 G-RSPS 352
Cdd:TIGR01628  77 SqRDPS 82

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of p40-TIA-1, the 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1), and a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein mainly found in the granules of cytotoxic lymphocytes. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis, and function as the granule component responsible for inducing apoptosis in cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) targets. It is composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 410030 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 48.08 E-value: 2.00e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12618   5 VFVGDLSPEITTEDIKAAFAPFGRISDARVvkdmatGKSKGYGFVSFFNKWDAENAIQQMGGQWLGGRQIRTNW 78

RNA recognition motif in type II polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of type II polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 2 (PABP-2 or PABPN1), embryonic polyadenylate-binding protein 2 (ePABP-2 or PABPN1L) and similar proteins. PABPs are highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. ePABP-2 is predominantly located in the cytoplasm and PABP-2 is located in the nucleus. In contrast to the type I PABPs containing four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), the type II PABPs contains a single highly-conserved RRM. This subfamily also includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae RBP29 (SGN1, YIR001C) gene encoding cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein Rbp29 that binds preferentially to poly(A). Although not essential for cell viability, Rbp29 plays a role in modulating the expression of cytoplasmic mRNA. Like other type II PABPs, Rbp29 contains one RRM only.

Pssm-ID: 409747 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 48.07 E-value: 2.11e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALsVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12306   2 IYVGNVDYGTTPEELQAHFKSCGTINRVTILCDKFTGqpkgfaYIEFVDKSSVENAL-LLNESEFRGRQIKVT 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Arabidopsis thaliana CTC-interacting domain protein CID8, CID9, CID10, CID11, CID12, CID 13 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 domains found in A. thaliana CID8, CID9, CID10, CID11, CID12, CID 13 and mainly their plant homologs. These highly related RNA-binding proteins contain an N-terminal PAM2 domain (PABP-interacting motif 2), two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a basic region that resembles a bipartite nuclear localization signal. The biological role of this family remains unclear.

Pssm-ID: 409892 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 48.18 E-value: 2.21e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIpagkrCG---------FVQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12459   4 TVYVSDIDQQVTEEQLAALFSNCGQVVDCRI-----CGdpnsvlrfaFIEFTDEEGARAALS-LSGTMLGFYPVRVLPSK 77


                ..
gi 18416906 350 SP 351
Cdd:cd12459  78 TA 79

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) and 2 (RRM2) found in RRM-containing coactivator activator/modulator (CoAA) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM in CoAA (also known as RBM14 or PSP2) and RNA-binding protein 4 (RBM4). CoAA is a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-like protein identified as a nuclear receptor coactivator. It mediates transcriptional coactivation and RNA splicing effects in a promoter-preferential manner, and is enhanced by thyroid hormone receptor-binding protein (TRBP). CoAA contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a TRBP-interacting domain. RBM4 is a ubiquitously expressed splicing factor with two isoforms, RBM4A (also known as Lark homolog) and RBM4B (also known as RBM30), which are very similar in structure and sequence. RBM4 may also function as a translational regulator of stress-associated mRNAs as well as play a role in micro-RNA-mediated gene regulation. RBM4 contains two N-terminal RRMs, a CCHC-type zinc finger, and three alanine-rich regions within their C-terminal regions. This family also includes Drosophila RNA-binding protein lark (Dlark), a homolog of human RBM4. It plays an important role in embryonic development and in the circadian regulation of adult eclosion. Dlark shares high sequence similarity with RBM4 at the N-terminal region. However, Dlark has three proline-rich segments instead of three alanine-rich segments within the C-terminal region.

Pssm-ID: 409779 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 66 Bit Score: 47.61 E-value: 2.25e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPagKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12343   2 IFVGNLPDAATSEELRALFEKYGKVTECDIV--KNYAFVHMEKEEDAEDAIKALNGYEFMGSRI 63

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor SRSF10, SRSF12 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of SRSF10 and SRSF12. SRSF10, also termed 40 kDa SR-repressor protein (SRrp40), or FUS-interacting serine-arginine-rich protein 1 (FUSIP1), or splicing factor SRp38, or splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 13A (SFRS13A), or TLS-associated protein with Ser-Arg repeats (TASR). It is a serine-arginine (SR) protein that acts as a potent and general splicing repressor when dephosphorylated. It mediates global inhibition of splicing both in M phase of the cell cycle and in response to heat shock. SRSF10 emerges as a modulator of cholesterol homeostasis through the regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) splicing efficiency. It also regulates cardiac-specific alternative splicing of triadin pre-mRNA and is required for proper Ca2+ handling during embryonic heart development. In contrast, the phosphorylated SRSF10 functions as a sequence-specific splicing activator in the presence of a nuclear cofactor. It activates distal alternative 5' splice site of adenovirus E1A pre-mRNA in vivo. Moreover, SRSF10 strengthens pre-mRNA recognition by U1 and U2 snRNPs. SRSF10 localizes to the nuclear speckles and can shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm. SRSF12, also termed 35 kDa SR repressor protein (SRrp35), or splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 13B (SFRS13B), or splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 19 (SFRS19), is a serine/arginine (SR) protein-like alternative splicing regulator that antagonizes authentic SR proteins in the modulation of alternative 5' splice site choice. For instance, it activates distal alternative 5' splice site of the adenovirus E1A pre-mRNA in vivo. Both, SRSF10 and SRSF12, contain a single N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by a C-terminal RS domain rich in serine-arginine dipeptides.

Pssm-ID: 240758 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 48.14 E-value: 2.28e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP------AGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12312   1 TSLFVRNVADDTRPDDLRREFGRYGPIVDVYIPldfytrRPRGFAYIQFEDVRDAEDALYYLDRTRFLGREIEIQFAQ 78

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in nucleolysin TIAR and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of nucleolysin TIAR, also termed TIA-1-related protein, a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein that shows high sequence similarity with 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (p40-TIA-1). TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. TIAR possesses nucleolytic activity against cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. It can trigger DNA fragmentation in permeabilized thymocytes, and thus may function as an effector responsible for inducing apoptosis. TIAR is composed of three N-terminal, highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. It interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 410029 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 48.06 E-value: 2.44e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12617   4 VFVGDLSPEITTEDIKSAFAPFGKISDARVvkdmatGKSKGYGFVSFYNKLDAENAIVHMGGQWLGGRQIRTNWA 78

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNP A and hnRNP D subfamilies and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in the hnRNP A subfamily which includes hnRNP A0, hnRNP A1, hnRNP A2/B1, hnRNP A3 and similar proteins. hnRNP A0 is a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. hnRNP A1 is an abundant eukaryotic nuclear RNA-binding protein that may modulate splice site selection in pre-mRNA splicing. hnRNP A2/B1 is an RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE). hnRNP A3 is also a RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that participates in the trafficking of A2RE-containing RNA. The hnRNP A subfamily is characterized by two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus. The hnRNP D subfamily includes hnRNP D0, hnRNP A/B, hnRNP DL and similar proteins. hnRNP D0 is a UUAG-specific nuclear RNA binding protein that may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing and telomere elongation. hnRNP A/B is an RNA unwinding protein with a high affinity for G- followed by U-rich regions. hnRNP A/B has also been identified as an APOBEC1-binding protein that interacts with apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA transcripts around the editing site and thus, plays an important role in apoB mRNA editing. hnRNP DL (or hnRNP D-like) is a dual functional protein that possesses DNA- and RNA-binding properties. It has been implicated in mRNA biogenesis at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. All members in this subfamily contain two putative RRMs and a glycine- and tyrosine-rich C-terminus. The family also contains DAZAP1 (Deleted in azoospermia-associated protein 1), RNA-binding protein Musashi homolog Musashi-1, Musashi-2 and similar proteins. They all harbor two RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409763 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 47.52 E-value: 2.52e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALS----VLNGTQ 337
Cdd:cd12325   1 LFVGGLSWETTEESLREYFSKYGEVVDCVVmkdPATGRSrgfGFVTFKDPSSVDAVLAarphTLDGRT 68

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of p40-TIA-1, the 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1) and a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein mainly found in the granules of cytotoxic lymphocytes. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis, and function as the granule component responsible for inducing apoptosis in cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) targets. It is composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 410032 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 47.75 E-value: 2.63e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12621   2 TVYCGGVTSGLTEQLMRQTFSPFGQIMEIRVFPDKGYSFVRFNSHESAAHAIVSVNGTTIEGHVVKCYWGK 72

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Drosophila sex-lethal (SXL) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of SXL which governs sexual differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila melanogaster. It induces female-specific alternative splicing of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the sex-determination process. SXL binds also to its own pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative splicing. SXL contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein interaction, and tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), that show high preference to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA transcripts.

Pssm-ID: 241093 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 47.78 E-value: 2.73e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 180 LAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12649   8 LPQDLTDREFRALFRAI-GPVNTCKIVRDKKTGYSYGFGFVDFTSEEDAQRAIKTLNG 64

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in CELF/Bruno-like family of RNA binding proteins CELF1, CELF2, CELF3, CELF4, CELF5, CELF6 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) proteins, a family of structurally related RNA-binding proteins involved in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus and in the control of mRNA translation and deadenylation in the cytoplasm. The family contains six members: CELF-1 (also termed BRUNOL-2, or CUG-BP1, or NAPOR, or EDEN-BP), CELF-2 (also termed BRUNOL-3, or ETR-3, or CUG-BP2, or NAPOR-2), CELF-3 (also termed BRUNOL-1, or TNRC4, or ETR-1, or CAGH4, or ER DA4), CELF-4 (also termed BRUNOL-4), CELF-5 (also termed BRUNOL-5), CELF-6 (also termed BRUNOL-6). They all contain three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The low sequence conservation of the linker region is highly suggestive of a large variety in the co-factors that associate with the various CELF family members. Based on both sequence similarity and function, the CELF family can be divided into two subfamilies, the first containing CELFs 1 and 2, and the second containing CELFs 3, 4, 5, and 6. The different CELF proteins may act through different sites on at least some substrates. Furthermore, CELF proteins may interact with each other in varying combinations to influence alternative splicing in different contexts.

Pssm-ID: 409797 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 47.61 E-value: 2.75e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGK-----RC-GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12362   1 LFVYHLPNEFTDQDLYQLFAPFGNVVSAKVFVDKntgrsKGfGFVSYDNPLSAQAAIKAMNGFQVGGKRLKVQ 73

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Arabidopsis thaliana CTC-interacting domain protein CID8, CID9, CID10, CID11, CID12, CID 13 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 domains found in A. thaliana CID8, CID9, CID10, CID11, CID12, CID 13 and mainly their plant homologs. These highly related RNA-binding proteins contain an N-terminal PAM2 domain (PABP-interacting motif 2), two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a basic region that resembles a bipartite nuclear localization signal. The biological role of this family remains unclear.

Pssm-ID: 409893 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 47.78 E-value: 3.15e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQF-GELVHVKIpAG-----KRCGFVQYANracAEQALSVLN--GTQLGGQSIRLSWGRS 350
Cdd:cd12460   6 TIYCTNIDKKVTQDDVKAFFESLcGEVHRLRL-LGdyvhsTRIAFVEFVM---AESAIAALNcsGALLGSLPIRVSPSKT 81


                .
gi 18416906 351 P 351
Cdd:cd12460  82 P 82

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast nucleolar protein 13 (Nop13p) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Nop13p encoded by YNL175c from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It shares high sequence similarity with nucleolar protein 12 (Nop12p). Both Nop12p and Nop13p are not essential for growth. However, unlike Nop12p that is localized to the nucleolus, Nop13p localizes primarily to the nucleolus but is also present in the nucleoplasm to a lesser extent. Nop13p contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409831 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 47.44 E-value: 3.24e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI----PAGKrC---GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12397   1 LFVGNLSFETTEEDLRKHFAPAGKIRKVRMatfeDSGK-CkgfAFVDFKEIESATNAVKGPINHSLNGRDLRVEYG 75

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the Hu proteins family, Drosophila sex-lethal (SXL), and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of Hu proteins and SXL. The Hu proteins family represents a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions. This family also includes the sex-lethal protein (SXL) from Drosophila melanogaster. SXL governs sexual differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in flies. It induces female-specific alternative splicing of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the sex-determination process. SXL binds to its own pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative splicing. It contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein interaction, and tandem RRMs that show high preference to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA transcripts.

Pssm-ID: 409810 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 47.40 E-value: 3.38e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 287 QSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12375   9 QSMTQEELRSLFGAIGPIESCKLVRDKITGqslgygFVNYRDPNDARKAINTLNGLDLENKRLKVSY 75

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase-like 4 (PPIase) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of PPIase, also termed cyclophilin-like protein PPIL4, or rotamase PPIL4, a novel nuclear RNA-binding protein encoded by cyclophilin-like PPIL4 gene. The precise role of PPIase remains unclear. PPIase contains a conserved N-terminal peptidyl-prolyl cistrans isomerase (PPIase) motif, a central RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by a lysine rich domain, and a pair of bipartite nuclear targeting sequences (NLS) at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409681 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 47.65 E-value: 3.74e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 171 PEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12235   2 PENVLFVCKLNPVTTDEDLEIIF-SRFGKIKSCEVIRDKKTGDSLQYAFIEFETKESCEEAYFKMDN 67

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB)-associated-splicing factor (PSF); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of PSF, also termed proline- and glutamine-rich splicing factor, or 100 kDa DNA-pairing protein (POMp100), or 100 kDa subunit of DNA-binding p52/p100 complex, a multifunctional protein that mediates diverse activities in the cell. It is ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved in vertebrates. PSF binds not only RNA but also both single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and facilitates the renaturation of complementary ssDNAs. Besides, it promotes the formation of D-loops in superhelical duplex DNA, and is involved in cell proliferation. PSF can also interact with multiple factors. It is an RNA-binding component of spliceosomes and binds to insulin-like growth factor response element (IGFRE). PSF functions as a transcriptional repressor interacting with Sin3A and mediating silencing through the recruitment of histone deacetylases (HDACs) to the DNA binding domain (DBD) of nuclear hormone receptors. Additionally, PSF is an essential pre-mRNA splicing factor and is dissociated from PTB and binds to U1-70K and serine-arginine (SR) proteins during apoptosis. PSF forms a heterodimer with the nuclear protein p54nrb, also known as non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding protein (NonO). The PSF/p54nrb complex displays a variety of functions, such as DNA recombination and RNA synthesis, processing, and transport. PSF contains two conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which are responsible for interactions with RNA and for the localization of the protein in speckles. It also contains an N-terminal region rich in proline, glycine, and glutamine residues, which may play a role in interactions recruiting other molecules.

Pssm-ID: 410000 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 47.16 E-value: 3.80e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12587   4 LFVGNLPADITEDEFKRLFAKYGEPGEVFINKGKGFGFIKLESRALAEIAKAELDDTPMRGRQLRV 69

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Drosophila sex-lethal (SXL) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of the sex-lethal protein (SXL) which governs sexual differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila melanogaster. It induces female-specific alternative splicing of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the sex-determination process. SXL binds also to its own pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative splicing. SXL contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein interaction, and tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), that show high preference to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA transcripts.

Pssm-ID: 410054 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 47.58 E-value: 3.88e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI--------PAGkrCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12651   3 TNLYVTNLPRTITEDELDTIFGAYGNIVQKNLlrdkltgrPRG--VAFVRYDKREEAQAAISALNGTIPEGGTQPLS 77

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor SRSF2, SRSF8 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of SRSF2 and SRSF8. SRSF2, also termed protein PR264, or splicing component, 35 kDa (splicing factor SC35 or SC-35), is a prototypical SR protein that plays important roles in the alternative splicing of pre-mRNA. It is also involved in transcription elongation by directly or indirectly mediating the recruitment of elongation factors to the C-terminal domain of polymerase II. SRSF2 is exclusively localized in the nucleus and is restricted to nuclear processes. It contains a single N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by a C-terminal RS domain rich in serine-arginine dipeptides. The RRM is responsible for the specific recognition of 5'-SSNG-3' (S=C/G) RNA. In the regulation of alternative splicing events, it specifically binds to cis-regulatory elements on the pre-mRNA. The RS domain modulates SRSF2 activity through phosphorylation, directly contacts RNA, and promotes protein-protein interactions with the spliceosome. SRSF8, also termed SRP46 or SFRS2B, is a novel mammalian SR splicing factor encoded by a PR264/SC35 functional retropseudogene. SRSF8 is localized in the nucleus and does not display the same activity as PR264/SC35. It functions as an essential splicing factor in complementing a HeLa cell S100 extract deficient in SR proteins. Like SRSF2, SRSF8 contains a single N-terminal RRM and a C-terminal RS domain.

Pssm-ID: 409751 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 47.26 E-value: 4.16e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 289 VTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12311  10 TTPDDLRRVFEKYGEVGDVYIPRDRYTResrgfaFVRFYDKRDAEDAIDAMDGAELDGRELR 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of yeast protein PUB1, also termed ARS consensus-binding protein ACBP-60, or poly uridylate-binding protein, or poly(U)-binding protein. PUB1 has been identified as both, a heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein (mRNP), which may be stably bound to a translationally inactive subpopulation of mRNAs within the cytoplasm. It is distributed in both, the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and binds to poly(A)+ RNA (mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it is one of the major cellular proteins cross-linked by UV light to polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is nonessential for cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds to T-rich single stranded DNA (ssDNA). However, there is no strong evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism of DNA replication. PUB1 contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a GAR motif (glycine and arginine rich stretch) that is located between RRM2 and RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 410031 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 47.49 E-value: 4.19e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELV--HV----KIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12619   4 IFVGDLSPEVTDAALFNAFSDFPSCSdaRVmwdqKTGRSRGYGFVSFRSQQDAQNAINSMNGKWLGSRPIRCNW 77

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in nucleolysin TIAR and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of nucleolysin TIAR, also termed TIA-1-related protein, a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein that shows high sequence similarity with 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (p40-TIA-1). TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. TIAR possesses nucleolytic activity against cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. It can trigger DNA fragmentation in permeabilized thymocytes, and thus may function as an effector responsible for inducing apoptosis. TIAR is composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. It interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 241064 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 46.94 E-value: 4.57e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12620   2 TVYCGGIASGLTEQLMRQTFSPFGQIMEIRVFPEKGYSFVRFSTHESAAHAIVSVNGTTIEGHVVKCYWGK 72

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast nuclear polyadenylated RNA-binding protein 4 (Hrp1p or Nab4p) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of Hrp1p and similar proteins. Hrp1p or Nab4p, also termed cleavage factor IB (CFIB), is a sequence-specific trans-acting factor that is essential for mRNA 3'-end formation in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It can be UV cross-linked to RNA and specifically recognizes the (UA)6 RNA element required for both, the cleavage and poly(A) addition steps. Moreover, Hrp1p can shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and play an additional role in the export of mRNAs to the cytoplasm. Hrp1p also interacts with Rna15p and Rna14p, two components of CF1A. In addition, Hrp1p functions as a factor directly involved in modulating the activity of the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway; it binds specifically to a downstream sequence element (DSE)-containing RNA and interacts with Upf1p, a component of the surveillance complex, further triggering the NMD pathway. Hrp1p contains two central RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an arginine-glycine-rich region harboring repeats of the sequence RGGF/Y.

Pssm-ID: 409767 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 46.93 E-value: 4.63e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC------GFVQYANRACAEQALSVlNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12330   2 IFVGGLAPDVTEEEFKEYFEQFGTVVDAVVMLDHDTgrsrgfGFVTFDSESAVEKVLSK-GFHELGGKKV 70

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of Nop4p (also known as Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 410075 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 47.07 E-value: 4.91e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVH---VKIPAGKRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12674   1 TTLFVRNLPFDVTLESLTDFFSDIGPVKHavvVTDPETKKSrgyGFVSFSTHDDAEEALAKLKNRKLSGHILKLDF 76

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen B (HuB); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of HuB, also termed ELAV-like protein 2 (ELAV-2), or ELAV-like neuronal protein 1, or nervous system-specific RNA-binding protein Hel-N1 (Hel-N1), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads and is up-regulated during neuronal differentiation of embryonic carcinoma P19 cells. Like other Hu proteins, HuB contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410164 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 47.41 E-value: 4.93e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906  91 MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12771  16 MTQEELKSLFGSIGEIESCKLVRDKITGQSLGYGFVNYIEPKDAEKAINTLNG 68

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of two serine/arginine (SR) proteins, serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 (SRSF7). SRSF3, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SRp20, modulates alternative splicing by interacting with RNA cis-elements in a concentration- and cell differentiation-dependent manner. It is also involved in termination of transcription, alternative RNA polyadenylation, RNA export, and protein translation. SRSF3 is critical for cell proliferation, and tumor induction and maintenance. It can shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm. SRSF7, also termed splicing factor 9G8, plays a crucial role in both constitutive splicing and alternative splicing of many pre-mRNAs. Its localization and functions are tightly regulated by phosphorylation. SRSF7 is predominantly present in the nuclear and can shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm. It cooperates with the export protein, Tap/NXF1, helps mRNA export to the cytoplasm, and enhances the expression of unspliced mRNA. Moreover, SRSF7 inhibits tau E10 inclusion through directly interacting with the proximal downstream intron of E10, a clustering region for frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism (FTDP) mutations. Both SRSF3 and SRSF7 contain a single N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal RS domain rich in serine-arginine dipeptides. The RRM domain is involved in RNA binding, and the RS domain has been implicated in protein shuttling and protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409808 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 46.85 E-value: 5.15e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGkrCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12373   2 VYVGNLGPRVTKRELEDAFEKYGPLRNVWVarnPPG--FAFVEFEDPRDAEDAVRALDGRRICGSRVR 67

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43), yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1 (RBP1), yeast protein NAM8, and similar proteins. SECp43 is an RNA-binding protein associated specifically with eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNA [tRNA(Sec)]. It may play an adaptor role in the mechanism of selenocysteine insertion. SECp43 is located primarily in the nucleus and contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal polar/acidic region. Yeast proteins, NGR1 and NAM8, show high sequence similarity with SECp43. NGR1 is a putative glucose-repressible protein that binds both RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). It may function in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains three RRMs, two of which are followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the C-terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region. NAM8 is a putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. NAM8 also contains three RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409780 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 46.91 E-value: 5.27e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFG-ELVHVKI--------PAGKrcGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGG--QSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12344   1 TLWMGDLEPWMDEAYISSCFAKTGeEVVSVKIirnkqtgkSAGY--CFVEFATQEAAEQALEHLNGKPIPNtqQRFRLNW 78


                ....
gi 18416906 348 GRSP 351
Cdd:cd12344  79 ASFS 82

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein RBM23, RBM39 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM39 (also termed HCC1), a nuclear autoantigen that contains an N-terminal arginine/serine rich (RS) motif and three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). An octapeptide sequence called the RS-ERK motif is repeated six times in the RS region of RBM39. Although the cellular function of RBM23 remains unclear, it shows high sequence homology to RBM39 and contains two RRMs. It may possibly function as a pre-mRNA splicing factor.

Pssm-ID: 409726 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 46.85 E-value: 5.51e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12284   1 LYVGSLHFNITEDMLRGIFEPFGKIEFVQLQKDPETGRSKGYGFIQFRDAEDAKKALEQLNG 62

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein SNP1 and similar proteins; SNP1, also called U1 snRNP protein SNP1, or U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa homolog, or U1 70K, or U1 snRNP 70 kDa homolog, interacts with mRNA and is involved in nuclear mRNA splicing. It is a component of the spliceosome, where it is associated with snRNP U1 by binding stem loop I of U1 snRNA. Members in this family contain an N-terminal U1snRNP70 domain and an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also called RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 410194 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 118 Bit Score: 48.08 E-value: 5.54e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 269 NSGESDPTNTtIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQA---LSVLNGTQLG 339
Cdd:cd21615  11 HIADGDPYKT-LFVGRLDYSLTELELQKKFSKFGEIEKIRIVRDKETGksrgyaFIVFKSESDAKNAfkeGNGLRGLKIN 89


                ....
gi 18416906 340 GQSI 343
Cdd:cd21615  90 DRTC 93

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R (hnRNP R) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 in hnRNP R, hnRNP Q, and APOBEC-1 complementation factor (ACF). hnRNP R is a ubiquitously expressed nuclear RNA-binding protein that specifically bind mRNAs with a preference for poly(U) stretches and has been implicated in mRNA processing and mRNA transport, and also acts as a regulator to modify binding to ribosomes and RNA translation. hnRNP Q is also a ubiquitously expressed nuclear RNA-binding protein. It has been identified as a component of the spliceosome complex, as well as a component of the apobec-1 editosome, and has been implicated in the regulation of specific mRNA transport. ACF is an RNA-binding subunit of a core complex that interacts with apoB mRNA to facilitate C to U RNA editing. It may also act as an apoB mRNA recognition factor and chaperone and play a key role in cell growth and differentiation. This family also includes two functionally unknown RNA-binding proteins, RBM46 and RBM47. All members contain three conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409697 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 46.47 E-value: 6.17e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDrttgrskgYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPM 245
Cdd:cd12251   4 LYVRNLMLSTTEEKLRELFSE-YGKVERVKKIKD--------YAFVHFEERDDAVKAMEEMNGKELEGSEI 65

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in plant Mei2-like proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of Mei2-like proteins that represent an ancient eukaryotic RNA-binding proteins family. Their corresponding Mei2-like genes appear to have arisen early in eukaryote evolution, been lost from some lineages such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and metazoans, and diversified in the plant lineage. The plant Mei2-like genes may function in cell fate specification during development, rather than as stimulators of meiosis. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The C-terminal RRM (RRM3) is unique to Mei2-like proteins and it is highly conserved between plants and fungi. Up to date, the intracellular localization, RNA target(s), cellular interactions and phosphorylation states of Mei2-like proteins in plants remain unclear.

Pssm-ID: 409944 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 46.50 E-value: 6.43e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRcGFV---QYANRAcAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12524   3 TLFVRNINSSVEDEELRALFEQFGEIRTLYTACKHR-GFImvsYYDIRA-AQSAKRALQGTELGGRKL 68

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M), myelin expression factor 2 (MEF-2 or MyEF-2 or MST156) and similar proteins. hnRNP M is pre-mRNA binding protein that may play an important role in the pre-mRNA processing. It also preferentially binds to poly(G) and poly(U) RNA homopolymers. hnRNP M is able to interact with early spliceosomes, further influencing splicing patterns of specific pre-mRNAs. It functions as the receptor of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that contains the penta-peptide sequence PELPK signaling motif. In addition, hnRNP M and another splicing factor Nova-1 work together as dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) pre-mRNA-binding proteins. They regulate alternative splicing of D2R pre-mRNA in an antagonistic manner. hnRNP M contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an unusual hexapeptide-repeat region rich in methionine and arginine residues (MR repeat motif). MEF-2 is a sequence-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding protein that binds specifically to ssDNA derived from the proximal (MB1) element of the myelin basic protein (MBP) promoter and represses transcription of the MBP gene. MEF-2 shows high sequence homology with hnRNP M. It also contains three RRMs, which may be responsible for its ssDNA binding activity.

Pssm-ID: 409820 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 46.58 E-value: 6.73e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12386   1 IFVANLDYKVGWKKLKEVFKLA-GKVVRADIREDKD-GKSRGMGVVQFEHPIEAVQAISMFNGQMLFDRPMR 70

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Q (hnRNP Q); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of hnRNP Q, also termed glycine- and tyrosine-rich RNA-binding protein (GRY-RBP), or NS1-associated protein 1 (NASP1), or synaptotagmin-binding, cytoplasmic RNA-interacting protein (SYNCRIP). It is a ubiquitously expressed nuclear RNA-binding protein identified as a component of the spliceosome complex, as well as a component of the apobec-1 editosome. As an alternatively spliced version of NSAP, it acts as an interaction partner of a multifunctional protein required for viral replication, and is implicated in the regulation of specific mRNA transport. hnRNP Q has also been identified as SYNCRIP that is a dual functional protein participating in both viral RNA replication and translation. As a synaptotagmin-binding protein, hnRNP Q plays a putative role in organelle-based mRNA transport along the cytoskeleton. Moreover, hnRNP Q has been found in protein complexes involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover and mRNA splicing. It functions as a wild-type survival motor neuron (SMN)-binding protein that may participate in pre-mRNA splicing and modulate mRNA transport along microtubuli. hnRNP Q contains an acidic auxiliary N-terminal region, followed by two well defined and one degenerated RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal RGG motif; hnRNP Q binds RNA through its RRM domains.

Pssm-ID: 409918 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 46.52 E-value: 7.15e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKipAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12495   4 LFVRNLANTVTEEILEKAFSQFGKLERVK--KLKDYAFIHFDERDGAVKAMDEMNGKDLEGENIEIVFAK 71

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 (CSTF2), cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 tau variant (CSTF2T) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM domain of CSTF2, its tau variant and eukaryotic homologs. CSTF2, also termed cleavage stimulation factor 64 kDa subunit (CstF64), is the vertebrate conterpart of yeast mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15. It is expressed in all somatic tissues and is one of three cleavage stimulatory factor (CstF) subunits required for polyadenylation. CstF64 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a CstF77-binding domain, a repeated MEARA helical region and a conserved C-terminal domain reported to bind the transcription factor PC-4. During polyadenylation, CstF interacts with the pre-mRNA through the RRM of CstF64 at U- or GU-rich sequences within 10 to 30 nucleotides downstream of the cleavage site. CSTF2T, also termed tauCstF64, is a paralog of the X-linked cleavage stimulation factor CstF64 protein that supports polyadenylation in most somatic cells. It is expressed during meiosis and subsequent haploid differentiation in a more limited set of tissues and cell types, largely in meiotic and postmeiotic male germ cells, and to a lesser extent in brain. The loss of CSTF2T will cause male infertility, as it is necessary for spermatogenesis and fertilization. Moreover, CSTF2T is required for expression of genes involved in morphological differentiation of spermatids, as well as for genes having products that function during interaction of motile spermatozoa with eggs. It promotes germ cell-specific patterns of polyadenylation by using its RRM to bind to different sequence elements downstream of polyadenylation sites than does CstF64.

Pssm-ID: 410072 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 46.74 E-value: 7.34e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 272 ESDPTNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI--------PAGKrcGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12671   1 ASDRSLRSVFVGNIPYEATEEQLKDIFSEVGPVVSFRLvydretgkPKGY--GFCEYQDQETALSAMRNLNGYELNGRAL 78


                ..
gi 18416906 344 RL 345
Cdd:cd12671  79 RV 80

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in granule-associated RNA binding proteins p40-TIA-1 and TIAR; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1 or TIA-1) and nucleolysin TIA-1-related protein (TIAR), both of which are granule-associated RNA binding proteins involved in inducing apoptosis in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. TIA-1 and TIAR share high sequence similarity. They are expressed in a wide variety of cell types. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis.TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. Both, TIA-1 and TIAR, bind specifically to poly(A) but not to poly(C) homopolymers. They are composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 and TIAR interact with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and their RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs. The C-terminal auxiliary domain may be responsible for interacting with other proteins. In addition, TIA-1 and TIAR share a potential serine protease-cleavage site (Phe-Val-Arg) localized at the junction between their RNA binding domains and their C-terminal auxiliary domains.

Pssm-ID: 409788 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 46.24 E-value: 7.44e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDrtTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12352   2 YVGNLDRQVTEDLILQLF-SQIGPCKSCKMITE--HGGNDPYCFVEFYEHNHAAAALQAMNGRKILGKEVK 69

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in cyclophilin-33 (Cyp33) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of Cyp33, also termed peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase E (PPIase E), or cyclophilin E, or rotamase E. Cyp33 is a nuclear RNA-binding cyclophilin with an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal PPIase domain. Cyp33 possesses RNA-binding activity and preferentially binds to polyribonucleotide polyA and polyU, but hardly to polyG and polyC. It binds specifically to mRNA, which can stimulate its PPIase activity. Moreover, Cyp33 interacts with the third plant homeodomain (PHD3) zinc finger cassette of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) proto-oncoprotein and a poly-A RNA sequence through its RRM domain. It further mediates downregulation of the expression of MLL target genes HOXC8, HOXA9, CDKN1B, and C-MYC, in a proline isomerase-dependent manner. Cyp33 also possesses a PPIase activity that catalyzes cis-trans isomerization of the peptide bond preceding a proline, which has been implicated in the stimulation of folding and conformational changes in folded and unfolded proteins. The PPIase activity can be inhibited by the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A.

Pssm-ID: 409783 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 46.45 E-value: 7.74e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPA------GKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12347   1 LYVGGLAEEVDEKVLHAAFIPFGDIVDIQIPLdyetekHRGFAFVEFEEAEDAAAAIDNMNESELFGRTIRVN 73

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R (hnRNP R); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of hnRNP R. a ubiquitously expressed nuclear RNA-binding protein that specifically bind mRNAs with a preference for poly(U) stretches. Upon binding of RNA, hnRNP R forms oligomers, most probably dimers. hnRNP R has been implicated in mRNA processing and mRNA transport, and also acts as a regulator to modify binding to ribosomes and RNA translation. hnRNP R is predominantly located in axons of motor neurons and to a much lower degree in sensory axons. In axons of motor neurons, it also functions as a cytosolic protein and interacts with wild type of survival motor neuron (SMN) proteins directly, further providing a molecular link between SMN and the spliceosome. Moreover, hnRNP R plays an important role in neural differentiation and development, as well as in retinal development and light-elicited cellular activities. hnRNP R contains an acidic auxiliary N-terminal region, followed by two well-defined and one degenerated RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal RGG motif; hnRNP R binds RNA through its RRM domains.

Pssm-ID: 409917 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 46.18 E-value: 8.22e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKipAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12494   4 LFVRNLATTVTEEILEKTFSQFGKLERVK--KLKDYAFVHFEDRDAAVKAMDEMNGKEVEGEEIEI 67

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein PES4, protein MIP6 and similar proteins; The family includes PES4 (also called DNA polymerase epsilon suppressor 4) and MIP6 (also called MEX67-interacting protein 6), both of which are predicted RNA binding proteins that may act as regulators of late translation, protection, and mRNA localization. MIP6 acts as a novel factor for nuclear mRNA export, binds to both poly(A)+ RNA and nuclear pores. It interacts with MEX67. Members in this family contain four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410180 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 46.57 E-value: 8.36e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAP--------MPS 148
Cdd:cd21601   2 ALFIGDLDKDVTEEMLRDIFSKYKSLVSVKICLDSETKKSLGYGYLNFSDKEDAEKAIEEFNYTPifgkevriMPS 77

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Zinc finger CCHC-type and RNA-binding motif-containing protein 1 (ZCRB1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of ZCRB1, also termed MADP-1, or U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 31 kDa protein (U11/U12 snRNP 31 or U11/U12-31K), a novel multi-functional nuclear factor, which may be involved in morphine dependence, cold/heat stress, and hepatocarcinoma. It is located in the nucleoplasm, but outside the nucleolus. ZCRB1 is one of the components of U11/U12 snRNPs that bind to U12-type pre-mRNAs and form a di-snRNP complex, simultaneously recognizing the 5' splice site and branchpoint sequence. ZCRB1 is characterized by an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a CCHC-type Zinc finger motif. In addition, it contains core nucleocapsid motifs, and Lys- and Glu-rich domains.

Pssm-ID: 409827 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 46.12 E-value: 8.48e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12393   2 STVYVSNLPFSLTNNDLHQIFSKYGKVVKVTIlkdketRKSKGVAFVLFLDRESAHNAVRAMNNKELFGRTLKCS 76

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in the Aly/REF family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of Aly/REF family which includes THO complex subunit 4 (THOC4, also termed Aly/REF), S6K1 Aly/REF-like target (SKAR, also termed PDIP3 or PDIP46) and similar proteins. THOC4 is an mRNA transporter protein with a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). It is involved in RNA transportation from the nucleus, and was initially identified as a transcription coactivator of LEF-1 and AML-1 for the TCRalpha enhancer function. In addition, THOC4 specifically binds to rhesus (RH) promoter in erythroid, and might be a novel transcription cofactor for erythroid-specific genes. SKAR shows high sequence homology with THOC4 and possesses one RRM as well. SKAR is widely expressed and localizes to the nucleus. It may be a critical player in the function of S6K1 in cell and organism growth control by binding the activated, hyperphosphorylated form of S6K1 but not S6K2. Furthermore, SKAR functions as a protein partner of the p50 subunit of DNA polymerase delta. In addition, SKAR may have particular importance in pancreatic beta cell size determination and insulin secretion.

Pssm-ID: 409852 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 46.42 E-value: 8.71e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 173 HTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSsVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12418   1 TRVRVSNLHPDVTEEDLRELFGRVGP-VKSVKINYDRS-GRSTGTAYVVFERPEDAEKAIKQFDGVLLDGQPMK 72

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the Hu proteins family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of the Hu proteins family which represents a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410053 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 46.24 E-value: 9.07e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 188 MLTETFKAVYSS---VKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12650  12 MTQDEIRSLFSSigeIESCKLIRDKVTGQSLGYGFVNYVDPSDAEKAINTLNG 64

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of Nop4p (also known as Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 410076 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 46.32 E-value: 9.68e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 291 EDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP---AGKRCGF--VQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12675  15 PVHLKKLFGRYGKVVEATIPrkkGGKLSGFafVTMKGRKNAEEALESVNGLEIDGRPVAVDW 76

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate paraspeckle protein 1 (PSP1); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of PSPC1, also termed paraspeckle component 1 (PSPC1), a novel nucleolar factor that accumulates within a new nucleoplasmic compartment, termed paraspeckles, and diffusely distributes in the nucleoplasm. It is ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved in vertebrates. Its cellular function remains unknown currently, however, PSPC1 forms a novel heterodimer with the nuclear protein p54nrb, also known as non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding protein (NonO), which localizes to paraspeckles in an RNA-dependent manner. PSPC1 contains two conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), at the N-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409999 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 46.07 E-value: 9.72e-07

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12586   4 LFVGNLPTDITEEDFKRLFERYGEPSEVFINRDRGFGFIRLESRTLAEIAKAELDGTILKSRPLRI 69

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in granule-associated RNA binding proteins (p40-TIA-1 and TIAR), and yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of TIA-1, TIAR, and PUB1. Nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1 or TIA-1) and nucleolysin TIA-1-related protein (TIAR) are granule-associated RNA binding proteins involved in inducing apoptosis in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. They share high sequence similarity and are expressed in a wide variety of cell types. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis.TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. Both TIA-1 and TIAR bind specifically to poly(A) but not to poly(C) homopolymers. They are composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 and TIAR interact with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and their RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs. The C-terminal auxiliary domain may be responsible for interacting with other proteins. In addition, TIA-1 and TIAR share a potential serine protease-cleavage site (Phe-Val-Arg) localized at the junction between their RNA binding domains and their C-terminal auxiliary domains. This subfamily also includes a yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1, termed ARS consensus-binding protein ACBP-60, or poly uridylate-binding protein, or poly(U)-binding protein, which has been identified as both a heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein (mRNP). It may be stably bound to a translationally inactive subpopulation of mRNAs within the cytoplasm. PUB1 is distributed in both, the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and binds to poly(A)+ RNA (mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it is one of the major cellular proteins cross-linked by UV light to polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is nonessential for cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds to T-rich single stranded DNA (ssDNA); however, there is no strong evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism of DNA replication. PUB1 contains three RRMs, and a GAR motif (glycine and arginine rich stretch) that is located between RRM2 and RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 409790 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 45.74 E-value: 1.08e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDrttgrsKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTG 248
Cdd:cd12354   2 TVYVGNITKGLTEALLQQTFSP-FGQILEVRVFPD------KGYAFIRFDSHEAATHAIVSVNGTIINGQAVKCS 69

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen D (HuD); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of HuD, also termed ELAV-like protein 4 (ELAV-4), or paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen HuD, one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuD has been implicated in various aspects of neuronal function, such as the commitment and differentiation of neuronal precursors as well as synaptic remodeling in mature neurons. HuD also functions as an important regulator of mRNA expression in neurons by interacting with AU-rich RNA element (ARE) and stabilizing multiple transcripts. Moreover, HuD regulates the nuclear processing/stability of N-myc pre-mRNA in neuroblastoma cells, as well as the neurite elongation and morphological differentiation. HuD specifically binds poly(A) RNA. Like other Hu proteins, HuD contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410163 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 46.25 E-value: 1.09e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906  91 MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12770  13 MTQEEFRSLFGSIGEIESCKLVRDKITGQSLGYGFVNYIDPKDAEKAINTLNG 65

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in AZoospermia (DAZ) autosomal homologs, DAZL (DAZ-like) and BOULE; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of two Deleted in AZoospermia (DAZ) autosomal homologs, DAZL (DAZ-like) and BOULE. BOULE is the founder member of the family and DAZL arose from BOULE in an ancestor of vertebrates. The DAZ gene subsequently originated from a duplication transposition of the DAZL gene. Invertebrates contain a single DAZ homolog, BOULE, while vertebrates, other than catarrhine primates, possess both BOULE and DAZL genes. The catarrhine primates possess BOULE, DAZL, and DAZ genes. The family members encode closely related RNA-binding proteins that are required for fertility in numerous organisms. These proteins contain an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a varying number of copies of a DAZ motif, believed to mediate protein-protein interactions. DAZL and BOULE contain a single copy of the DAZ motif, while DAZ proteins can contain 8-24 copies of this repeat. Although their specific biochemical functions remain to be investigated, DAZL proteins may interact with poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), and act as translational activators of specific mRNAs during gametogenesis.

Pssm-ID: 409846 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 46.07 E-value: 1.20e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPA-----GKRCGFVQY-----ANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLG-GQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12412   4 RIFVGGIDWDTTEEELREFFSKFGKVKDVKIIKdragvSKGYGFVTFetqedAEKIQKWGANLVFKGKKLNvGPAIR 80

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast meiotic activator RIM4 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RIM4, also termed regulator of IME2 protein 4, a putative RNA binding protein that is expressed at elevated levels early in meiosis. It functions as a meiotic activator required for both the IME1- and IME2-dependent pathways of meiotic gene expression, as well as early events of meiosis, such as meiotic division and recombination, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RIM4 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The family also includes a putative RNA-binding protein termed multicopy suppressor of sporulation protein Msa1. It is a putative RNA-binding protein encoded by a novel gene, msa1, from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Msa1 may be involved in the inhibition of sexual differentiation by controlling the expression of Ste11-regulated genes, possibly through the pheromone-signaling pathway. Like RIM4, Msa1 also contains two RRMs, both of which are essential for the function of Msa1.

Pssm-ID: 409887 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 86 Bit Score: 46.25 E-value: 1.21e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDL----KSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12453   5 LFVASLSSARSDEELcaavTNHFSKWGELLNVKVlkdWSNRPYAFVQYTNTEDAKNALVNGHNTLLDGRHLR 76

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in protein BOULE; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of BOULE, the founder member of the human DAZ gene family. Invertebrates contain a single BOULE, while vertebrates, other than catarrhine primates, possess both BOULE and DAZL genes. The catarrhine primates possess BOULE, DAZL, and DAZ genes. BOULE encodes an RNA-binding protein containing an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a single copy of the DAZ motif. Although its specific biochemical functions remains to be investigated, BOULE protein may interact with poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), and act as translational activators of specific mRNAs during gametogenesis.

Pssm-ID: 410074 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 46.03 E-value: 1.35e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 173 HTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAAN 252
Cdd:cd12673   3 NRIFVGGIDFKTNENDLRKFF-AQYGSVKEVKIVNDRA-GVSKGYGFITFETQEDAQKILQEAEKLNYKDKKLNIGPAIR 80


                .
gi 18416906 253 K 253
Cdd:cd12673  81 K 81

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein 11 (RBM11); This subfamily corresponds to the RRM or RBM11, a novel tissue-specific splicing regulator that is selectively expressed in brain, cerebellum and testis, and to a lower extent in kidney. RBM11 is localized in the nucleoplasm and enriched in SRSF2-containing splicing speckles. It may play a role in the modulation of alternative splicing during neuron and germ cell differentiation. RBM11 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a region lacking known homology at the C-terminus. The RRM of RBM11 is responsible for RNA binding, whereas the C-terminal region permits nuclear localization and homodimerization.

Pssm-ID: 410006 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 45.56 E-value: 1.39e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC-----GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12593   1 DRTVFVGNLHSNVNEEILYELFLQAGPLTKVTIAKDKEGkpksfGFVCFKHAESVPYAIALLNGIRLYGRPIKLQ 75

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in U2-associated protein SR140 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of SR140 (also termed U2 snRNP-associated SURP motif-containing protein orU2SURP, or 140 kDa Ser/Arg-rich domain protein) which is a putative splicing factor mainly found in higher eukaryotes. Although it is initially identified as one of the 17S U2 snRNP-associated proteins, the molecular and physiological function of SR140 remains unclear. SR140 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a SWAP/SURP domain that is found in a number of pre-mRNA splicing factors in the middle region, and a C-terminal arginine/serine-rich domain (RS domain).

Pssm-ID: 409670 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 45.75 E-value: 1.41e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRT---TGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTG 248
Cdd:cd12223   4 LYVGNLPPSVTEEVLLREF-GRFGPLASVKIMWPRTeeeRRRNRNCGFVAFMSRADAERAMRELNGKDVMGYELKLG 79

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the c-myc gene single-strand binding proteins (MSSP) family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of c-myc gene single-strand binding proteins (MSSP) family, including single-stranded DNA-binding protein MSSP-1 (also termed RBMS1 or SCR2) and MSSP-2 (also termed RBMS2 or SCR3). All MSSP family members contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), both of which are responsible for the specific DNA binding activity. Both, MSSP-1 and -2, have been identified as protein factors binding to a putative DNA replication origin/transcriptional enhancer sequence present upstream from the human c-myc gene in both single- and double-stranded forms. Thus, they have been implied in regulating DNA replication, transcription, apoptosis induction, and cell-cycle movement, via the interaction with c-MYC, the product of protooncogene c-myc. Moreover, the family includes a new member termed RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein 3 (RBMS3), which is not a transcriptional regulator. RBMS3 binds with high affinity to A/U-rich stretches of RNA, and to A/T-rich DNA sequences, and functions as a regulator of cytoplasmic activity. In addition, a putative meiosis-specific RNA-binding protein termed sporulation-specific protein 5 (SPO5, or meiotic RNA-binding protein 1, or meiotically up-regulated gene 12 protein), encoded by Schizosaccharomyces pombe Spo5/Mug12 gene, is also included in this family. SPO5 is a novel meiosis I regulator that may function in the vicinity of the Mei2 dot.

Pssm-ID: 409689 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 45.38 E-value: 1.42e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLtETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQ 238
Cdd:cd12243   3 VYIRGLPPNTTDEDL-LLLCQSFGKIISTKAIIDKQTNKCKGYGFVDFDSPEAALKAIEGLNGR 65

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in nucleolin-like proteins mainly from plants; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of a group of plant nucleolin-like proteins, including nucleolin 1 (also termed protein nucleolin like 1) and nucleolin 2 (also termed protein nucleolin like 2, or protein parallel like 1). They play roles in the regulation of ribosome synthesis and in the growth and development of plants. Like yeast nucleolin, nucleolin-like proteins possess two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409884 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 45.85 E-value: 1.42e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPA----GKRCGF--VQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12450   1 TLFVGNLSWSATQDDLENFFSDCGEVVDVRIAMdrddGRSKGFghVEFASAESAQKALE-KSGQDLGGREIRL 72

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in the Hu proteins family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of the Hu proteins family which represent a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409811 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 45.77 E-value: 1.53e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12377   1 CIFVYNLAPDADESLLWQLFGPFGAVQNVKIirdFTTNKCkgyGFVTMTNYDEAAVAIASLNGYRLGGRVLQVS 74

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTB or hnRNP I) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTB or hnRNP I), polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 2 (PTBP2 or nPTB), regulator of differentiation 1 (Rod1), and similar proteins found in Metazoa. PTB is an important negative regulator of alternative splicing in mammalian cells and also functions at several other aspects of mRNA metabolism, including mRNA localization, stabilization, polyadenylation, and translation. PTBP2 is highly homologous to PTB and is perhaps specific to the vertebrates. Unlike PTB, PTBP2 is enriched in the brain and in some neural cell lines. It binds more stably to the downstream control sequence (DCS) RNA than PTB does but is a weaker repressor of splicing in vitro. PTBP2 also greatly enhances the binding of two other proteins, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) H and KH-type splicing-regulatory protein (KSRP), to the DCS RNA. The binding properties of PTBP2 and its reduced inhibitory activity on splicing imply roles in controlling the assembly of other splicing-regulatory proteins. PTBP2 also contains four RRMs. ROD1 coding protein Rod1 is a mammalian PTB homolog of a regulator of differentiation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, where the nrd1 gene encodes an RNA binding protein negatively regulates the onset of differentiation. ROD1 is predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells or organs. It may play a role controlling differentiation in mammals. All members in this family contain four RNA recognition motifs (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409857 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 45.68 E-value: 1.53e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 286 DQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKR-CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12423   9 EEMVTPDALFTLFGVYGDVLRVKILFNKKdTALIQMADPQQAQTALQHLNGIKLFGKPIRVT 70

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein HRB1, G-strand-binding protein 2 (GBP2) and similar proteins; The family includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein HRB1 (also called protein TOM34) and GBP2, both of which are SR-like mRNA-binding proteins which shuttle from the nucleus to the cytoplasm when bound to the mature mRNA molecules. They act as quality control factors for spliced mRNAs. GBP2, also called RAP1 localization factor 6, is a single-strand telomeric DNA-binding protein that binds single-stranded telomeric sequences of the type (TG[1-3])n in vitro. It also binds to RNA. GBP2 influences the localization of RAP1 in the nuclei and plays a role in modulating telomere length. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410184 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 45.75 E-value: 1.54e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 172 EHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKgAKVVNDRttGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd21605   1 ENSIFVGNLPFDCTWEDLKDHFSQVGEVIR-ADIVTSR--GRHRGMGTVEFTNKEDVDRAISKFDH 63

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in type I polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of type I poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar proteins. PABP-1 is a ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in mammalian and may play an important role in the testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3 shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1. However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than PABP-1. Moreover, PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammals, such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs, PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The family also includes yeast PABP, a conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409812 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 45.32 E-value: 2.06e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG-RSP 351
Cdd:cd12378   2 LYVGDLHPDVTEAMLYEKFSPAGPVLSIRVcrdAVTRRSlgyAYVNFQQPADAERALDTLNFDVIKGKPIRIMWSqRDP 80

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Drosophila sex-lethal (SXL) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of SXL which governs sexual differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila melanogaster. It induces female-specific alternative splicing of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the sex-determination process. SXL binds also to its own pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative splicing. SXL contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein interaction, and tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), that show high preference to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA transcripts.

Pssm-ID: 241093 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 45.47 E-value: 2.13e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSP 351
Cdd:cd12649   1 TNLIVNYLPQDLTDREFRALFRAIGPVNTCKIVRDKKTGysygfgFVDFTSEEDAQRAIKTLNGLQLQNKRLKVAYARPG 80


                .
gi 18416906 352 S 352
Cdd:cd12649  81 G 81

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of MRD1 which is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). MRD1 is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. It contains 5 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

Pssm-ID: 409981 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 44.86 E-value: 2.53e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGK-RC-GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12565   1 SRIIVKNLPKYVTEKRLKEHFSKKGEITDVKVmrtKDGKsRRfGFIGFKSEEEAQKAVKYFNKTFIDTSKI 71

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T-cells 3 (SART3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of SART3, also termed Tat-interacting protein of 110 kDa (Tip110), an RNA-binding protein expressed in the nucleus of the majority of proliferating cells, including normal cells and malignant cells, but not in normal tissues except for the testes and fetal liver. It is involved in the regulation of mRNA splicing probably via its complex formation with RNA-binding protein with a serine-rich domain (RNPS1), a pre-mRNA-splicing factor. SART3 has also been identified as a nuclear Tat-interacting protein that regulates Tat transactivation activity through direct interaction and functions as an important cellular factor for HIV-1 gene expression and viral replication. In addition, SART3 is required for U6 snRNP targeting to Cajal bodies. It binds specifically and directly to the U6 snRNA, interacts transiently with the U6 and U4/U6 snRNPs, and promotes the reassembly of U4/U6 snRNPs after splicing in vitro. SART3 contains an N-terminal half-a-tetratricopeptide repeat (HAT)-rich domain, a nuclearlocalization signal (NLS) domain, and two C-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409825 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 44.91 E-value: 2.77e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAM----TEMNGqycssRPM 245
Cdd:cd12391   1 TVFVSNLDYSVPEDKIREIFSGC-GEITDVRLVKNYK-GKSKGYCYVEFKDEESAQKALkldrQPVEG-----RPM 69

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of p40-TIA-1, the 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1), and a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein mainly found in the granules of cytotoxic lymphocytes. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis, and function as the granule component responsible for inducing apoptosis in cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) targets. It is composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 410030 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 45.00 E-value: 3.08e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSSEqaFRLNW 157
Cdd:cd12618   5 VFVGDLSPEITTEDIKAAFAPFGRISDARVVKDMATGKSKGYGFVSFFNKWDAENAIQQMGGQWLGGRQ--IRTNW 78

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein G (hnRNP G), Y chromosome RNA recognition motif 1 (hRBMY), testis-specific heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein G-T (hnRNP G-T) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of hnRNP G, also termed glycoprotein p43 or RBMX, an RNA-binding motif protein located on the X chromosome. It is expressed ubiquitously and has been implicated in the splicing control of several pre-mRNAs. Moreover, hnRNP G may function as a regulator of transcription for SREBP-1c and GnRH1. Research has shown that hnRNP G may also act as a tumor-suppressor since it upregulates the Txnip gene and promotes the fidelity of DNA end-joining activity. In addition, hnRNP G appears to play a critical role in proper neural development of zebrafish and frog embryos. The family also includes several paralogs of hnRNP G, such as hRBMY and hnRNP G-T (also termed RNA-binding motif protein, X-linked-like-2). Both, hRBMY and hnRNP G-T, are exclusively expressed in testis and critical for male fertility. Like hnRNP G, hRBMY and hnRNP G-T interact with factors implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing, such as hTra2-beta1 and T-STAR. Although members in this family share a high conserved N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), they appear to recognize different RNA targets. For instance, hRBMY interacts specifically with a stem-loop structure in which the loop is formed by the sequence CA/UCAA. In contrast, hnRNP G associates with single stranded RNA sequences containing a CCA/C motif. In addition to the RRM, hnRNP G contains a nascent transcripts targeting domain (NTD) in the middle region and a novel auxiliary RNA-binding domain (RBD) in its C-terminal region. The C-terminal RBD exhibits distinct RNA binding specificity, and would play a critical role in the regulation of alternative splicing by hnRNP G.

Pssm-ID: 409816 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 44.70 E-value: 3.10e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12382   4 LFIGGLNTETNEKALEAVFGK-YGRIVEVLLMKDRETNKSRGFAFVTFESPADAKDAARDMNGKELDGKAIK 74

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19) and RNA recognition motif 2 found in multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1); This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of RBM19 and RRM2 of MRD1. RBM19, also termed RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), is a nucleolar protein conserved in eukaryotes involved in ribosome biogenesis by processing rRNA and is essential for preimplantation development. It has a unique domain organization containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). MRD1 is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). It is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5 conserved RRMs, which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

Pssm-ID: 409755 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 44.64 E-value: 3.33e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQ 238
Cdd:cd12316   2 LFVRNLPFTATEDELRELFEA-FGKISEVHIPLDKQTKRSKGFAFVLFVIPEDAVKAYQELDGS 64

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen D (HuD); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuD, also termed ELAV-like protein 4 (ELAV-4), or paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen HuD, one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuD has been implicated in various aspects of neuronal function, such as the commitment and differentiation of neuronal precursors as well as synaptic remodeling in mature neurons. HuD also functions as an important regulator of mRNA expression in neurons by interacting with AU-rich RNA element (ARE) and stabilizing multiple transcripts. Moreover, HuD regulates the nuclear processing/stability of N-myc pre-mRNA in neuroblastoma cells. And it also regulates the neurite elongation and morphological differentiation. HuD specifically bound poly(A) RNA. Like other Hu proteins, HuD contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 241100 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 86 Bit Score: 45.08 E-value: 3.42e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAANK 253
Cdd:cd12656   6 IFVYNLSPDSDESVLWQLF-GPFGAVNNVKVIRDFNTNKCKGFGFVTMTNYDEAAMAIASLNGYRLGDRVLQVSFKTNK 83

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen C (HuC); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of HuC, also termed ELAV-like protein 3 (ELAV-3), or paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen, or paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis antigen 21 (PLE21), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. Like other Hu proteins, HuC contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). The AU-rich element binding of HuC can be inhibited by flavonoids. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410165 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 44.72 E-value: 3.50e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 187 HMLTETFKAVYSSV---KGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12772  15 NMTQEEFKSLFGSIgdiESCKLVRDKITGQSLGYGFVNYVDPNDADKAINTLNGLKLQTKTIKVSYA 81

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen B (HuB); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuB, also termed ELAV-like protein 2 (ELAV-2), or ELAV-like neuronal protein 1, or nervous system-specific RNA-binding protein Hel-N1 (Hel-N1), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. It is up-regulated during neuronal differentiation of embryonic carcinoma P19 cells. Like other Hu proteins, HuB contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 241098 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 86 Bit Score: 45.09 E-value: 3.61e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAANK 253
Cdd:cd12654   6 IFVYNLAPDADESILWQMF-GPFGAVTNVKVIRDFNTNKCKGFGFVTMTNYDEAAMAIASLNGYRLGDRVLQVSFKTNK 83

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Drosophila sex-lethal (SXL) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of the sex-lethal protein (SXL) which governs sexual differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila melanogaster. It induces female-specific alternative splicing of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the sex-determination process. SXL binds also to its own pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative splicing. SXL contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein interaction, and tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), that show high preference to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA transcripts.

Pssm-ID: 410054 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 44.88 E-value: 3.61e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 172 EHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPM 245
Cdd:cd12651   2 DTNLYVTNLPRTITEDELDTIFGA-YGNIVQKNLLRDKLTGRPRGVAFVRYDKREEAQAAISALNGTIPEGGTQ 74

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in U2 large nuclear ribonucleoprotein auxiliary factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit (U2AF65) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of U2AF65 and dU2AF50. U2AF65, also termed U2AF2, is the large subunit of U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) auxiliary factor (U2AF), which has been implicated in the recruitment of U2 snRNP to pre-mRNAs and is a highly conserved heterodimer composed of large and small subunits. U2AF65 specifically recognizes the intron polypyrimidine tract upstream of the 3' splice site and promotes binding of U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA branchpoint. U2AF65 also plays an important role in the nuclear export of mRNA. It facilitates the formation of a messenger ribonucleoprotein export complex, containing both the NXF1 receptor and the RNA substrate. Moreover, U2AF65 interacts directly and specifically with expanded CAG RNA, and serves as an adaptor to link expanded CAG RNA to NXF1 for RNA export. U2AF65 contains an N-terminal RS domain rich in arginine and serine, followed by a proline-rich segment and three C-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The N-terminal RS domain stabilizes the interaction of U2 snRNP with the branch point (BP) by contacting the branch region, and further promotes base pair interactions between U2 snRNA and the BP. The proline-rich segment mediates protein-protein interactions with the RRM domain of the small U2AF subunit (U2AF35 or U2AF1). The RRM1 and RRM2 are sufficient for specific RNA binding, while RRM3 is responsible for protein-protein interactions. The family also includes Splicing factor U2AF 50 kDa subunit (dU2AF50), the Drosophila ortholog of U2AF65. dU2AF50 functions as an essential pre-mRNA splicing factor in flies. It associates with intronless mRNAs and plays a significant and unexpected role in the nuclear export of a large number of intronless mRNAs.

Pssm-ID: 409678 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 44.56 E-value: 3.63e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 173 HTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQ 238
Cdd:cd12231   1 NKLFIGGLPNYLNEDQVKELLQS-FGKLKAFNLVKDSATGLSKGYAFCEYVDDNVTDQAIAGLNGM 65

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in (U)-binding-splicing factor PUF60 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of PUF60, also termed FUSE-binding protein-interacting repressor (FBP-interacting repressor or FIR), or Ro-binding protein 1 (RoBP1), or Siah-binding protein 1 (Siah-BP1). PUF60 is an essential splicing factor that functions as a poly-U RNA-binding protein required to reconstitute splicing in depleted nuclear extracts. Its function is enhanced through interaction with U2 auxiliary factor U2AF65. PUF60 also controls human c-myc gene expression by binding and inhibiting the transcription factor far upstream sequence element (FUSE)-binding-protein (FBP), an activator of c-myc promoters. PUF60 contains two central RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal U2AF (U2 auxiliary factor) homology motifs (UHM) that harbors another RRM and binds to tryptophan-containing linear peptide motifs (UHM ligand motifs, ULMs) in several nuclear proteins. Research indicates that PUF60 binds FUSE as a dimer, and only the first two RRM domains participate in the single-stranded DNA recognition.

Pssm-ID: 409806 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 44.58 E-value: 3.66e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 173 HTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12371   1 NRIYVASVHPDLSEDDIKSVFEA-FGKIKSCSLAPDPETGKHKGYGFIEYENPQSAQDAIASMNLFDLGGQYLRVGRA 77

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate nucleolin; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of ubiquitously expressed protein nucleolin, also termed protein C23, a multifunctional major nucleolar phosphoprotein that has been implicated in various metabolic processes, such as ribosome biogenesis, cytokinesis, nucleogenesis, cell proliferation and growth, cytoplasmic-nucleolar transport of ribosomal components, transcriptional repression, replication, signal transduction, inducing chromatin decondensation, etc. Nucleolin exhibits intrinsic self-cleaving, DNA helicase, RNA helicase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities. It can be phosphorylated by many protein kinases, such as the major mitotic kinase Cdc2, casein kinase 2 (CK2), and protein kinase C-zeta. Nucleolin shares similar domain architecture with gar2 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe and NSR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated N-terminal domain of nucleolin is made up of highly acidic regions separated from each other by basic sequences, and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The central domain of nucleolin contains four closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which suggests that nucleolin is potentially able to interact with multiple RNA targets. The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of nucleolin is rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues, and contains high levels of NG,NG-dimethylarginines.RRM2, together with RRM1, binds specifically to RNA stem-loops containing the sequence (U/G)CCCG(A/G) in the loop.

Pssm-ID: 409838 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 44.34 E-value: 3.76e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQfgeLVHVKIPAG-----KRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12404   5 TLFVKNLPYSTTQDELKEVFED---AVDIRIPMGrdgrsKGIAYIEFKSEAEAEKALEEKQGTEVDGRSI 71

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen D (HuD); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of HuD, also termed ELAV-like protein 4 (ELAV-4), or paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen HuD, one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuD has been implicated in various aspects of neuronal function, such as the commitment and differentiation of neuronal precursors as well as synaptic remodeling in mature neurons. HuD also functions as an important regulator of mRNA expression in neurons by interacting with AU-rich RNA element (ARE) and stabilizing multiple transcripts. Moreover, HuD regulates the nuclear processing/stability of N-myc pre-mRNA in neuroblastoma cells, as well as the neurite elongation and morphological differentiation. HuD specifically binds poly(A) RNA. Like other Hu proteins, HuD contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410163 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 44.71 E-value: 3.82e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 187 HMLTETFKAVYSSV---KGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12770  12 NMTQEEFRSLFGSIgeiESCKLVRDKITGQSLGYGFVNYIDPKDAEKAINTLNGLRLQTKTIKVSYA 78

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in CUGBP Elav-like family member CELF-1, CELF-2 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of CELF-1 (also termed BRUNOL-2, or CUG-BP1, or EDEN-BP), CELF-2 (also termed BRUNOL-3, or ETR-3, or CUG-BP2, or NAPOR), both of which belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding proteins that have been implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and in the control of mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-1 is strongly expressed in all adult and fetal tissues tested. Human CELF-1 is a nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein that regulates multiple aspects of nuclear and cytoplasmic mRNA processing, with implications for onset of type 1 myotonic dystrophy (DM1), a neuromuscular disease associated with an unstable CUG triplet expansion in the 3'-UTR (3'-untranslated region) of the DMPK (myotonic dystrophy protein kinase) gene; it preferentially targets UGU-rich mRNA elements. It has been shown to bind to a Bruno response element, a cis-element involved in translational control of oskar mRNA in Drosophila, and share sequence similarity to Bruno, the Drosophila protein that mediates this process. The Xenopus homolog embryo deadenylation element-binding protein (EDEN-BP) mediates sequence-specific deadenylation of Eg5 mRNA. It binds specifically to the EDEN motif in the 3'-untranslated regions of maternal mRNAs and targets these mRNAs for deadenylation and translational repression. CELF-1 contains three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The two N-terminal RRMs of EDEN-BP are necessary for the interaction with EDEN as well as a part of the linker region (between RRM2 and RRM3). Oligomerization of EDEN-BP is required for specific mRNA deadenylation and binding. CELF-2 is expressed in all tissues at some level, but highest in brain, heart, and thymus. It has been implicated in the regulation of nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA processing events, including alternative splicing, RNA editing, stability and translation. CELF-2 shares high sequence identity with CELF-1, but shows different binding specificity; it preferentially binds to sequences with UG repeats and UGUU motifs. It has been shown to bind to a Bruno response element, a cis-element involved in translational control of oskar mRNA in Drosophila, and share sequence similarity to Bruno, the Drosophila protein that mediates this process. It also binds to the 3'-UTR of cyclooxygenase-2 messages, affecting both translation and mRNA stability, and binds to apoB mRNA, regulating its C to U editing. CELF-2 also contains three highly conserved RRMs. It binds to RNA via the first two RRMs, which are also important for localization in the cytoplasm. The splicing activation or repression activity of CELF-2 on some specific substrates is mediated by RRM1/RRM2. Both, RRM1 and RRM2 of CELF-2, can activate cardiac troponin T (cTNT) exon 5 inclusion. In addition, CELF-2 possesses a typical arginine and lysine-rich nuclear localization signal (NLS) in the C-terminus, within RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 410042 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 44.66 E-value: 3.84e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAG--KRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQ 337
Cdd:cd12634   4 LFIGMVSKKCNENDIRVMFSPFGQIEECRIlrgPDGlsRGCAFVTFSTRAMAQNAIKAMHQSQ 66

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Helicobacter pylori HP0827 protein and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of H. pylori HP0827, a putative ssDNA-binding protein 12rnp2 precursor, containing one RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). The ssDNA binding may be important in activation of HP0827.

Pssm-ID: 409833 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 44.43 E-value: 3.86e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12399   1 LYVGNLPYSASEEQLKSLFGQ-FGAVFDVKLPMDRETKRPRGFGFVELQEEESAEKAIAKLDGTDFMGRTIR 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein MRN1 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of MRN1, also termed multicopy suppressor of RSC-NHP6 synthetic lethality protein 1, or post-transcriptional regulator of 69 kDa, which is a RNA-binding protein found in yeast. Although its specific biological role remains unclear, MRN1 might be involved in translational regulation. Members in this family contain four copies of conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409943 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 44.35 E-value: 4.11e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLnGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12523   6 VYLGNLPESITEEELREDLEKFGPIDQIKIVKEKNIAFVHFLSIANAIKVVTTL-PLNPKWAKRRIYYGK 74

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in transformer-2 protein homolog TRA2-alpha, TRA2-beta and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of two mammalian homologs of Drosophila transformer-2 (Tra2), TRA2-alpha, TRA2-beta (also termed SFRS10), and similar proteins found in eukaryotes. TRA2-alpha is a 40-kDa serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein that specifically binds to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) exonic splicing enhancer on exon 4 (ESE4) and is necessary for enhanced GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. It strongly stimulates GnRH intron A excision in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, TRA2-alpha can interact with either 9G8 or SRp30c, which may also be crucial for ESE-dependent GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. TRA2-beta is a serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein that controls the pre-mRNA alternative splicing of the calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) protein and the tau protein. Both, TRA2-alpha and TRA2-beta, contains a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), flanked by the N- and C-terminal arginine/serine (RS)-rich regions.

Pssm-ID: 409798 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 44.53 E-value: 4.30e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 289 VTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI----PAGK-RC-GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12363  13 TTERDLREVFSRYGPIEKVQVvydqQTGRsRGfGFVYFESVEDAKEAKERLNGQEIDGRRIR 74

RNA recognition motif in yeast ribosome biogenesis protein 15 (Nop15p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of Nop15p, also termed nucleolar protein 15, which is encoded by YNL110C from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and localizes to the nucleoplasm and nucleolus. Nop15p has been identified as a component of a pre-60S particle. It interacts with RNA components of the early pre-60S particles. Furthermore, Nop15p binds directly to a pre-rRNA transcript in vitro and is required for pre-rRNA processing. It functions as a ribosome synthesis factor required for the 5' to 3' exonuclease digestion that generates the 5' end of the major, short form of the 5.8S rRNA as well as for processing of 27SB to 7S pre-rRNA. Nop15p also play a specific role in cell cycle progression. Nop15p contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409968 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 44.47 E-value: 4.44e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12552   2 IYVSHLPHGFHEKELKKYFAQFGDLKNVRLARSKKTGNSKHYGFLEFVNPEDAMIAQKSMNN 63

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in plant flowering time control protein FCA and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of FCA, a gene controlling flowering time in Arabidopsis, which encodes a flowering time control protein that functions in the posttranscriptional regulation of transcripts involved in the flowering process. The flowering time control protein FCA contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a WW protein interaction domain.

Pssm-ID: 410045 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 44.29 E-value: 4.50e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGEL--VHVKIP----AGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGT 336
Cdd:cd12637   2 LFVGSLPKTATEQEVRDLFEAYGEVeeVYLMKDpvtqQGTGCAFVKFAYKEEALAAIRSLNGT 64

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Mei2-like proteins and terminal EAR1-like proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Mei2-like proteins from plant and fungi, terminal EAR1-like proteins from plant, and other eukaryotic homologs. Mei2-like proteins represent an ancient eukaryotic RNA-binding proteins family whose corresponding Mei2-like genes appear to have arisen early in eukaryote evolution, been lost from some lineages such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and metazoans, and diversified in the plant lineage. The plant Mei2-like genes may function in cell fate specification during development, rather than as stimulators of meiosis. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the Mei2 protein is an essential component of the switch from mitotic to meiotic growth. S. pombe Mei2 stimulates meiosis in the nucleus upon binding a specific non-coding RNA. The terminal EAR1-like protein 1 and 2 (TEL1 and TEL2) are mainly found in land plants. They may play a role in the regulation of leaf initiation. All members in this family are putative RNA-binding proteins carrying three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). In addition to the RRMs, the terminal EAR1-like proteins also contain TEL characteristic motifs that allow sequence and putative functional discrimination between them and Mei2-like proteins.

Pssm-ID: 409718 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 44.17 E-value: 4.59e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVK-IPAGKRCGFVQYAN-RACAEqALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12276   3 TLLVFNLDAPVSNDELKSLFSKFGEIKEIRpTPDKPSQKFVEFYDvRDAEA-ALDGLNGRELLGGKLKV 70

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in CELF/Bruno-like family of RNA binding proteins CELF1, CELF2, CELF3, CELF4, CELF5, CELF6 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) proteins, a family of structurally related RNA-binding proteins involved in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus and in the control of mRNA translation and deadenylation in the cytoplasm. The family contains six members: CELF-1 (also termed BRUNOL-2, or CUG-BP1, or NAPOR, or EDEN-BP), CELF-2 (also termed BRUNOL-3, or ETR-3, or CUG-BP2, or NAPOR-2), CELF-3 (also termed BRUNOL-1, or TNRC4, or ETR-1, or CAGH4, or ER DA4), CELF-4 (also termed BRUNOL-4), CELF-5 (also termed BRUNOL-5), CELF-6 (also termed BRUNOL-6). They all contain three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The low sequence conservation of the linker region is highly suggestive of a large variety in the co-factors that associate with the various CELF family members. Based on both sequence similarity and function, the CELF family can be divided into two subfamilies, the first containing CELFs 1 and 2, and the second containing CELFs 3, 4, 5, and 6. The different CELF proteins may act through different sites on at least some substrates. Furthermore, CELF proteins may interact with each other in varying combinations to influence alternative splicing in different contexts.

Pssm-ID: 409797 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 44.14 E-value: 4.66e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906  88 QPWMDENyLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12362   8 NEFTDQD-LYQLFAPFGNVVSAKVFVDKNTGRSKGFGFVSYDNPLSAQAAIKAMNG 62

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNP A2/B1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A2/B1, an RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE). Many mRNAs, such as myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin-associated oligodendrocytic basic protein (MOBP), carboxyanhydrase II (CAII), microtubule-associated protein tau, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) are trafficked by hnRNP A2/B1. hnRNP A2/B1 also functions as a splicing factor that regulates alternative splicing of the tumor suppressors, such as BIN1, WWOX, the antiapoptotic proteins c-FLIP and caspase-9B, the insulin receptor (IR), and the RON proto-oncogene among others. Overexpression of hnRNP A2/B1 has been described in many cancers. It functions as a nuclear matrix protein involving in RNA synthesis and the regulation of cellular migration through alternatively splicing pre-mRNA. It may play a role in tumor cell differentiation. hnRNP A2/B1 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409995 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 44.20 E-value: 4.76e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFAD 224
Cdd:cd12581   3 LFVGGIKEDTEEHHLRDYFEE-YGKIDTIEIITDRQSGKKRGFGFVTFDD 51

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the Hu proteins family, Drosophila sex-lethal (SXL), and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of Hu proteins and SXL. The Hu proteins family represents a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions. This family also includes the sex-lethal protein (SXL) from Drosophila melanogaster. SXL governs sexual differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in flies. It induces female-specific alternative splicing of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the sex-determination process. SXL binds to its own pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative splicing. It contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein interaction, and tandem RRMs that show high preference to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA transcripts.

Pssm-ID: 409810 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 44.32 E-value: 5.05e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 180 LAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12375   7 LPQSMTQEELRSLFGA-IGPIESCKLVRDKITGQSLGYGFVNYRDPNDARKAINTLNG 63

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein Raly; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of Raly, also termed autoantigen p542, or heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C-like 2, or hnRNP core protein C-like 2, or hnRNP associated with lethal yellow protein homolog, an RNA-binding protein that may play a critical role in embryonic development. It is encoded by Raly, a ubiquitously expressed gene of unknown function. Raly shows a high degree of identity with the 5' sequences of p542 gene encoding autoantigen, which can cross-react with EBNA-1 of the Epstein Barr virus. Raly contains two distinct domains, an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal auxiliary domain that includes a unique glycine/serine-rich stretch.

Pssm-ID: 410016 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 44.25 E-value: 5.39e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQS-VTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKrcGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSP 351
Cdd:cd12604   1 NSRVFIGNLNTAvVKKSDVETIFSKYGRVVGCSVHKGY--AFVQYTNERHARAAVIGENGRVLAGQTLDINMAGEP 74

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in cold inducible RNA binding protein (CIRBP), RNA binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of two structurally related heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, CIRBP (also termed CIRP or A18 hnRNP) and RBM3 (also termed RNPL), both of which belong to a highly conserved cold shock proteins family. The cold shock proteins can be induced after exposure to a moderate cold-shock and other cellular stresses such as UV radiation and hypoxia. CIRBP and RBM3 may function in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by binding to different transcripts, thus allowing the cell to response rapidly to environmental signals. However, the kinetics and degree of cold induction are different between CIRBP and RBM3. Tissue distribution of their expression is different. CIRBP and RBM3 may be differentially regulated under physiological and stress conditions and may play distinct roles in cold responses of cells. CIRBP, also termed glycine-rich RNA-binding protein CIRP, is localized in the nucleus and mediates the cold-induced suppression of cell cycle progression. CIRBP also binds DNA and possibly serves as a chaperone that assists in the folding/unfolding, assembly/disassembly and transport of various proteins. RBM3 may enhance global protein synthesis and the formation of active polysomes while reducing the levels of ribonucleoprotein complexes containing microRNAs. RBM3 may also serve to prevent the loss of muscle mass by its ability to decrease cell death. Furthermore, RBM3 may be essential for cell proliferation and mitosis. Both, CIRBP and RBM3, contain an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), that is involved in RNA binding, and C-terminal glycine-rich domain (RGG motif) that probably enhances RNA-binding via protein-protein and/or protein-RNA interactions. Like CIRBP, RBM3 can also bind to both RNA and DNA via its RRM domain.

Pssm-ID: 409883 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 44.01 E-value: 6.01e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC------GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12449   3 LFVGGLSFDTNEQSLEEVFSKYGQISEVVVVKDRETqrsrgfGFVTFENPDDAKDAMMAMNGKSLDGRQIRV 74

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of SECp43, an RNA-binding protein associated specifically with eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNA [tRNA(Sec)]. It may play an adaptor role in the mechanism of selenocysteine insertion. SECp43 is located primarily in the nucleus and contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal polar/acidic region.

Pssm-ID: 410024 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 43.90 E-value: 6.04e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFG-LTGEATAAKVIRNkQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAP 145
Cdd:cd12612   3 SLFVGDLTPEVDDGMLYEFFLkRYPSCKGAKVVLD-QLGNSRGYGFVRFSDENEQKRALTECQGAS 67

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate myelin expression factor 2 (MEF-2); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of MEF-2, also termed MyEF-2 or MST156, a sequence-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding protein that binds specifically to ssDNA derived from the proximal (MB1) element of the myelin basic protein (MBP) promoter and represses transcription of the MBP gene. MEF-2 contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which may be responsible for its ssDNA binding activity.

Pssm-ID: 410061 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 43.85 E-value: 6.05e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPM 245
Cdd:cd12660   2 TIFVANLDFKVGWKKLKEVF-SMAGTVKRADIKEDKD-GKSRGMGTVTFEQAIEAVQAISMFNGQFLFDRPM 71

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae nucleolar protein 6 (Nop6) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of Nop6, also known as Ydl213c, a component of 90S pre-ribosomal particles in yeast S. cerevisiae. It is enriched in the nucleolus and is required for 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis. Nop6 is a non-essential putative RNA-binding protein with two N-terminal putative nuclear localisation sequences (NLS-1 and NLS-2) and an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). It binds to the pre-rRNA early during transcription and plays an essential role in pre-rRNA processing.

Pssm-ID: 409834 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 43.75 E-value: 6.34e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 173 HTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAM----TEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12400   1 YILFVGNLPYDTTAEDLKEHFKKA-GEPPSVRLLTDKKTGKSKGCAFVEFDNQKALQKALklhhTSLGG 68

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in putative RNA binding motif protein 15B (RBM15B) from vertebrate; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM15B, also termed one twenty-two 3 (OTT3), a paralog of RNA binding motif protein 15 (RBM15), also known as One-twenty two protein 1 (OTT1). Like RBM15, RBM15B has post-transcriptional regulatory activity. It is a nuclear protein sharing with RBM15 the association with the splicing factor compartment and the nuclear envelope as well as the binding to mRNA export factors NXF1 and Aly/REF. RBM15B belongs to the Spen (split end) protein family, which shares a domain architecture comprising of three N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal SPOC (Spen paralog and ortholog C-terminal) domain.

Pssm-ID: 409972 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 44.14 E-value: 6.58e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFG--ELVHVKIPA---GKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12556  11 LFIGNLDHNVSEVELRRAFEKYGiiEEVVIKRPArgqGGAYAFLKFQNLDMAHRAKVAMSGRVIGRNPIKIGYGK 85

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of TDP-43 (also termed TARDBP), a ubiquitously expressed pathogenic protein whose normal function and abnormal aggregation are directly linked to the genetic disease cystic fibrosis, and two neurodegenerative disorders: frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). TDP-43 binds both DNA and RNA, and has been implicated in transcriptional repression, pre-mRNA splicing and translational regulation. TDP-43 is a dimeric protein with two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal glycine-rich domain. The RRMs are responsible for DNA and RNA binding; they bind to TAR DNA and RNA sequences with UG-repeats. The glycine-rich domain can interact with the hnRNP family proteins to form the hnRNP-rich complex involved in splicing inhibition. It is also essential for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) exon 9-skipping activity.

Pssm-ID: 409761 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 43.46 E-value: 6.88e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC-GFVQYANracAEQALSVLNGTQ-LGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12322   3 VFVGRCTEDMTEDDLRQYFSQFGEVTDVFIPKPFRAfAFVTFAD---DEVAQSLCGEDHiIKGVSVHIS 68

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in nucleolysin TIAR and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of nucleolysin TIAR, also termed TIA-1-related protein, a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein that shows high sequence similarity with 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (p40-TIA-1). TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. TIAR possesses nucleolytic activity against cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. It can trigger DNA fragmentation in permeabilized thymocytes, and thus may function as an effector responsible for inducing apoptosis. TIAR is composed of three N-terminal, highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. It interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 410029 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 43.83 E-value: 7.20e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSSEqaFRLNWA 158
Cdd:cd12617   4 VFVGDLSPEITTEDIKSAFAPFGKISDARVVKDMATGKSKGYGFVSFYNKLDAENAIVHMGGQWLGGRQ--IRTNWA 78

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe mRNA export factor Crp79, meiotically up-regulated gene 28 protein (Mug28) and similar proteins; Crp79, also called meiotic expression up-regulated protein 5 (Mug5), or polyadenylate-binding protein crp79, or PABP, or poly(A)-binding protein, is an auxiliary mRNA export factor that binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA and is involved in the export of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Mug28 is a meiosis-specific protein that regulates spore wall formation. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the three RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410201 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 92 Bit Score: 44.28 E-value: 7.31e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPD-VTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQ 238
Cdd:cd21622   6 LFVKNLDDTvITNKEDLEQLFSPFGQIVSSYLATYPGTGISKGFGFVAFSKPEDAAKAKETLNGV 70

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of yeast protein PUB1, also termed ARS consensus-binding protein ACBP-60, or poly uridylate-binding protein, or poly(U)-binding protein. PUB1 has been identified as both, a heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein (mRNP), which may be stably bound to a translationally inactive subpopulation of mRNAs within the cytoplasm. It is distributed in both, the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and binds to poly(A)+ RNA (mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it is one of the major cellular proteins cross-linked by UV light to polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is nonessential for cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds to T-rich single stranded DNA (ssDNA); however, there is no strong evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism of DNA replication. PUB1 contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a GAR motif (glycine and arginine rich stretch) that is located between RRM2 and RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 410026 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 43.58 E-value: 7.40e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRttgRSKG--YGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12614   1 LYVGNLDPRVTEDLLQEIF-AVTGPVENCKIIPDK---NSKGvnYGFVEYYDRRSAEIAIQTLNGRQIFGQEIK 70

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in CUGBP Elav-like family member CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, CELF-6 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, CELF-6, all of which belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding proteins that display dual nuclear and cytoplasmic localizations and have been implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and in the control of mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-3, expressed in brain and testis only, is also known as bruno-like protein 1 (BRUNOL-1), or CAG repeat protein 4, or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 3, or embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV)-type RNA-binding protein 1 (ETR-1), or expanded repeat domain protein CAG/CTG 4, or trinucleotide repeat-containing gene 4 protein (TNRC4). It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of tauopathies. CELF-3 contains three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein.The effect of CELF-3 on tau splicing is mediated mainly by the RNA-binding activity of RRM2. The divergent linker region might mediate the interaction of CELF-3 with other proteins regulating its activity or involved in target recognition. CELF-4, highly expressed throughout the brain and in glandular tissues, moderately expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, and liver, is also known as bruno-like protein 4 (BRUNOL-4), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 4. Like CELF-3, CELF-4 also contain three highly conserved RRMs. The splicing activation or repression activity of CELF-4 on some specific substrates is mediated by its RRM1/RRM2. On the other hand, both RRM1 and RRM2 of CELF-4 can activate cardiac troponin T (cTNT) exon 5 inclusion. CELF-5, expressed in brain, is also known as bruno-like protein 5 (BRUNOL-5), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 5. Although its biological role remains unclear, CELF-5 shares same domain architecture with CELF-3. CELF-6, strongly expressed in kidney, brain, and testis, is also known as bruno-like protein 6 (BRUNOL-6), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 6. It activates exon inclusion of a cardiac troponin T minigene in transient transfection assays in an muscle-specific splicing enhancer (MSE)-dependent manner and can activate inclusion via multiple copies of a single element, MSE2. CELF-6 also promotes skipping of exon 11 of insulin receptor, a known target of CELF activity that is expressed in kidney. In additiona to three highly conserved RRMs, CELF-6 also possesses numerous potential phosphorylation sites, a potential nuclear localization signal (NLS) at the C terminus, and an alanine-rich region within the divergent linker region.

Pssm-ID: 410041 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 87 Bit Score: 43.94 E-value: 7.50e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 274 DPTNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQ 337
Cdd:cd12632   2 DHDAIKLFIGQIPRNLEEKDLRPLFEQFGKIYELTVlkdkytGMHKGCAFLTYCARESALKAQSALHEQK 71

ELAV/HuD family splicing factor; This model describes the ELAV/HuD subfamily of splicing factors found in metazoa. HuD stands for the human paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen D of which there are 4 variants in human. ELAV stnds for the Drosophila Embryonic lethal abnormal visual protein. ELAV-like splicing factors are also known in human as HuB (ELAV-like protein 2), HuC (ELAV-like protein 3, Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen) and HuR (ELAV-like protein 1). These genes are most closely related to the sex-lethal subfamily of splicing factors found in Dipteran insects (TIGR01659). These proteins contain 3 RNA-recognition motifs (rrm: pfam00076).

Pssm-ID: 273741 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 352 Bit Score: 47.63 E-value: 7.66e-06

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   170 GPEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGP 249
Cdd:TIGR01661 267 GAGYCIFVYNLSPDTDETVLWQLF-GPFGAVQNVKIIRDLTTNQCKGYGFVSMTNYDEAAMAILSLNGYTLGNRVLQVSF 345


                  ....
gi 18416906   250 AANK 253
Cdd:TIGR01661 346 KTNK 349

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen R (HuR); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of HuR, also termed ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAV-1), a ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response; it binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. Meanwhile, HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Like other Hu proteins, HuR contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410162 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 43.87 E-value: 7.70e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 187 HMLTETFKAVYSS---VKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12769  13 NMTQDELRSLFSSigeVESAKLIRDKVAGHSLGYGFVNYVTAKDAERAINTLNGLRLQSKTIKVSYA 79

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in ribonucleoprotein PTB-binding raver-1, raver-2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of raver-1 and raver-2. Raver-1 is a ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that serves as a co-repressor of the nucleoplasmic splicing repressor polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB)-directed splicing of select mRNAs. It shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and can accumulate in the perinucleolar compartment, a dynamic nuclear substructure that harbors PTB. Raver-1 also modulates focal adhesion assembly by binding to the cytoskeletal proteins, including alpha-actinin, vinculin, and metavinculin (an alternatively spliced isoform of vinculin) at adhesion complexes, particularly in differentiated muscle tissue. Raver-2 is a novel member of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) family. It shows high sequence homology to raver-1. Raver-2 exerts a spatio-temporal expression pattern during embryogenesis and is mainly limited to differentiated neurons and glia cells. Although it displays nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling in heterokaryons, raver2 localizes to the nucleus in glia cells and neurons. Raver-2 can interact with PTB and may participate in PTB-mediated RNA-processing. However, there is no evidence indicating that raver-2 can bind to cytoplasmic proteins. Both, raver-1 and raver-2, contain three N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), two putative nuclear localization signals (NLS) at the N- and C-termini, a central leucine-rich region, and a C-terminal region harboring two [SG][IL]LGxxP motifs. They binds to RNA through the RRMs. In addition, the two [SG][IL]LGxxP motifs serve as the PTB-binding motifs in raver1. However, raver-2 interacts with PTB through the SLLGEPP motif only.

Pssm-ID: 409823 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 43.46 E-value: 7.76e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDdlksvfgQFGELVHvkiPAG--KRC--------------GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12389   2 LCVTNLPLSFTEE-------QFEELVR---PYGnvERCflvysevtgeskgyGFVEYTSKESAIRAKNQLHGRQIGGRAL 71


                ....
gi 18416906 344 RLSW 347
Cdd:cd12389  72 QVDW 75

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T-cells 3 (SART3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of SART3, also termed Tat-interacting protein of 110 kDa (Tip110), is an RNA-binding protein expressed in the nucleus of the majority of proliferating cells, including normal cells and malignant cells, but not in normal tissues except for the testes and fetal liver. It is involved in the regulation of mRNA splicing probably via its complex formation with RNA-binding protein with a serine-rich domain (RNPS1), a pre-mRNA-splicing factor. SART3 has also been identified as a nuclear Tat-interacting protein that regulates Tat transactivation activity through direct interaction and functions as an important cellular factor for HIV-1 gene expression and viral replication. In addition, SART3 is required for U6 snRNP targeting to Cajal bodies. It binds specifically and directly to the U6 snRNA, interacts transiently with the U6 and U4/U6 snRNPs, and promotes the reassembly of U4/U6 snRNPs after splicing in vitro. SART3 contains an N-terminal half-a-tetratricopeptide repeat (HAT)-rich domain, a nuclearlocalization signal (NLS) domain, and two C-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409826 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 43.86 E-value: 8.06e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 173 HTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12392   3 NKLFVKGLPFSCTKEELEELFKQ-HGTVKDVRLVTYRN-GKPKGLAYVEYENEADASQAVLKTDG 65

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R (hnRNP R); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of hnRNP R. a ubiquitously expressed nuclear RNA-binding protein that specifically bind mRNAs with a preference for poly(U) stretches. Upon binding of RNA, hnRNP R forms oligomers, most probably dimers. hnRNP R has been implicated in mRNA processing and mRNA transport, and also acts as a regulator to modify binding to ribosomes and RNA translation. hnRNP R is predominantly located in axons of motor neurons and to a much lower degree in sensory axons. In axons of motor neurons, it also functions as a cytosolic protein and interacts with wild type of survival motor neuron (SMN) proteins directly, further providing a molecular link between SMN and the spliceosome. Moreover, hnRNP R plays an important role in neural differentiation and development, as well as in retinal development and light-elicited cellular activities. hnRNP R contains an acidic auxiliary N-terminal region, followed by two well-defined and one degenerated RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal RGG motif; hnRNP R binds RNA through its RRM domains.

Pssm-ID: 409917 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 43.48 E-value: 8.47e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDrttgrskgYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQ 238
Cdd:cd12494   4 LFVRNLATTVTEEILEKTF-SQFGKLERVKKLKD--------YAFVHFEDRDAAVKAMDEMNGK 58

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C1/C2 (hnRNP C1/C2); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (hnRNP) proteins C1 and C2, produced by a single coding sequence. They are the major constituents of the heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complex in vertebrates. They bind hnRNA tightly, suggesting a central role in the formation of the ubiquitous hnRNP complex. They are involved in the packaging of hnRNA in the nucleus and in processing of pre-mRNA such as splicing and 3'-end formation. hnRNP C proteins contain two distinct domains, an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal auxiliary domain that includes the variable region, the basic region and the KSG box rich in repeated Lys-Ser-Gly sequences, the leucine zipper, and the acidic region. The RRM is capable of binding poly(U). The KSG box may bind to RNA. The leucine zipper may be involved in dimer formation. The acidic and hydrophilic C-teminus harbors a putative nucleoside triphosphate (NTP)-binding fold and a protein kinase phosphorylation site.

Pssm-ID: 410015 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 43.86 E-value: 8.53e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 274 DP--TNTTIFVGAVDQ-SVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGkrCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRS 350
Cdd:cd12603   1 DPrsMNSRVFIGNLNTlVVKKSDVEAIFSKYGKIVGCSVHKG--FAFVQYVNERNARAAVAGEDGRMIAGQVLDINLAAE 78


                ....*.
gi 18416906 351 PSNKQT 356
Cdd:cd12603  79 PKVNRS 84

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in THO complex subunit 4 (THOC4) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of THOC4, also termed transcriptional coactivator Aly/REF, or ally of AML-1 and LEF-1, or bZIP-enhancing factor BEF, an mRNA transporter protein with a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). It is involved in RNA transportation from the nucleus. THOC4 was initially identified as a transcription coactivator of LEF-1 and AML-1 for the TCRalpha enhancer function. In addition, THOC4 specifically binds to rhesus (RH) promoter in erythroid. It might be a novel transcription cofactor for erythroid-specific genes.

Pssm-ID: 410081 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 43.37 E-value: 8.58e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRCGF--VQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12680   1 TKLLVSNLDFGVSDADIKELFAEFGTLKKAAVhydRSGRSLGTaeVVFERRADALKAMKQYNGVPLDGRPMKIQ 74

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in the Hu proteins family, Drosophila sex-lethal (SXL), and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Hu proteins and SXL. The Hu proteins family represents a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions. Also included in this subfamily is the sex-lethal protein (SXL) from Drosophila melanogaster. SXL governs sexual differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in flies. It induces female-specific alternative splicing of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the sex-determination process. SXL binds also to its own pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative splicing. SXL contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein interaction, and tandem RRMs that show high preference to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA transcripts.

Pssm-ID: 240822 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 43.77 E-value: 8.64e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYcssrpmrtgPAANKK 254
Cdd:cd12376   3 LYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQ-YGRIITSRILRDQLTGVSRGVGFIRFDKRIEAEEAIKGLNGQK---------PEGASE 72


                ....*..
gi 18416906 255 PLTMQPA 261
Cdd:cd12376  73 PITVKFA 79

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA-binding protein PUB1 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of yeast protein PUB1, also termed ARS consensus-binding protein ACBP-60, or poly uridylate-binding protein, or poly(U)-binding protein. PUB1 has been identified as both, a heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) and a cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein (mRNP), which may be stably bound to a translationally inactive subpopulation of mRNAs within the cytoplasm. PUB1 is distributed in both, the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and binds to poly(A)+ RNA (mRNA or pre-mRNA). Although it is one of the major cellular proteins cross-linked by UV light to polyadenylated RNAs in vivo, PUB1 is nonessential for cell growth in yeast. PUB1 also binds to T-rich single stranded DNA (ssDNA); however, there is no strong evidence implicating PUB1 in the mechanism of DNA replication. PUB1 contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a GAR motif (glycine and arginine rich stretch) that is located between RRM2 and RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 410033 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 43.21 E-value: 9.08e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvyssvkgAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTG 248
Cdd:cd12622   2 TVYVGNLPPEVTQADLIPLFQN-------FGVIEEVRVQRDKGFGFVKYDTHEEAALAIQQLNGQPFLGRPIKCS 69

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in RNA-binding protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of RBM28 and Nop4p. RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), possibly coordinating their transition through the nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a role in the maturation of both small nuclear and ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409849 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 43.36 E-value: 9.72e-06

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKR---CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGG 340
Cdd:cd12415   2 TVFIRNLSFDTTEEDLKEFFSKFGEVKYARIvldKDTGHskgTAFVQFKTKESADKCIEAANDESEDG 69

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in SMART/HDAC1-associated repressor protein (SHARP) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of SHARP, also termed Msx2-interacting protein (MINT), or SPEN homolog, is an estrogen-inducible transcriptional repressor that interacts directly with the nuclear receptor corepressor SMRT, histone deacetylases (HDACs) and components of the NuRD complex. SHARP recruits HDAC activity and binds to the steroid receptor RNA coactivator SRA through four conserved N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), further suppressing SRA-potentiated steroid receptor transcription activity. Thus, SHARP has the capacity to modulate both liganded and nonliganded nuclear receptors. SHARP also has been identified as a component of transcriptional repression complexes in Notch/RBP-Jkappa signaling pathways. In addition to the N-terminal RRMs, SHARP possesses a C-terminal SPOC domain (Spen paralog and ortholog C-terminal domain), which is highly conserved among Spen proteins.

Pssm-ID: 409787 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 43.13 E-value: 1.08e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 271 GESDPTNTtIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12351   2 GKSMPTNC-VWLDGLSENVTEQYLTRHFCRYGPVVKVVIDRQKGMALVLYDEVECAQAAVKETKGRKIGGRKIQ 74

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast nuclear polyadenylated RNA-binding protein 4 (Hrp1p or Nab4p) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of Hrp1p and similar proteins. Hrp1p or Nab4p, also termed cleavage factor IB (CFIB), is a sequence-specific trans-acting factor that is essential for mRNA 3'-end formation in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It can be UV cross-linked to RNA and specifically recognizes the (UA)6 RNA element required for both, the cleavage and poly(A) addition, steps. Moreover, Hrp1p can shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and play an additional role in the export of mRNAs to the cytoplasm. Hrp1p also interacts with Rna15p and Rna14p, two components of CF1A. In addition, Hrp1p functions as a factor directly involved in modulating the activity of the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway. It binds specifically to a downstream sequence element (DSE)-containing RNA and interacts with Upf1p, a component of the surveillance complex, further triggering the NMD pathway. Hrp1p contains two central RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an arginine-glycine-rich region harboring repeats of the sequence RGGF/Y.

Pssm-ID: 409991 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 43.25 E-value: 1.19e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADES 226
Cdd:cd12577   1 MFIGGLNWDTTEEGLRDYFSQ-FGTVVDCTIMKDSATGRSRGFGFLTFEDPS 51

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in cyclophilin-33 (Cyp33) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of Cyp33, also termed peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase E (PPIase E), or cyclophilin E, or rotamase E. Cyp33 is a nuclear RNA-binding cyclophilin with an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal PPIase domain. Cyp33 possesses RNA-binding activity and preferentially binds to polyribonucleotide polyA and polyU, but hardly to polyG and polyC. It binds specifically to mRNA, which can stimulate its PPIase activity. Moreover, Cyp33 interacts with the third plant homeodomain (PHD3) zinc finger cassette of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) proto-oncoprotein and a poly-A RNA sequence through its RRM domain. It further mediates downregulation of the expression of MLL target genes HOXC8, HOXA9, CDKN1B, and C-MYC, in a proline isomerase-dependent manner. Cyp33 also possesses a PPIase activity that catalyzes cis-trans isomerization of the peptide bond preceding a proline, which has been implicated in the stimulation of folding and conformational changes in folded and unfolded proteins. The PPIase activity can be inhibited by the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A.

Pssm-ID: 409783 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 42.98 E-value: 1.20e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12347   1 LYVGGLAEEVDEKVLHAAF-IPFGDIVDIQIPLDYETEKHRGFAFVEFEEAEDAAAAIDNMNESELFGRTIRVNLA 75

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A0 (hnRNP A0) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A0, a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. It has been identified as the substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may be involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced post-transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A0 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409993 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 43.28 E-value: 1.24e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFAD 224
Cdd:cd12579   2 LFVGGLKGDVGEGDLVEHFSQ-FGTVEKVEVIADKDTGKKRGFGFVYFED 50

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) and 2 (RRM2) found in CELF/Bruno-like family of RNA binding proteins and plant flowering time control protein FCA; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 and RRM2 domains of the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) as well as plant flowering time control protein FCA. CELF, also termed BRUNOL (Bruno-like) proteins, is a family of structurally related RNA-binding proteins involved in regulation of pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus, and control of mRNA translation and deadenylation in the cytoplasm. The family contains six members: CELF-1 (also known as BRUNOL-2, CUG-BP1, NAPOR, EDEN-BP), CELF-2 (also known as BRUNOL-3, ETR-3, CUG-BP2, NAPOR-2), CELF-3 (also known as BRUNOL-1, TNRC4, ETR-1, CAGH4, ER DA4), CELF-4 (BRUNOL-4), CELF-5 (BRUNOL-5) and CELF-6 (BRUNOL-6). They all contain three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The low sequence conservation of the linker region is highly suggestive of a large variety in the co-factors that associate with the various CELF family members. Based on both, sequence similarity and function, the CELF family can be divided into two subfamilies, the first containing CELFs 1 and 2, and the second containing CELFs 3, 4, 5, and 6. The different CELF proteins may act through different sites on at least some substrates. Furthermore, CELF proteins may interact with each other in varying combinations to influence alternative splicing in different contexts. This subfamily also includes plant flowering time control protein FCA that functions in the posttranscriptional regulation of transcripts involved in the flowering process. FCA contains two RRMs, and a WW protein interaction domain.

Pssm-ID: 409796 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 42.99 E-value: 1.26e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQY 239
Cdd:cd12361   3 FVGMIPKTASEEDVRPLF-EQFGNIEEVQILRDKQTGQSKGCAFVTFSTREEALRAIEALHNKK 65

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in the scaffold attachment factor (SAFB) family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of the SAFB family, including scaffold attachment factor B1 (SAFB1), scaffold attachment factor B2 (SAFB2), SAFB-like transcriptional modulator (SLTM), and similar proteins, which are ubiquitously expressed. SAFB1, SAFB2 and SLTM have been implicated in many diverse cellular processes including cell growth and transformation, stress response, and apoptosis. They share high sequence similarities and all contain a scaffold attachment factor-box (SAF-box, also known as SAP domain) DNA-binding motif, an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a region rich in glutamine and arginine residues. SAFB1 is a nuclear protein with a distribution similar to that of SLTM, but unlike that of SAFB2, which is also found in the cytoplasm. To a large extent, SAFB1 and SLTM might share similar functions, such as the inhibition of an oestrogen reporter gene. The additional cytoplasmic localization of SAFB2 implies that it could play additional roles in the cytoplasmic compartment which are distinct from the nuclear functions shared with SAFB1 and SLTM.

Pssm-ID: 409851 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 43.01 E-value: 1.27e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGA 144
Cdd:cd12417   1 NLWISGLSDTTKAADLKKIFSKYGKVVSAKVVTSARTPGSRCYGYVTMASVEEADLCIKSLNKT 64

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in Drosophila melanogaster Bruno protein and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of Bruno protein, a Drosophila RNA recognition motif (RRM)-containing protein that plays a central role in regulation of Oskar (Osk) expression. It mediates repression by binding to regulatory Bruno response elements (BREs) in the Osk mRNA 3' UTR. The full-length Bruno protein contains three RRMs, two located in the N-terminal half of the protein and the third near the C-terminus, separated by a linker region.

Pssm-ID: 241084 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 43.06 E-value: 1.31e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 275 PTNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGK-----RC-GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12640   2 PEGCNLFIYHLPQEFTDTDLAQTFLPFGNVISAKVFIDKqtnlsKCfGFVSYDNPDSAQAAIQAMNGFQIGTKRLKV 78

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in splicing factor 3B subunit 4 (SF3B4) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of SF3B4, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SF3b 49 kDa (SF3b50), or spliceosome-associated protein 49 (SAP 49). SF3B4 is a component of the multiprotein complex splicing factor 3b (SF3B), an integral part of the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) and the U11/U12 di-snRNP. SF3B is essential for the accurate excision of introns from pre-messenger RNA, and is involved in the recognition of the pre-mRNA's branch site within the major and minor spliceosomes. SF3B4 functions to tether U2 snRNP with pre-mRNA at the branch site during spliceosome assembly. It is an evolutionarily highly conserved protein with orthologs across diverse species. SF3B4 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). It binds directly to pre-mRNA and also interacts directly and highly specifically with another SF3B subunit called SAP 145.

Pssm-ID: 409772 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 43.11 E-value: 1.32e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGE-ATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12335   4 LFIGNLDPEVDEKLLYDTFSAFGViLQTPKIMRDPDTGNSKGFGFVSFDSFEASDAAIEAMNG 66

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in plant polypyrimidine tract-binding protein homolog 3 (PTBPH3); This subfamily corresponds to the RRM4 of PTBPH3. Although its biological roles remain unclear, PTBPH3 shows significant sequence similarity to polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) that is an important negative regulator of alternative splicing in mammalian cells and also functions at several other aspects of mRNA metabolism, including mRNA localization, stabilization, polyadenylation, and translation. Like PTB, PTBPH3 contains four RNA recognition motifs (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409860 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 42.96 E-value: 1.33e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 275 PTNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI--PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12426   5 SPTKMIHVSSLPQDVTEEDVLNHLQEHGAIVNTKVfeSNGKKQALVLFENEEQATEALVCKHASSLGGSTIRISF 79

RNA recognition motif 5 (RRM5) found in RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19 or RBD-1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM5 of RBM19 and RRM4 of MRD1. RBM19, also termed RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), is a nucleolar protein conserved in eukaryotes involved in ribosome biogenesis by processing rRNA and is essential for preimplantation development. It has a unique domain organization containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409757 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 42.98 E-value: 1.39e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 173 HTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYS--SVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12318   1 TTLFVKNLNFKTTEEALKKHFEKCGPirSVTIAKKKDPKGPLLSMGYGFVEFKSPEAAQKALKQLQG 67

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of MRD1 which is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). It is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

Pssm-ID: 409982 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 42.79 E-value: 1.52e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12566   5 LFLRNLPYSTKEDDLQKLFSKFGEVSEVHVPIDKKTKkskgfaYVLFLDPEDAVQAYNELDGKVFQGRLI 74

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) and 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein 5 (RBM5) and similar proteins; This subfamily includes the RRM1 and RRM2 of RNA-binding protein 5 (RBM5 or LUCA15 or H37) and RNA-binding protein 10 (RBM10 or S1-1), and the RRM2 of RNA-binding protein 6 (RBM6 or NY-LU-12 or g16 or DEF-3). These RBMs share high sequence homology and may play an important role in regulating apoptosis. RBM5 is a known modulator of apoptosis. It may also act as a tumor suppressor or an RNA splicing factor. RBM6 has been predicted to be a nuclear factor based on its nuclear localization signal. Both, RBM6 and RBM5, specifically bind poly(G) RNA. RBM10 is a paralog of RBM5. It may play an important role in mRNA generation, processing and degradation in several cell types. The rat homolog of human RBM10 is protein S1-1, a hypothetical RNA binding protein with poly(G) and poly(U) binding capabilities. All family members contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), two C2H2-type zinc fingers, and a G-patch/D111 domain.

Pssm-ID: 409752 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 43.02 E-value: 1.65e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906  87 LQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKV--IRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMP 147
Cdd:cd12313  10 LDVLTTEEDILSALQAHADLPIKDVrlIRDKLTGTSRGFAFVEFSSLEDATQVMDALQNLLPP 72

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen B (HuB); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of HuB, also termed ELAV-like protein 2 (ELAV-2), or ELAV-like neuronal protein 1, or nervous system-specific RNA-binding protein Hel-N1 (Hel-N1), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads and is up-regulated during neuronal differentiation of embryonic carcinoma P19 cells. Like other Hu proteins, HuB contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410164 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 42.79 E-value: 1.67e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 187 HMLTETFKAVYSSV---KGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12771  15 NMTQEELKSLFGSIgeiESCKLVRDKITGQSLGYGFVNYIEPKDAEKAINTLNGLRLQTKTIKVSYA 81

hnRNP-L/PTB/hephaestus splicing factor family; Included in this family of heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins are PTB (polypyrimidine tract binding protein) and hnRNP-L. These proteins contain four RNA recognition motifs (rrm: pfam00067).

Pssm-ID: 273733 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 481 Bit Score: 46.73 E-value: 1.74e-05

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   244 PMRTGPAANKKPLTMQPASYQNTQGNSGesdptnTTIFVGAVDQS-VTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKR-CGFVQYA 321
Cdd:TIGR01649 248 PSRYRPAYEAAPLAPAISSYGPAGGGPG------SVLMVSGLHQEkVNCDRLFNLFCVYGNVERVKFMKNKKeTALIEMA 321

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906   322 NRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSPS---NKQTQPDQ 360
Cdd:TIGR01649 322 DPYQAQLALTHLNGVKLFGKPLRVCPSKQQNvqpPREGQLDD 363

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate 54 kDa nuclear RNA- and DNA-binding protein (p54nrb); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of p54nrb, also termed non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding protein (NonO), or 55 kDa nuclear protein (NMT55), or DNA-binding p52/p100 complex 52 kDa subunit. p54nrb is a multifunctional protein involved in numerous nuclear processes including transcriptional regulation, splicing, DNA unwinding, nuclear retention of hyperedited double-stranded RNA, viral RNA processing, control of cell proliferation, and circadian rhythm maintenance. It is ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved in vertebrates. p54nrb binds both, single- and double-stranded RNA and DNA, and also possesses inherent carbonic anhydrase activity. It forms a heterodimer with paraspeckle component 1 (PSPC1 or PSP1), localizing to paraspeckles in an RNA-dependent manneras well as with polypyrimidine tract-binding protein-associated-splicing factor (PSF). p54nrb contains two conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), at the N-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 410001 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 42.63 E-value: 1.76e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12588   4 LFVGNLPPDITEEEMRKLFEKYGKAGEVFIHKDKGFGFIRLETRTLAEIAKVELDNMPLRGKQLRV 69

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in yeast pre-mRNA-splicing factor Cwc2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of yeast protein Cwc2, also termed Complexed with CEF1 protein 2, or PRP19-associated complex protein 40 (Ntc40), or synthetic lethal with CLF1 protein 3, one of the components of the Prp19-associated complex [nineteen complex (NTC)] that can bind to RNA. NTC is composed of the scaffold protein Prp19 and a number of associated splicing factors, and plays a crucial role in intron removal during premature mRNA splicing in eukaryotes. Cwc2 functions as an RNA-binding protein that can bind both small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and pre-mRNA in vitro. It interacts directly with the U6 snRNA to link the NTC to the spliceosome during pre-mRNA splicing. In the N-terminal half, Cwc2 contains a CCCH-type zinc finger (ZnF domain), a RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and an intervening loop, also termed RNA-binding loop or RB loop, between ZnF and RRM, all of which are necessary and sufficient for RNA binding. The ZnF is also responsible for mediating protein-protein interaction. The C-terminal flexible region of Cwc2 interacts with the WD40 domain of Prp19.

Pssm-ID: 409795 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 42.64 E-value: 1.78e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQS-----VTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQA 329
Cdd:cd12360   1 NRTLYVGGIKAAsnklaQIEEILRRHFGEWGEIERIRVLPSKGIAFVRYKNRANAEFA 58

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein PES4, protein MIP6 and similar proteins; The family includes PES4 (also called DNA polymerase epsilon suppressor 4) and MIP6 (also called MEX67-interacting protein 6), both of which are predicted RNA binding proteins that may act as regulators of late translation, protection, and mRNA localization. MIP6 acts as a novel factor for nuclear mRNA export, binds to both poly(A)+ RNA and nuclear pores. It interacts with MEX67. Members in this family contain four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410180 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 42.72 E-value: 1.86e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIpagkrC-----------GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd21601   1 TALFIGDLDKDVTEEMLRDIFSKYKSLVSVKI-----CldsetkkslgyGYLNFSDKEDAEKAIEEFNYTPIFGKEVRI 74

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 6 (SRSF6); This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of SRSF6, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SRp55, which is an essential splicing regulatory serine/arginine (SR) protein that preferentially interacts with a number of purine-rich splicing enhancers (ESEs) to activate splicing of the ESE-containing exon. It is the only protein from HeLa nuclear extract or purified SR proteins that specifically binds B element RNA after UV irradiation. SRSF6 may also recognize different types of RNA sites. For instance, it does not bind to the purine-rich sequence in the calcitonin-specific ESE, but binds to a region adjacent to the purine tract. Moreover, cellular levels of SRSF6 may control tissue-specific alternative splicing of the calcitonin/ calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pre-mRNA. SRSF6 contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a C-terminal SR domains rich in serine-arginine dipeptides.

Pssm-ID: 410009 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 42.25 E-value: 2.15e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKrcGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12596   4 VYIGRLSYHVREKDIQRFFSGYGKLLEVDLKNGY--GFVEFEDSRDADDAVYELNGKELCGERVIVEHAR 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in the Hu proteins family, Drosophila sex-lethal (SXL), and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Hu proteins and SXL. The Hu proteins family represents a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions. Also included in this subfamily is the sex-lethal protein (SXL) from Drosophila melanogaster. SXL governs sexual differentiation and X chromosome dosage compensation in flies. It induces female-specific alternative splicing of the transformer (tra) pre-mRNA by binding to the tra uridine-rich polypyrimidine tract at the non-sex-specific 3' splice site during the sex-determination process. SXL binds also to its own pre-mRNA and promotes female-specific alternative splicing. SXL contains an N-terminal Gly/Asn-rich domain that may be responsible for the protein-protein interaction, and tandem RRMs that show high preference to bind single-stranded, uridine-rich target RNA transcripts.

Pssm-ID: 240822 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 42.23 E-value: 2.28e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12376   1 ANLYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQYGRIITSRILRDQLTGvsrgvgFIRFDKRIEAEEAIKGLNGQKPEGASEPIT 75

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found found in type I polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of type I poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar proteins. PABP-1 is an ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in mammalian and may play an important role in the testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3 shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1. However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than PABP-1. PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammalian, such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs, PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The family also includes the yeast PABP, a conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409814 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 42.16 E-value: 2.31e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906  91 MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNkQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12380  13 VDDDELKELFEKYGKITSAKVMKD-DSGKSKGFGFVNFENHEAAQKAVEELNG 64

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic RNA-binding protein 25 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM25, also termed Arg/Glu/Asp-rich protein of 120 kDa (RED120), or protein S164, or RNA-binding region-containing protein 7, an evolutionary-conserved splicing coactivator SRm160 (SR-related nuclear matrix protein of 160 kDa, )-interacting protein. RBM25 belongs to a family of RNA-binding proteins containing a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), at the N-terminus, a RE/RD-rich (ER) central region, and a C-terminal proline-tryptophan-isoleucine (PWI) motif. It localizes to the nuclear speckles and associates with multiple splicing components, including splicing cofactors SRm160/300, U snRNAs, assembled splicing complexes, and spliced mRNAs. It may play an important role in pre-mRNA processing by coupling splicing with mRNA 3'-end formation. Additional research indicates that RBM25 is one of the RNA-binding regulators that direct the alternative splicing of apoptotic factors. It can activate proapoptotic Bcl-xS 5'ss by binding to the exonic splicing enhancer, CGGGCA, and stabilize the pre-mRNA-U1 snRNP through interaction with hLuc7A, a U1 snRNP-associated factor.

Pssm-ID: 409880 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 42.51 E-value: 2.37e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 173 HTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDrTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12446   1 TTVFVGNIPDDVSDDFIRQLLEKC-GKVLSWKRVQD-PSGKLKAFGFCEFEDPEGALRALRLLNG 63

RNA recognition motif. (a.k.a. RRM, RBD, or RNP domain); The RRM motif is probably diagnostic of an RNA binding protein. RRMs are found in a variety of RNA binding proteins, including various hnRNP proteins, proteins implicated in regulation of alternative splicing, and protein components of snRNPs. The motif also appears in a few single stranded DNA binding proteins. The RRM structure consists of four strands and two helices arranged in an alpha/beta sandwich, with a third helix present during RNA binding in some cases The C-terminal beta strand (4th strand) and final helix are hard to align and have been omitted in the SEED alignment The LA proteins have an N terminal rrm which is included in the seed. There is a second region towards the C terminus that has some features characteriztic of a rrm but does not appear to have the important structural core of a rrm. The LA proteins are one of the main autoantigens in Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease.

Pssm-ID: 425453 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 70 Bit Score: 41.83 E-value: 2.50e-05

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906    82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRnKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:pfam00076   1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLKDLFSKFGPIKSIRLVR-DETGRSKGFAFVEFEDEEDAEKAIEALNG 61

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in pre-mRNA-splicing factor SLT11 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of SLT11, also known as extracellular mutant protein 2, or synthetic lethality with U2 protein 11, and is a splicing factor required for spliceosome assembly in yeast. It contains a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). SLT11 can facilitate the cooperative formation of U2/U6 helix II in association with stem II in the yeast spliceosome by utilizing its RNA-annealing and -binding activities.

Pssm-ID: 409709 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 86 Bit Score: 42.39 E-value: 2.54e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLG------------GQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12265   3 KSFFLFGIDDDLPEWKISDYFEQFGKLKSLVVSHRAKCGFVRFETRELAEAFAAAISENGLNaglsrggllvieGRPLRV 82


                ....
gi 18416906 346 SWGR 349
Cdd:cd12265  83 AWGK 86

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNP D0, hnRNP A/B, hnRNP DL and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP D0, hnRNP A/B, hnRNP DL and similar proteins. hnRNP D0, a UUAG-specific nuclear RNA binding protein that may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing and telomere elongation. hnRNP A/B is an RNA unwinding protein with a high affinity for G- followed by U-rich regions. It has also been identified as an APOBEC1-binding protein that interacts with apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA transcripts around the editing site and thus plays an important role in apoB mRNA editing. hnRNP DL (or hnRNP D-like) is a dual functional protein that possesses DNA- and RNA-binding properties. It has been implicated in mRNA biogenesis at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. All memembers in this family contain two putative RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glycine- and tyrosine-rich C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 240775 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 41.97 E-value: 2.60e-05

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP----AGKRCGFV 318
Cdd:cd12329   2 IFVGGLSPETTEEKIREYFGKFGNIVEIELPmdkkTNKRRGFC 44

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in RNA-binding protein RBM8A, RBM8B nd similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM8, also termed binder of OVCA1-1 (BOV-1), or RNA-binding protein Y14, which is one of the components of the exon-exon junction complex (EJC). It has two isoforms, RBM8A and RBM8B, both of which are identical except that RBM8B is 16 amino acids shorter at its N-terminus. RBM8, together with other EJC components (such as Magoh, Aly/REF, RNPS1, Srm160, and Upf3), plays critical roles in postsplicing processing, including nuclear export and cytoplasmic localization of the mRNA, and the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) surveillance process. RBM8 binds to mRNA 20-24 nucleotides upstream of a spliced exon-exon junction. It is also involved in spliced mRNA nuclear export, and the process of nonsense-mediated decay of mRNAs with premature stop codons. RBM8 forms a specific heterodimer complex with the EJC protein Magoh which then associates with Aly/REF, RNPS1, DEK, and SRm160 on the spliced mRNA, and inhibits ATP turnover by eIF4AIII, thereby trapping the EJC core onto RNA. RBM8 contains an N-terminal putative bipartite nuclear localization signal, one RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), in the central region, and a C-terminal serine-arginine rich region (SR domain) and glycine-arginine rich region (RG domain).

Pssm-ID: 409762 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 88 Bit Score: 42.60 E-value: 2.62e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQ 238
Cdd:cd12324   9 IFVTGVHEEAQEEDIHDKF-AEFGEIKNLHLNLDRRTGFVKGYALVEYETKKEAQAAIEGLNGK 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in the Hu proteins family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Hu proteins family which represents a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. Moreover, HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410055 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 42.31 E-value: 2.65e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQ 238
Cdd:cd12652   4 YVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQ-FGRIITSRILCDNVTGLSRGVGFIRFDKRVEAERAIKALNGT 65

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein 45 (RBM45) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM45, also termed developmentally-regulated RNA-binding protein 1 (DRB1), a new member of RNA recognition motif (RRM)-type neural RNA-binding proteins, which expresses under spatiotemporal control. It is encoded by gene drb1 that is expressed in neurons, not in glial cells. RBM45 predominantly localizes in cytoplasm of cultured cells and specifically binds to poly(C) RNA. It could play an important role during neurogenesis. RBM45 carries four RRMs, also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409802 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 41.98 E-value: 2.65e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 183 DVTDHMLTETFKaVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAM 232
Cdd:cd12367  11 SYTEEDLREKFK-EFGDIEYCSIVKDKNTGESKGFGYVKFLKPSQAALAI 59

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in chloroplastic plastid-specific 30S ribosomal protein 2 (PSRP-2) and similar proteins; PSRP-2, also called chloroplastic 30S ribosomal protein 2, or chloroplastic small ribosomal subunit protein cS22, is a component of the chloroplast ribosome (chloro-ribosome), a dedicated translation machinery responsible for the synthesis of chloroplast genome-encoded proteins, including proteins of the transcription and translation machinery and components of the photosynthetic apparatus. It binds single strand DNA (ssDNA) and RNA in vitro. It exhibits RNA chaperone activity and regulates negatively resistance responses to abiotic stresses during seed germination (e.g. salt, dehydration, and low temperature) and seedling growth (e.g. salt). The family also includes Nicotiana sylvestris chloroplastic 33 kDa ribonucleoprotein (NsCP33) and Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic 31 kDa ribonucleoprotein (AtCP31A). NsCP33 may be involved in splicing and/or processing of chloroplast RNA's. AtCP31A, also called RNA-binding protein 1/2/3 (AtRBP33), or RNA-binding protein CP31A, or RNA-binding protein RNP-T, or RNA-binding protein cp31, is required for specific RNA editing events in chloroplasts and stabilizes specific chloroplast mRNAs, as well as for normal chloroplast development under cold stress conditions by stabilizing transcripts of numerous mRNAs under these conditions. CP31A may modulate telomere replication through RNA binding domains. Members in this family contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410188 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 42.02 E-value: 2.67e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd21609   2 LYVGNIPRNVTSEELAKIFEE-AGTVEIAEVMYDRYTGRSRGFGFVTMGSVEDAKAAIEKLNGTEVGGREIK 72

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T-cells 3 (SART3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of SART3, also termed Tat-interacting protein of 110 kDa (Tip110), an RNA-binding protein expressed in the nucleus of the majority of proliferating cells, including normal cells and malignant cells, but not in normal tissues except for the testes and fetal liver. It is involved in the regulation of mRNA splicing probably via its complex formation with RNA-binding protein with a serine-rich domain (RNPS1), a pre-mRNA-splicing factor. SART3 has also been identified as a nuclear Tat-interacting protein that regulates Tat transactivation activity through direct interaction and functions as an important cellular factor for HIV-1 gene expression and viral replication. In addition, SART3 is required for U6 snRNP targeting to Cajal bodies. It binds specifically and directly to the U6 snRNA, interacts transiently with the U6 and U4/U6 snRNPs, and promotes the reassembly of U4/U6 snRNPs after splicing in vitro. SART3 contains an N-terminal half-a-tetratricopeptide repeat (HAT)-rich domain, a nuclearlocalization signal (NLS) domain, and two C-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409825 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 41.83 E-value: 2.69e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRCGF--VQYANRACAEQALS 331
Cdd:cd12391   1 TVFVSNLDYSVPEDKIREIFSGCGEITDVRLvknYKGKSKGYcyVEFKDEESAQKALK 58

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein 26 (RBM26) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM26, and the RRM of RBM27. RBM26, also known as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) tumor antigen se70-2, represents a cutaneous lymphoma (CL)-associated antigen. It contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The RRMs may play some functional roles in RNA-binding or protein-protein interactions. RBM27 contains only one RRM; its biological function remains unclear.

Pssm-ID: 409702 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 41.78 E-value: 2.90e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAV-DQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALS----VLN 334
Cdd:cd12257   1 KTTLEVRNIpPELNNITKLREHFSKFGTIVNIQVNYNPESALVQFSTSEEANKAYRspeaVFN 63

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in RNA-binding protein MRN1 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM4 of MRN1, also termed multicopy suppressor of RSC-NHP6 synthetic lethality protein 1, or post-transcriptional regulator of 69 kDa, which is a RNA-binding protein found in yeast. Although its specific biological role remains unclear, MRN1 might be involved in translational regulation. Members in this family contain four copies of conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409942 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 42.13 E-value: 3.14e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVD--QSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQlGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12522   6 VYIGNIDdvRVLTEERLRHDFSQYGEIEQVNFLREKNCAFVNFTNIANAIKAIDKIKSKP-YYKDLKINFGK 76

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in yeast negative growth regulatory protein NGR1 (RBP1), yeast protein NAM8 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of NGR1 and NAM8. NGR1, also termed RNA-binding protein RBP1, is a putative glucose-repressible protein that binds both RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in yeast. It may function in regulating cell growth in early log phase, possibly through its participation in RNA metabolism. NGR1 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a glutamine-rich stretch that may be involved in transcriptional activity. In addition, NGR1 has an asparagine-rich region near the carboxyl terminus which also harbors a methionine-rich region. The family also includes protein NAM8, which is a putative RNA-binding protein that acts as a suppressor of mitochondrial splicing deficiencies when overexpressed in yeast. It may be a non-essential component of the mitochondrial splicing machinery. Like NGR1, NAM8 contains two RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409782 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 41.92 E-value: 3.19e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKqngyseGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMpsSEQAFRLNW 157
Cdd:cd12346   3 TVFVGGLDPNVTEEDLRVLFGPFGEIVYVKIPPGK------GCGFVQFVNRASAEAAIQKLQGTPI--GGSRIRLSW 71

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen C (HuC); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuC, also termed ELAV-like protein 3 (ELAV-3), or paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen, or paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis antigen 21 (PLE21), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. Like other Hu proteins, HuC contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). The AU-rich element binding of HuC can be inhibited by flavonoids. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410057 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 41.97 E-value: 3.40e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAANKK 254
Cdd:cd12655   4 IFVYNLSPEADESVLWQLF-GPFGAVTNVKVIRDFTTNKCKGFGFVTMTNYDEAAMAIASLNGYRLGDRVLQVSFKTSKQ 82

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19) and RNA recognition motif 2 found in multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1); This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of RBM19 and RRM2 of MRD1. RBM19, also termed RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), is a nucleolar protein conserved in eukaryotes involved in ribosome biogenesis by processing rRNA and is essential for preimplantation development. It has a unique domain organization containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). MRD1 is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). It is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5 conserved RRMs, which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

Pssm-ID: 409755 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 41.56 E-value: 3.47e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC------GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGG 340
Cdd:cd12316   2 LFVRNLPFTATEDELRELFEAFGKISEVHIPLDKQTkrskgfAFVLFVIPEDAVKAYQELDGSIFQG 68

hnRNP-L/PTB/hephaestus splicing factor family; Included in this family of heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins are PTB (polypyrimidine tract binding protein) and hnRNP-L. These proteins contain four RNA recognition motifs (rrm: pfam00067).

Pssm-ID: 273733 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 481 Bit Score: 45.58 E-value: 3.92e-05

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   143 GAPMPSSEQAFRLNWAQLGAGERRQAEGPEHTVFVGDLAPD-VTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRttgrsKGYGFVR 221
Cdd:TIGR01649 246 GPPSRYRPAYEAAPLAPAISSYGPAGGGPGSVLMVSGLHQEkVNCDRLFNLF-CVYGNVERVKFMKNK-----KETALIE 319

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   222 FADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAanKKPLTMQPASYQNTQGNSGESD----------------------PTNTT 279
Cdd:TIGR01649 320 MADPYQAQLALTHLNGVKLFGKPLRVCPS--KQQNVQPPREGQLDDGLTSYKDysssrnhrfkkpgsanknniqpPSATL 397

                         170       180       190       200       210       220
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906   280 IFVGAvDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLG 339
Cdd:TIGR01649 398 HLSNI-PLSVSEEDLKELFAENGVHKVKKFkffpkdNERSKMGLLEWESVEDAVEALIALNHHQLN 462

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein HRB1, G-strand-binding protein 2 (GBP2) and similar proteins; The family includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein HRB1 (also called protein TOM34) and GBP2, both of which are SR-like mRNA-binding proteins which shuttle from the nucleus to the cytoplasm when bound to the mature mRNA molecules. They act as quality control factors for spliced mRNAs. GBP2, also called RAP1 localization factor 6, is a single-strand telomeric DNA-binding protein that binds single-stranded telomeric sequences of the type (TG[1-3])n in vitro. It also binds to RNA. GBP2 influences the localization of RAP1 in the nuclei and plays a role in modulating telomere length. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the third RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410186 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 41.54 E-value: 4.08e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRCG--FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd21607   2 NNTIYCSNLPLSTAESDLYDLFETIGKVNNAELkydETGDPTGsaVVEYENLDDADVCISKLNNYNYGGCDLKISYAK 79

RNA recognition motif 2 in fungal pre-messenger RNA splicing protein 24 (Prp24) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Prp24, also termed U4/U6 snRNA-associated-splicing factor PRP24 (U4/U6 snRNP), an RNA-binding protein with four well conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). It facilitates U6 RNA base-pairing with U4 RNA during spliceosome assembly. Prp24 specifically binds free U6 RNA primarily with RRMs 1 and 2 and facilitates pairing of U6 RNA bases with U4 RNA bases. Additionally, it may also be involved in dissociation of the U4/U6 complex during spliceosome activation.

Pssm-ID: 409738 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 41.59 E-value: 4.11e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP-----AGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12297   1 CTLWVTNFPPSYDERSIRDLFGDYGVILSVRLPslrynTSRRFCYIDFTSPESARAAVELLNGLLEEGYTL 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D-like (hnRNP DL) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP DL (or hnRNP D-like), also termed AU-rich element RNA-binding factor, or JKT41-binding protein (protein laAUF1 or JKTBP), is a dual functional protein that possesses DNA- and RNA-binding properties. It has been implicated in mRNA biogenesis at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. hnRNP DL binds single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in a non-sequencespecific manner, and interacts with poly(G) and poly(A) tenaciously. It contains two putative two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glycine- and tyrosine-rich C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409998 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 41.53 E-value: 4.29e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADEsEQIRAMTE 234
Cdd:cd12585   2 VFVGGLSPDTSEEQIKEYF-GAFGEIENIELPMDTKTNERRGFCFITYTDE-EPVQKLLE 59

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast nucleolar protein 13 (Nop13p) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Nop13p encoded by YNL175c from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It shares high sequence similarity with nucleolar protein 12 (Nop12p). Both Nop12p and Nop13p are not essential for growth. However, unlike Nop12p that is localized to the nucleolus, Nop13p localizes primarily to the nucleolus but is also present in the nucleoplasm to a lesser extent. Nop13p contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409831 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 41.66 E-value: 4.42e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12397   1 LFVGNLSFETTEEDLRKHFAPA-GKIRKVRMATFEDSGKCKGFAFVDFKEIESATNAVKGPINHSLNGRDLR 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in CUGBP Elav-like family member CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, CELF-6 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, and CELF-6, all of which belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding proteins that display dual nuclear and cytoplasmic localizations and have been implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and in the control of mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-3, expressed in brain and testis only, is also known as bruno-like protein 1 (BRUNOL-1), or CAG repeat protein 4, or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 3, or embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV)-type RNA-binding protein 1 (ETR-1), or expanded repeat domain protein CAG/CTG 4, or trinucleotide repeat-containing gene 4 protein (TNRC4). It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of tauopathies. CELF-3 contains three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein.The effect of CELF-3 on tau splicing is mediated mainly by the RNA-binding activity of RRM2. The divergent linker region might mediate the interaction of CELF-3 with other proteins regulating its activity or involved in target recognition. CELF-4, highly expressed throughout the brain and in glandular tissues, moderately expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, and liver, is also known as bruno-like protein 4 (BRUNOL-4), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 4. Like CELF-3, CELF-4 also contains three highly conserved RRMs. The splicing activation or repression activity of CELF-4 on some specific substrates is mediated by its RRM1/RRM2. Both, RRM1 and RRM2 of CELF-4, can activate cardiac troponin T (cTNT) exon 5 inclusion. CELF-5, expressed in brain, is also known as bruno-like protein 5 (BRUNOL-5), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 5. Although its biological role remains unclear, CELF-5 shares same domain architecture with CELF-3. CELF-6, strongly expressed in kidney, brain, and testis, is also known as bruno-like protein 6 (BRUNOL-6), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 6. It activates exon inclusion of a cardiac troponin T minigene in transient transfection assays in an muscle-specific splicing enhancer (MSE)-dependent manner and can activate inclusion via multiple copies of a single element, MSE2. CELF-6 also promotes skipping of exon 11 of insulin receptor, a known target of CELF activity that is expressed in kidney. In addition to three highly conserved RRMs, CELF-6 also possesses numerous potential phosphorylation sites, a potential nuclear localization signal (NLS) at the C terminus, and an alanine-rich region within the divergent linker region.

Pssm-ID: 241083 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 41.38 E-value: 4.87e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 170 GPEH-TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12639   1 GPEGcNLFIYHLPQEFGDAELMQMF-LPFGNVISAKVFVDRATNQSKCFGFVSFDNPASAQAAIQAMNG 68

splicing factor, CC1-like family; This model represents a subfamily of RNA splicing factors including the Pad-1 protein (N. crassa), CAPER (M. musculus) and CC1.3 (H.sapiens). These proteins are characterized by an N-terminal arginine-rich, low complexity domain followed by three (or in the case of 4 H. sapiens paralogs, two) RNA recognition domains (rrm: pfam00706). These splicing factors are closely related to the U2AF splicing factor family (TIGR01642). A homologous gene from Plasmodium falciparum was identified in the course of the analysis of that genome at TIGR and was included in the seed.

Pssm-ID: 273721 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 494 Bit Score: 45.30 E-value: 4.93e-05

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906    73 PGSAGEIRsLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:TIGR01622 209 PNSIPFHR-LYVGNLHFNITEQDLRQIFEPFGEIEFVQLQKDPETGRSKGYGFIQFRDAEQAKEALEKMNG 278

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in SMART/HDAC1-associated repressor protein (SHARP) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of SHARP, also termed Msx2-interacting protein (MINT), or SPEN homolog, an estrogen-inducible transcriptional repressor that interacts directly with the nuclear receptor corepressor SMRT, histone deacetylases (HDACs) and components of the NuRD complex. SHARP recruits HDAC activity and binds to the steroid receptor RNA coactivator SRA through four conserved N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), further suppressing SRA-potentiated steroid receptor transcription activity. Thus, SHARP has the capacity to modulate both liganded and nonliganded nuclear receptors. SHARP also has been identified as a component of transcriptional repression complexes in Notch/RBP-Jkappa signaling pathways. In addition to the N-terminal RRMs, SHARP possesses a C-terminal SPOC domain (Spen paralog and ortholog C-terminal domain), which is highly conserved among Spen proteins.

Pssm-ID: 409786 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 41.24 E-value: 4.95e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKgakvVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTG 248
Cdd:cd12350   4 TLFIGNLEKTTTYGDLRNIFERFGEIID----IDIKKQNGNPQYAFLQYCDIASVVKAIKKMDGEYLGNNRLKLG 74

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in the scaffold attachment factor (SAFB) family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of the SAFB family, including scaffold attachment factor B1 (SAFB1), scaffold attachment factor B2 (SAFB2), SAFB-like transcriptional modulator (SLTM), and similar proteins, which are ubiquitously expressed. SAFB1, SAFB2 and SLTM have been implicated in many diverse cellular processes including cell growth and transformation, stress response, and apoptosis. They share high sequence similarities and all contain a scaffold attachment factor-box (SAF-box, also known as SAP domain) DNA-binding motif, an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a region rich in glutamine and arginine residues. SAFB1 is a nuclear protein with a distribution similar to that of SLTM, but unlike that of SAFB2, which is also found in the cytoplasm. To a large extent, SAFB1 and SLTM might share similar functions, such as the inhibition of an oestrogen reporter gene. The additional cytoplasmic localization of SAFB2 implies that it could play additional roles in the cytoplasmic compartment which are distinct from the nuclear functions shared with SAFB1 and SLTM.

Pssm-ID: 409851 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 41.09 E-value: 5.10e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQ 238
Cdd:cd12417   3 WISGLSDTTKAADLKKIF-SKYGKVVSAKVVTSARTPGSRCYGYVTMASVEEADLCIKSLNKT 64

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in RNA-binding protein 34 (RBM34) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM34, a putative RNA-binding protein containing two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). Although the function of RBM34 remains unclear currently, its RRM domains may participate in mRNA processing. RBM34 may act as an mRNA processing-related protein.

Pssm-ID: 409828 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 91 Bit Score: 41.43 E-value: 5.52e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGE--------LVHVKIPAGKR---------------CGFVQYANRACAEQALSvLNG 335
Cdd:cd12394   2 TVFVGNLPVTVKKKALKKLFKEFGKiesvrfrsVAVANPKLPKKvavikkkfhpkrdsmNAYVVFKEEESAQKALK-LNG 80


                ....*....
gi 18416906 336 TQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12394  81 TEFEGHHIR 89

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein Musashi homologs Musashi-1, Musashi-2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2.in Musashi-1 (also termed Msi1), a neural RNA-binding protein putatively expressed in central nervous system (CNS) stem cells and neural progenitor cells, and associated with asymmetric divisions in neural progenitor cells. It is evolutionarily conserved from invertebrates to vertebrates. Musashi-1 is a homolog of Drosophila Musashi and Xenopus laevis nervous system-specific RNP protein-1 (Nrp-1). It has been implicated in the maintenance of the stem-cell state, differentiation, and tumorigenesis. It translationally regulates the expression of a mammalian numb gene by binding to the 3'-untranslated region of mRNA of Numb, encoding a membrane-associated inhibitor of Notch signaling, and further influences neural development. Moreover, Musashi-1 represses translation by interacting with the poly(A)-binding protein and competes for binding of the eukaryotic initiation factor-4G (eIF-4G). Musashi-2 (also termed Msi2) has been identified as a regulator of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment and of leukemic stem cells after transplantation of cells with loss and gain of function of the gene. It influences proliferation and differentiation of HSCs and myeloid progenitors, and further modulates normal hematopoiesis and promotes aggressive myeloid leukemia. Both, Musashi-1 and Musashi-2, contain two conserved N-terminal tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), along with other domains of unknown function.

Pssm-ID: 240769 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 41.27 E-value: 5.58e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKaVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFadESEQI 229
Cdd:cd12323   2 IFVGGLSANTTEDDVKKYFS-QFGKVEDAMLMFDKQTNRHRGFGFVTF--ESEDV 53

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in yeast nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of Nop4p (also known as Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 410077 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 107 Bit Score: 42.03 E-value: 5.83e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALSvlNGTQLGGQS 342
Cdd:cd12676   2 RTLFVRNLPFDATEDELYSHFSQFGPLKYARVvkdPATGRSkgtAFVKFKNKEDADNCLS--AAPEAQSTS 70

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor SRSF2, SRSF8 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of SRSF2 and SRSF8. SRSF2, also termed protein PR264, or splicing component, 35 kDa (splicing factor SC35 or SC-35), is a prototypical SR protein that plays important roles in the alternative splicing of pre-mRNA. It is also involved in transcription elongation by directly or indirectly mediating the recruitment of elongation factors to the C-terminal domain of polymerase II. SRSF2 is exclusively localized in the nucleus and is restricted to nuclear processes. It contains a single N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by a C-terminal RS domain rich in serine-arginine dipeptides. The RRM is responsible for the specific recognition of 5'-SSNG-3' (S=C/G) RNA. In the regulation of alternative splicing events, it specifically binds to cis-regulatory elements on the pre-mRNA. The RS domain modulates SRSF2 activity through phosphorylation, directly contacts RNA, and promotes protein-protein interactions with the spliceosome. SRSF8, also termed SRP46 or SFRS2B, is a novel mammalian SR splicing factor encoded by a PR264/SC35 functional retropseudogene. SRSF8 is localized in the nucleus and does not display the same activity as PR264/SC35. It functions as an essential splicing factor in complementing a HeLa cell S100 extract deficient in SR proteins. Like SRSF2, SRSF8 contains a single N-terminal RRM and a C-terminal RS domain.

Pssm-ID: 409751 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 41.10 E-value: 5.88e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 177 VGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12311   3 VDNLTYRTTPDDLRRVFEK-YGEVGDVYIPRDRYTRESRGFAFVRFYDKRDAEDAIDAMDGAELDGRELR 71

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in THO complex subunit 4 (THOC4) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of THOC4, also termed transcriptional coactivator Aly/REF, or ally of AML-1 and LEF-1, or bZIP-enhancing factor BEF, an mRNA transporter protein with a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). It is involved in RNA transportation from the nucleus. THOC4 was initially identified as a transcription coactivator of LEF-1 and AML-1 for the TCRalpha enhancer function. In addition, THOC4 specifically binds to rhesus (RH) promoter in erythroid. It might be a novel transcription cofactor for erythroid-specific genes.

Pssm-ID: 410081 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 41.06 E-value: 6.16e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12680   2 KLLVSNLDFGVSDADIKELFAEF-GTLKKAAVHYDRS-GRSLGTAEVVFERRADALKAMKQYNGVPLDGRPMK 72

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in SRA stem-loop-interacting RNA-binding protein (SLIRP) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of SLIRP, a widely expressed small steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA) binding protein, which binds to STR7, a functional substructure of SRA. SLIRP is localized predominantly to the mitochondria and plays a key role in modulating several nuclear receptor (NR) pathways. It functions as a co-repressor to repress SRA-mediated nuclear receptor coactivation. It modulates SHARP- and SKIP-mediated co-regulation of NR activity. SLIRP contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), which is required for SLIRP's corepression activities.

Pssm-ID: 409688 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 40.80 E-value: 6.36e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESE 227
Cdd:cd12242   1 KLFVSNLPWTTGSSELKEYF-SQFGKVKRCNLPFDKETGFHKGFGFVSFENEDG 53

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast protein gar2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of yeast protein gar2, a novel nucleolar protein required for 18S rRNA and 40S ribosomal subunit accumulation. It shares similar domain architecture with nucleolin from vertebrates and NSR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated N-terminal domain of gar2 is made up of highly acidic regions separated from each other by basic sequences, and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The central domain of gar2 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of gar2 is rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues.

Pssm-ID: 409881 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 40.88 E-value: 6.46e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPA------GKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12447   1 TLFVGGLSWNVDDPWLKKEFEKYGGVISARVITdrgsgrSKGYGYVDFATPEAAQKALAAMSGKEIDGRQINV 73

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein SNP1 and similar proteins; SNP1, also called U1 snRNP protein SNP1, or U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa homolog, or U1 70K, or U1 snRNP 70 kDa homolog, interacts with mRNA and is involved in nuclear mRNA splicing. It is a component of the spliceosome, where it is associated with snRNP U1 by binding stem loop I of U1 snRNA. Members in this family contain an N-terminal U1snRNP70 domain and an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also called RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 410194 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 118 Bit Score: 41.91 E-value: 6.63e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906  80 RSLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd21615  19 KTLFVGRLDYSLTELELQKKFSKFGEIEKIRIVRDKETGKSRGYAFIVFKSESDAKNAFKEGNG 82

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein G (hnRNP G), Y chromosome RNA recognition motif 1 (hRBMY), testis-specific heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein G-T (hnRNP G-T) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of hnRNP G, also termed glycoprotein p43 or RBMX, an RNA-binding motif protein located on the X chromosome. It is expressed ubiquitously and has been implicated in the splicing control of several pre-mRNAs. Moreover, hnRNP G may function as a regulator of transcription for SREBP-1c and GnRH1. Research has shown that hnRNP G may also act as a tumor-suppressor since it upregulates the Txnip gene and promotes the fidelity of DNA end-joining activity. In addition, hnRNP G appears to play a critical role in proper neural development of zebrafish and frog embryos. The family also includes several paralogs of hnRNP G, such as hRBMY and hnRNP G-T (also termed RNA-binding motif protein, X-linked-like-2). Both, hRBMY and hnRNP G-T, are exclusively expressed in testis and critical for male fertility. Like hnRNP G, hRBMY and hnRNP G-T interact with factors implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing, such as hTra2-beta1 and T-STAR. Although members in this family share a high conserved N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), they appear to recognize different RNA targets. For instance, hRBMY interacts specifically with a stem-loop structure in which the loop is formed by the sequence CA/UCAA. In contrast, hnRNP G associates with single stranded RNA sequences containing a CCA/C motif. In addition to the RRM, hnRNP G contains a nascent transcripts targeting domain (NTD) in the middle region and a novel auxiliary RNA-binding domain (RBD) in its C-terminal region. The C-terminal RBD exhibits distinct RNA binding specificity, and would play a critical role in the regulation of alternative splicing by hnRNP G.

Pssm-ID: 409816 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 41.24 E-value: 6.64e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHV-----KIPAGKR-CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12382   4 LFIGGLNTETNEKALEAVFGKYGRIVEVllmkdRETNKSRgFAFVTFESPADAKDAARDMNGKELDGKAIK 74

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A subfamily; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in hnRNP A0, hnRNP A1, hnRNP A2/B1, hnRNP A3 and similar proteins. hnRNP A0 is a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. It has been identified as the substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may be involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced post-transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A1 is an abundant eukaryotic nuclear RNA-binding protein that may modulate splice site selection in pre-mRNA splicing. hnRNP A2/B1 is an RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE). Many mRNAs, such as myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin-associated oligodendrocytic basic protein (MOBP), carboxyanhydrase II (CAII), microtubule-associated protein tau, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) are trafficked by hnRNP A2/B1. hnRNP A3 is also a RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that participates in the trafficking of A2RE-containing RNA. The hnRNP A subfamily is characterized by two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409992 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 40.89 E-value: 6.89e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHV---KIPAGKRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALS 331
Cdd:cd12578   2 LFIGGLSYETTDDSLRNHFEQWGEITDVvvmKDPATKRSrgfGFVTYSSASEVDAAMN 59

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in RNA-binding protein Musashi homolog Musashi-1, Musashi-2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in Musashi-1 and Musashi-2. Musashi-1 (also termed Msi1) is a neural RNA-binding protein putatively expressed in central nervous system (CNS) stem cells and neural progenitor cells, and associated with asymmetric divisions in neural progenitor cells. It is evolutionarily conserved from invertebrates to vertebrates. Musashi-1 is a homolog of Drosophila Musashi and Xenopus laevis nervous system-specific RNP protein-1 (Nrp-1). It has been implicated in the maintenance of the stem-cell state, differentiation, and tumorigenesis. It translationally regulates the expression of a mammalian numb gene by binding to the 3'-untranslated region of mRNA of Numb, encoding a membrane-associated inhibitor of Notch signaling, and further influences neural development. Moreover, Musashi-1 represses translation by interacting with the poly(A)-binding protein and competes for binding of the eukaryotic initiation factor-4G (eIF-4G). Musashi-2 (also termed Msi2) has been identified as a regulator of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment and of leukemic stem cells after transplantation of cells with loss and gain of function of the gene. It influences proliferation and differentiation of HSCs and myeloid progenitors, and further modulates normal hematopoiesis and promotes aggressive myeloid leukemia. Both, Musashi-1 and Musashi-2, contain two conserved N-terminal tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), along with other domains of unknown function.

Pssm-ID: 409990 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 40.89 E-value: 6.93e-05

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFAD 224
Cdd:cd12576   3 FIGGLSWQTTPEGLREYFSK-FGEITECMVMRDPTTKRSRGFGFVTFSD 50

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen C (HuC); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of HuC, also termed ELAV-like protein 3 (ELAV-3), or paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen, or paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis antigen 21 (PLE21), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. Like other Hu proteins, HuC contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). The AU-rich element binding of HuC can be inhibited by flavonoids. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410165 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 41.26 E-value: 7.06e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906  91 MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12772  16 MTQEEFKSLFGSIGDIESCKLVRDKITGQSLGYGFVNYVDPNDADKAINTLNG 68

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic RNA-binding protein 25 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM25, also termed Arg/Glu/Asp-rich protein of 120 kDa (RED120), or protein S164, or RNA-binding region-containing protein 7, an evolutionary-conserved splicing coactivator SRm160 (SR-related nuclear matrix protein of 160 kDa, )-interacting protein. RBM25 belongs to a family of RNA-binding proteins containing a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), at the N-terminus, a RE/RD-rich (ER) central region, and a C-terminal proline-tryptophan-isoleucine (PWI) motif. It localizes to the nuclear speckles and associates with multiple splicing components, including splicing cofactors SRm160/300, U snRNAs, assembled splicing complexes, and spliced mRNAs. It may play an important role in pre-mRNA processing by coupling splicing with mRNA 3'-end formation. Additional research indicates that RBM25 is one of the RNA-binding regulators that direct the alternative splicing of apoptotic factors. It can activate proapoptotic Bcl-xS 5'ss by binding to the exonic splicing enhancer, CGGGCA, and stabilize the pre-mRNA-U1 snRNP through interaction with hLuc7A, a U1 snRNP-associated factor.

Pssm-ID: 409880 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 40.97 E-value: 7.24e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVH---VKIPAGKRC--GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12446   1 TTVFVGNIPDDVSDDFIRQLLEKCGKVLSwkrVQDPSGKLKafGFCEFEDPEGALRALRLLNGLELGGKKL 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Drosophila melanogaster Bruno protein and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of Bruno, a Drosophila RNA recognition motif (RRM)-containing protein that plays a central role in regulation of Oskar (Osk) expression. It mediates repression by binding to regulatory Bruno response elements (BREs) in the Osk mRNA 3' UTR. The full-length Bruno protein contains three RRMs, two located in the N-terminal half of the protein and the third near the C-terminus, separated by a linker region.

Pssm-ID: 410044 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 41.01 E-value: 7.32e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI-----PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQ 337
Cdd:cd12636   4 LFVGMLSKKCNESDVRIMFSPYGSIEECTVlrdqnGKSRGCAFVTFTSRQCAVNAIKAMHHSQ 66

RNA recognition motif 2 in La autoantigen (La or SS-B or LARP3), La-related protein 7 (LARP7 or PIP7S) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of La and LARP7. La is a highly abundant nuclear phosphoprotein and well conserved in eukaryotes. It specifically binds the 3'-terminal UUU-OH motif of nascent RNA polymerase III transcripts and protects them from exonucleolytic degradation by 3' exonucleases. In addition, La can directly facilitate the translation and/or metabolism of many UUU-3' OH-lacking cellular and viral mRNAs, through binding internal RNA sequences within the untranslated regions of target mRNAs. LARP7 is an oligopyrimidine-binding protein that binds to the highly conserved 3'-terminal U-rich stretch (3' -UUU-OH) of 7SK RNA. It is a stable component of the 7SK small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (7SK snRNP), intimately associates with all the nuclear 7SK and is required for 7SK stability. LARP7 also acts as a negative transcriptional regulator of cellular and viral polymerase II genes, acting by means of the 7SK snRNP system. LARP7 plays an essential role in the inhibition of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb)-dependent transcription, which has been linked to the global control of cell growth and tumorigenesis. Both La and LARP7 contain an N-terminal La motif (LAM), followed by two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409734 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 40.77 E-value: 7.79e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNG-TQLGG 340
Cdd:cd12292   1 GLILKITGIGPSVSRDDLKELFKQFGEVEYVDFTPGDDEGHVRFKTSEAAQKARDAYTGkLELNG 65

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP M, a pre-mRNA binding protein that may play an important role in the pre-mRNA processing. It also preferentially binds to poly(G) and poly(U) RNA homopolymers. hnRNP M is able to interact with early spliceosomes, further influencing splicing patterns of specific pre-mRNAs. It functions as the receptor of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that contains the penta-peptide sequence PELPK signaling motif. In addition, hnRNP M and another splicing factor Nova-1 work together as dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) pre-mRNA-binding proteins. They regulate alternative splicing of D2R pre-mRNA in an antagonistic manner. hnRNP M contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an unusual hexapeptide-repeat region rich in methionine and arginine residues (MR repeat motif).

Pssm-ID: 410060 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 40.80 E-value: 7.90e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKgAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPM 245
Cdd:cd12659   2 TVFVANLDYKVGWKKLKEVFSMAGVVVR-ADILEDKD-GKSRGIGTVTFEQPIEAVQAISMFNGQLLFDRPM 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in the Hu proteins family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Hu proteins family which represents a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. Moreover, HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410055 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 40.77 E-value: 7.95e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGG 340
Cdd:cd12652   3 LYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQFGRIITSRIlcdnvtGLSRGVGFIRFDKRVEAERAIKALNGTIPPG 69

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae nucleolar protein 6 (Nop6) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of Nop6, also known as Ydl213c, a component of 90S pre-ribosomal particles in yeast S. cerevisiae. It is enriched in the nucleolus and is required for 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis. Nop6 is a non-essential putative RNA-binding protein with two N-terminal putative nuclear localisation sequences (NLS-1 and NLS-2) and an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). It binds to the pre-rRNA early during transcription and plays an essential role in pre-rRNA processing.

Pssm-ID: 409834 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 40.67 E-value: 8.43e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKR------CGFVQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12400   3 LFVGNLPYDTTAEDLKEHFKKAGEPPSVRLLTDKKtgkskgCAFVEFDNQKALQKALK-LHHTSLGGRKINV 73

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein G3BP1, G3BP2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain in the G3BP family of RNA-binding and SH3 domain-binding proteins. G3BP acts at the level of RNA metabolism in response to cell signaling, possibly as RNA transcript stabilizing factors or an RNase. Members include G3BP1, G3BP2 and similar proteins. These proteins associate directly with the SH3 domain of GTPase-activating protein (GAP), which functions as an inhibitor of Ras. They all contain an N-terminal nuclear transfer factor 2 (NTF2)-like domain, an acidic domain, a domain containing PXXP motif(s), an RNA recognition motif (RRM), and an Arg-Gly-rich region (RGG-rich region, or arginine methylation motif).

Pssm-ID: 409676 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 40.86 E-value: 8.64e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 275 PTNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC------GFVQYANRACAEQALS 331
Cdd:cd12229   1 PDNHQLFVGNLPHDITEDELKEFFSRFGNVLELRINSKGGGgrlpnfGFVVFDDPEAVQKILA 63

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in U2-associated protein SR140 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of SR140 (also termed U2 snRNP-associated SURP motif-containing protein orU2SURP, or 140 kDa Ser/Arg-rich domain protein) which is a putative splicing factor mainly found in higher eukaryotes. Although it is initially identified as one of the 17S U2 snRNP-associated proteins, the molecular and physiological function of SR140 remains unclear. SR140 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a SWAP/SURP domain that is found in a number of pre-mRNA splicing factors in the middle region, and a C-terminal arginine/serine-rich domain (RS domain).

Pssm-ID: 409670 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 40.74 E-value: 8.69e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVI--------RNKQNGysegyGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSSEqaF 153
Cdd:cd12223   4 LYVGNLPPSVTEEVLLREFGRFGPLASVKIMwprteeerRRNRNC-----GFVAFMSRADAERAMRELNGKDVMGYE--L 76


                ....*
gi 18416906 154 RLNWA 158
Cdd:cd12223  77 KLGWG 81

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A subfamily; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A0, hnRNP A1, hnRNP A2/B1, hnRNP A3 and similar proteins. hnRNP A0 is a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. It has been identified as the substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may be involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced post-transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A1 is an abundant eukaryotic nuclear RNA-binding protein that may modulate splice site selection in pre-mRNA splicing. hnRNP A2/B1 is an RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE). Many mRNAs, such as myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin-associated oligodendrocytic basic protein (MOBP), carboxyanhydrase II (CAII), microtubule-associated protein tau, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) are trafficked by hnRNP A2/B1. hnRNP A3 is also a RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that participates in the trafficking of A2RE-containing RNA. The hnRNP A subfamily is characterized by two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409766 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 40.33 E-value: 8.96e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAER 136
Cdd:cd12328   2 LFVGGLKEDVEEEDLREYFSQFGKVESVEIVTDKETGKKRGFAFVTFDDHDSVDK 56

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in RNA-binding protein 7 (RBM7) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM7, RBM11 and their eukaryotic homologous. RBM7 is an ubiquitously expressed pre-mRNA splicing factor that enhances messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing in a cell-specific manner or in a certain developmental process, such as spermatogenesis. It interacts with splicing factors SAP145 (the spliceosomal splicing factor 3b subunit 2) and SRp20, and may play a more specific role in meiosis entry and progression. Together with additional testis-specific RNA-binding proteins, RBM7 may regulate the splicing of specific pre-mRNA species that are important in the meiotic cell cycle. RBM11 is a novel tissue-specific splicing regulator that is selectively expressed in brain, cerebellum and testis, and to a lower extent in kidney. It is localized in the nucleoplasm and enriched in SRSF2-containing splicing speckles. It may play a role in the modulation of alternative splicing during neuron and germ cell differentiation. Both, RBM7 and RBM11, contain an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a region lacking known homology at the C-terminus. The RRM is responsible for RNA binding, whereas the C-terminal region permits nuclear localization and homodimerization.

Pssm-ID: 409773 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 40.36 E-value: 9.65e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRtTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12336   3 TLFVGNLDPRVTEEILYELFLQA-GPLEGVKIPKDP-NGKPKNFAFVTFKHEVSVPYAIQLLNG 64

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein 7 (RBM7); This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM7, a ubiquitously expressed pre-mRNA splicing factor that enhances messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing in a cell-specific manner or in a certain developmental process, such as spermatogenesis. RBM7 interacts with splicing factors SAP145 (the spliceosomal splicing factor 3b subunit 2) and SRp20. It may play a more specific role in meiosis entry and progression. Together with additional testis-specific RNA-binding proteins, RBM7 may regulate the splicing of specific pre-mRNA species that are important in the meiotic cell cycle. RBM7 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a region lacking known homology at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 410005 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 40.58 E-value: 9.71e-05

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 172 EHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKgAKVVNDRtTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12592   1 DRTLFVGNLDTKVTEELLFELFLQAGPVIK-VKIPKDK-DGKPKQFAFVNFKHEVSVPYAMNLLNGIKLYGRPLK 73

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in nucleoporin Nup53 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of nucleoporin Nup53, also termed mitotic phosphoprotein 44 (MP-44), or nuclear pore complex protein Nup53, required for normal cell growth and nuclear morphology in vertebrate. It tightly associates with the nuclear envelope membrane and the nuclear lamina where it interacts with lamin B. It may also interact with a group of nucleoporins including Nup93, Nup155, and Nup205 and play a role in the association of the mitotic checkpoint protein Mad1 with the nuclear pore complex (NPC). The family also includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nup53p, an ortholog of vertebrate nucleoporin Nup53. A unique property of yeast Nup53p is that it contains an additional Kap121p-binding domain and interacts specifically with the karyopherin Kap121p, which is involved in the assembly of Nup53p into NPCs. Both, vertebrate Nup35 and yeast Nup53p, contain an atypical RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a C-terminal amphipathic alpha-helix and several FG repeats. This family corresponds to the RRM domain which lacks the conserved residues that typically bind RNA in canonical RRM domains.

Pssm-ID: 409875 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 40.29 E-value: 1.01e-04

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 298 FGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12441  21 FSKCGDIVEHEYPPGGNWIHIRYENRLQAERALS-KNGRVLNGNVM 65

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A1, also termed helix-destabilizing protein, or single-strand RNA-binding protein, or hnRNP core protein A1, an abundant eukaryotic nuclear RNA-binding protein that may modulate splice site selection in pre-mRNA splicing. hnRNP A1 has been characterized as a splicing silencer, often acting in opposition to an activating hnRNP H. It silences exons when bound to exonic elements in the alternatively spliced transcripts of c-src, HIV, GRIN1, and beta-tropomyosin. hnRNP A1 can shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Thus, it may be involved in transport of cellular RNAs, including the packaging of pre-mRNA into hnRNP particles and transport of poly A+ mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The cytoplasmic hnRNP A1 has high affinity with AU-rich elements, whereas the nuclear hnRNP A1 has high affinity with a polypyrimidine stretch bordered by AG at the 3' ends of introns. hnRNP A1 is also involved in the replication of an RNA virus, such as mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), through an interaction with the transcription-regulatory region of viral RNA. Moreover, hnRNP A1, together with the scaffold protein septin 6, serves as host proteins to form a complex with NS5b and viral RNA, and further play important roles in the replication of Hepatitis C virus (HCV). hnRNP A1 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus. The RRMs of hnRNP A1 play an important role in silencing the exon and the glycine-rich domain is responsible for protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409994 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 40.33 E-value: 1.01e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESE----QIRAMTEMNGQYCSSR 243
Cdd:cd12580   3 IFVGGIKEDTEEHHLRDYFEQ-YGKIEVIEIMTDRGSGKKRGFAFVTFDDHDSvdkiVIQKYHTVNGHNCEVR 74

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in SR-related and CTD-associated factor 4 (SCAF4) and similar proteins; The CD corresponds to the RRM of SCAF4 (also termed splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 15 or SFR15, or CTD-binding SR-like protein RA4) that belongs to a new class of SCAFs (SR-like CTD-associated factors). Although its biological function remains unclear, SCAF4 shows high sequence similarity to SCAF8 that interacts specifically with a highly serine-phosphorylated form of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (pol II) and may play a direct role in coupling with both, transcription and pre-mRNA processing, processes. SCAF4 and SCAF8 both contain a conserved N-terminal CTD-interacting domain (CID), an atypical RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and serine/arginine-rich motifs.

Pssm-ID: 409894 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 40.42 E-value: 1.06e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLN--GTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12461   4 STTLWVGQLDKRTTQQDVASLLEEFGQIESINMIPPRGCAYIVMVHRQDAYRALQKLSrgNYKVNQKSIKIAW 76

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate RRM-containing coactivator activator/modulator (CoAA); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of CoAA, also termed RNA-binding protein 14 (RBM14), or paraspeckle protein 2 (PSP2), or synaptotagmin-interacting protein (SYT-interacting protein), a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-like protein identified as a nuclear receptor coactivator. It mediates transcriptional coactivation and RNA splicing effects in a promoter-preferential manner and is enhanced by thyroid hormone receptor-binding protein (TRBP). CoAA contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a TRBP-interacting domain. It stimulates transcription through its interactions with coactivators, such as TRBP and CREB-binding protein CBP/p300, via the TRBP-interacting domain and interaction with an RNA-containing complex, such as DNA-dependent protein kinase-poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase complexes, via the RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 410021 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 68 Bit Score: 40.22 E-value: 1.11e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKrcGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12609   3 IFVGNVSATCTSDELRGLFEEFGRVVECDKVKDY--AFVHMEREEEALAAIEALNGKEVKGRRI 64

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in the Spen (split end) protein family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 domain in the Spen (split end) protein family which includes RNA binding motif protein 15 (RBM15), putative RNA binding motif protein 15B (RBM15B), and similar proteins found in Metazoa. RBM15, also termed one-twenty two protein 1 (OTT1), conserved in eukaryotes, is a novel mRNA export factor and component of the NXF1 pathway. It binds to NXF1 and serves as receptor for the RNA export element RTE. It also possess mRNA export activity and can facilitate the access of DEAD-box protein DBP5 to mRNA at the nuclear pore complex (NPC). RNA-binding protein 15B (RBM15B), also termed one twenty-two 3 (OTT3), is a paralog of RBM15 and therefore has post-transcriptional regulatory activity. It is a nuclear protein sharing with RBM15 the association with the splicing factor compartment and the nuclear envelope as well as the binding to mRNA export factors NXF1 and Aly/REF. Members in this family belong to the Spen (split end) protein family, which share a domain architecture comprising of three N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal SPOC (Spen paralog and ortholog C-terminal) domain.

Pssm-ID: 240755 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 40.46 E-value: 1.25e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTG 248
Cdd:cd12309   4 TLFVGNLEITITEEELRRAFER-YGVVEDVDIKRPPR-GQGNAYAFVKFLNLDMAHRAKVAMSGQYIGRNQIKIG 76

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein 47 (RBM47); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of RBM47, a putative RNA-binding protein that shows high sequence homology with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R (hnRNP R) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Q (hnRNP Q). Its biological function remains unclear. Like hnRNP R and hnRNP Q, RBM47 contains two well defined and one degenerated RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409920 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 40.33 E-value: 1.28e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 290 TEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12497  14 TEDTIKKIFGQFNPGCVERVKKIRDYAFVHFASRDDAVVAMNNLNGTELEGSCIEVT 70

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase-like 4 (PPIase) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of PPIase, also termed cyclophilin-like protein PPIL4, or rotamase PPIL4, a novel nuclear RNA-binding protein encoded by cyclophilin-like PPIL4 gene. The precise role of PPIase remains unclear. PPIase contains a conserved N-terminal peptidyl-prolyl cistrans isomerase (PPIase) motif, a central RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by a lysine rich domain, and a pair of bipartite nuclear targeting sequences (NLS) at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409681 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 40.33 E-value: 1.43e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAER 136
Cdd:cd12235   6 LFVCKLNPVTTDEDLEIIFSRFGKIKSCEVIRDKKTGDSLQYAFIEFETKESCEE 60

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in RNA-binding protein 42 (RBM42) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM42 which has been identified as a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K)-binding protein. It also directly binds the 3' untranslated region of p21 mRNA that is one of the target mRNAs for hnRNP K. Both, hnRNP K and RBM42, are components of stress granules (SGs). Under nonstress conditions, RBM42 predominantly localizes within the nucleus and co-localizes with hnRNP K. Under stress conditions, hnRNP K and RBM42 form cytoplasmic foci where the SG marker TIAR localizes, and may play a role in the maintenance of cellular ATP level by protecting their target mRNAs. RBM42 contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409817 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 40.34 E-value: 1.44e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12383   9 IFCGDLGNEVTDEVLARAFSKYPSFQKAKVIRDKRTGKSKGYGFVSFKDPNDYLKALREMNG 70

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein 4 (RBM4); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM4, a ubiquitously expressed splicing factor that has two isoforms, RBM4A (also known as Lark homolog) and RBM4B (also known as RBM30), which are very similar in structure and sequence. RBM4 may function as a translational regulator of stress-associated mRNAs and also plays a role in micro-RNA-mediated gene regulation. RBM4 contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a CCHC-type zinc finger, and three alanine-rich regions within their C-terminal regions. The C-terminal region may be crucial for nuclear localization and protein-protein interaction. The RRMs, in combination with the C-terminal region, are responsible for the splicing function of RBM4.

Pssm-ID: 410018 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 67 Bit Score: 39.79 E-value: 1.45e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPagKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12606   3 LFIGNLPREATEEEIRSLFEQYGKVTECDII--KNYGFVHMEDKSAADEAIRNLHHYKLHGVAI 64

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen B (HuB); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuB, also termed ELAV-like protein 2 (ELAV-2), or ELAV-like neuronal protein 1, or nervous system-specific RNA-binding protein Hel-N1 (Hel-N1), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. It is up-regulated during neuronal differentiation of embryonic carcinoma P19 cells. Like other Hu proteins, HuB contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 241098 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 86 Bit Score: 40.46 E-value: 1.51e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12654   6 IFVYNLAPDADESILWQMFGPFGAVTNVKVIRDFNTNKCKGFGFVTMTNYDEAAMAIASLNG 67

ELAV/HuD family splicing factor; This model describes the ELAV/HuD subfamily of splicing factors found in metazoa. HuD stands for the human paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen D of which there are 4 variants in human. ELAV stnds for the Drosophila Embryonic lethal abnormal visual protein. ELAV-like splicing factors are also known in human as HuB (ELAV-like protein 2), HuC (ELAV-like protein 3, Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen) and HuR (ELAV-like protein 1). These genes are most closely related to the sex-lethal subfamily of splicing factors found in Dipteran insects (TIGR01659). These proteins contain 3 RNA-recognition motifs (rrm: pfam00076).

Pssm-ID: 273741 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 352 Bit Score: 43.39 E-value: 1.51e-04

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906    73 PGSAGEIRSLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPM 146
Cdd:TIGR01661 263 SASDGAGYCIFVYNLSPDTDETVLWQLFGPFGAVQNVKIIRDLTTNQCKGYGFVSMTNYDEAAMAILSLNGYTL 336

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 2 (PTBP2); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of PTBP2, also known as neural polypyrimidine tract-binding protein or neurally-enriched homolog of PTB (nPTB), highly homologous to polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) and perhaps specific to the vertebrates. Unlike PTB, PTBP2 is enriched in the brain and in some neural cell lines. It binds more stably to the downstream control sequence (DCS) RNA than PTB does but is a weaker repressor of splicing in vitro. PTBP2 also greatly enhances the binding of two other proteins, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) H and KH-type splicing-regulatory protein (KSRP), to the DCS RNA. The binding properties of PTBP2 and its reduced inhibitory activity on splicing imply roles in controlling the assembly of other splicing-regulatory proteins. PTBP2 contains four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 410096 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 107 Bit Score: 40.74 E-value: 1.57e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 268 GNSGESDPTNTTIFVGAV-DQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKR-CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12696   4 GMPGVSAGGNTVLLVSNLnEEMVTPQSLFTLFGVYGDVQRVKILYNKKdSALIQMADGNQSQLAMSHLNGQKMYGKIIRV 83


                .
gi 18416906 346 S 346
Cdd:cd12696  84 T 84

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in S6K1 Aly/REF-like target (SKAR) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of SKAR, also termed polymerase delta-interacting protein 3 (PDIP3), 46 kDa DNA polymerase delta interaction protein (PDIP46), belonging to the Aly/REF family of RNA binding proteins that have been implicated in coupling transcription with pre-mRNA splicing and nucleo-cytoplasmic mRNA transport. SKAR is widely expressed and localizes to the nucleus. It may be a critical player in the function of S6K1 in cell and organism growth control by binding the activated, hyperphosphorylated form of S6K1 but not S6K2. Furthermore, SKAR functions as a protein partner of the p50 subunit of DNA polymerase delta. In addition, SKAR may have particular importance in pancreatic beta cell size determination and insulin secretion. SKAR contains a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 410082 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 69 Bit Score: 39.56 E-value: 1.66e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELvhvkipagKRCGF-------VQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12681   1 TRLTVSNLHPSVTEDDIVELFSVIGAL--------KRARLvrpgvaeVVYVRREDAITAIKKYNNRELDGQPMKCK 68

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNP D0, hnRNP A/B, hnRNP DL and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP D0, hnRNP A/B, hnRNP DL and similar proteins. hnRNP D0, a UUAG-specific nuclear RNA binding protein that may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing and telomere elongation. hnRNP A/B is an RNA unwinding protein with a high affinity for G- followed by U-rich regions. It has also been identified as an APOBEC1-binding protein that interacts with apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA transcripts around the editing site and thus plays an important role in apoB mRNA editing. hnRNP DL (or hnRNP D-like) is a dual functional protein that possesses DNA- and RNA-binding properties. It has been implicated in mRNA biogenesis at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. All memembers in this family contain two putative RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glycine- and tyrosine-rich C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 240775 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 39.66 E-value: 1.70e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADE 225
Cdd:cd12329   2 IFVGGLSPETTEEKIREYFGK-FGNIVEIELPMDKKTNKRRGFCFITFDSE 51

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate putative RNA exonuclease NEF-sp; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of NEF-sp., including uncharacterized putative RNA exonuclease NEF-sp found in vertebrates. Although its cellular functions remains unclear, NEF-sp contains an exonuclease domain and two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), suggesting it may possess both exonuclease and RNA-binding activities.

Pssm-ID: 409717 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 39.84 E-value: 1.75e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP----AGK--RCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNG 335
Cdd:cd12274   1 IYVSGFKKSLTEEDLQERFSQLSDLEAVFLPkdlqSGKhkKYCFLKFRSSQSAQAALDIITG 62

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of MRD1 which is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). It is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

Pssm-ID: 409982 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 39.71 E-value: 1.78e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12566   5 LFLRNLPYSTKEDDLQKLFSK-FGEVSEVHVPIDKKTKKSKGFAYVLFLDPEDAVQAYNELDGKVFQGRLIHILPG 79

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B (hnRNP A/B) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A/B, also termed APOBEC1-binding protein 1 (ABBP-1), an RNA unwinding protein with a high affinity for G- followed by U-rich regions. hnRNP A/B has also been identified as an APOBEC1-binding protein that interacts with apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA transcripts around the editing site and thus plays an important role in apoB mRNA editing. hnRNP A/B contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long C-terminal glycine-rich domain that contains a potential ATP/GTP binding loop.

Pssm-ID: 409997 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 39.93 E-value: 1.80e-04

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 274 DPTNTtIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP----AGKRCGFV 318
Cdd:cd12584   2 DPVKK-IFVGGLNPETTEEKIREYFGEFGEIEAIELPmdpkTNKRRGFV 49

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast meiotic activator RIM4 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RIM4, also termed regulator of IME2 protein 4, a putative RNA binding protein that is expressed at elevated levels early in meiosis. It functions as a meiotic activator required for both the IME1- and IME2-dependent pathways of meiotic gene expression, as well as early events of meiosis, such as meiotic division and recombination, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RIM4 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The family also includes a putative RNA-binding protein termed multicopy suppressor of sporulation protein Msa1. It is a putative RNA-binding protein encoded by a novel gene, msa1, from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Msa1 may be involved in the inhibition of sexual differentiation by controlling the expression of Ste11-regulated genes, possibly through the pheromone-signaling pathway. Like RIM4, Msa1 also contains two RRMs, both of which are essential for the function of Msa1.

Pssm-ID: 409888 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 39.76 E-value: 1.83e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRC-GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12454   4 LSIFVGQLDPKTTDSELFRRFSKYGKIVDCKLikrPEPVNAfAFLRFESEEAAEAAVEEENHSEFLNKQIR 74

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate RRM-containing coactivator activator/modulator (CoAA); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of CoAA, also termed RNA-binding protein 14 (RBM14), or paraspeckle protein 2 (PSP2), or synaptotagmin-interacting protein (SYT-interacting protein), a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-like protein identified as a nuclear receptor coactivator. It mediates transcriptional coactivation and RNA splicing effects in a promoter-preferential manner and is enhanced by thyroid hormone receptor-binding protein (TRBP). CoAA contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a TRBP-interacting domain. It stimulates transcription through its interactions with coactivators, such as TRBP and CREB-binding protein CBP/p300, via the TRBP-interacting domain and interaction with an RNA-containing complex, such as DNA-dependent protein kinase-poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase complexes, via the RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 410020 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 69 Bit Score: 39.40 E-value: 1.84e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPagKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12608   3 IFVGNVDEDTSQEELSALFEPYGAVLSCAVM--KQFAFVHMRGEAAADRAIRELNGRELHGRAL 64

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in cold inducible RNA binding protein (CIRBP), RNA binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of two structurally related heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, CIRBP (also termed CIRP or A18 hnRNP) and RBM3 (also termed RNPL), both of which belong to a highly conserved cold shock proteins family. The cold shock proteins can be induced after exposure to a moderate cold-shock and other cellular stresses such as UV radiation and hypoxia. CIRBP and RBM3 may function in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by binding to different transcripts, thus allowing the cell to response rapidly to environmental signals. However, the kinetics and degree of cold induction are different between CIRBP and RBM3. Tissue distribution of their expression is different. CIRBP and RBM3 may be differentially regulated under physiological and stress conditions and may play distinct roles in cold responses of cells. CIRBP, also termed glycine-rich RNA-binding protein CIRP, is localized in the nucleus and mediates the cold-induced suppression of cell cycle progression. CIRBP also binds DNA and possibly serves as a chaperone that assists in the folding/unfolding, assembly/disassembly and transport of various proteins. RBM3 may enhance global protein synthesis and the formation of active polysomes while reducing the levels of ribonucleoprotein complexes containing microRNAs. RBM3 may also serve to prevent the loss of muscle mass by its ability to decrease cell death. Furthermore, RBM3 may be essential for cell proliferation and mitosis. Both, CIRBP and RBM3, contain an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), that is involved in RNA binding, and C-terminal glycine-rich domain (RGG motif) that probably enhances RNA-binding via protein-protein and/or protein-RNA interactions. Like CIRBP, RBM3 can also bind to both RNA and DNA via its RRM domain.

Pssm-ID: 409883 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 39.77 E-value: 1.93e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906  80 RSLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12449   1 GKLFVGGLSFDTNEQSLEEVFSKYGQISEVVVVKDRETQRSRGFGFVTFENPDDAKDAMMAMNG 64

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A subfamily; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in hnRNP A0, hnRNP A1, hnRNP A2/B1, hnRNP A3 and similar proteins. hnRNP A0 is a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. It has been identified as the substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may be involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced post-transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A1 is an abundant eukaryotic nuclear RNA-binding protein that may modulate splice site selection in pre-mRNA splicing. hnRNP A2/B1 is an RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE). Many mRNAs, such as myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin-associated oligodendrocytic basic protein (MOBP), carboxyanhydrase II (CAII), microtubule-associated protein tau, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) are trafficked by hnRNP A2/B1. hnRNP A3 is also a RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that participates in the trafficking of A2RE-containing RNA. The hnRNP A subfamily is characterized by two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409992 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 39.73 E-value: 2.00e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMT 233
Cdd:cd12578   2 LFIGGLSYETTDDSLRNHFEQ-WGEITDVVVMKDPATKRSRGFGFVTYSSASEVDAAMN 59

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 (CSTF2), yeast ortholog mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of CSTF2, its tau variant and eukaryotic homologs. CSTF2, also termed cleavage stimulation factor 64 kDa subunit (CstF64), is the vertebrate conterpart of yeast mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15. It is expressed in all somatic tissues and is one of three cleavage stimulatory factor (CstF) subunits required for polyadenylation. CstF64 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a CstF77-binding domain, a repeated MEARA helical region and a conserved C-terminal domain reported to bind the transcription factor PC-4. During polyadenylation, CstF interacts with the pre-mRNA through the RRM of CstF64 at U- or GU-rich sequences within 10 to 30 nucleotides downstream of the cleavage site. CSTF2T, also termed tauCstF64, is a paralog of the X-linked cleavage stimulation factor CstF64 protein that supports polyadenylation in most somatic cells. It is expressed during meiosis and subsequent haploid differentiation in a more limited set of tissues and cell types, largely in meiotic and postmeiotic male germ cells, and to a lesser extent in brain. The loss of CSTF2T will cause male infertility, as it is necessary for spermatogenesis and fertilization. Moreover, CSTF2T is required for expression of genes involved in morphological differentiation of spermatids, as well as for genes having products that function during interaction of motile spermatozoa with eggs. It promotes germ cell-specific patterns of polyadenylation by using its RRM to bind to different sequence elements downstream of polyadenylation sites than does CstF64. The family also includes yeast ortholog mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15 and similar proteins. RNA15 is a core subunit of cleavage factor IA (CFIA), an essential transcriptional 3'-end processing factor from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RNA recognition by CFIA is mediated by an N-terminal RRM, which is contained in the RNA15 subunit of the complex. The RRM of RNA15 has a strong preference for GU-rich RNAs, mediated by a binding pocket that is entirely conserved in both yeast and vertebrate RNA15 orthologs.

Pssm-ID: 409832 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 39.42 E-value: 2.13e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906  80 RSLWIGDLqPW-MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAE---RNLQTY--NGAPMpsseqaf 153
Cdd:cd12398   1 RSVFVGNI-PYdATEEQLKEIFSEVGPVVSFRLVTDRETGKPKGYGFCEFRDAETALsavRNLNGYelNGRPL------- 72


                ....*
gi 18416906 154 RLNWA 158
Cdd:cd12398  73 RVDFA 77

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 (CSTF2), cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 tau variant (CSTF2T) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM domain of CSTF2, its tau variant and eukaryotic homologs. CSTF2, also termed cleavage stimulation factor 64 kDa subunit (CstF64), is the vertebrate conterpart of yeast mRNA 3'-end-processing protein RNA15. It is expressed in all somatic tissues and is one of three cleavage stimulatory factor (CstF) subunits required for polyadenylation. CstF64 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a CstF77-binding domain, a repeated MEARA helical region and a conserved C-terminal domain reported to bind the transcription factor PC-4. During polyadenylation, CstF interacts with the pre-mRNA through the RRM of CstF64 at U- or GU-rich sequences within 10 to 30 nucleotides downstream of the cleavage site. CSTF2T, also termed tauCstF64, is a paralog of the X-linked cleavage stimulation factor CstF64 protein that supports polyadenylation in most somatic cells. It is expressed during meiosis and subsequent haploid differentiation in a more limited set of tissues and cell types, largely in meiotic and postmeiotic male germ cells, and to a lesser extent in brain. The loss of CSTF2T will cause male infertility, as it is necessary for spermatogenesis and fertilization. Moreover, CSTF2T is required for expression of genes involved in morphological differentiation of spermatids, as well as for genes having products that function during interaction of motile spermatozoa with eggs. It promotes germ cell-specific patterns of polyadenylation by using its RRM to bind to different sequence elements downstream of polyadenylation sites than does CstF64.

Pssm-ID: 410072 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 39.80 E-value: 2.20e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906  79 IRSLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHAT---AERNLQTY 141
Cdd:cd12671   6 LRSVFVGNIPYEATEEQLKDIFSEVGPVVSFRLVYDRETGKPKGYGFCEYQDQETalsAMRNLNGY 71

RNA recognition motif in type II polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of type II polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 2 (PABP-2 or PABPN1), embryonic polyadenylate-binding protein 2 (ePABP-2 or PABPN1L) and similar proteins. PABPs are highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. ePABP-2 is predominantly located in the cytoplasm and PABP-2 is located in the nucleus. In contrast to the type I PABPs containing four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), the type II PABPs contains a single highly-conserved RRM. This subfamily also includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae RBP29 (SGN1, YIR001C) gene encoding cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein Rbp29 that binds preferentially to poly(A). Although not essential for cell viability, Rbp29 plays a role in modulating the expression of cytoplasmic mRNA. Like other type II PABPs, Rbp29 contains one RRM only.

Pssm-ID: 409747 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 39.21 E-value: 2.27e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTeMNGQYCSSRPM 245
Cdd:cd12306   2 IYVGNVDYGTTPEELQAHFKSC-GTINRVTILCDKFTGQPKGFAYIEFVDKSSVENALL-LNESEFRGRQI 70

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M), myelin expression factor 2 (MEF-2 or MyEF-2 or MST156) and similar proteins. hnRNP M is pre-mRNA binding protein that may play an important role in the pre-mRNA processing. It also preferentially binds to poly(G) and poly(U) RNA homopolymers. hnRNP M is able to interact with early spliceosomes, further influencing splicing patterns of specific pre-mRNAs. It functions as the receptor of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that contains the penta-peptide sequence PELPK signaling motif. In addition, hnRNP M and another splicing factor Nova-1 work together as dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) pre-mRNA-binding proteins. They regulate alternative splicing of D2R pre-mRNA in an antagonistic manner. hnRNP M contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an unusual hexapeptide-repeat region rich in methionine and arginine residues (MR repeat motif). MEF-2 is a sequence-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding protein that binds specifically to ssDNA derived from the proximal (MB1) element of the myelin basic protein (MBP) promoter and represses transcription of the MBP gene. MEF-2 shows high sequence homology with hnRNP M. It also contains three RRMs, which may be responsible for its ssDNA binding activity.

Pssm-ID: 409820 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 39.27 E-value: 2.27e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRCGF--VQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12386   1 IFVANLDYKVGWKKLKEVFKLAGKVVRADIredKDGKSRGMgvVQFEHPIEAVQAISMFNGQMLFDRPMR 70

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A3 (hnRNP A3) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A3, a novel RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE) independently of hnRNP A2 and participates in the trafficking of A2RE-containing RNA. hnRNP A3 can shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409996 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 39.55 E-value: 2.31e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTE----MNGQYCSSR 243
Cdd:cd12582   3 IFVGGIKEDTEEYHLRDYFEK-YGKIETIEVMEDRQSGKKRGFAFVTFDDHDTVDKIVVQkyhtINGHNCEVK 74

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic RNA-binding protein 18 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM18, a putative RNA-binding protein containing a well-conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). The biological role of RBM18 remains unclear.

Pssm-ID: 409791 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 39.59 E-value: 2.34e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNK---QNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGA 144
Cdd:cd12355   2 LWIGNLDPRLTEYHLLKLLSKYGKIKKFDFLFHKtgpLKGQPRGYCFVTFETKEEAEKAIECLNGK 67

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) and 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein 5 (RBM5) and similar proteins; This subfamily includes the RRM1 and RRM2 of RNA-binding protein 5 (RBM5 or LUCA15 or H37) and RNA-binding protein 10 (RBM10 or S1-1), and the RRM2 of RNA-binding protein 6 (RBM6 or NY-LU-12 or g16 or DEF-3). These RBMs share high sequence homology and may play an important role in regulating apoptosis. RBM5 is a known modulator of apoptosis. It may also act as a tumor suppressor or an RNA splicing factor. RBM6 has been predicted to be a nuclear factor based on its nuclear localization signal. Both, RBM6 and RBM5, specifically bind poly(G) RNA. RBM10 is a paralog of RBM5. It may play an important role in mRNA generation, processing and degradation in several cell types. The rat homolog of human RBM10 is protein S1-1, a hypothetical RNA binding protein with poly(G) and poly(U) binding capabilities. All family members contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), two C2H2-type zinc fingers, and a G-patch/D111 domain.

Pssm-ID: 409752 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 39.56 E-value: 2.51e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 171 PEHTVFVGDLAPDVT-DHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12313   1 PTNVLILRGLDVLTTeEDILSALQAHADLPIKDVRLIRDKLTGTSRGFAFVEFSSLEDATQVMDALQN 68

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in La-related protein 7 (LARP7) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of LARP7, also termed La ribonucleoprotein domain family member 7, or P-TEFb-interaction protein for 7SK stability (PIP7S), an oligopyrimidine-binding protein that binds to the highly conserved 3'-terminal U-rich stretch (3' -UUU-OH) of 7SK RNA. LARP7 is a stable component of the 7SK small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (7SK snRNP). It intimately associates with all the nuclear 7SK and is required for 7SK stability. LARP7 also acts as a negative transcriptional regulator of cellular and viral polymerase II genes, acting by means of the 7SK snRNP system. It plays an essential role in the inhibition of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb)-dependent transcription, which has been linked to the global control of cell growth and tumorigenesis. LARP7 contains a La motif (LAM) and an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), at the N-terminal region, which mediates binding to the U-rich 3' terminus of 7SK RNA. LARP7 also carries another putative RRM domain at its C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409732 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 39.23 E-value: 2.59e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP----AGKRCG--FVQYANRACAEQALSVLN 334
Cdd:cd12290   1 TVYVELLPKNATHEWIEAVFSKYGEVVYVSIPryksTGDPKGfaFIEFETSESAQKAVKHFN 62

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast meiotic activator RIM4 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RIM4, also termed regulator of IME2 protein 4, a putative RNA binding protein that is expressed at elevated levels early in meiosis. It functions as a meiotic activator required for both the IME1- and IME2-dependent pathways of meiotic gene expression, as well as early events of meiosis, such as meiotic division and recombination, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RIM4 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The family also includes a putative RNA-binding protein termed multicopy suppressor of sporulation protein Msa1. It is a putative RNA-binding protein encoded by a novel gene, msa1, from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Msa1 may be involved in the inhibition of sexual differentiation by controlling the expression of Ste11-regulated genes, possibly through the pheromone-signaling pathway. Like RIM4, Msa1 also contains two RRMs, both of which are essential for the function of Msa1.

Pssm-ID: 409888 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 39.38 E-value: 2.70e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNdRTTGRSkGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12454   5 SIFVGQLDPKTTDSELFRRFSK-YGKIVDCKLIK-RPEPVN-AFAFLRFESEEAAEAAVEEENHSEFLNKQIR 74

glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 4; Provisional

Pssm-ID: 178680 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 144 Bit Score: 40.79 E-value: 2.95e-04

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906  277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC------GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:PLN03134  34 STKLFIGGLSWGTDDASLRDAFAHFGDVVDAKVIVDRETgrsrgfGFVNFNDEGAATAAISEMDGKELNGRHIRVN 109

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in CUGBP Elav-like family member CELF-1, CELF-2 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of CELF-1 (also termed BRUNOL-2, or CUG-BP1, or EDEN-BP) and CELF-2 (also termed BRUNOL-3, or ETR-3, or CUG-BP2, or NAPOR), both of which belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding proteins that have been implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and in the control of mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-1 is strongly expressed in all adult and fetal tissues tested. Human CELF-1 is a nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein that regulates multiple aspects of nuclear and cytoplasmic mRNA processing, with implications for onset of type 1 myotonic dystrophy (DM1), a neuromuscular disease associated with an unstable CUG triplet expansion in the 3'-UTR (3'-untranslated region) of the DMPK (myotonic dystrophy protein kinase) gene; it preferentially targets UGU-rich mRNA elements. It has been shown to bind to a Bruno response element, a cis-element involved in translational control of oskar mRNA in Drosophila, and share sequence similarity to Bruno, the Drosophila protein that mediates this process. The Xenopus homolog embryo deadenylation element-binding protein (EDEN-BP) mediates sequence-specific deadenylation of Eg5 mRNA. It specifically binds to the EDEN motif in the 3'-untranslated regions of maternal mRNAs and targets these mRNAs for deadenylation and translational repression. CELF-1 contain three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The two N-terminal RRMs of EDEN-BP are necessary for the interaction with EDEN as well as a part of the linker region (between RRM2 and RRM3). Oligomerization of EDEN-BP is required for specific mRNA deadenylation and binding. CELF-2 is expressed in all tissues at some level, but highest in brain, heart, and thymus. It has been implicated in the regulation of nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA processing events, including alternative splicing, RNA editing, stability and translation. CELF-2 shares high sequence identity with CELF-1, but shows different binding specificity; it binds preferentially to sequences with UG repeats and UGUU motifs. It has been shown to bind to a Bruno response element, a cis-element involved in translational control of oskar mRNA in Drosophila, and share sequence similarity to Bruno, the Drosophila protein that mediates this process. It also binds to the 3'-UTR of cyclooxygenase-2 messages, affecting both translation and mRNA stability, and binds to apoB mRNA, regulating its C to U editing. CELF-2 also contain three highly conserved RRMs. It binds to RNA via the first two RRMs, which are important for localization in the cytoplasm. The splicing activation or repression activity of CELF-2 on some specific substrates is mediated by RRM1/RRM2. Both, RRM1 and RRM2 of CELF-2, can activate cardiac troponin T (cTNT) exon 5 inclusion. In addition, CELF-2 possesses a typical arginine and lysine-rich nuclear localization signal (NLS) in the C-terminus, within RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 241082 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 92 Bit Score: 39.66 E-value: 2.98e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 275 PTNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC------GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12638   5 PEGANLFIYHLPQEFGDQDILQMFMPFGNVVSAKVFIDKQTnlskcfGFVSYDNPVSAQAAIQAMNGFQIGMKRLKVQLK 84


                ....*...
gi 18416906 349 RSPSNKQT 356
Cdd:cd12638  85 RSKNDSKP 92

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (hnRNP C)-related proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM in the hnRNP C-related protein family, including hnRNP C proteins, Raly, and Raly-like protein (RALYL). hnRNP C proteins, C1 and C2, are produced by a single coding sequence. They are the major constituents of the heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complex in vertebrates. They bind hnRNA tightly, suggesting a central role in the formation of the ubiquitous hnRNP complex; they are involved in the packaging of the hnRNA in the nucleus and in processing of pre-mRNA such as splicing and 3'-end formation. Raly, also termed autoantigen p542, is an RNA-binding protein that may play a critical role in embryonic development. The biological role of RALYL remains unclear. It shows high sequence homology with hnRNP C proteins and Raly. Members of this family are characterized by an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal auxiliary domain. The Raly proteins contain a glycine/serine-rich stretch within the C-terminal regions, which is absent in the hnRNP C proteins. Thus, the Raly proteins represent a newly identified class of evolutionarily conserved autoepitopes.

Pssm-ID: 409778 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 68 Bit Score: 38.77 E-value: 3.09e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 280 IFVG--AVDQsVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKrcGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12341   3 IFVGnlPTDQ-MTKEDLEEIFSKYGKILGISLHKGY--GFVQFDNEEDARAAVAGENGRTIKGQRL 65

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in yeast multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of MRD1 which is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). MRD1 is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. It contains 5 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

Pssm-ID: 241012 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 38.91 E-value: 3.25e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12568   1 TTILVKNFPYGTTAEELRDLFEPHGKLTRVLMPPAGTIAIVEFANPQQARLAFKALAYRRFKDSILYLEKG 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen R (HuR); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of HuR, also termed ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAV-1), the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Like other Hu proteins, HuR contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410166 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 39.12 E-value: 3.33e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 197 YSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQY--CSSRPMRTGPAAN 252
Cdd:cd12773  24 FGRIINSRVLVDQATGLSRGVAFIRFDKRSEAEEAITNFNGHKppGSSEPITVKFAAN 81

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in plant polypyrimidine tract-binding protein homolog 3 (PTBPH3); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of PTBPH3. Although its biological roles remain unclear, PTBPH3 shows significant sequence similarity to polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) that is an important negative regulator of alternative splicing in mammalian cells and also functions at several other aspects of mRNA metabolism, including mRNA localization, stabilization, polyadenylation, and translation. Like PTB, PTBPH3 contains four RNA recognition motifs (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 410098 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 38.88 E-value: 3.34e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 286 DQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKR-CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12698  11 PEKVDVDKLFNLFSLYGNIVRIKILRNKPdHALIQMSDPFQAELAVNYLKGAMLFGKSLEVN 72

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in nucleolysin TIAR and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of nucleolysin TIAR, also termed TIA-1-related protein, and a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein that shows high sequence similarity with 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (p40-TIA-1). TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. TIAR possesses nucleolytic activity against cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. It can trigger DNA fragmentation in permeabilized thymocytes, and thus may function as an effector responsible for inducing apoptosis. TIAR is composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. It interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 410028 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 39.30 E-value: 3.34e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG----FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSPSNK 354
Cdd:cd12616   1 TLYVGNLSRDVTEVLILQLFSQIGPCKSCKMITEHTSNdpycFVEFYEHRDAAAALAAMNGRKILGKEVKVNWATTPSSQ 80


                .
gi 18416906 355 Q 355
Cdd:cd12616  81 K 81

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast nucleolar protein 3 (Npl3p) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of Npl3p, also termed mitochondrial targeting suppressor 1 protein, or nuclear polyadenylated RNA-binding protein 1. Npl3p is a major yeast RNA-binding protein that competes with 3'-end processing factors, such as Rna15, for binding to the nascent RNA, protecting the transcript from premature termination and coordinating transcription termination and the packaging of the fully processed transcript for export. It specifically recognizes a class of G/U-rich RNAs. Npl3p is a multi-domain protein containing two central RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), separated by a short linker and a C-terminal domain rich in glycine, arginine and serine residues.

Pssm-ID: 409777 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 69 Bit Score: 38.92 E-value: 3.34e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRttgrskGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRT 247
Cdd:cd12340   3 FVRPFPPDTSESAIREIFSP-YGPVKEVKMLSDS------NFAFVEFEELEDAIRAKDSVHGRVLNNEPLYV 67

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen D (HuD); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of HuD, also termed ELAV-like protein 4 (ELAV-4), or paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen HuD, one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuD has been implicated in various aspects of neuronal function, such as the commitment and differentiation of neuronal precursors as well as synaptic remodeling in mature neurons. HuD also functions as an important regulator of mRNA expression in neurons by interacting with AU-rich RNA element (ARE) and stabilizing multiple transcripts. Moreover, HuD regulates the nuclear processing/stability of N-myc pre-mRNA in neuroblastoma cells and also regulates the neurite elongation and morphological differentiation. HuD specifically binds poly(A) RNA. Like other Hu proteins, HuD contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410167 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 39.32 E-value: 3.36e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQycssrpmrtGPAANKK 254
Cdd:cd12774   8 LYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQ-YGRIITSRILVDQVTGVSRGVGFIRFDKRIEAEEAIKGLNGQ---------KPSGATE 77


                ....*..
gi 18416906 255 PLTMQPA 261
Cdd:cd12774  78 PITVKFA 84

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in ist3 family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of the ist3 family that includes fungal U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) component increased sodium tolerance protein 3 (ist3), X-linked 2 RNA-binding motif proteins (RBMX2) found in Metazoa and plants, and similar proteins. Gene IST3 encoding ist3, also termed U2 snRNP protein SNU17 (Snu17p), is a novel yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein required for the first catalytic step of splicing and for progression of spliceosome assembly. It binds specifically to the U2 snRNP and is an intrinsic component of prespliceosomes and spliceosomes. Yeast ist3 contains an atypical RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). In the yeast pre-mRNA retention and splicing complex, the atypical RRM of ist3 functions as a scaffold that organizes the other two constituents, Bud13p (bud site selection 13) and Pml1p (pre-mRNA leakage 1). Fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe gene cwf29 encoding ist3, also termed cell cycle control protein cwf29, is an RNA-binding protein complexed with cdc5 protein 29. It also contains one RRM. The biological function of RBMX2 remains unclear. It shows high sequence similarity to yeast ist3 protein and harbors one RRM as well.

Pssm-ID: 409845 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 89 Bit Score: 39.11 E-value: 3.42e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12411  12 IYIGGLPYELTEGDILCVF-SQYGEIVDINLVRDKKTGKSKGFAFLAYEDQRSTILAVDNLNGIKLLGRTIR 82

RNA recognition motif in yeast ribosome biogenesis protein 15 (Nop15p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of Nop15p, also termed nucleolar protein 15, which is encoded by YNL110C from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and localizes to the nucleoplasm and nucleolus. Nop15p has been identified as a component of a pre-60S particle. It interacts with RNA components of the early pre-60S particles. Furthermore, Nop15p binds directly to a pre-rRNA transcript in vitro and is required for pre-rRNA processing. It functions as a ribosome synthesis factor required for the 5' to 3' exonuclease digestion that generates the 5' end of the major, short form of the 5.8S rRNA as well as for processing of 27SB to 7S pre-rRNA. Nop15p also play a specific role in cell cycle progression. Nop15p contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409968 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 39.08 E-value: 3.48e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC------GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQ 341
Cdd:cd12552   1 IIYVSHLPHGFHEKELKKYFAQFGDLKNVRLARSKKTgnskhyGFLEFVNPEDAMIAQKSMNNYLLMGK 69

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen R (HuR); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuR, also termed ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAV-1), the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Like other Hu proteins, HuR contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410056 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 39.27 E-value: 3.56e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAANK 253
Cdd:cd12653   5 IFIYNLGQDADEGILWQMF-GPFGAVTNVKVIRDFNTNKCKGFGFVTMTNYEEAAMAIASLNGYRLGDKILQVSFKTNK 82

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 35 kDa protein (U11/U12-35K) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of U11/U12-35K, also termed protein HM-1, or U1 snRNP-binding protein homolog, and is one of the components of the U11/U12 snRNP, which is a subunit of the minor (U12-dependent) spliceosome required for splicing U12-type nuclear pre-mRNA introns. U11/U12-35K is highly conserved among bilateria and plants, but lacks in some organisms, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans. Moreover, U11/U12-35K shows significant sequence homology to U1 snRNP-specific 70 kDa protein (U1-70K or snRNP70). It contains a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by an adjacent glycine-rich region, and Arg-Asp and Arg-Glu dipeptide repeats rich domain, making U11/U12-35K a possible functional analog of U1-70K. It may facilitate 5' splice site recognition in the minor spliceosome and play a role in exon bridging, interacting with components of the major spliceosome bound to the pyrimidine tract of an upstream U2-type intron. The family corresponds to the RRM of U11/U12-35K that may directly contact the U11 or U12 snRNA through the RRM domain.

Pssm-ID: 409683 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 94 Bit Score: 39.24 E-value: 3.58e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 274 DPTNTtIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVK----IPAG--KRCGFVQY 320
Cdd:cd12237   2 DPRLT-LFVGRLSLQTTEEKLKEVFSRYGDIRRLRlvrdIVTGfsKRYAFIEY 53

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in splicing regulatory glutamine/lysine-rich protein 1 (SREK1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of SREK1, also termed serine/arginine-rich-splicing regulatory protein 86-kDa (SRrp86), or splicing factor arginine/serine-rich 12 (SFRS12), or splicing regulatory protein 508 amino acid (SRrp508). SREK1 belongs to a family of proteins containing regions rich in serine-arginine dipeptides (SR proteins family), which is involved in bridge-complex formation and splicing by mediating protein-protein interactions across either introns or exons. It is a unique SR family member and it may play a crucial role in determining tissue specific patterns of alternative splicing. SREK1 can alter splice site selection by both positively and negatively modulating the activity of other SR proteins. For instance, SREK1 can activate SRp20 and repress SC35 in a dose-dependent manner both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, SREK1 contains two (some contain only one) RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and two serine-arginine (SR)-rich domains (SR domains) separated by an unusual glutamic acid-lysine (EK) rich region. The RRM and SR domains are highly conserved among other members of the SR superfamily. However, the EK domain is unique to SREK1. It plays a modulatory role controlling SR domain function by involvement in the inhibition of both constitutive and alternative splicing and in the selection of splice-site.

Pssm-ID: 409705 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 39.21 E-value: 3.75e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTtgRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTeMNGQYCSSRPM 245
Cdd:cd12260   6 TVYVGNLDPSTTADQLLEFFSQA-GEVKYVRMAGDET--QPTRYAFVEFAEQTSVINALK-LNGKMFGGRPL 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D-like (hnRNP D-like or hnRNP DL) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of hnRNP DL (or hnRNP D-like), also termed AU-rich element RNA-binding factor, or JKT41-binding protein (protein laAUF1 or JKTBP), which is a dual functional protein that possesses DNA- and RNA-binding properties. It has been implicated in mRNA biogenesis at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. hnRNP DL binds single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in a non-sequencespecific manner, and interacts with poly(G) and poly(A) tenaciously. It contains two putative two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glycine- and tyrosine-rich C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 410152 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 38.80 E-value: 3.76e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTEtFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADeSEQIRAMTEMN 236
Cdd:cd12758   2 MFIGGLSWDTSKKDLTE-YLSRFGEVVDCTIKTDPVTGRSRGFGFVLFKD-AASVDKVLELK 61

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in type I polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM4 of type I poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in theThe CD corresponds to the RRM. regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar proteins. PABP-1 is an ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in mammalian and may play an important role in the testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3 shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1. However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than PABP-1. Moreover, PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammalian, such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs, PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The family also includes the yeast PABP, a conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409815 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 38.79 E-value: 3.99e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNkQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12381   4 LYVKNLDDTIDDEKLREEFSPFGTITSAKVMTD-EGGRSKGFGFVCFSSPEEATKAVTEMNG 64

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM19, also termed RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), a nucleolar protein conserved in eukaryotes. It is involved in ribosome biogenesis by processing rRNA. In addition, it is essential for preimplantation development. RBM19 has a unique domain organization containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409980 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 38.83 E-value: 4.03e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 288 SVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGK--RCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12564  11 SITEDRLRKLFSAFGTITDVQLkytKDGKfrRFGFVGFKSEEEAQKALKHFNNSFIDTSRIT 72

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein HRB1, G-strand-binding protein 2 (GBP2) and similar proteins; The family includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein HRB1 (also called protein TOM34) and GBP2, both of which are SR-like mRNA-binding proteins which shuttle from the nucleus to the cytoplasm when bound to the mature mRNA molecules. They act as quality control factors for spliced mRNAs. GBP2, also called RAP1 localization factor 6, is a single-strand telomeric DNA-binding protein that binds single-stranded telomeric sequences of the type (TG[1-3])n in vitro. It also binds to RNA. GBP2 influences the localization of RAP1 in the nuclei and plays a role in modulating telomere length. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410184 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 38.81 E-value: 4.22e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGkrCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd21605   1 ENSIFVGNLPFDCTWEDLKDHFSQVGEVIRADIvtsrgrHRG--MGTVEFTNKEDVDRAISKFDHTMFMGREI 71

RNA recognition motif 5 (RRM5) found in yeast multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM5 of MRD1 which is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). MRD1 is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. It contains 5 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

Pssm-ID: 241014 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 38.64 E-value: 4.24e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP-----AGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12570   1 TKILVKNLPFEATKKDVRTLFSSYGQLKSVRVPkkfdqSARGFAFVEFSTAKEALNAMNALKDTHLLGRRLVLQY 75

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTB or hnRNP I), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNP-L), and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTB or hnRNP I), polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 2 (PTBP2 or nPTB), regulator of differentiation 1 (Rod1), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNP-L), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L-like (hnRNP-LL), polypyrimidine tract-binding protein homolog 3 (PTBPH3), polypyrimidine tract-binding protein homolog 1 and 2 (PTBPH1 and PTBPH2), and similar proteins, and RRM3 of PTBPH1 and PTBPH2. PTB is an important negative regulator of alternative splicing in mammalian cells and also functions at several other aspects of mRNA metabolism, including mRNA localization, stabilization, polyadenylation, and translation. PTBP2 is highly homologous to PTB and is perhaps specific to the vertebrates. Unlike PTB, PTBP2 is enriched in the brain and in some neural cell lines. It binds more stably to the downstream control sequence (DCS) RNA than PTB does but is a weaker repressor of splicing in vitro. PTBP2 also greatly enhances the binding of two other proteins, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) H and KH-type splicing-regulatory protein (KSRP), to the DCS RNA. The binding properties of PTBP2 and its reduced inhibitory activity on splicing imply roles in controlling the assembly of other splicing-regulatory proteins. Rod1 is a mammalian polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) homolog of a regulator of differentiation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, where the nrd1 gene encodes an RNA binding protein negatively regulates the onset of differentiation. ROD1 is predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells or organs. It might play a role controlling differentiation in mammals. hnRNP-L is a higher eukaryotic specific subunit of human KMT3a (also known as HYPB or hSet2) complex required for histone H3 Lys-36 trimethylation activity. It plays both, nuclear and cytoplasmic, roles in mRNA export of intronless genes, IRES-mediated translation, mRNA stability, and splicing. hnRNP-LL protein plays a critical and unique role in the signal-induced regulation of CD45 and acts as a global regulator of alternative splicing in activated T cells. This family also includes polypyrimidine tract binding protein homolog 3 (PTBPH3) found in plant. Although its biological roles remain unclear, PTBPH3 shows significant sequence similarity to other family members, all of which contain four RNA recognition motifs (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). Although their biological roles remain unclear, both PTBPH1 and PTBPH2 show significant sequence similarity to PTB. However, in contrast to PTB, they have three RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409856 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 39.09 E-value: 4.24e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 285 VDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGElVHvKI---PAGKR-CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSPSNK 354
Cdd:cd12422   9 LLYPVTVDVLHQVFSPYGA-VE-KIvifEKGTGvQALVQFDSVESAEAAKKALNGRNIYDGCCTLDIQFSRLKE 80

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein 26 (RBM26) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM26, also known as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) tumor antigen se70-2, which represents a cutaneous lymphoma (CL)-associated antigen. RBM26 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The RRMs may play some functional roles in RNA-binding or protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409703 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 38.43 E-value: 4.38e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 292 DDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQAlsVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12258  19 DDLLPHFAQFGEVEDVQVDEEGLHLIITFKTRKEAEIA--AVHGARFKGQSLQLAW 72

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of hnRNP M, a pre-mRNA binding protein that may play an important role in the pre-mRNA processing. It also preferentially binds to poly(G) and poly(U) RNA homopolymers. Moreover, hnRNP M is able to interact with early spliceosomes, further influencing splicing patterns of specific pre-mRNAs. hnRNP M functions as the receptor of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that contains the penta-peptide sequence PELPK signaling motif. In addition, hnRNP M and another splicing factor Nova-1 work together as dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) pre-mRNA-binding proteins. They regulate alternative splicing of D2R pre-mRNA in an antagonistic manner. hnRNP M contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an unusual hexapeptide-repeat region rich in methionine and arginine residues (MR repeat motif).

Pssm-ID: 410062 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 38.70 E-value: 4.50e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVH--VKIPAGKR--CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12661   2 IFVRNLPFDFTWKMLKDKFNECGHVLYadIKMENGKSkgCGVVRFESPEVAERACRMMNGIKLNGREI 69

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein HRB1, G-strand-binding protein 2 (GBP2) and similar proteins; The family includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein HRB1 (also called protein TOM34) and GBP2, both of which are SR-like mRNA-binding proteins which shuttle from the nucleus to the cytoplasm when bound to the mature mRNA molecules. They act as quality control factors for spliced mRNAs. GBP2, also called RAP1 localization factor 6, is a single-strand telomeric DNA-binding protein that binds single-stranded telomeric sequences of the type (TG[1-3])n in vitro. It also binds to RNA. GBP2 influences the localization of RAP1 in the nuclei and plays a role in modulating telomere length. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the second RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410185 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 38.50 E-value: 4.67e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd21606   4 VFIANLPYSINWQALKDMFKE-CGDVLRADVELDYN-GRSRGFGTVIYATEEEMHRAIDTFNG 64

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the VICKZ family proteins; Thid subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of IGF2BPs (or IMPs) found in the VICKZ family that have been implicated in the post-transcriptional regulation of several different RNAs and in subcytoplasmic localization of mRNAs during embryogenesis. IGF2BPs are composed of two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and four hnRNP K homology (KH) domains.

Pssm-ID: 240804 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 38.51 E-value: 4.83e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNdrttgrsKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGPAANKK 254
Cdd:cd12358   2 YIGNLSSDVNESDLRQLFEEHKIPVSSVLVKK-------GGYAFVDCPDQSWADKAIEKLNGKILQGKVIEVEHSVPKK 73

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNP A2/B1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A2/B1, an RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE). Many mRNAs, such as myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin-associated oligodendrocytic basic protein (MOBP), carboxyanhydrase II (CAII), microtubule-associated protein tau, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) are trafficked by hnRNP A2/B1. hnRNP A2/B1 also functions as a splicing factor that regulates alternative splicing of the tumor suppressors, such as BIN1, WWOX, the antiapoptotic proteins c-FLIP and caspase-9B, the insulin receptor (IR), and the RON proto-oncogene among others. Overexpression of hnRNP A2/B1 has been described in many cancers. It functions as a nuclear matrix protein involving in RNA synthesis and the regulation of cellular migration through alternatively splicing pre-mRNA. It may play a role in tumor cell differentiation. hnRNP A2/B1 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409995 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 38.81 E-value: 4.95e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906  80 RSLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAER-NLQTYN 142
Cdd:cd12581   1 KKLFVGGIKEDTEEHHLRDYFEEYGKIDTIEIITDRQSGKKRGFGFVTFDDHDPVDKiVLQKYH 64

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein 11 (RBM11); This subfamily corresponds to the RRM or RBM11, a novel tissue-specific splicing regulator that is selectively expressed in brain, cerebellum and testis, and to a lower extent in kidney. RBM11 is localized in the nucleoplasm and enriched in SRSF2-containing splicing speckles. It may play a role in the modulation of alternative splicing during neuron and germ cell differentiation. RBM11 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a region lacking known homology at the C-terminus. The RRM of RBM11 is responsible for RNA binding, whereas the C-terminal region permits nuclear localization and homodimerization.

Pssm-ID: 410006 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 38.63 E-value: 4.95e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12593   3 TVFVGNLHSNVNEEILYELFLQA-GPLTKVTIAKDKE-GKPKSFGFVCFKHAESVPYAIALLNGIRLYGRPIK 73

RNA recognition motif 6 (RRM6) found in RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19 or RBD-1) and RNA recognition motif 5 (RRM5) found in multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1); This subfamily corresponds to the RRM6 of RBM19 and RRM5 of MRD1. RBM19, also termed RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), is a nucleolar protein conserved in eukaryotes. It is involved in ribosome biogenesis by processing rRNA and is essential for preimplantation development. It has a unique domain organization containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). MRD1 is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). It is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5 conserved RRMs, which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

Pssm-ID: 409759 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 38.37 E-value: 5.13e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 289 VTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAgKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12320  12 ATRKEIRELFSPFGQLKSVRLPK-KFDGshrgfaFVEFVTKQEAQNAMEALKSTHLYGRHLVLEY 75

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen C (HuC); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuC, also termed ELAV-like protein 3 (ELAV-3), or paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen, or paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis antigen 21 (PLE21), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. Like other Hu proteins, HuC contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). The AU-rich element binding of HuC can be inhibited by flavonoids. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410057 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 38.88 E-value: 5.27e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12655   4 IFVYNLSPEADESVLWQLFGPFGAVTNVKVIRDFTTNKCKGFGFVTMTNYDEAAMAIASLNG 65

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in transformer-2 protein homolog alpha (TRA-2 alpha) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of TRA2-alpha or TRA-2-alpha, also termed transformer-2 protein homolog A, a mammalian homolog of Drosophila transformer-2 (Tra2). TRA2-alpha is a 40-kDa serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein (SRp40) that specifically binds to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) exonic splicing enhancer on exon 4 (ESE4) and is necessary for enhanced GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. It strongly stimulates GnRH intron A excision in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, TRA2-alpha can interact with either 9G8 or SRp30c, which may also be crucial for ESE-dependent GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. TRA2-alpha contains a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), flanked by the N- and C-terminal arginine/serine (RS)-rich regions.

Pssm-ID: 410047 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 38.82 E-value: 5.29e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 171 PEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12642   3 PNTCLGVFGLSLYTTERDLREVF-SRYGPLAGVNVVYDQRTGRSRGFAFVYFERIDDSKEAMERANGMELDGRRIR 77

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in the U1A/U2B"/SNF protein family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of U1A/U2B"/SNF protein family, containing Drosophila sex determination protein SNF and its two mammalian counterparts, U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein A (U1 snRNP A or U1-A or U1A) and U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein B" (U2 snRNP B" or U2B"), all of which consist of two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) connected by a variable, flexible linker. SNF is an RNA-binding protein found in the U1 and U2 snRNPs of Drosophila where it is essential in sex determination and possesses a novel dual RNA binding specificity. SNF binds with high affinity to both Drosophila U1 snRNA stem-loop II (SLII) and U2 snRNA stem-loop IV (SLIV). It can also bind to poly(U) RNA tracts flanking the alternatively spliced Sex-lethal (Sxl) exon, as does Drosophila Sex-lethal protein (SXL). U1A is an RNA-binding protein associated with the U1 snRNP, a small RNA-protein complex involved in pre-mRNA splicing. U1A binds with high affinity and specificity to stem-loop II (SLII) of U1 snRNA. It is predominantly a nuclear protein that shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm independently of interactions with U1 snRNA. Moreover, U1A may be involved in RNA 3'-end processing, specifically cleavage, splicing and polyadenylation, through interacting with a large number of non-snRNP proteins. U2B", initially identified to bind to stem-loop IV (SLIV) at the 3' end of U2 snRNA, is a unique protein that comprises of the U2 snRNP. Additional research indicates U2B" binds to U1 snRNA stem-loop II (SLII) as well and shows no preference for SLIV or SLII on the basis of binding affinity. U2B" does not require an auxiliary protein for binding to RNA and its nuclear transport is independent on U2 snRNA binding.

Pssm-ID: 409693 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 38.31 E-value: 5.62e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 171 PEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVndrttgRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12247   1 PNKILFLQNLPEETTKEMLEMLFNQ-FPGFKEVRLV------PRRGIAFVEFETEEQATVALQALQG 60

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19) and RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1); This subfamily corresponds to the RRM4 of RBM19 and the RRM3 of MRD1. RBM19, also termed RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), is a nucleolar protein conserved in eukaryotes involved in ribosome biogenesis by processing rRNA and is essential for preimplantation development. It has a unique domain organization containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). MRD1 is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well conserved in yeast and its homologues exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). MRD1 is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. MRD1 contains 5 conserved RRMs, which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

Pssm-ID: 409756 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 38.01 E-value: 5.69e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12317   1 TVILVKNLPFGATEEELRELFEKFGTLGRLLLPPSRTIALVEFLEPQDARRAFKKLAYKRFKHVPLYLEWA 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A0 (hnRNP A0) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A0, a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. It has been identified as the substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may be involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced post-transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A0 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409993 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 38.28 E-value: 5.71e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAER 136
Cdd:cd12579   2 LFVGGLKGDVGEGDLVEHFSQFGTVEKVEVIADKDTGKKRGFGFVYFEDHDSADK 56

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in plant flowering time control protein FCA and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of FCA, a gene controlling flowering time in Arabidopsis, which encodes a flowering time control protein that functions in the posttranscriptional regulation of transcripts involved in the flowering process. The flowering time control protein FCA contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a WW protein interaction domain.

Pssm-ID: 410045 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 38.52 E-value: 5.74e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYC---SSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12637   3 FVGSLPKTATEQEVRDLFEA-YGEVEEVYLMKDPVTQQGTGCAFVKFAYKEEALAAIRSLNGTVTfdgCSRPVE 75

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 10 (SRSF10) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of SRSF10, also termed 40 kDa SR-repressor protein (SRrp40), or FUS-interacting serine-arginine-rich protein 1 (FUSIP1), or splicing factor SRp38, or splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 13A (SFRS13A), or TLS-associated protein with Ser-Arg repeats (TASR). SRSF10 is a serine-arginine (SR) protein that acts as a potent and general splicing repressor when dephosphorylated. It mediates global inhibition of splicing both in M phase of the cell cycle and in response to heat shock. SRSF10 emerges as a modulator of cholesterol homeostasis through the regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) splicing efficiency. It also regulates cardiac-specific alternative splicing of triadin pre-mRNA and is required for proper Ca2+ handling during embryonic heart development. In contrast, the phosphorylated SRSF10 functions as a sequence-specific splicing activator in the presence of a nuclear cofactor. It activates distal alternative 5' splice site of adenovirus E1A pre-mRNA in vivo. Moreover, SRSF10 strengthens pre-mRNA recognition by U1 and U2 snRNPs. SRSF10 localizes to the nuclear speckles and can shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm. It contains a single N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by a C-terminal RS domain rich in serine-arginine dipeptides.

Pssm-ID: 409975 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 95 Bit Score: 38.89 E-value: 5.79e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 275 PTNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAG------KRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12559   3 PPNTSLFVRNVADDTRSEDLRREFGRYGPIVDVYVPLDfytrrpRGFAYVQFEDVRDAEDALHNLDRKWICGRQIEIQFA 82


                .
gi 18416906 349 R 349
Cdd:cd12559  83 Q 83

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Q (hnRNP Q); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of hnRNP Q, also termed glycine- and tyrosine-rich RNA-binding protein (GRY-RBP), or NS1-associated protein 1 (NASP1), or synaptotagmin-binding, cytoplasmic RNA-interacting protein (SYNCRIP). It is a ubiquitously expressed nuclear RNA-binding protein identified as a component of the spliceosome complex, as well as a component of the apobec-1 editosome. As an alternatively spliced version of NSAP, it acts as an interaction partner of a multifunctional protein required for viral replication, and is implicated in the regulation of specific mRNA transport. hnRNP Q has also been identified as SYNCRIP that is a dual functional protein participating in both viral RNA replication and translation. As a synaptotagmin-binding protein, hnRNP Q plays a putative role in organelle-based mRNA transport along the cytoskeleton. Moreover, hnRNP Q has been found in protein complexes involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover and mRNA splicing. It functions as a wild-type survival motor neuron (SMN)-binding protein that may participate in pre-mRNA splicing and modulate mRNA transport along microtubuli. hnRNP Q contains an acidic auxiliary N-terminal region, followed by two well defined and one degenerated RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal RGG motif; hnRNP Q binds RNA through its RRM domains.

Pssm-ID: 409918 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 38.05 E-value: 5.93e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDrttgrskgYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPM 245
Cdd:cd12495   4 LFVRNLANTVTEEILEKAF-SQFGKLERVKKLKD--------YAFIHFDERDGAVKAMDEMNGKDLEGENI 65

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen D (HuD); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuD, also termed ELAV-like protein 4 (ELAV-4), or paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen HuD, one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuD has been implicated in various aspects of neuronal function, such as the commitment and differentiation of neuronal precursors as well as synaptic remodeling in mature neurons. HuD also functions as an important regulator of mRNA expression in neurons by interacting with AU-rich RNA element (ARE) and stabilizing multiple transcripts. Moreover, HuD regulates the nuclear processing/stability of N-myc pre-mRNA in neuroblastoma cells. And it also regulates the neurite elongation and morphological differentiation. HuD specifically bound poly(A) RNA. Like other Hu proteins, HuD contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 241100 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 86 Bit Score: 38.53 E-value: 6.29e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12656   6 IFVYNLSPDSDESVLWQLFGPFGAVNNVKVIRDFNTNKCKGFGFVTMTNYDEAAMAIASLNG 67

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of TIA-1, the 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1) and a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein mainly found in the granules of cytotoxic lymphocytes. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis, and functions as the granule component responsible for inducing apoptosis in cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) targets. It is composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 410027 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 38.09 E-value: 6.32e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNgySEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSSEqaFRLNWA 158
Cdd:cd12615   1 TLYVGNLSRDVTEALILQLFSQIGPCKNCKMIMDTAG--NDPYCFVEFHEHRHAAAALAAMNGRKIMGKE--VKVNWA 74

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found found in vertebrate ribonucleoprotein PTB-binding 1 (raver-1); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of raver-1, a ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that serves as a co-repressor of the nucleoplasmic splicing repressor polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB)-directed splicing of select mRNAs. It shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and can accumulate in the perinucleolar compartment, a dynamic nuclear substructure that harbors PTB. Raver-1 also modulates focal adhesion assembly by binding to the cytoskeletal proteins, including alpha-actinin, vinculin, and metavinculin (an alternatively spliced isoform of vinculin) at adhesion complexes, particularly in differentiated muscle tissue. Raver-1 contains three N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), two putative nuclear localization signals (NLS) at the N- and C-termini, a central leucine-rich region, and a C-terminal region harboring two PTB-binding [SG][IL]LGxxP motifs. Raver1 binds to PTB through the PTB-binding motifs at its C-terminal half, and binds to other partners, such as RNA having the sequence UCAUGCAGUCUG, through its N-terminal RRMs. Interestingly, the 12-nucleotide RNA having the sequence UCAUGCAGUCUG with micromolar affinity is found in vinculin mRNA. Additional research indicates that the RRM1 of raver-1 directs its interaction with the tail domain of activated vinculin. Then the raver1/vinculin tail (Vt) complex binds to vinculin mRNA, which is permissive for vinculin binding to F-actin.

Pssm-ID: 410066 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 38.37 E-value: 6.75e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 177 VGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPM 245
Cdd:cd12665   4 IANLPPSYTQQQFEELVRP-FGNLERCFLVYSETTGHSKGYGFVEYMKKDSAARAKSDLLGKQLGTRTL 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen B (HuB); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of HuB, also termed ELAV-like protein 2 (ELAV-2), or ELAV-like neuronal protein 1, or nervous system-specific RNA-binding protein Hel-N1 (Hel-N1), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. It is up-regulated during neuronal differentiation of embryonic carcinoma P19 cells. Like other Hu proteins, HuB contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410168 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 38.55 E-value: 6.82e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQycssrpmrtGPAANKK 254
Cdd:cd12775   8 LYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQ-YGRIITSRILVDQVTGVSRGVGFIRFDKRIEAEEAIKGLNGQ---------KPPGATE 77


                ....*..
gi 18416906 255 PLTMQPA 261
Cdd:cd12775  78 PITVKFA 84

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in chloroplastic plastid-specific 30S ribosomal protein 2 (PSRP-2) and similar proteins; PSRP-2, also called chloroplastic 30S ribosomal protein 2, or chloroplastic small ribosomal subunit protein cS22, is a component of the chloroplast ribosome (chloro-ribosome), a dedicated translation machinery responsible for the synthesis of chloroplast genome-encoded proteins, including proteins of the transcription and translation machinery and components of the photosynthetic apparatus. It binds single strand DNA (ssDNA) and RNA in vitro. It exhibits RNA chaperone activity and regulates negatively resistance responses to abiotic stresses during seed germination (e.g. salt, dehydration, and low temperature) and seedling growth (e.g. salt). The family also includes Nicotiana sylvestris chloroplastic 33 kDa ribonucleoprotein (NsCP33) and Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic 31 kDa ribonucleoprotein (AtCP31A). NsCP33 may be involved in splicing and/or processing of chloroplast RNA's. AtCP31A, also called RNA-binding protein 1/2/3 (AtRBP33), or RNA-binding protein CP31A, or RNA-binding protein RNP-T, or RNA-binding protein cp31, is required for specific RNA editing events in chloroplasts and stabilizes specific chloroplast mRNAs, as well as for normal chloroplast development under cold stress conditions by stabilizing transcripts of numerous mRNAs under these conditions. CP31A may modulate telomere replication through RNA binding domains. Members in this family contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410188 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 38.17 E-value: 6.84e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGK------RCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSP 351
Cdd:cd21609   2 LYVGNIPRNVTSEELAKIFEEAGTVEIAEVMYDRytgrsrGFGFVTMGSVEDAKAAIEKLNGTEVGGREIKVNITEKP 79

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in nucleolysin TIA-1 isoform p40 (p40-TIA-1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of TIA-1, the 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1) and a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein mainly found in the granules of cytotoxic lymphocytes. TIA-1 can be phosphorylated by a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during Fas-mediated apoptosis, and functions as the granule component responsible for inducing apoptosis in cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) targets. It is composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. TIA-1 interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 410027 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 38.09 E-value: 7.32e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKR--CgFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12615   1 TLYVGNLSRDVTEALILQLFSQIGPCKNCKMimdTAGNDpyC-FVEFHEHRHAAAALAAMNGRKIMGKEVKVNWA 74

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of MRD1 which is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). MRD1 is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. It contains 5 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

Pssm-ID: 409981 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 37.93 E-value: 7.60e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906  87 LQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQnGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSS 149
Cdd:cd12565   8 LPKYVTEKRLKEHFSKKGEITDVKVMRTKD-GKSRRFGFIGFKSEEEAQKAVKYFNKTFIDTS 69

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in tRNA selenocysteine-associated protein 1 (SECp43); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of SECp43, an RNA-binding protein associated specifically with eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNA [tRNA(Sec)]. It may play an adaptor role in the mechanism of selenocysteine insertion. SECp43 is located primarily in the nucleus and contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal polar/acidic region.

Pssm-ID: 410022 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 38.07 E-value: 8.18e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGE-LVHVKI--------PAGKrcGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGG 340
Cdd:cd12610   1 SLWMGDLEPYMDENFIKRAFATMGEtVLSVKIirnrvtggPAGY--CFVEFADEATAERCLHKLNGKPIPG 69

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in Drosophila melanogaster Bruno protein and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of Bruno protein, a Drosophila RNA recognition motif (RRM)-containing protein that plays a central role in regulation of Oskar (Osk) expression. It mediates repression by binding to regulatory Bruno response elements (BREs) in the Osk mRNA 3' UTR. The full-length Bruno protein contains three RRMs, two located in the N-terminal half of the protein and the third near the C-terminus, separated by a linker region.

Pssm-ID: 241084 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 38.06 E-value: 8.20e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 170 GPEHT-VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12640   1 GPEGCnLFIYHLPQEFTDTDLAQTFLP-FGNVISAKVFIDKQTNLSKCFGFVSYDNPDSAQAAIQAMNG 68

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in splicing regulatory glutamine/lysine-rich protein 1 (SREK1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of SREK1, also termed serine/arginine-rich-splicing regulatory protein 86-kDa (SRrp86), or splicing factor arginine/serine-rich 12 (SFRS12), or splicing regulatory protein 508 amino acid (SRrp508). SREK1 belongs to a family of proteins containing regions rich in serine-arginine dipeptides (SR proteins family), which is involved in bridge-complex formation and splicing by mediating protein-protein interactions across either introns or exons. It is a unique SR family member and it may play a crucial role in determining tissue specific patterns of alternative splicing. SREK1 can alter splice site selection by both positively and negatively modulating the activity of other SR proteins. For instance, SREK1 can activate SRp20 and repress SC35 in a dose-dependent manner both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, SREK1 contains two (some contain only one) RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and two serine-arginine (SR)-rich domains (SR domains) separated by an unusual glutamic acid-lysine (EK) rich region. The RRM and SR domains are highly conserved among other members of the SR superfamily. However, the EK domain is unique to SREK1. It plays a modulatory role controlling SR domain function by involvement in the inhibition of both constitutive and alternative splicing and in the selection of splice-site.

Pssm-ID: 409705 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 38.06 E-value: 8.54e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIpAGK-----RCGFVQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12260   6 TVYVGNLDPSTTADQLLEFFSQAGEVKYVRM-AGDetqptRYAFVEFAEQTSVINALK-LNGKMFGGRPL 73

RNA recognition motif in nucleolar protein interacting with the FHA domain of pKI-67 (NIFK) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of NIFK and Nop15p. NIFK, also termed MKI67 FHA domain-interacting nucleolar phosphoprotein, or nucleolar phosphoprotein Nopp34, is a putative RNA-binding protein interacting with the forkhead associated (FHA) domain of pKi-67 antigen in a mitosis-specific and phosphorylation-dependent manner. It is nucleolar in interphase but associates with condensed mitotic chromosomes. This family also includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae YNL110C gene encoding ribosome biogenesis protein 15 (Nop15p), also termed nucleolar protein 15. Both, NIFK and Nop15p, contain an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409748 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 37.55 E-value: 8.66e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12307   2 VYIGHLPHGFYEPELRKYFSQFGTVTRLRLSRSKKTGKSKGYAFVEFEDPEVAKIVAETMNN 63

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in yeast cell wall integrity protein scw1 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of the family including yeast cell wall integrity protein scw1, yeast Whi3 protein, yeast Whi4 protein and similar proteins. The strong cell wall protein 1, scw1, is a nonessential cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein that regulates septation and cell-wall structure in fission yeast. It may function as an inhibitor of septum formation, such that its loss of function allows weak SIN signaling to promote septum formation. It's RRM domain shows high homology to two budding yeast proteins, Whi3 and Whi4. Whi3 is a dose-dependent modulator of cell size and has been implicated in cell cycle control in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It functions as a negative regulator of ceroid-lipofuscinosis, neuronal 3 (Cln3), a G1 cyclin that promotes transcription of many genes to trigger the G1/S transition in budding yeast. It specifically binds the CLN3 mRNA and localizes it into discrete cytoplasmic loci that may locally restrict Cln3 synthesis to modulate cell cycle progression. Moreover, Whi3 plays a key role in cell fate determination in budding yeast. The RRM domain is essential for Whi3 function. Whi4 is a partially redundant homolog of Whi3, also containing one RRM. Some uncharacterized family members of this subfamily contain two RRMs; their RRM1 shows high sequence homology to the RRM of RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing (RBP-MS)-like proteins.

Pssm-ID: 409691 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 37.99 E-value: 9.04e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 171 PEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkavySSVKGAKvvndRTTGRSKGYG---FVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSS 242
Cdd:cd12245   1 PCNTLFVANLGPNVSEQELRQLF----SRQPGFR----RLRMHNKGGGpvcFVEFEDVPFATQALNHLQGAILSS 67

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in the Hu proteins family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of the Hu proteins family which represent a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409811 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 37.68 E-value: 9.32e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPM 146
Cdd:cd12377   2 IFVYNLAPDADESLLWQLFGPFGAVQNVKIIRDFTTNKCKGYGFVTMTNYDEAAVAIASLNGYRL 66

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate nucleolin; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of ubiquitously expressed protein nucleolin, also termed protein C23, is a multifunctional major nucleolar phosphoprotein that has been implicated in various metabolic processes, such as ribosome biogenesis, cytokinesis, nucleogenesis, cell proliferation and growth, cytoplasmic-nucleolar transport of ribosomal components, transcriptional repression, replication, signal transduction, inducing chromatin decondensation, etc. Nucleolin exhibits intrinsic self-cleaving, DNA helicase, RNA helicase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities. It can be phosphorylated by many protein kinases, such as the major mitotic kinase Cdc2, casein kinase 2 (CK2), and protein kinase C-zeta. Nucleolin shares similar domain architecture with gar2 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe and NSR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated N-terminal domain of nucleolin is made up of highly acidic regions separated from each other by basic sequences, and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The central domain of nucleolin contains four closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which suggests that nucleolin is potentially able to interact with multiple RNA targets. The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of nucleolin is rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues, and contains high levels of NG,NG-dimethylarginines.

Pssm-ID: 409839 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 37.55 E-value: 9.33e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQfgeLVHVKIPA--GKRCG--FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12405   3 TLVVNNLSYSATEESLQSVFEK---ATSIRIPQnnGRPKGyaFVEFESVEDAKEALESCNNTEIEGRSIRL 70

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein G (hnRNP G), Y chromosome RNA recognition motif 1 (hRBMY), testis-specific heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein G-T (hnRNP G-T) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of hnRNP G, also termed glycoprotein p43 or RBMX, an RNA-binding motif protein located on the X chromosome. It is expressed ubiquitously and has been implicated in the splicing control of several pre-mRNAs. Moreover, hnRNP G may function as a regulator of transcription for SREBP-1c and GnRH1. Research has shown that hnRNP G may also act as a tumor-suppressor since it upregulates the Txnip gene and promotes the fidelity of DNA end-joining activity. In addition, hnRNP G appears to play a critical role in proper neural development of zebrafish and frog embryos. The family also includes several paralogs of hnRNP G, such as hRBMY and hnRNP G-T (also termed RNA-binding motif protein, X-linked-like-2). Both, hRBMY and hnRNP G-T, are exclusively expressed in testis and critical for male fertility. Like hnRNP G, hRBMY and hnRNP G-T interact with factors implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing, such as hTra2-beta1 and T-STAR. Although members in this family share a high conserved N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), they appear to recognize different RNA targets. For instance, hRBMY interacts specifically with a stem-loop structure in which the loop is formed by the sequence CA/UCAA. In contrast, hnRNP G associates with single stranded RNA sequences containing a CCA/C motif. In addition to the RRM, hnRNP G contains a nascent transcripts targeting domain (NTD) in the middle region and a novel auxiliary RNA-binding domain (RBD) in its C-terminal region. The C-terminal RBD exhibits distinct RNA binding specificity, and would play a critical role in the regulation of alternative splicing by hnRNP G.

Pssm-ID: 409816 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 37.77 E-value: 9.37e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPM 146
Cdd:cd12382   4 LFIGGLNTETNEKALEAVFGKYGRIVEVLLMKDRETNKSRGFAFVTFESPADAKDAARDMNGKEL 68

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast nuclear polyadenylated RNA-binding protein 4 (Hrp1p or Nab4p) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of Hrp1p and similar proteins. Hrp1p or Nab4p, also termed cleavage factor IB (CFIB), is a sequence-specific trans-acting factor that is essential for mRNA 3'-end formation in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It can be UV cross-linked to RNA and specifically recognizes the (UA)6 RNA element required for both, the cleavage and poly(A) addition, steps. Moreover, Hrp1p can shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and play an additional role in the export of mRNAs to the cytoplasm. Hrp1p also interacts with Rna15p and Rna14p, two components of CF1A. In addition, Hrp1p functions as a factor directly involved in modulating the activity of the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway. It binds specifically to a downstream sequence element (DSE)-containing RNA and interacts with Upf1p, a component of the surveillance complex, further triggering the NMD pathway. Hrp1p contains two central RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an arginine-glycine-rich region harboring repeats of the sequence RGGF/Y.

Pssm-ID: 409991 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 37.86 E-value: 9.46e-04

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAGKRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALS---VLNG 335
Cdd:cd12577   1 MFIGGLNWDTTEEGLRDYFSQFGTVVDCTImkdSATGRSrgfGFLTFEDPSSVNEVMKkehVLDG 65

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic RNA-binding protein RBM24, RBM38 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM24 and RBM38 from vertebrate, SUPpressor family member SUP-12 from Caenorhabditis elegans and similar proteins. Both, RBM24 and RBM38, are preferentially expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues. They regulate myogenic differentiation by controlling the cell cycle in a p21-dependent or -independent manner. RBM24, also termed RNA-binding region-containing protein 6, interacts with the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of myogenin mRNA and regulates its stability in C2C12 cells. RBM38, also termed CLL-associated antigen KW-5, or HSRNASEB, or RNA-binding region-containing protein 1(RNPC1), or ssDNA-binding protein SEB4, is a direct target of the p53 family. It is required for maintaining the stability of the basal and stress-induced p21 mRNA by binding to their 3'-UTRs. It also binds the AU-/U-rich elements in p63 3'-UTR and regulates p63 mRNA stability and activity. SUP-12 is a novel tissue-specific splicing factor that controls muscle-specific splicing of the ADF/cofilin pre-mRNA in C. elegans. All family members contain a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409818 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 37.74 E-value: 1.00e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLqPW-MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAER 136
Cdd:cd12384   3 IFVGGL-PYhTTDDSLREYFEQFGEIEEAVVITDRQTGKSRGYGFVTMADREAAER 57

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast regulator of rDNA transcription protein 5 (RRT5) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of the lineage specific family containing a group of uncharacterized yeast regulators of rDNA transcription protein 5 (RRT5), which may play roles in the modulation of rDNA transcription. RRT5 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409843 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 37.64 E-value: 1.03e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGElVHVKIPA----GKRCGFVQ-----YANRACAEQALSV---LNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12409   1 RVYISNLSYSTTEEELEELLKDYKP-VSVLIPSytvrGFRSRKHRplgiaYAEFSSVEEAEKVvkdLNGKVFKGRKLFV 78

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in chloroplastic plastid-specific 30S ribosomal protein 2 (PSRP-2) and similar proteins; PSRP-2, also called chloroplastic 30S ribosomal protein 2, or chloroplastic small ribosomal subunit protein cS22, is a component of the chloroplast ribosome (chloro-ribosome), a dedicated translation machinery responsible for the synthesis of chloroplast genome-encoded proteins, including proteins of the transcription and translation machinery and components of the photosynthetic apparatus. It binds single strand DNA (ssDNA) and RNA in vitro. It exhibits RNA chaperone activity and regulates negatively resistance responses to abiotic stresses during seed germination (e.g. salt, dehydration, and low temperature) and seedling growth (e.g. salt). PSRP-2 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the second RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410189 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 37.60 E-value: 1.04e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVK---IPAGKRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd21610   5 VYVGNLAKTVTNELLKDFFSEKGKVLGAKvqrTPGTSKSngfGFVSFSSEEDVEAAIQALNNSVLEGQKIRVN 77

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in alkylated DNA repair protein alkB homolog 8 (ALKBH8) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of ALKBH8, also termed alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase ABH8, or S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent tRNA methyltransferase ABH8, expressed in various types of human cancers. It is essential in urothelial carcinoma cell survival mediated by NOX-1-dependent ROS signals. ALKBH8 has also been identified as a tRNA methyltransferase that catalyzes methylation of tRNA to yield 5-methylcarboxymethyl uridine (mcm5U) at the wobble position of the anticodon loop. Thus, ALKBH8 plays a crucial role in the DNA damage survival pathway through a distinct mechanism involving the regulation of tRNA modification. ALKBH8 localizes to the cytoplasm. It contains the characteristic AlkB domain that is composed of a tRNA methyltransferase motif, a motif homologous to the bacterial AlkB DNA/RNA repair enzyme, and a dioxygenase catalytic core domain encompassing cofactor-binding sites for iron and 2-oxoglutarate. In addition, unlike other AlkB homologs, ALKBH8 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferase (MT) domain.

Pssm-ID: 409865 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 37.56 E-value: 1.04e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 289 VTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGT--QLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12431  15 VSREQLLEVFEKYGTVEDIVMLPGKPYSFVSFKSVEEAAKAYNALNGKelELPQQNVPL 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate paraspeckle protein 1 (PSP1); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of PSPC1, also termed paraspeckle component 1 (PSPC1), a novel nucleolar factor that accumulates within a new nucleoplasmic compartment, termed paraspeckles, and diffusely distributes in the nucleoplasm. It is ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved in vertebrates. Its cellular function remains unknown currently, however, PSPC1 forms a novel heterodimer with the nuclear protein p54nrb, also known as non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding protein (NonO), which localizes to paraspeckles in an RNA-dependent manner. PSPC1 contains two conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), at the N-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409999 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 37.59 E-value: 1.11e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDhmltETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVndrTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12586   4 LFVGNLPTDITE----EDFKRLFERYGEPSEV---FINRDRGFGFIRLESRTLAEIAKAELDGTILKSRPLR 68

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTB); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of PTB, also known as 58 kDa RNA-binding protein PPTB-1 or heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein I (hnRNP I), an important negative regulator of alternative splicing in mammalian cells. PTB also functions at several other aspects of mRNA metabolism, including mRNA localization, stabilization, polyadenylation, and translation. PTB contains four RNA recognition motifs (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). RRM1 and RRM2 are independent from each other and separated by flexible linkers. By contrast, there is an unusual and conserved interdomain interaction between RRM3 and RRM4. It is widely held that only RRMs 3 and 4 are involved in RNA binding and RRM2 mediates PTB homodimer formation. However, new evidence show that the RRMs 1 and 2 also contribute substantially to RNA binding. Moreover, PTB may not always dimerize to repress splicing. It is a monomer in solution.

Pssm-ID: 410095 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 93 Bit Score: 38.06 E-value: 1.14e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 287 QSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKR-CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSPS---NKQTQPDQ 360
Cdd:cd12695  10 ERVTPQCLFILFGVYGDVQRVKILFNKKeNALVQMADGNQAQLAMSHLNGQKLHGKPIRITLSKHQTvqlPREGQEDQ 87

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in RNA-binding protein 45 (RBM45) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM45, also termed developmentally-regulated RNA-binding protein 1 (DRB1), a new member of RNA recognition motif (RRM)-type neural RNA-binding proteins, which expresses under spatiotemporal control. It is encoded by gene drb1 that is expressed in neurons, not in glial cells. RBM45 predominantly localizes in cytoplasm of cultured cells and specifically binds to poly(C) RNA. It could play an important role during neurogenesis. RBM45 carries four RRMs, also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409801 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 37.68 E-value: 1.16e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 275 PTNTTIFVgAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGG 340
Cdd:cd12366   1 PPNSRLFV-VCSKSVTEDDLREAFSPFGEIQDIWVVKDKQTKeskgiaYVKFAKSSQAARAMEEMHGKCLGD 71

glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 4; Provisional

Pssm-ID: 178680 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 144 Bit Score: 38.87 E-value: 1.23e-03

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906   82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:PLN03134  37 LFIGGLSWGTDDASLRDAFAHFGDVVDAKVIVDRETGRSRGFGFVNFNDEGAATAAISEMDG 98

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate RNA binding protein fox-1 homologs and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of several tissue-specific alternative splicing isoforms of vertebrate RNA binding protein Fox-1 homologs, which show high sequence similarity to the Caenorhabditis elegans feminizing locus on X (Fox-1) gene encoding Fox-1 protein. RNA binding protein Fox-1 homolog 1 (RBFOX1), also termed ataxin-2-binding protein 1 (A2BP1), or Fox-1 homolog A, or hexaribonucleotide-binding protein 1 (HRNBP1), is predominantly expressed in neurons, skeletal muscle and heart. It regulates alternative splicing of tissue-specific exons by binding to UGCAUG elements. Moreover, RBFOX1 binds to the C-terminus of ataxin-2 and forms an ataxin-2/A2BP1 complex involved in RNA processing. RNA binding protein fox-1 homolog 2 (RBFOX2), also termed Fox-1 homolog B, or hexaribonucleotide-binding protein 2 (HRNBP2), or RNA-binding motif protein 9 (RBM9), or repressor of tamoxifen transcriptional activity, is expressed in ovary, whole embryo, and human embryonic cell lines in addition to neurons and muscle. RBFOX2 activates splicing of neuron-specific exons through binding to downstream UGCAUG elements. RBFOX2 also functions as a repressor of tamoxifen activation of the estrogen receptor. RNA binding protein Fox-1 homolog 3 (RBFOX3 or NeuN or HRNBP3), also termed Fox-1 homolog C, is a nuclear RNA-binding protein that regulates alternative splicing of the RBFOX2 pre-mRNA, producing a message encoding a dominant negative form of the RBFOX2 protein. Its message is detected exclusively in post-mitotic regions of embryonic brain. Like RBFOX1, both RBFOX2 and RBFOX3 bind to the hexanucleotide UGCAUG elements and modulate brain and muscle-specific splicing of exon EIIIB of fibronectin, exon N1 of c-src, and calcitonin/CGRP. Members in this family also harbor one RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409841 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 37.38 E-value: 1.27e-03

                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 207 NDRTtgrSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSR 243
Cdd:cd12407  35 NERG---SKGFGFVTFANSADADRAREKLNGTVVEGR 68

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in yeast nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM4 of Nop4p (also known as Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 410078 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 158 Bit Score: 39.07 E-value: 1.29e-03

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 200 VKGAKVV---NDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12677  71 VRQAKIIfekAGGGAGRSRGYGFIEYYTHRDALMGLRWLNG 111

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 (hnRNP D0) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP D0, also termed AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1, a UUAG-specific nuclear RNA binding protein that may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing and telomere elongation. hnRNP D0 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), in the middle and an RGG box rich in glycine and arginine residues in the C-terminal part. Each of RRMs can bind solely to the UUAG sequence specifically.

Pssm-ID: 241027 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 37.29 E-value: 1.29e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEM 235
Cdd:cd12583   2 IFVGGLSPDTPEEKIREYFGA-FGEVESIELPMDNKTNKRRGFCFITFKEEEPVKKIMEKK 61

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B (eIF-4B) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of eIF-4B, a multi-domain RNA-binding protein that has been primarily implicated in promoting the binding of 40S ribosomal subunits to mRNA during translation initiation. It contains two RNA-binding domains; the N-terminal well-conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), binds the 18S rRNA of the 40S ribosomal subunit and the C-terminal basic domain (BD), including two arginine-rich motifs (ARMs), binds mRNA during initiation, and is primarily responsible for the stimulation of the helicase activity of eIF-4A. eIF-4B also contains a DRYG domain (a region rich in Asp, Arg, Tyr, and Gly amino acids) in the middle, which is responsible for both, self-association of eIF-4B and binding to the p170 subunit of eIF3. Additional research indicates that eIF-4B can interact with the poly(A) binding protein (PABP) in mammalian cells, which can stimulate both, the eIF-4B-mediated activation of the helicase activity of eIF-4A and binding of poly(A) by PABP. eIF-4B has also been shown to interact specifically with the internal ribosome entry sites (IRES) of several picornaviruses which facilitate cap-independent translation initiation.

Pssm-ID: 409836 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 37.58 E-value: 1.29e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGeLVHVKIPAG------KRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSIR 344
Cdd:cd12402   4 TAYLGNLPYDVTEDDIEDFFRGLN-ISSVRLPREngpgrlRGFGYVEFEDRESLIQALS-LNEESLKNRRIR 73

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in type I polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM4 of type I poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in theThe CD corresponds to the RRM. regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar proteins. PABP-1 is an ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in mammalian and may play an important role in the testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3 shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1. However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than PABP-1. Moreover, PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammalian, such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in germ cell development. Moreover, unlike other PABPs, PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The family also includes the yeast PABP, a conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409815 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 37.25 E-value: 1.32e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI---PAG--KRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGG 340
Cdd:cd12381   4 LYVKNLDDTIDDEKLREEFSPFGTITSAKVmtdEGGrsKGFGFVCFSSPEEATKAVTEMNGRIIGG 69

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate RNA-binding Raly-like protein (RALYL); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of RALYL, also termed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C-like 3, or hnRNP core protein C-like 3, a putative RNA-binding protein that shows high sequence homology with Raly, an RNA-binding protein playing a critical role in embryonic development. The biological role of RALYL remains unclear. Like Raly, RALYL contains two distinct domains, an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal auxiliary domain.

Pssm-ID: 410017 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 69 Bit Score: 37.32 E-value: 1.33e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTED-DLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKrcGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12605   1 NSRVFIGNLNTAIVKKaDIEAIFAKYGKIVGCSVHKGY--AFVQYMSERHARAAVAGENARIIAGQPLDIN 69

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (hnRNP C)-related proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM in the hnRNP C-related protein family, including hnRNP C proteins, Raly, and Raly-like protein (RALYL). hnRNP C proteins, C1 and C2, are produced by a single coding sequence. They are the major constituents of the heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complex in vertebrates. They bind hnRNA tightly, suggesting a central role in the formation of the ubiquitous hnRNP complex; they are involved in the packaging of the hnRNA in the nucleus and in processing of pre-mRNA such as splicing and 3'-end formation. Raly, also termed autoantigen p542, is an RNA-binding protein that may play a critical role in embryonic development. The biological role of RALYL remains unclear. It shows high sequence homology with hnRNP C proteins and Raly. Members of this family are characterized by an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal auxiliary domain. The Raly proteins contain a glycine/serine-rich stretch within the C-terminal regions, which is absent in the hnRNP C proteins. Thus, the Raly proteins represent a newly identified class of evolutionarily conserved autoepitopes.

Pssm-ID: 409778 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 68 Bit Score: 36.84 E-value: 1.36e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVvndrttgrSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPM 245
Cdd:cd12341   3 IFVGNLPTDQMTKEDLEEIFSKYGKILGISL--------HKGYGFVQFDNEEDARAAVAGENGRTIKGQRL 65

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 4 (SRSF4) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in three serine/arginine (SR) proteins: serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 4 (SRSF4 or SRp75 or SFRS4), serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 5 (SRSF5 or SRp40 or SFRS5 or HRS), serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 6 (SRSF6 or SRp55). SRSF4 plays an important role in both, constitutive and alternative, splicing of many pre-mRNAs. It can shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm. SRSF5 regulates both alternative splicing and basal splicing. It is the only SR protein efficiently selected from nuclear extracts (NE) by the splicing enhancer (ESE) and essential for enhancer activation. SRSF6 preferentially interacts with a number of purine-rich splicing enhancers (ESEs) to activate splicing of the ESE-containing exon. It is the only protein from HeLa nuclear extract or purified SR proteins that specifically binds B element RNA after UV irradiation. SRSF6 may also recognize different types of RNA sites. Members in this family contain two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a C-terminal RS domains rich in serine-arginine dipeptides.

Pssm-ID: 409774 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 70 Bit Score: 36.91 E-value: 1.40e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGkrCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12337   2 VYIGRLPYRARERDVERFFRGYGRIRDINLKNG--FGFVEFEDPRDADDAVYELNGKELCGERVIVEHAR 69

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A subfamily; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A0, hnRNP A1, hnRNP A2/B1, hnRNP A3 and similar proteins. hnRNP A0 is a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. It has been identified as the substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may be involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced post-transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A1 is an abundant eukaryotic nuclear RNA-binding protein that may modulate splice site selection in pre-mRNA splicing. hnRNP A2/B1 is an RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that interacts with the hnRNP A2 response element (A2RE). Many mRNAs, such as myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin-associated oligodendrocytic basic protein (MOBP), carboxyanhydrase II (CAII), microtubule-associated protein tau, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) are trafficked by hnRNP A2/B1. hnRNP A3 is also a RNA trafficking response element-binding protein that participates in the trafficking of A2RE-containing RNA. The hnRNP A subfamily is characterized by two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409766 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 37.25 E-value: 1.43e-03

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPA----GKRCGF 317
Cdd:cd12328   2 LFVGGLKEDVEEEDLREYFSQFGKVESVEIVTdketGKKRGF 43

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Deleted in azoospermia-associated protein 1 (DAZAP1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of DAZAP1 or DAZ-associated protein 1, also termed proline-rich RNA binding protein (Prrp), a multi-functional ubiquitous RNA-binding protein expressed most abundantly in the testis and essential for normal cell growth, development, and spermatogenesis. DAZAP1 is a shuttling protein whose acetylated is predominantly nuclear and the nonacetylated form is in cytoplasm. DAZAP1 also functions as a translational regulator that activates translation in an mRNA-specific manner. DAZAP1 was initially identified as a binding partner of Deleted in Azoospermia (DAZ). It also interacts with numerous hnRNPs, including hnRNP U, hnRNP U like-1, hnRNPA1, hnRNPA/B, and hnRNP D, suggesting DAZAP1 might associate and cooperate with hnRNP particles to regulate adenylate-uridylate-rich elements (AU-rich element or ARE)-containing mRNAs. DAZAP1 contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal proline-rich domain.

Pssm-ID: 409765 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 37.48 E-value: 1.46e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTE 234
Cdd:cd12327   5 VFVGGIPHNCGETELRDYFKR-YGVVTEVVMMYDAEKQRSRGFGFITFEDEQSVDQAVNM 63

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in RNA-binding protein Musashi homolog 1 (Musashi-1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of Musashi-1. The mammalian MSI1 gene encoding Musashi-1 (also termed Msi1) is a neural RNA-binding protein putatively expressed in central nervous system (CNS) stem cells and neural progenitor cells and associated with asymmetric divisions in neural progenitor cells. Musashi-1 is evolutionarily conserved from invertebrates to vertebrates. It is a homolog of Drosophila Musashi and Xenopus laevis nervous system-specific RNP protein-1 (Nrp-1). Musashi-1 has been implicated in the maintenance of the stem-cell state, differentiation, and tumorigenesis. It translationally regulates the expression of a mammalian numb gene by binding to the 3'-untranslated region of mRNA of Numb, encoding a membrane-associated inhibitor of Notch signaling, and further influences neural development. Moreover, it represses translation by interacting with the poly(A)-binding protein and competes for binding of the eukaryotic initiation factor-4G (eIF-4G). Musashi-1 contains two conserved N-terminal tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), along with other domains of unknown function.

Pssm-ID: 241203 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 37.29 E-value: 1.50e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADES 226
Cdd:cd12759   3 MFIGGLSWQTTQEGLREYF-GQFGEVKECLVMRDPLTKRSRGFGFVTFMDQA 53

RNA recognition motif in yeast ribosome biogenesis protein 15 (Nop15p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of Nop15p, also termed nucleolar protein 15, which is encoded by YNL110C from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and localizes to the nucleoplasm and nucleolus. Nop15p has been identified as a component of a pre-60S particle. It interacts with RNA components of the early pre-60S particles. Furthermore, Nop15p binds directly to a pre-rRNA transcript in vitro and is required for pre-rRNA processing. It functions as a ribosome synthesis factor required for the 5' to 3' exonuclease digestion that generates the 5' end of the major, short form of the 5.8S rRNA as well as for processing of 27SB to 7S pre-rRNA. Nop15p also play a specific role in cell cycle progression. Nop15p contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain).

Pssm-ID: 409968 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 37.15 E-value: 1.52e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLaPDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12552   1 IIYVSHL-PHGFHEKELKKYFAQFGDLKNVRLARSKKTGNSKHYGFLEFVNPEDAMIAQKSMNN 63

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen R (HuR); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuR, also termed ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAV-1), the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Like other Hu proteins, HuR contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410056 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 37.34 E-value: 1.63e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAG---KRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSPSN 353
Cdd:cd12653   5 IFIYNLGQDADEGILWQMFGPFGAVTNVKVIRDfntNKCkgfGFVTMTNYEEAAMAIASLNGYRLGDKILQVSFKTNKSH 84


                .
gi 18416906 354 K 354
Cdd:cd12653  85 K 85

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in the VICKZ family proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of IGF-II mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BPs or IMPs) in the VICKZ family that have been implicated in the post-transcriptional regulation of several different RNAs and in subcytoplasmic localization of mRNAs during embryogenesis. IGF2BPs are composed of two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and four hnRNP K homology (KH) domains.

Pssm-ID: 409794 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 36.96 E-value: 1.66e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 289 VTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG---FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12359  12 ARWEDLDSLLSTYGTVENCEQVNTKSETatvNVTYESPEQAQQAVNKLNGYQYEGSALKVSY 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of Nop4p (also known as Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 410075 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 37.06 E-value: 1.67e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906  80 RSLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMpsSEQAFRLNWAQ 159
Cdd:cd12674   1 TTLFVRNLPFDVTLESLTDFFSDIGPVKHAVVVTDPETKKSRGYGFVSFSTHDDAEEALAKLKNRKL--SGHILKLDFAK 78

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen D (HuD); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of HuD, also termed ELAV-like protein 4 (ELAV-4), or paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen HuD, one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuD has been implicated in various aspects of neuronal function, such as the commitment and differentiation of neuronal precursors as well as synaptic remodeling in mature neurons. HuD also functions as an important regulator of mRNA expression in neurons by interacting with AU-rich RNA element (ARE) and stabilizing multiple transcripts. Moreover, HuD regulates the nuclear processing/stability of N-myc pre-mRNA in neuroblastoma cells and also regulates the neurite elongation and morphological differentiation. HuD specifically binds poly(A) RNA. Like other Hu proteins, HuD contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410167 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 37.39 E-value: 1.74e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQS 342
Cdd:cd12774   5 DANLYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQYGRIITSRIlvdqvtGVSRGVGFIRFDKRIEAEEAIKGLNGQKPSGAT 76

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Scaffold attachment factor (SAF)-like transcription modulator (SLTM) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM domain of SLTM, also termed modulator of estrogen-induced transcription, which shares high sequence similarity with scaffold attachment factor B1 (SAFB1). It contains a scaffold attachment factor-box (SAF-box, also known as SAP domain) DNA-binding motif, an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a region rich in glutamine and arginine residues. To a large extent, SLTM co-localizes with SAFB1 in the nucleus, which suggests that they share similar functions, such as the inhibition of an oestrogen reporter gene. However, rather than mediating a specific inhibitory effect on oestrogen action, SLTM is shown to exert a generalized inhibitory effect on gene expression associated with induction of apoptosis in a wide range of cell lines.

Pssm-ID: 410079 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 36.99 E-value: 1.77e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12678   2 LWVSGLSSNTKAADLKNLFGKYGKVLSAKVvtnarsPGAKCYGIVTMSSSTEVARCISHLHRTELHGQQI 71

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate myelin expression factor 2 (MEF-2); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of MEF-2, also termed MyEF-2 or MST156, a sequence-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding protein that binds specifically to ssDNA derived from the proximal (MB1) element of the myelin basic protein (MBP) promoter and represses transcription of the MBP gene. MEF-2 contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which may be responsible for its ssDNA binding activity.

Pssm-ID: 410063 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 36.87 E-value: 1.77e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELV--HVKIPAGKR--CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12662   2 IFVRNLPFDLTWQKLKEKFSQCGHVMfaEIKMENGKSkgCGTVRFDSPESAEKACRLMNGIKISGREIDVRLDR 75

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of hnRNP A1, also termed helix-destabilizing protein, or single-strand RNA-binding protein, or hnRNP core protein A1, and is an abundant eukaryotic nuclear RNA-binding protein that may modulate splice site selection in pre-mRNA splicing. hnRNP A1 has been characterized as a splicing silencer, often acting in opposition to an activating hnRNP H. It silences exons when bound to exonic elements in the alternatively spliced transcripts of c-src, HIV, GRIN1, and beta-tropomyosin. hnRNP A1 can shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Thus, it may be involved in transport of cellular RNAs, including the packaging of pre-mRNA into hnRNP particles and transport of poly A+ mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The cytoplasmic hnRNP A1 has high affinity with AU-rich elements, whereas the nuclear hnRNP A1 has high affinity with a polypyrimidine stretch bordered by AG at the 3' ends of introns. hnRNP A1 is also involved in the replication of an RNA virus, such as mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), through an interaction with the transcription-regulatory region of viral RNA. hnRNP A1, together with the scaffold protein septin 6, serves as host protein to form a complex with NS5b and viral RNA, and further plays important roles in the replication of Hepatitis C virus (HCV). hnRNP A1 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus. The RRMs of hnRNP A1 play an important role in silencing the exon and the glycine-rich domain is responsible for protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410154 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 36.96 E-value: 1.84e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMT 233
Cdd:cd12761   5 LFIGGLSFETTDESLRSHFEQ-WGTLTDCVVMRDPNTKRSRGFGFVTYATVEEVDAAMN 62

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in RNA-binding protein 40 (RBM40) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM40, also known as RNA-binding region-containing protein 3 (RNPC3) or U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 65 kDa protein (U11/U12-65K protein), It serves as a bridging factor between the U11 and U12 snRNPs. It contains two repeats of RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), connected by a linker that includes a proline-rich region. It binds to the U11-associated 59K protein via its RRM1 and employs the RRM2 to bind hairpin III of the U12 small nuclear RNA (snRNA). The proline-rich region might be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409684 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 36.84 E-value: 1.85e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 288 SVTEDDLKSVFGQFG-ELVHVKIPAGKR--CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQsiRLS 346
Cdd:cd12238  10 ELSEDDKEDLLKHFGaTSVRVMKRRGKLkhTAFATFDNEQAASKALSRLHQLKILGK--RLV 69

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen B (HuB); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of HuB, also termed ELAV-like protein 2 (ELAV-2), or ELAV-like neuronal protein 1, or nervous system-specific RNA-binding protein Hel-N1 (Hel-N1), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. It is up-regulated during neuronal differentiation of embryonic carcinoma P19 cells. Like other Hu proteins, HuB contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410168 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 37.01 E-value: 1.87e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSSEQAFRLNWA 158
Cdd:cd12775   7 NLYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQYGRIITSRILVDQVTGVSRGVGFIRFDKRIEAEEAIKGLNGQKPPGATEPITVKFA 84

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in yeast nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM4 of Nop4p (also known as Nop77p), encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 410078 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 158 Bit Score: 38.69 E-value: 1.91e-03

                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 109 AKVIRNKQN---GYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12677  74 AKIIFEKAGggaGRSRGYGFIEYYTHRDALMGLRWLNG 111

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 (hnRNP D0) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of hnRNP D0, also termed AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1, which is a UUAG-specific nuclear RNA binding protein that may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing and telomere elongation. hnRNP D0 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), in the middle and an RGG box rich in glycine and arginine residues in the C-terminal part. Each of RRMs can bind solely to the UUAG sequence specifically.

Pssm-ID: 410150 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 36.90 E-value: 1.97e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFaDESEQIRAMTEM 235
Cdd:cd12756   1 MFIGGLSWDTTKKDLKDYFSK-FGEVVDCTLKLDPITGRSRGFGFVLF-KESESVDKVMDQ 59

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in ribonucleoprotein PTB-binding raver-1, raver-2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of raver-1 and raver-2. Raver-1 is a ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that serves as a co-repressor of the nucleoplasmic splicing repressor polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB)-directed splicing of select mRNAs. It shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and can accumulate in the perinucleolar compartment, a dynamic nuclear substructure that harbors PTB. Raver-1 also modulates focal adhesion assembly by binding to the cytoskeletal proteins, including alpha-actinin, vinculin, and metavinculin (an alternatively spliced isoform of vinculin) at adhesion complexes, particularly in differentiated muscle tissue. Raver-2 is a novel member of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) family. It shows high sequence homology to raver-1. Raver-2 exerts a spatio-temporal expression pattern during embryogenesis and is mainly limited to differentiated neurons and glia cells. Although it displays nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling in heterokaryons, raver2 localizes to the nucleus in glia cells and neurons. Raver-2 can interact with PTB and may participate in PTB-mediated RNA-processing. However, there is no evidence indicating that raver-2 can bind to cytoplasmic proteins. Both, raver-1 and raver-2, contain three N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), two putative nuclear localization signals (NLS) at the N- and C-termini, a central leucine-rich region, and a C-terminal region harboring two [SG][IL]LGxxP motifs. They binds to RNA through the RRMs. In addition, the two [SG][IL]LGxxP motifs serve as the PTB-binding motifs in raver1. However, raver-2 interacts with PTB through the SLLGEPP motif only.

Pssm-ID: 409823 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 36.91 E-value: 1.98e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12389   3 CVTNLPLSFTEEQFEELVRP-YGNVERCFLVYSEVTGESKGYGFVEYTSKESAIRAKNQLHG 63

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found found in type I polyadenylate-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of type I poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), highly conserved proteins that bind to the poly(A) tail present at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. They have been implicated in the regulation of poly(A) tail length during the polyadenylation reaction, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization by influencing the rate of deadenylation and inhibition of mRNA decapping. The family represents type I polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs), including polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP-1 or PABPC1), polyadenylate-binding protein 3 (PABP-3 or PABPC3), polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP-4 or APP-1 or iPABP), polyadenylate-binding protein 5 (PABP-5 or PABPC5), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like (PABP-1-like or PABPC1L), polyadenylate-binding protein 1-like 2 (PABPC1L2 or RBM32), polyadenylate-binding protein 4-like (PABP-4-like or PABPC4L), yeast polyadenylate-binding protein, cytoplasmic and nuclear (PABP or ACBP-67), and similar proteins. PABP-1 is a ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein that may play a role in 3' end formation of mRNA, translation initiation, mRNA stabilization, protection of poly(A) from nuclease activity, mRNA deadenylation, inhibition of mRNA decapping, and mRNP maturation. Although PABP-1 is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein, it is also found in the nucleus. PABP-1 may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and utilization of mRNP particles. PABP-1 contains four copies of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), a less well conserved linker region, and a proline-rich C-terminal conserved domain (CTD). PABP-3 is a testis-specific poly(A)-binding protein specifically expressed in round spermatids. It is mainly found in mammalian and may play an important role in the testis-specific regulation of mRNA homeostasis. PABP-3 shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1. However, it binds to poly(A) with a lower affinity than PABP-1. Moreover, PABP-1 possesses an A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR and allows binding of PABP and blockage of translation of its own mRNA. In contrast, PABP-3 lacks the A-rich sequence in its 5'-UTR. PABP-4 is an inducible poly(A)-binding protein (iPABP) that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. It shows significant sequence similarity to PABP-1 as well. The RNA binding properties of PABP-1 and PABP-4 appear to be identical. PABP-5 is encoded by PABPC5 gene within the X-specific subinterval, and expressed in fetal brain and in a range of adult tissues in mammalian, such as ovary and testis. It may play an important role in germ cell development. Unlike other PABPs, PABP-5 contains only four RRMs, but lacks both the linker region and the CTD. PABP-1-like and PABP-1-like 2 are the orthologs of PABP-1. PABP-4-like is the ortholog of PABP-5. Their cellular functions remain unclear. The family also includes the yeast PABP, a conserved poly(A) binding protein containing poly(A) tails that can be attached to the 3'-ends of mRNAs. The yeast PABP and its homologs may play important roles in the initiation of translation and in mRNA decay. Like vertebrate PABP-1, the yeast PABP contains four RRMs, a linker region, and a proline-rich CTD as well. The first two RRMs are mainly responsible for specific binding to poly(A). The proline-rich region may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 409813 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 36.78 E-value: 2.00e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPA-----GKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12379   5 IFIKNLDKSIDNKALYDTFSAFGNILSCKVATdenggSKGYGFVHFETEEAAERAIEKVNGMLLNGKKV 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe mRNA export factor Crp79 and similar proteins; Crp79, also called meiotic expression up-regulated protein 5 (Mug5), or polyadenylate-binding protein crp79, or PABP, or poly(A)-binding protein, is an auxiliary mRNA export factor that binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA and is involved in the export of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410198 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 36.74 E-value: 2.17e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLtETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRT--TGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd21619   3 TIYVGNIDMTINEDAL-EKIFSRYGQVESVRRPPIHTdkADRTTGFGFIKYTDAESAERAMQQADGILLGRRRLV 76

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the U1A/U2B"/SNF protein family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of U1A/U2B"/SNF protein family which contains Drosophila sex determination protein SNF and its two mammalian counterparts, U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein A (U1 snRNP A or U1-A or U1A) and U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein B" (U2 snRNP B" or U2B"), all of which consist of two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), connected by a variable, flexible linker. SNF is an RNA-binding protein found in the U1 and U2 snRNPs of Drosophila where it is essential in sex determination and possesses a novel dual RNA binding specificity. SNF binds with high affinity to both Drosophila U1 snRNA stem-loop II (SLII) and U2 snRNA stem-loop IV (SLIV). It can also bind to poly(U) RNA tracts flanking the alternatively spliced Sex-lethal (Sxl) exon, as does Drosophila Sex-lethal protein (SXL). U1A is an RNA-binding protein associated with the U1 snRNP, a small RNA-protein complex involved in pre-mRNA splicing. U1A binds with high affinity and specificity to stem-loop II (SLII) of U1 snRNA. It is predominantly a nuclear protein that shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm independently of interactions with U1 snRNA. Moreover, U1A may be involved in RNA 3'-end processing, specifically cleavage, splicing and polyadenylation, through interacting with a large number of non-snRNP proteins. U2B", initially identified to bind to stem-loop IV (SLIV) at the 3' end of U2 snRNA, is a unique protein that comprises of the U2 snRNP. Additional research indicates U2B" binds to U1 snRNA stem-loop II (SLII) as well and shows no preference for SLIV or SLII on the basis of binding affinity. Moreover, U2B" does not require an auxiliary protein for binding to RNA, and its nuclear transport is independent of U2 snRNA binding.

Pssm-ID: 409692 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 36.74 E-value: 2.19e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLK----SVFGQFGELVHVKipAGK----RcG--FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12246   1 TLYINNLNEKIKKDELKrslyALFSQFGPVLDIV--ASKslkmR-GqaFVVFKDVESATNALRALQGFPFYGKPMRIQYA 77


                .
gi 18416906 349 R 349
Cdd:cd12246  78 K 78

RNA recognition motif 4 (RRM4) found in RNA-binding protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM4 of RBM28 and Nop4p. RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), possibly coordinating their transition through the nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a role in the maturation of both small nuclear and ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409850 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 98 Bit Score: 37.19 E-value: 2.19e-03

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 109 AKVIRNKQ------NGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAP 145
Cdd:cd12416  39 VKVMRDKKrlnsdgKGRSKGYGFVEFTEHEHALKALRALNNNP 81

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in nucleolin-like proteins mainly from plants; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of a group of plant nucleolin-like proteins, including nucleolin 1 (also termed protein nucleolin like 1) and nucleolin 2 (also termed protein nucleolin like 2, or protein parallel like 1). They play roles in the regulation of ribosome synthesis and in the growth and development of plants. Like yeast nucleolin, nucleolin-like proteins possess two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409885 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 36.62 E-value: 2.20e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 174 TVFV----GDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAmTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGP 249
Cdd:cd12451   1 TIFVkgfdASLGEDTIRDELREHFGE-CGEVTNVRIPTDRETGELKGFAYIEFSTKEAKEKA-LELNGSDIAGGNLVVDE 78


                .
gi 18416906 250 A 250
Cdd:cd12451  79 A 79

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Arabidopsis thaliana phragmoplastin interacting protein 1 (PHIP1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of PHIP1. A. thaliana PHIP1 and its homologs represent a novel class of plant-specific RNA-binding proteins that may play a unique role in the polarized mRNA transport to the vicinity of the cell plate. The family members consist of multiple functional domains, including a lysine-rich domain (KRD domain) that contains three nuclear localization motifs (KKKR/NK), two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), and three CCHC-type zinc fingers. PHIP1 is a peripheral membrane protein and is localized at the cell plate during cytokinesis in plants. In addition to phragmoplastin, PHIP1 interacts with two Arabidopsis small GTP-binding proteins, Rop1 and Ran2. However, PHIP1 interacted only with the GTP-bound form of Rop1 but not the GDP-bound form. It also binds specifically to Ran2 mRNA.

Pssm-ID: 409714 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 36.53 E-value: 2.21e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP----AGKRCG--FVQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12271   1 VYVGGIPYYSTEAEIRSYFSSCGEVRSVDLMrfpdSGNFRGiaFITFKTEEAAKRALA-LDGEMLGNRFLKV 71

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe mRNA export factor Crp79 and similar proteins; Crp79, also called meiotic expression up-regulated protein 5 (Mug5), or polyadenylate-binding protein crp79, or PABP, or poly(A)-binding protein, is an auxiliary mRNA export factor that binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA and is involved in the export of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410198 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 36.74 E-value: 2.24e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906  80 RSLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTG--EATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd21619   2 NTIYVGNIDMTINEDALEKIFSRYGqvESVRRPPIHTDKADRTTGFGFIKYTDAESAERAMQQADG 67

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNP-L) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNP-L), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L-like (hnRNP-LL), and similar proteins. hnRNP-L is a higher eukaryotic specific subunit of human KMT3a (also known as HYPB or hSet2) complex required for histone H3 Lys-36 trimethylation activity. It plays both, nuclear and cytoplasmic, roles in mRNA export of intronless genes, IRES-mediated translation, mRNA stability, and splicing. hnRNP-LL plays a critical and unique role in the signal-induced regulation of CD45 and acts as a global regulator of alternative splicing in activated T cells. It is closely related in domain structure and sequence to hnRNP-L, which contains three RNA-recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). The family also includes polypyrimidine tract binding protein homolog 3 (PTBPH3) found in plant. Although its biological roles remain unclear, PTBPH3 shows significant sequence similarity to polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) that is an important negative regulator of alternative splicing in mammalian cells and also functions at several other aspects of mRNA metabolism, including mRNA localization, stabilization, polyadenylation, and translation. Like PTB, PTBPH3 contains four RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409858 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 36.43 E-value: 2.25e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 283 GAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKR-CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12424   6 GLDPDKMNCDRLFNLLCLYGNVLKIKFLKSKPgTAMVQMGDPVAADRAIQNLNNVVLFGQKLQLTYSK 73

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in the FET family of RNA-binding proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of FET (previously TET) (FUS/TLS, EWS, TAF15) family of RNA-binding proteins. This ubiquitously expressed family of similarly structured proteins predominantly localizing to the nuclear, includes FUS (also known as TLS or Pigpen or hnRNP P2), EWS (also known as EWSR1), TAF15 (also known as hTAFII68 or TAF2N or RPB56), and Drosophila Cabeza (also known as SARFH). The corresponding coding genes of these proteins are involved in deleterious genomic rearrangements with transcription factor genes in a variety of human sarcomas and acute leukemias. All FET proteins interact with each other and are therefore likely to be part of the very same protein complexes, which suggests a general bridging role for FET proteins coupling RNA transcription, processing, transport, and DNA repair. The FET proteins contain multiple copies of a degenerate hexapeptide repeat motif at the N-terminus. The C-terminal region consists of a conserved nuclear import and retention signal (C-NLS), a putative zinc-finger domain, and a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), which is flanked by 3 arginine-glycine-glycine (RGG) boxes. FUS and EWS might have similar sequence specificity; both bind preferentially to GGUG-containing RNAs. FUS has also been shown to bind strongly to human telomeric RNA and to small low-copy-number RNAs tethered to the promoter of cyclin D1. To date, nothing is known about the RNA binding specificity of TAF15.

Pssm-ID: 409722 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 36.62 E-value: 2.27e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVH--------VKI--------PAGKRCgfVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12280   1 IFVSGLPPDVTIDELADLFGQIGIIKRykdtwppkIKIytdketgkPKGEAT--LTYEDPSAAKAAIEWFNGKEFRGNKI 78


                ...
gi 18416906 344 RLS 346
Cdd:cd12280  79 KVS 81

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-beta (PGC-1-beta) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of PGC-1beta, also termed PPAR-gamma coactivator 1-beta, or PPARGC-1-beta, or PGC-1-related estrogen receptor alpha coactivator, which is one of the members of PGC-1 transcriptional coactivators family, including PGC-1alpha and PGC-1-related coactivator (PRC). PGC-1beta plays a nonredundant role in controlling mitochondrial oxidative energy metabolism and affects both, insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial biogenesis, and functions in a number of oxidative tissues. It is involved in maintaining baseline mitochondrial function and cardiac contractile function following pressure overload hypertrophy by preserving glucose metabolism and preventing oxidative stress. PGC-1beta induces hypertriglyceridemia in response to dietary fats through activating hepatic lipogenesis and lipoprotein secretion. It can stimulate apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) expression, further mediating hypolipidemic effect of nicotinic acid. PGC-1beta also drives nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) target gene expression and NRF-1 and estrogen related receptor alpha (ERRalpha)-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis. The modulation of the expression of PGC-1beta can trigger ERRalpha-induced adipogenesis. PGC-1beta is also a potent regulator inducing angiogenesis in skeletal muscle. The transcriptional activity of PGC-1beta can be increased through binding to host cell factor (HCF), a cellular protein involved in herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection and cell cycle regulation. PGC-1beta is a multi-domain protein containing an N-terminal activation domain, an LXXLL coactivator signature, a tetrapeptide motif (DHDY) responsible for HCF binding, two glutamic/aspartic acid-rich acidic domains, and an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). In contrast to PGC-1alpha, PGC-1beta lacks most of the arginine/serine (SR)-rich domain that is responsible for the regulation of RNA processing.

Pssm-ID: 409792 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 97 Bit Score: 37.25 E-value: 2.27e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPA----GKRCGFVQYanRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQ---SIRLSWG 348
Cdd:cd12356  10 VYIRNLSSSMSSNELKRRFEVFGEITECCVLSrsnrGEKYGFITY--RDSEHAALSLQKGASLRKRnepSFQLSYG 83

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M), myelin expression factor 2 (MEF-2 or MyEF-2 or MST156) and similar proteins. hnRNP M is pre-mRNA binding protein that may play an important role in the pre-mRNA processing. It also preferentially binds to poly(G) and poly(U) RNA homopolymers. hnRNP M is able to interact with early spliceosomes, further influencing splicing patterns of specific pre-mRNAs. hnRNP M functions as the receptor of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that contains the penta-peptide sequence PELPK signaling motif. In addition, hnRNP M and another splicing factor Nova-1 work together as dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) pre-mRNA-binding proteins. They regulate alternative splicing of D2R pre-mRNA in an antagonistic manner. hnRNP M contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an unusual hexapeptide-repeat region rich in methionine and arginine residues (MR repeat motif). MEF-2 is a sequence-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding protein that binds specifically to ssDNA derived from the proximal (MB1) element of the myelin basic protein (MBP) promoter and represses transcription of the MBP gene. MEF-2 shows high sequence homology with hnRNP M. It also contains three RRMs, which may be responsible for its ssDNA binding activity.

Pssm-ID: 409821 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 36.41 E-value: 2.38e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAV----YSSVKgakvvndRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSR 243
Cdd:cd12387   1 IFVRNLPFDYTWQKLKDKFKDCghvtFASIK-------MENGKSKGCGTVRFDSPEDAENACRMMNGSKQSGR 66

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Deleted in azoospermia-associated protein 1 (DAZAP1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of DAZAP1 or DAZ-associated protein 1, also termed proline-rich RNA binding protein (Prrp), a multi-functional ubiquitous RNA-binding protein expressed most abundantly in the testis and essential for normal cell growth, development, and spermatogenesis. DAZAP1 is a shuttling protein whose acetylated form is predominantly nuclear and the nonacetylated form is in cytoplasm. It also functions as a translational regulator that activates translation in an mRNA-specific manner. DAZAP1 was initially identified as a binding partner of Deleted in Azoospermia (DAZ). It also interacts with numerous hnRNPs, including hnRNP U, hnRNP U like-1, hnRNPA1, hnRNPA/B, and hnRNP D, suggesting DAZAP1 might associate and cooperate with hnRNP particles to regulate adenylate-uridylate-rich elements (AU-rich element or ARE)-containing mRNAs. DAZAP1 contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal proline-rich domain.

Pssm-ID: 409988 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 36.94 E-value: 2.40e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESeqiramteMNGQYCSSRPMR-TGPAANK 253
Cdd:cd12574   2 LFVGGLDWSTTQETLRSYFSQ-YGEVVDCVIMKDKTTNQSRGFGFVKFKDPN--------CVGTVLASRPHNlDGRNIDP 72

                        90
                ....*....|
gi 18416906 254 KPLT---MQP 260
Cdd:cd12574  73 KPCTprgMQP 82

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of TDP-43 (also termed TARDBP), a ubiquitously expressed pathogenic protein whose normal function and abnormal aggregation are directly linked to the genetic disease cystic fibrosis, and two neurodegenerative disorders: frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). TDP-43 binds both DNA and RNA, and has been implicated in transcriptional repression, pre-mRNA splicing and translational regulation. TDP-43 is a dimeric protein with two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal glycine-rich domain. The RRMs are responsible for DNA and RNA binding; they bind to TAR DNA and RNA sequences with UG-repeats. The glycine-rich domain can interact with the hnRNP family proteins to form the hnRNP-rich complex involved in splicing inhibition. It is also essential for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) exon 9-skipping activity.

Pssm-ID: 409760 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 36.61 E-value: 2.40e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906  89 PW-MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQT 140
Cdd:cd12321   8 PWkTTEQDLKEYFSTFGEVLMVQVKKDPKTGRSKGFGFVRFASYETQVKVLSQ 60

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in CUGBP Elav-like family member CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, CELF-6 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, and CELF-6, all of which belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding proteins that display dual nuclear and cytoplasmic localizations and have been implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and in the control of mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-3, expressed in brain and testis only, is also known as bruno-like protein 1 (BRUNOL-1), or CAG repeat protein 4, or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 3, or embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV)-type RNA-binding protein 1 (ETR-1), or expanded repeat domain protein CAG/CTG 4, or trinucleotide repeat-containing gene 4 protein (TNRC4). It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of tauopathies. CELF-3 contains three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein.The effect of CELF-3 on tau splicing is mediated mainly by the RNA-binding activity of RRM2. The divergent linker region might mediate the interaction of CELF-3 with other proteins regulating its activity or involved in target recognition. CELF-4, highly expressed throughout the brain and in glandular tissues, moderately expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, and liver, is also known as bruno-like protein 4 (BRUNOL-4), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 4. Like CELF-3, CELF-4 also contains three highly conserved RRMs. The splicing activation or repression activity of CELF-4 on some specific substrates is mediated by its RRM1/RRM2. Both, RRM1 and RRM2 of CELF-4, can activate cardiac troponin T (cTNT) exon 5 inclusion. CELF-5, expressed in brain, is also known as bruno-like protein 5 (BRUNOL-5), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 5. Although its biological role remains unclear, CELF-5 shares same domain architecture with CELF-3. CELF-6, strongly expressed in kidney, brain, and testis, is also known as bruno-like protein 6 (BRUNOL-6), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 6. It activates exon inclusion of a cardiac troponin T minigene in transient transfection assays in an muscle-specific splicing enhancer (MSE)-dependent manner and can activate inclusion via multiple copies of a single element, MSE2. CELF-6 also promotes skipping of exon 11 of insulin receptor, a known target of CELF activity that is expressed in kidney. In addition to three highly conserved RRMs, CELF-6 also possesses numerous potential phosphorylation sites, a potential nuclear localization signal (NLS) at the C terminus, and an alanine-rich region within the divergent linker region.

Pssm-ID: 241083 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 36.76 E-value: 2.56e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 275 PTNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGK-----RC-GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLG 339
Cdd:cd12639   2 PEGCNLFIYHLPQEFGDAELMQMFLPFGNVISAKVFVDRatnqsKCfGFVSFDNPASAQAAIQAMNGFQIG 72

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in protein BOULE; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of BOULE, the founder member of the human DAZ gene family. Invertebrates contain a single BOULE, while vertebrates, other than catarrhine primates, possess both BOULE and DAZL genes. The catarrhine primates possess BOULE, DAZL, and DAZ genes. BOULE encodes an RNA-binding protein containing an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a single copy of the DAZ motif. Although its specific biochemical functions remains to be investigated, BOULE protein may interact with poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), and act as translational activators of specific mRNAs during gametogenesis.

Pssm-ID: 410074 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 36.78 E-value: 2.61e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI-----PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQAL 330
Cdd:cd12673   5 IFVGGIDFKTNENDLRKFFAQYGSVKEVKIvndraGVSKGYGFITFETQEDAQKIL 60

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in chloroplastic plastid-specific 30S ribosomal protein 2 (PSRP-2) and similar proteins; PSRP-2, also called chloroplastic 30S ribosomal protein 2, or chloroplastic small ribosomal subunit protein cS22, is a component of the chloroplast ribosome (chloro-ribosome), a dedicated translation machinery responsible for the synthesis of chloroplast genome-encoded proteins, including proteins of the transcription and translation machinery and components of the photosynthetic apparatus. It binds single strand DNA (ssDNA) and RNA in vitro. It exhibits RNA chaperone activity and regulates negatively resistance responses to abiotic stresses during seed germination (e.g. salt, dehydration, and low temperature) and seedling growth (e.g. salt). PSRP-2 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the second RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410189 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 36.45 E-value: 2.63e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSseQAFRLNWA 158
Cdd:cd21610   5 VYVGNLAKTVTNELLKDFFSEKGKVLGAKVQRTPGTSKSNGFGFVSFSSEEDVEAAIQALNNSVLEG--QKIRVNKA 79

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast nucleolar protein 12 (Nop12p) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of Nop12p, which is encoded by YOL041C from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is a novel nucleolar protein required for pre-25S rRNA processing and normal rates of cell growth at low temperatures. Nop12p shares high sequence similarity with nucleolar protein 13 (Nop13p). Both, Nop12p and Nop13p, are not essential for growth. However, unlike Nop13p that localizes primarily to the nucleolus but is also present in the nucleoplasm to a lesser extent, Nop12p is localized to the nucleolus. Nop12p contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 410071 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 36.27 E-value: 2.73e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALsVLNG 335
Cdd:cd12670   2 VFVGNLAFEAEEEGLWRYFGKCGAIESVRIvrdpktNVGKGFAYVQFKDENAVEKAL-LLNE 62

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen R (HuR); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuR, also termed ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAV-1), the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Like other Hu proteins, HuR contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410056 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 36.57 E-value: 2.79e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12653   5 IFIYNLGQDADEGILWQMFGPFGAVTNVKVIRDFNTNKCKGFGFVTMTNYEEAAMAIASLNG 66

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein 28 (RBM28) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of RBM28 and Nop4p. RBM28 is a specific nucleolar component of the spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), possibly coordinating their transition through the nucleolus. It specifically associates with U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and may play a role in the maturation of both small nuclear and ribosomal RNAs. RBM28 has four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an extremely acidic region between RRM2 and RRM3. The family also includes nucleolar protein 4 (Nop4p or Nop77p) encoded by YPL043W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is an essential nucleolar protein involved in processing and maturation of 27S pre-rRNA and biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Nop4p also contains four RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 409848 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 36.38 E-value: 2.79e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 183 DVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRP 244
Cdd:cd12414  10 KCTEDDLKKLFSK-FGKVLEVTIPKKPD-GKLRGFAFVQFTNVADAAKAIKGMNGKKIKGRP 69

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast meiotic activator RIM4 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RIM4, also termed regulator of IME2 protein 4, a putative RNA binding protein that is expressed at elevated levels early in meiosis. It functions as a meiotic activator required for both the IME1- and IME2-dependent pathways of meiotic gene expression, as well as early events of meiosis, such as meiotic division and recombination, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RIM4 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The family also includes a putative RNA-binding protein termed multicopy suppressor of sporulation protein Msa1. It is a putative RNA-binding protein encoded by a novel gene, msa1, from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Msa1 may be involved in the inhibition of sexual differentiation by controlling the expression of Ste11-regulated genes, possibly through the pheromone-signaling pathway. Like RIM4, Msa1 also contains two RRMs, both of which are essential for the function of Msa1.

Pssm-ID: 409887 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 86 Bit Score: 36.62 E-value: 2.94e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 171 PEHTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFK---AVYSSVKGAKVVNDRttgRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRT 247
Cdd:cd12453   1 PSACLFVASLSSARSDEELCAAVTnhfSKWGELLNVKVLKDW---SNRPYAFVQYTNTEDAKNALVNGHNTLLDGRHLRV 77


                ...
gi 18416906 248 GPA 250
Cdd:cd12453  78 EKA 80

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in pre-mRNA cleavage factor Im 68 kDa subunit (CFIm68 or CPSF6), pre-mRNA cleavage factor Im 59 kDa subunit (CFIm59 or CPSF7), and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of cleavage factor Im (CFIm) subunits. Cleavage factor Im (CFIm) is a highly conserved component of the eukaryotic mRNA 3' processing machinery that functions in UGUA-mediated poly(A) site recognition, the regulation of alternative poly(A) site selection, mRNA export, and mRNA splicing. It is a complex composed of a small 25 kDa (CFIm25) subunit and a larger 59/68/72 kDa subunit. Two separate genes, CPSF6 and CPSF7, code for two isoforms of the large subunit, CFIm68 and CFIm59. Structurally related CFIm68 and CFIm59, also termed cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 6 (CPSF7), or cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 59 kDa subunit (CPSF59), are functionally redundant. Both contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a central proline-rich region, and a C-terminal RS-like domain. Their N-terminal RRM mediates the interaction with CFIm25, and also serves to enhance RNA binding and facilitate RNA looping.

Pssm-ID: 409807 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 36.14 E-value: 3.01e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKA--VYSsVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMRTGP 249
Cdd:cd12372   1 LYVGNLQWWTTDEDLEGACASfgVVD-VKEIKFFEHKANGKSKGYAYVEFASPAAAAAVKEKLEKREFNGRPCVVTP 76

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 35 kDa protein (U11/U12-35K) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of U11/U12-35K, also termed protein HM-1, or U1 snRNP-binding protein homolog, and is one of the components of the U11/U12 snRNP, which is a subunit of the minor (U12-dependent) spliceosome required for splicing U12-type nuclear pre-mRNA introns. U11/U12-35K is highly conserved among bilateria and plants, but lacks in some organisms, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans. Moreover, U11/U12-35K shows significant sequence homology to U1 snRNP-specific 70 kDa protein (U1-70K or snRNP70). It contains a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by an adjacent glycine-rich region, and Arg-Asp and Arg-Glu dipeptide repeats rich domain, making U11/U12-35K a possible functional analog of U1-70K. It may facilitate 5' splice site recognition in the minor spliceosome and play a role in exon bridging, interacting with components of the major spliceosome bound to the pyrimidine tract of an upstream U2-type intron. The family corresponds to the RRM of U11/U12-35K that may directly contact the U11 or U12 snRNA through the RRM domain.

Pssm-ID: 409683 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 94 Bit Score: 36.92 E-value: 3.09e-03

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFV 129
Cdd:cd12237   6 TLFVGRLSLQTTEEKLKEVFSRYGDIRRLRLVRDIVTGFSKRYAFIEYK 54

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein 39 (RBM39); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM39, also termed hepatocellular carcinoma protein 1, or RNA-binding region-containing protein 2, or splicing factor HCC1, a nuclear autoantigen that contains an N-terminal arginine/serine rich (RS) motif and three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). An octapeptide sequence called the RS-ERK motif is repeated six times in the RS region of RBM39. Based on the specific domain composition, RBM39 has been classified into a family of non-snRNP (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein) splicing factors that are usually not complexed to snRNAs.

Pssm-ID: 409952 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 36.57 E-value: 3.09e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADES 226
Cdd:cd12536   3 TVFCMQLAARIRPRDLEEFFSTV-GKVRDVRMISDRNSRRSKGIAYVEFVDVS 54

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate single-stranded DNA-binding protein MSSP-2; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of MSSP-2, also termed RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein 2 (RBMS2), or suppressor of CDC2 with RNA-binding motif 3 (SCR3), a double- and single-stranded DNA binding protein that belongs to the c-myc single-strand binding proteins (MSSP) family. It specifically recognizes the sequence T(C/A)TT, and stimulates DNA replication in the system using SV40 DNA. MSSP-2 is identical with Scr3, a human protein which complements the defect of cdc2 kinase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. MSSP-2 has been implied in regulating DNA replication, transcription, apoptosis induction, and cell-cycle movement, via the interaction with C-MYC, the product of protooncogene c-myc. MSSP-2 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), both of which are responsible for the specific DNA binding activity as well as induction of apoptosis.

Pssm-ID: 409901 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 36.64 E-value: 3.10e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEM 235
Cdd:cd12471   8 LYIRGLHPGTTDQDLVKLCQP-YGKIVSTKAILDKTTNKCKGYGFVDFDSPSAAQKAVTAL 67

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNP D0, hnRNP A/B, hnRNP DL and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 in hnRNP D0, hnRNP A/B, hnRNP DL and similar proteins. hnRNP D0 is a UUAG-specific nuclear RNA binding protein that may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing and telomere elongation. hnRNP A/B is an RNA unwinding protein with a high affinity for G- followed by U-rich regions. hnRNP A/B has also been identified as an APOBEC1-binding protein that interacts with apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA transcripts around the editing site and thus plays an important role in apoB mRNA editing. hnRNP DL (or hnRNP D-like) is a dual functional protein that possesses DNA- and RNA-binding properties. It has been implicated in mRNA biogenesis at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. All members in this family contain two putative RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glycine- and tyrosine-rich C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409989 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 36.00 E-value: 3.26e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFAD 224
Cdd:cd12575   1 MFIGGLSWDTSKKDLKDYFSK-FGEVVDCTIKLDPVTGRSRGFGFVLFKD 49

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in nucleolysin TIAR and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of nucleolysin TIAR, also termed TIA-1-related protein, and a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein that shows high sequence similarity with 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (p40-TIA-1). TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. TIAR possesses nucleolytic activity against cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. It can trigger DNA fragmentation in permeabilized thymocytes, and thus may function as an effector responsible for inducing apoptosis. TIAR is composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. It interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 410028 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 36.22 E-value: 3.31e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNgySEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSSEqaFRLNWAQL 160
Cdd:cd12616   1 TLYVGNLSRDVTEVLILQLFSQIGPCKSCKMITEHTS--NDPYCFVEFYEHRDAAAALAAMNGRKILGKE--VKVNWATT 76


                ....*
gi 18416906 161 GAGER 165
Cdd:cd12616  77 PSSQK 81

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit B (eIF-3B) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3), a large multisubunit complex that plays a central role in the initiation of translation by binding to the 40 S ribosomal subunit and promoting the binding of methionyl-tRNAi and mRNA. eIF-3B, also termed eIF-3 subunit 9, or Prt1 homolog, eIF-3-eta, eIF-3 p110, or eIF-3 p116, is the major scaffolding subunit of eIF-3. It interacts with eIF-3 subunits A, G, I, and J. eIF-3B contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), which is involved in the interaction with eIF-3J. The interaction between eIF-3B and eIF-3J is crucial for the eIF-3 recruitment to the 40 S ribosomal subunit. eIF-3B also binds directly to domain III of the internal ribosome-entry site (IRES) element of hepatitis-C virus (HCV) RNA through its N-terminal RRM, which may play a critical role in both cap-dependent and cap-independent translation. Additional research has shown that eIF-3B may function as an oncogene in glioma cells and can be served as a potential therapeutic target for anti-glioma therapy. This family also includes the yeast homolog of eIF-3 subunit B (eIF-3B, also termed PRT1 or eIF-3 p90) that interacts with the yeast homologs of eIF-3 subunits A(TIF32), G(TIF35), I(TIF34), J(HCR1), and E(Pci8). In yeast, eIF-3B (PRT1) contains an N-terminal RRM that is directly involved in the interaction with eIF-3A (TIF32) and eIF-3J (HCR1). In contrast to its human homolog, yeast eIF-3B (PRT1) may have potential to bind its total RNA through its RRM domain.

Pssm-ID: 409720 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 36.40 E-value: 3.39e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDV-TDHM--LTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDR----TTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12278   2 SVVVVDGLPVVgEEKLekLKKVLTKIFSKFGSGKIVGIYmpvdETGKTKGFAFVEYATPEEAKKAVKALNG 72

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen B (HuB); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of HuB, also termed ELAV-like protein 2 (ELAV-2), or ELAV-like neuronal protein 1, or nervous system-specific RNA-binding protein Hel-N1 (Hel-N1), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. It is up-regulated during neuronal differentiation of embryonic carcinoma P19 cells. Like other Hu proteins, HuB contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410168 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 36.24 E-value: 3.43e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPA------GKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQS 342
Cdd:cd12775   5 DANLYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQYGRIITSRILVdqvtgvSRGVGFIRFDKRIEAEEAIKGLNGQKPPGAT 76

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in vertebrate deleted in azoospermia-like (DAZL) proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of DAZL, also termed SPGY-like-autosomal, encoded by the autosomal homolog of DAZ gene, DAZL. It is ancestral to the deleted in azoospermia (DAZ) protein. DAZL is germ-cell-specific RNA-binding protein that contains a RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a DAZ motif, a protein-protein interaction domain. Although their specific biochemical functions remain to be investigated, DAZL proteins may interact with poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), and act as translational activators of specific mRNAs during gametogenesis.

Pssm-ID: 410073 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 36.30 E-value: 3.54e-03

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPA-----GKRCGFVQYAN 322
Cdd:cd12672   7 TVFVGGIDIRMDENEIRSFFARYGSVKEVKIITdrtgvSKGYGFVSFYD 55

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) and 2 (RRM2) found in CELF/Bruno-like family of RNA binding proteins and plant flowering time control protein FCA; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 and RRM2 domains of the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) as well as plant flowering time control protein FCA. CELF, also termed BRUNOL (Bruno-like) proteins, is a family of structurally related RNA-binding proteins involved in regulation of pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus, and control of mRNA translation and deadenylation in the cytoplasm. The family contains six members: CELF-1 (also known as BRUNOL-2, CUG-BP1, NAPOR, EDEN-BP), CELF-2 (also known as BRUNOL-3, ETR-3, CUG-BP2, NAPOR-2), CELF-3 (also known as BRUNOL-1, TNRC4, ETR-1, CAGH4, ER DA4), CELF-4 (BRUNOL-4), CELF-5 (BRUNOL-5) and CELF-6 (BRUNOL-6). They all contain three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The low sequence conservation of the linker region is highly suggestive of a large variety in the co-factors that associate with the various CELF family members. Based on both, sequence similarity and function, the CELF family can be divided into two subfamilies, the first containing CELFs 1 and 2, and the second containing CELFs 3, 4, 5, and 6. The different CELF proteins may act through different sites on at least some substrates. Furthermore, CELF proteins may interact with each other in varying combinations to influence alternative splicing in different contexts. This subfamily also includes plant flowering time control protein FCA that functions in the posttranscriptional regulation of transcripts involved in the flowering process. FCA contains two RRMs, and a WW protein interaction domain.

Pssm-ID: 409796 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 36.06 E-value: 3.84e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12361   2 LFVGMIPKTASEEDVRPLFEQFGNIEEVQILRDKQTGQSKGCAFVTFSTREEALRAIEALHN 63

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein Musashi homologs Musashi-1, Musashi-2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2.in Musashi-1 (also termed Msi1), a neural RNA-binding protein putatively expressed in central nervous system (CNS) stem cells and neural progenitor cells, and associated with asymmetric divisions in neural progenitor cells. It is evolutionarily conserved from invertebrates to vertebrates. Musashi-1 is a homolog of Drosophila Musashi and Xenopus laevis nervous system-specific RNP protein-1 (Nrp-1). It has been implicated in the maintenance of the stem-cell state, differentiation, and tumorigenesis. It translationally regulates the expression of a mammalian numb gene by binding to the 3'-untranslated region of mRNA of Numb, encoding a membrane-associated inhibitor of Notch signaling, and further influences neural development. Moreover, Musashi-1 represses translation by interacting with the poly(A)-binding protein and competes for binding of the eukaryotic initiation factor-4G (eIF-4G). Musashi-2 (also termed Msi2) has been identified as a regulator of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment and of leukemic stem cells after transplantation of cells with loss and gain of function of the gene. It influences proliferation and differentiation of HSCs and myeloid progenitors, and further modulates normal hematopoiesis and promotes aggressive myeloid leukemia. Both, Musashi-1 and Musashi-2, contain two conserved N-terminal tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), along with other domains of unknown function.

Pssm-ID: 240769 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 35.87 E-value: 4.03e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC------GFVQYANRACAEQALSV 332
Cdd:cd12323   2 IFVGGLSANTTEDDVKKYFSQFGKVEDAMLMFDKQTnrhrgfGFVTFESEDVVDKVCEI 60

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in splicing factor 3B subunit 4 (SF3B4) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of SF3B4, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SF3b 49 kDa (SF3b50), or spliceosome-associated protein 49 (SAP 49). SF3B4 is a component of the multiprotein complex splicing factor 3b (SF3B), an integral part of the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) and the U11/U12 di-snRNP. SF3B is essential for the accurate excision of introns from pre-messenger RNA, and is involved in the recognition of the pre-mRNA's branch site within the major and minor spliceosomes. SF3B4 functions to tether U2 snRNP with pre-mRNA at the branch site during spliceosome assembly. It is an evolutionarily highly conserved protein with orthologs across diverse species. SF3B4 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). It binds directly to pre-mRNA and also interacts directly and highly specifically with another SF3B subunit called SAP 145.

Pssm-ID: 409772 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 83 Bit Score: 36.18 E-value: 4.09e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELV-HVKI------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12335   4 LFIGNLDPEVDEKLLYDTFSAFGVILqTPKImrdpdtGNSKGFGFVSFDSFEASDAAIEAMNGQYLCNRPITVSY 78

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B (hnRNP A/B) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of hnRNP A/B, also termed APOBEC1-binding protein 1 (ABBP-1), which is an RNA unwinding protein with a high affinity for G- followed by U-rich regions. hnRNP A/B has also been identified as an APOBEC1-binding protein that interacts with apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA transcripts around the editing site and thus plays an important role in apoB mRNA editing. hnRNP A/B contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long C-terminal glycine-rich domain that contains a potential ATP/GTP binding loop.

Pssm-ID: 410151 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 36.10 E-value: 4.19e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADES 226
Cdd:cd12757   7 MFVGGLSWDTSKKDLKDYF-TKFGEVVDCTIKMDPNTGRSRGFGFILFKDAA 57

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in Deleted in azoospermia-associated protein 1 (DAZAP1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of DAZAP1 or DAZ-associated protein 1, also termed proline-rich RNA binding protein (Prrp), a multi-functional ubiquitous RNA-binding protein expressed most abundantly in the testis and essential for normal cell growth, development, and spermatogenesis. DAZAP1 is a shuttling protein whose acetylated form is predominantly nuclear and the nonacetylated form is in cytoplasm. It also functions as a translational regulator that activates translation in an mRNA-specific manner. DAZAP1 was initially identified as a binding partner of Deleted in Azoospermia (DAZ). It also interacts with numerous hnRNPs, including hnRNP U, hnRNP U like-1, hnRNPA1, hnRNPA/B, and hnRNP D, suggesting DAZAP1 might associate and cooperate with hnRNP particles to regulate adenylate-uridylate-rich elements (AU-rich element or ARE)-containing mRNAs. DAZAP1 contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a C-terminal proline-rich domain.

Pssm-ID: 409988 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 82 Bit Score: 36.17 E-value: 4.31e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC------GFVQYANRACAEQALS 331
Cdd:cd12574   2 LFVGGLDWSTTQETLRSYFSQYGEVVDCVIMKDKTTnqsrgfGFVKFKDPNCVGTVLA 59

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in the Hu proteins family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of Hu proteins family which represents a group of RNA-binding proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Since the Hu proteins share high homology with the Drosophila embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) protein, the Hu family is sometimes referred to as the ELAV family. Drosophila ELAV is exclusively expressed in neurons and is required for the correct differentiation and survival of neurons in flies. The neuronal members of the Hu family include Hu-antigen B (HuB or ELAV-2 or Hel-N1), Hu-antigen C (HuC or ELAV-3 or PLE21), and Hu-antigen D (HuD or ELAV-4), which play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. Hu-antigen R (HuR or ELAV-1 or HuA) is the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. Moreover, HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Hu proteins perform their cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular functions by coordinately regulating functionally related mRNAs. In the cytoplasm, Hu proteins recognize and bind to AU-rich RNA elements (AREs) in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of certain target mRNAs, such as GAP-43, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF), the glucose transporter GLUT1, eotaxin and c-fos, and stabilize those ARE-containing mRNAs. They also bind and regulate the translation of some target mRNAs, such as neurofilament M, GLUT1, and p27. In the nucleus, Hu proteins function as regulators of polyadenylation and alternative splicing. Each Hu protein contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an ARE. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410055 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 35.76 E-value: 4.39e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12652   3 LYVSGLPKTMTQKELEQLFSQFGRIITSRILCDNVTGLSRGVGFIRFDKRVEAERAIKALNG 64

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in U2 large nuclear ribonucleoprotein auxiliary factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit (U2AF65) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of U2AF65 and dU2AF50. U2AF65, also termed U2AF2, is the large subunit of U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) auxiliary factor (U2AF), which has been implicated in the recruitment of U2 snRNP to pre-mRNAs and is a highly conserved heterodimer composed of large and small subunits. U2AF65 specifically recognizes the intron polypyrimidine tract upstream of the 3' splice site and promotes binding of U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA branchpoint. U2AF65 also plays an important role in the nuclear export of mRNA. It facilitates the formation of a messenger ribonucleoprotein export complex, containing both the NXF1 receptor and the RNA substrate. Moreover, U2AF65 interacts directly and specifically with expanded CAG RNA, and serves as an adaptor to link expanded CAG RNA to NXF1 for RNA export. U2AF65 contains an N-terminal RS domain rich in arginine and serine, followed by a proline-rich segment and three C-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The N-terminal RS domain stabilizes the interaction of U2 snRNP with the branch point (BP) by contacting the branch region, and further promotes base pair interactions between U2 snRNA and the BP. The proline-rich segment mediates protein-protein interactions with the RRM domain of the small U2AF subunit (U2AF35 or U2AF1). The RRM1 and RRM2 are sufficient for specific RNA binding, while RRM3 is responsible for protein-protein interactions. The family also includes Splicing factor U2AF 50 kDa subunit (dU2AF50), the Drosophila ortholog of U2AF65. dU2AF50 functions as an essential pre-mRNA splicing factor in flies. It associates with intronless mRNAs and plays a significant and unexpected role in the nuclear export of a large number of intronless mRNAs.

Pssm-ID: 409678 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 35.70 E-value: 4.72e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGEL----VHVKIPAG--KRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGG 340
Cdd:cd12231   3 LFIGGLPNYLNEDQVKELLQSFGKLkafnLVKDSATGlsKGYAFCEYVDDNVTDQAIAGLNGMQLGD 69

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen B (HuB); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuB, also termed ELAV-like protein 2 (ELAV-2), or ELAV-like neuronal protein 1, or nervous system-specific RNA-binding protein Hel-N1 (Hel-N1), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. HuB is also expressed in gonads. It is up-regulated during neuronal differentiation of embryonic carcinoma P19 cells. Like other Hu proteins, HuB contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 241098 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 86 Bit Score: 36.23 E-value: 4.75e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 276 TNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAG---KRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12654   2 TGWCIFVYNLAPDADESILWQMFGPFGAVTNVKVIRDfntNKCkgfGFVTMTNYDEAAMAIASLNGYRLGDRVLQVSFKT 81


                ....*
gi 18416906 350 SPSNK 354
Cdd:cd12654  82 NKTHK 86

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the VICKZ family proteins; Thid subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of IGF2BPs (or IMPs) found in the VICKZ family that have been implicated in the post-transcriptional regulation of several different RNAs and in subcytoplasmic localization of mRNAs during embryogenesis. IGF2BPs are composed of two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and four hnRNP K homology (KH) domains.

Pssm-ID: 240804 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 35.43 E-value: 4.86e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGelVHVKIPAGKRCG--FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12358   1 LYIGNLSSDVNESDLRQLFEEHK--IPVSSVLVKKGGyaFVDCPDQSWADKAIEKLNGKILQGKVI 64

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in RNA-binding protein 19 (RBM19) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of RBM19, also termed RNA-binding domain-1 (RBD-1), which is a nucleolar protein conserved in eukaryotes. It is involved in ribosome biogenesis by processing rRNA. In addition, it is essential for preimplantation development. RBM19 has a unique domain organization containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409983 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 35.83 E-value: 4.94e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAG------KRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12567   5 LFVRNLPYTCTEEDLEKLFSKYGPLSEVHFPIDsltkkpKGFAFVTYMIPEHAVKAYAELDGTVFQGRLLHL 76

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in CUGBP Elav-like family member CELF-1, CELF-2 and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of CELF-1 (also termed BRUNOL-2, or CUG-BP1, or EDEN-BP) and CELF-2 (also termed BRUNOL-3, or ETR-3, or CUG-BP2, or NAPOR), both of which belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding proteins that have been implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and in the control of mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-1 is strongly expressed in all adult and fetal tissues tested. Human CELF-1 is a nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein that regulates multiple aspects of nuclear and cytoplasmic mRNA processing, with implications for onset of type 1 myotonic dystrophy (DM1), a neuromuscular disease associated with an unstable CUG triplet expansion in the 3'-UTR (3'-untranslated region) of the DMPK (myotonic dystrophy protein kinase) gene; it preferentially targets UGU-rich mRNA elements. It has been shown to bind to a Bruno response element, a cis-element involved in translational control of oskar mRNA in Drosophila, and share sequence similarity to Bruno, the Drosophila protein that mediates this process. The Xenopus homolog embryo deadenylation element-binding protein (EDEN-BP) mediates sequence-specific deadenylation of Eg5 mRNA. It specifically binds to the EDEN motif in the 3'-untranslated regions of maternal mRNAs and targets these mRNAs for deadenylation and translational repression. CELF-1 contain three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The two N-terminal RRMs of EDEN-BP are necessary for the interaction with EDEN as well as a part of the linker region (between RRM2 and RRM3). Oligomerization of EDEN-BP is required for specific mRNA deadenylation and binding. CELF-2 is expressed in all tissues at some level, but highest in brain, heart, and thymus. It has been implicated in the regulation of nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA processing events, including alternative splicing, RNA editing, stability and translation. CELF-2 shares high sequence identity with CELF-1, but shows different binding specificity; it binds preferentially to sequences with UG repeats and UGUU motifs. It has been shown to bind to a Bruno response element, a cis-element involved in translational control of oskar mRNA in Drosophila, and share sequence similarity to Bruno, the Drosophila protein that mediates this process. It also binds to the 3'-UTR of cyclooxygenase-2 messages, affecting both translation and mRNA stability, and binds to apoB mRNA, regulating its C to U editing. CELF-2 also contain three highly conserved RRMs. It binds to RNA via the first two RRMs, which are important for localization in the cytoplasm. The splicing activation or repression activity of CELF-2 on some specific substrates is mediated by RRM1/RRM2. Both, RRM1 and RRM2 of CELF-2, can activate cardiac troponin T (cTNT) exon 5 inclusion. In addition, CELF-2 possesses a typical arginine and lysine-rich nuclear localization signal (NLS) in the C-terminus, within RRM3.

Pssm-ID: 241082 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 92 Bit Score: 36.19 E-value: 5.26e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 167 QAEGPE-HTVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12638   1 QKEGPEgANLFIYHLPQEFGDQDILQMFMP-FGNVVSAKVFIDKQTNLSKCFGFVSYDNPVSAQAAIQAMNG 71

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen R (HuR); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of HuR, also termed ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAV-1), the ubiquitously expressed Hu family member. It has a variety of biological functions mostly related to the regulation of cellular response to DNA damage and other types of stress. HuR has an anti-apoptotic function during early cell stress response. It binds to mRNAs and enhances the expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, such as p21waf1, p53, and prothymosin alpha. HuR also has pro-apoptotic function by promoting apoptosis when cell death is unavoidable. Furthermore, HuR may be important in muscle differentiation, adipogenesis, suppression of inflammatory response and modulation of gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure and amino acid starvation. Like other Hu proteins, HuR contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410166 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 36.04 E-value: 5.27e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNGAPMPSSEQAFRLNWA 158
Cdd:cd12773   2 NLYISGLPRTMTQKDVEDMFSRFGRIINSRVLVDQATGLSRGVAFIRFDKRSEAEEAITNFNGHKPPGSSEPITVKFA 79

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Arabidopsis thaliana phragmoplastin interacting protein 1 (PHIP1) and similar proteins; The CD corresponds to the RRM2 of PHIP1. A. thaliana PHIP1 and its homologs represent a novel class of plant-specific RNA-binding proteins that may play a unique role in the polarized mRNA transport to the vicinity of the cell plate. The family members consist of multiple functional domains, including a lysine-rich domain (KRD domain) that contains three nuclear localization motifs (KKKR/NK), two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), and three CCHC-type zinc fingers. PHIP1 is a peripheral membrane protein and is localized at the cell plate during cytokinesis in plants. In addition to phragmoplastin, PHIP1 interacts with two Arabidopsis small GTP-binding proteins, Rop1 and Ran2. However, PHIP1 interacted only with the GTP-bound form of Rop1 but not the GDP-bound form. It also binds specifically to Ran2 mRNA.

Pssm-ID: 409715 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 35.45 E-value: 5.36e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSIRLS 346
Cdd:cd12272   1 TVYIGNLAWDIDEDDLRELFAECCEITNVRLHTDKETGefkgygHVEFADEESLDAALK-LAGTKLCGRPIRVD 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in CUGBP Elav-like family member CELF-1, CELF-2, Drosophila melanogaster Bruno protein and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of CELF-1, CELF-2 and Bruno protein. CELF-1 (also termed BRUNOL-2, or CUG-BP1, or EDEN-BP) and CELF-2 (also termed BRUNOL-3, or ETR-3, or CUG-BP2, or NAPOR) belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding proteins that have been implicated in regulation of pre-mRNA splicing, and control of mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-1 is strongly expressed in all adult and fetal tissues tested. The human CELF-1 is a nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein that regulates multiple aspects of nuclear and cytoplasmic mRNA processing, with implications for onset of type 1 myotonic dystrophy (DM1), a neuromuscular disease associated with an unstable CUG triplet expansion in the 3'-UTR (3'-untranslated region) of the DMPK (myotonic dystrophy protein kinase) gene; it preferentially targets UGU-rich mRNA elements. It has been shown to bind to a Bruno response element, a cis-element involved in translational control of oskar mRNA in Drosophila, and share sequence similarity to Bruno, the Drosophila protein that mediates this process. The Xenopus homolog embryo deadenylation element-binding protein (EDEN-BP) mediates sequence-specific deadenylation of Eg5 mRNA. It binds specifically to the EDEN motif in the 3'-untranslated regions of maternal mRNAs and targets these mRNAs for deadenylation and translational repression. CELF-1 contain three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein. The two N-terminal RRMs of EDEN-BP are necessary for the interaction with EDEN as well as a part of the linker region (between RRM2 and RRM3). Oligomerization of EDEN-BP is required for specific mRNA deadenylation and binding. CELF-2 is expressed in all tissues at some level, but highest in brain, heart, and thymus. It has been implicated in the regulation of nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA processing events, including alternative splicing, RNA editing, stability and translation. CELF-2 shares high sequence identity with CELF-1, but shows different binding specificity; it binds preferentially to sequences with UG repeats and UGUU motifs. It has been shown to bind to a Bruno response element, a cis-element involved in translational control of oskar mRNA in Drosophila, and share sequence similarity to Bruno, the Drosophila protein that mediates this process. It also binds to the 3'-UTR of cyclooxygenase-2 messages, affecting both translation and mRNA stability, and binds to apoB mRNA, regulating its C to U editing. CELF-2 also contains three highly conserved RRMs. It binds to RNA via the first two RRMs, which are also important for localization in the cytoplasm. The splicing activation or repression activity of CELF-2 on some specific substrates is mediated by RRM1/RRM2. Both, RRM1 and RRM2 of CELF-2, can activate cardiac troponin T (cTNT) exon 5 inclusion. In addition, CELF-2 possesses a typical arginine and lysine-rich nuclear localization signal (NLS) in the C-terminus, within RRM3. This subgroup also includes Drosophila melanogaster Bruno protein, which plays a central role in regulation of Oskar (Osk) expression in flies. It mediates repression by binding to regulatory Bruno response elements (BREs) in the Osk mRNA 3' UTR. The full-length Bruno protein contains three RRMs, two located in the N-terminal half of the protein and the third near the C-terminus, separated by a linker region.

Pssm-ID: 410040 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 35.95 E-value: 5.40e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKI--------PAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQA------LSVLNG 335
Cdd:cd12631   4 MFVGQIPRSWSEKELRELFEQYGAVYQINVlrdrsqnpPQSKGCCFVTFYTRKAALEAqnalhnIKTLPG 73

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in nucleolysin TIAR and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of nucleolysin TIAR, also termed TIA-1-related protein, a cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein that shows high sequence similarity with 40-kDa isoform of T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (p40-TIA-1). TIAR is mainly localized in the nucleus of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to exogenous triggers of apoptosis. TIAR possesses nucleolytic activity against cytolytic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. It can trigger DNA fragmentation in permeabilized thymocytes, and thus may function as an effector responsible for inducing apoptosis. TIAR is composed of three N-terminal highly homologous RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a glutamine-rich C-terminal auxiliary domain containing a lysosome-targeting motif. It interacts with RNAs containing short stretches of uridylates and its RRM2 can mediate the specific binding to uridylate-rich RNAs.

Pssm-ID: 241064 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 35.38 E-value: 5.42e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFkAVYSSVKGAKVVNDrttgrsKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12620   2 TVYCGGIASGLTEQLMRQTF-SPFGQIMEIRVFPE------KGYSFVRFSTHESAAHAIVSVNG 58

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen C (HuC); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of HuC, also termed ELAV-like protein 3 (ELAV-3), or paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen, or paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis antigen 21 (PLE21), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. Like other Hu proteins, HuC contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). The AU-rich element binding of HuC can be inhibited by flavonoids. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 241220 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 35.75 E-value: 5.47e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 182 PDVTDHMLTETFKAVYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQycssrpmrtGPAANKKPLTMQPA 261
Cdd:cd12776  10 PKTMSQKEMEQLFSQYGRIITSRILVDQVTGVSRGVGFIRFDKRIEAEEAIKGLNGQ---------KPLGAAEPITVKFA 80


                .
gi 18416906 262 S 262
Cdd:cd12776  81 N 81

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe mRNA export factor Crp79, meiotically up-regulated gene 28 protein (Mug28) and similar proteins; Crp79, also called meiotic expression up-regulated protein 5 (Mug5), or polyadenylate-binding protein crp79, or PABP, or poly(A)-binding protein, is an auxiliary mRNA export factor that binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA and is involved in the export of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Mug28 is a meiosis-specific protein that regulates spore wall formation. Members in this family contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the three RRM motif.

Pssm-ID: 410201 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 92 Bit Score: 35.81 E-value: 5.50e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 274 DPTNttIFVGAVDQSV--TEDDLKSVFGQFGELV--------HVKIPAGKrcGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd21622   2 DPCN--LFVKNLDDTVitNKEDLEQLFSPFGQIVssylatypGTGISKGF--GFVAFSKPEDAAKAKETLNGVMVGRKRI 77


                ....*..
gi 18416906 344 RLSWGRS 350
Cdd:cd21622  78 FVSYAER 84

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast protein gar2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of yeast protein gar2, a novel nucleolar protein required for 18S rRNA and 40S ribosomal subunit accumulation. It shares similar domain architecture with nucleolin from vertebrates and NSR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated N-terminal domain of gar2 is made up of highly acidic regions separated from each other by basic sequences, and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The central domain of gar2 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of gar2 is rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues.

Pssm-ID: 409882 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 35.46 E-value: 5.50e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12448   1 LFVGNLPFSATQDALYEAFSQHGSIVSVRLPTDRETGQPKGFGYVDFSTIDSAEAAIDALGG 62

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in nucleolin-like proteins mainly from plants; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of a group of plant nucleolin-like proteins, including nucleolin 1 (also termed protein nucleolin like 1) and nucleolin 2 (also termed protein nucleolin like 2, or protein parallel like 1). They play roles in the regulation of ribosome synthesis and in the growth and development of plants. Like yeast nucleolin, nucleolin-like proteins possess two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 409884 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 35.45 E-value: 5.51e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLqPW-MDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQtYNGAPM 146
Cdd:cd12450   1 TLFVGNL-SWsATQDDLENFFSDCGEVVDVRIAMDRDDGRSKGFGHVEFASAESAQKALE-KSGQDL 65

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in transformer-2 protein homolog alpha (TRA-2 alpha) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of TRA2-alpha or TRA-2-alpha, also termed transformer-2 protein homolog A, a mammalian homolog of Drosophila transformer-2 (Tra2). TRA2-alpha is a 40-kDa serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein (SRp40) that specifically binds to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) exonic splicing enhancer on exon 4 (ESE4) and is necessary for enhanced GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. It strongly stimulates GnRH intron A excision in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, TRA2-alpha can interact with either 9G8 or SRp30c, which may also be crucial for ESE-dependent GnRH pre-mRNA splicing. TRA2-alpha contains a well conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), flanked by the N- and C-terminal arginine/serine (RS)-rich regions.

Pssm-ID: 410047 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 84 Bit Score: 35.74 E-value: 5.61e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 274 DPtNTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSW 347
Cdd:cd12642   2 DP-NTCLGVFGLSLYTTERDLREVFSRYGPLAGVNVVYDQRTGrsrgfaFVYFERIDDSKEAMERANGMELDGRRIRVDY 80

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM3 of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M), myelin expression factor 2 (MEF-2 or MyEF-2 or MST156) and similar proteins. hnRNP M is pre-mRNA binding protein that may play an important role in the pre-mRNA processing. It also preferentially binds to poly(G) and poly(U) RNA homopolymers. hnRNP M is able to interact with early spliceosomes, further influencing splicing patterns of specific pre-mRNAs. hnRNP M functions as the receptor of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that contains the penta-peptide sequence PELPK signaling motif. In addition, hnRNP M and another splicing factor Nova-1 work together as dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) pre-mRNA-binding proteins. They regulate alternative splicing of D2R pre-mRNA in an antagonistic manner. hnRNP M contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an unusual hexapeptide-repeat region rich in methionine and arginine residues (MR repeat motif). MEF-2 is a sequence-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding protein that binds specifically to ssDNA derived from the proximal (MB1) element of the myelin basic protein (MBP) promoter and represses transcription of the MBP gene. MEF-2 shows high sequence homology with hnRNP M. It also contains three RRMs, which may be responsible for its ssDNA binding activity.

Pssm-ID: 409821 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 35.26 E-value: 5.76e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVH--VKIPAGKR--CGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12387   1 IFVRNLPFDYTWQKLKDKFKDCGHVTFasIKMENGKSkgCGTVRFDSPEDAENACRMMNGSKQSGREI 68

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate RRM-containing coactivator activator/modulator (CoAA); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of CoAA, also termed RNA-binding protein 14 (RBM14), or paraspeckle protein 2 (PSP2), or synaptotagmin-interacting protein (SYT-interacting protein), a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-like protein identified as a nuclear receptor coactivator. It mediates transcriptional coactivation and RNA splicing effects in a promoter-preferential manner and is enhanced by thyroid hormone receptor-binding protein (TRBP). CoAA contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a TRBP-interacting domain. It stimulates transcription through its interactions with coactivators, such as TRBP and CREB-binding protein CBP/p300, via the TRBP-interacting domain and interaction with an RNA-containing complex, such as DNA-dependent protein kinase-poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase complexes, via the RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 410020 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 69 Bit Score: 35.16 E-value: 5.79e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDrttgrskgYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQ 238
Cdd:cd12608   3 IFVGNVDEDTSQEELSALFEP-YGAVLSCAVMKQ--------FAFVHMRGEAAADRAIRELNGR 57

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Zinc finger CCHC-type and RNA-binding motif-containing protein 1 (ZCRB1) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of ZCRB1, also termed MADP-1, or U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 31 kDa protein (U11/U12 snRNP 31 or U11/U12-31K), a novel multi-functional nuclear factor, which may be involved in morphine dependence, cold/heat stress, and hepatocarcinoma. It is located in the nucleoplasm, but outside the nucleolus. ZCRB1 is one of the components of U11/U12 snRNPs that bind to U12-type pre-mRNAs and form a di-snRNP complex, simultaneously recognizing the 5' splice site and branchpoint sequence. ZCRB1 is characterized by an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a CCHC-type Zinc finger motif. In addition, it contains core nucleocapsid motifs, and Lys- and Glu-rich domains.

Pssm-ID: 409827 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 35.34 E-value: 5.83e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12393   3 TVYVSNLPFSLTNNDLHQIFSK-YGKVVKVTILKDKETRKSKGVAFVLFLDRESAHNAVRAMNN 65

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in SRA stem-loop-interacting RNA-binding protein (SLIRP) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of SLIRP, a widely expressed small steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA) binding protein, which binds to STR7, a functional substructure of SRA. SLIRP is localized predominantly to the mitochondria and plays a key role in modulating several nuclear receptor (NR) pathways. It functions as a co-repressor to repress SRA-mediated nuclear receptor coactivation. It modulates SHARP- and SKIP-mediated co-regulation of NR activity. SLIRP contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), which is required for SLIRP's corepression activities.

Pssm-ID: 409688 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 35.41 E-value: 5.94e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQAL 330
Cdd:cd12242   1 KLFVSNLPWTTGSSELKEYFSQFGKVKRCNLPFDKETGfhkgfgFVSFENEDGLRNAL 58

RNA recognition motif;

Pssm-ID: 465106 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 91 Bit Score: 35.80 E-value: 6.19e-03

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906   175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVyssvkGAKVVN-------DRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADES---EQIRAMTEMNGQY---CS 241
Cdd:pfam16367   4 VFVGGLPWDITEAELTATFGRF-----GPLLVDwpgkpesPSYFPDVKGYVFLVFEDEKsvqALLDACTQEDGKYylkLS 78


                  ....*....
gi 18416906   242 SRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:pfam16367  79 SPRMKDKPV 87

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A0 (hnRNP A0) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of hnRNP A0, a low abundance hnRNP protein that has been implicated in mRNA stability in mammalian cells. It has been identified as the substrate for MAPKAP-K2 and may be involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced post-transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). hnRNP A0 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a long glycine-rich region at the C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409993 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 80 Bit Score: 35.58 E-value: 6.56e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSV 332
Cdd:cd12579   2 LFVGGLKGDVGEGDLVEHFSQFGTVEKVEVIADKDTGkkrgfgFVYFEDHDSADKAAVV 60

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in CUGBP Elav-like family member CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, CELF-6 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of CELF-3, CELF-4, CELF-5, CELF-6, all of which belong to the CUGBP1 and ETR-3-like factors (CELF) or BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding proteins that display dual nuclear and cytoplasmic localizations and have been implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and in the control of mRNA translation and deadenylation. CELF-3, expressed in brain and testis only, is also known as bruno-like protein 1 (BRUNOL-1), or CAG repeat protein 4, or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 3, or embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV)-type RNA-binding protein 1 (ETR-1), or expanded repeat domain protein CAG/CTG 4, or trinucleotide repeat-containing gene 4 protein (TNRC4). It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of tauopathies. CELF-3 contains three highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also known as RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains): two consecutive RRMs (RRM1 and RRM2) situated in the N-terminal region followed by a linker region and the third RRM (RRM3) close to the C-terminus of the protein.The effect of CELF-3 on tau splicing is mediated mainly by the RNA-binding activity of RRM2. The divergent linker region might mediate the interaction of CELF-3 with other proteins regulating its activity or involved in target recognition. CELF-4, highly expressed throughout the brain and in glandular tissues, moderately expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, and liver, is also known as bruno-like protein 4 (BRUNOL-4), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 4. Like CELF-3, CELF-4 also contain three highly conserved RRMs. The splicing activation or repression activity of CELF-4 on some specific substrates is mediated by its RRM1/RRM2. On the other hand, both RRM1 and RRM2 of CELF-4 can activate cardiac troponin T (cTNT) exon 5 inclusion. CELF-5, expressed in brain, is also known as bruno-like protein 5 (BRUNOL-5), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 5. Although its biological role remains unclear, CELF-5 shares same domain architecture with CELF-3. CELF-6, strongly expressed in kidney, brain, and testis, is also known as bruno-like protein 6 (BRUNOL-6), or CUG-BP- and ETR-3-like factor 6. It activates exon inclusion of a cardiac troponin T minigene in transient transfection assays in an muscle-specific splicing enhancer (MSE)-dependent manner and can activate inclusion via multiple copies of a single element, MSE2. CELF-6 also promotes skipping of exon 11 of insulin receptor, a known target of CELF activity that is expressed in kidney. In additiona to three highly conserved RRMs, CELF-6 also possesses numerous potential phosphorylation sites, a potential nuclear localization signal (NLS) at the C terminus, and an alanine-rich region within the divergent linker region.

Pssm-ID: 410041 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 87 Bit Score: 35.47 E-value: 6.80e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYC---SSRPMRTGPA 250
Cdd:cd12632   8 LFIGQIPRNLEEKDLRPLFEQ-FGKIYELTVLKDKYTGMHKGCAFLTYCARESALKAQSALHEQKTlpgMNRPIQVKPA 85

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 4 (SRSF4); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of SRSF4, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SRp75, or SRP001LB, or splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 4 (SFRS4). SRSF4 is a splicing regulatory serine/arginine (SR) protein that plays an important role in both constitutive splicing and alternative splicing of many pre-mRNAs. For instance, it interacts with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, hnRNP G and hnRNP E2, and further regulates the 5' splice site of tau exon 10, whose misregulation causes frontotemporal dementia. SFSF4 also induces production of HIV-1 vpr mRNA through the inhibition of the 5'-splice site of exon 3. In addition, it activates splicing of the cardiac troponin T (cTNT) alternative exon by direct interactions with the cTNT exon 5 enhancer RNA. SRSF4 can shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm. It contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a glycine-rich region, an internal region homologous to the RRM, and a very long, highly phosphorylated C-terminal SR domains rich in serine-arginine dipeptides.

Pssm-ID: 410007 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 87 Bit Score: 35.78 E-value: 6.80e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906 278 TTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKrcGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSP 351
Cdd:cd12594   2 PRVYIGRLSYQARERDVERFFKGYGKILEVDLKNGY--GFVEFDDLRDADDAVYELNGKDLCGERVIVEHARGP 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in La-related protein 7 (LARP7) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of LARP7, also termed La ribonucleoprotein domain family member 7, or P-TEFb-interaction protein for 7SK stability (PIP7S), an oligopyrimidine-binding protein that binds to the highly conserved 3'-terminal U-rich stretch (3' -UUU-OH) of 7SK RNA. LARP7 is a stable component of the 7SK small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (7SK snRNP). It intimately associates with all the nuclear 7SK and is required for 7SK stability. LARP7 also acts as a negative transcriptional regulator of cellular and viral polymerase II genes, acting by means of the 7SK snRNP system. It plays an essential role in the inhibition of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb)-dependent transcription, which has been linked to the global control of cell growth and tumorigenesis. LARP7 contains a La motif (LAM) and an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), at the N-terminal region, which mediates binding to the U-rich 3' terminus of 7SK RNA. LARP7 also carries another putative RRM domain at its C-terminus.

Pssm-ID: 409732 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 35.38 E-value: 7.01e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMN 236
Cdd:cd12290   1 TVYVELLPKNATHEWIEAVFSK-YGEVVYVSIPRYKSTGDPKGFAFIEFETSESAQKAVKHFN 62

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate ribonucleoprotein PTB-binding 2 (raver-2); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of raver-2, a novel member of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) family. It is present in vertebrates and shows high sequence homology to raver-1, a ubiquitously expressed co-repressor of the nucleoplasmic splicing repressor polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB)-directed splicing of select mRNAs. In contrast, raver-2 exerts a distinct spatio-temporal expression pattern during embryogenesis and is mainly limited to differentiated neurons and glia cells. Although it displays nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling in heterokaryons, raver2 localizes to the nucleus in glia cells and neurons. Raver-2 can interact with PTB and may participate in PTB-mediated RNA-processing. However, there is no evidence indicating that raver-2 can bind to cytoplasmic proteins. Raver-2 contains three N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), two putative nuclear localization signals (NLS) at the N- and C-termini, a central leucine-rich region, and a C-terminal region harboring two [SG][IL]LGxxP motifs. Raver-2 binds to PTB through the SLLGEPP motif only, and binds to RNA through its RRMs.

Pssm-ID: 410067 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 35.25 E-value: 7.05e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 177 VGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQ 238
Cdd:cd12666   4 ITNLPISFTLQEFEELVRA-YGNIERCFLVYSEVTGHSKGYGFVEYMKKDSAAKARLELLGK 64

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in terminal EAR1-like proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of terminal EAR1-like proteins, including terminal EAR1-like protein 1 and 2 (TEL1 and TEL2) found in land plants. They may play a role in the regulation of leaf initiation. The terminal EAR1-like proteins are putative RNA-binding proteins carrying three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and TEL characteristic motifs that allow sequence and putative functional discrimination between the terminal EAR1-like proteins and Mei2-like proteins.

Pssm-ID: 409947 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 35.21 E-value: 7.25e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 174 TVFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKaVYSSVKGAkvvndRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPM 245
Cdd:cd12527   3 SLVILNLLPAVSSFTLREIFQ-VYGDVKDV-----RETPLKPSQRFVEFFDVRDAARALHEMNGKEIFGKRL 68

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate single-stranded DNA-binding protein MSSP-1; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of MSSP-1, also termed RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein 1 (RBMS1), or suppressor of CDC2 with RNA-binding motif 2 (SCR2), a double- and single-stranded DNA binding protein that belongs to the c-myc single-strand binding proteins (MSSP) family. It specifically recognizes the sequence CT(A/T)(A/T)T, and stimulates DNA replication in the system using SV40 DNA. MSSP-1 is identical with Scr2, a human protein which complements the defect of cdc2 kinase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. MSSP-1 has been implied in regulating DNA replication, transcription, apoptosis induction, and cell-cycle movement, via the interaction with C-MYC, the product of protooncogene c-myc. MSSP-1 contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), both of which are responsible for the specific DNA binding activity as well as induction of apoptosis.

Pssm-ID: 409900 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 86 Bit Score: 35.53 E-value: 7.35e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNG 237
Cdd:cd12470  10 LYIRGLPPNTTDQDLVKLCQP-YGKIVSTKAILDKTTNKCKGYGFVDFDSPAAAQKAVSALKA 71

RNA recognition motif 1 in U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein B" (U2B") and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of U2B" (also termed U2 snRNP B") a unique protein that comprises the U2 snRNP. It was initially identified as binding to stem-loop IV (SLIV) at the 3' end of U2 snRNA. Additional research indicates U2B" binds to U1 snRNA stem-loop II (SLII) as well and shows no preference for SLIV or SLII on the basis of binding affinity. U2B" does not require an auxiliary protein for binding to RNA. In addition, the nuclear transport of U2B" is independent of U2 snRNA binding. U2B" contains two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). It also contains a nuclear localization signal (NLS) in the central domain. However, nuclear import of U2B'' does not depend on this NLS. The N-terminal RRM is sufficient to direct U2B" to the nucleus.

Pssm-ID: 409907 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 91 Bit Score: 35.68 E-value: 7.46e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 277 NTTIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLK----SVFGQFG---ELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGR 349
Cdd:cd12478   1 NHTIYINNINDKIKKEELKrslyALFSQFGhvvDIVALKTMKMRGQAFVIFKELSSATNALRQLQGFPFYGKPMRIQYAK 80


                ....
gi 18416906 350 SPSN 353
Cdd:cd12478  81 TDSD 84

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in splicing factor 3B subunit 4 (SF3B4) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of SF3B4, also termed pre-mRNA-splicing factor SF3b 49 kDa (SF3b50), or spliceosome-associated protein 49 (SAP 49). SF3B4 a component of the multiprotein complex splicing factor 3b (SF3B), an integral part of the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) and the U11/U12 di-snRNP. SF3B is essential for the accurate excision of introns from pre-messenger RNA, and is involved in the recognition of the pre-mRNA's branch site within the major and minor spliceosomes. SF3B4 functions to tether U2 snRNP with pre-mRNA at the branch site during spliceosome assembly. It is an evolutionarily highly conserved protein with orthologs across diverse species. SF3B4 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). It binds directly to pre-mRNA and also interacts directly and highly specifically with another SF3B subunit called SAP 145.

Pssm-ID: 409771 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 34.89 E-value: 7.66e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12334   1 VYVGNLDEKVTEELLWELFIQAGPVVNVHMPKDRVTQQHQGYGFVEFLSEEDADYAIKIMNM 62

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 4 (SRSF4) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of three serine/arginine (SR) proteins: serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 4 (SRSF4 or SRp75 or SFRS4), serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 5 (SRSF5 or SRp40 or SFRS5 or HRS), serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 6 (SRSF6 or SRp55). SRSF4 plays an important role in both, constitutive and alternative, splicing of many pre-mRNAs. It can shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm. SRSF5 regulates both alternative splicing and basal splicing. It is the only SR protein efficiently selected from nuclear extracts (NE) by the splicing enhancer (ESE) and is essential for enhancer activation. SRSF6 preferentially interacts with a number of purine-rich splicing enhancers (ESEs) to activate splicing of the ESE-containing exon. It is the only protein from HeLa nuclear extract or purified SR proteins that specifically binds B element RNA after UV irradiation. SRSF6 may also recognize different types of RNA sites. Members in this family contain two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), followed by a C-terminal RS domains rich in serine-arginine dipeptides.

Pssm-ID: 410012 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 72 Bit Score: 35.13 E-value: 7.74e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRC-GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12600   3 LIVENLSSRVSWQDLKDYMRQAGEVTYADAHKQRKNeGVVEFASYSDMKNAIEKLDGTELNGRKIRL 69

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the p54nrb/PSF/PSP1 family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of the p54nrb/PSF/PSP1 family, including 54 kDa nuclear RNA- and DNA-binding protein (p54nrb or NonO or NMT55), polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB)-associated-splicing factor (PSF or POMp100), paraspeckle protein 1 (PSP1 or PSPC1), which are ubiquitously expressed and are conserved in vertebrates. p54nrb is a multi-functional protein involved in numerous nuclear processes including transcriptional regulation, splicing, DNA unwinding, nuclear retention of hyperedited double-stranded RNA, viral RNA processing, control of cell proliferation, and circadian rhythm maintenance. PSF is also a multi-functional protein that binds RNA, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and many factors, and mediates diverse activities in the cell. PSP1 is a novel nucleolar factor that accumulates within a new nucleoplasmic compartment, termed paraspeckles, and diffusely distributes in the nucleoplasm. The cellular function of PSP1 remains unknown currently. This subfamily also includes some p54nrb/PSF/PSP1 homologs from invertebrate species, such as the Drosophila melanogaster gene no-ontransient A (nonA) encoding puff-specific protein Bj6 (also termed NONA) and Chironomus tentans hrp65 gene encoding protein Hrp65. D. melanogaster NONA is involved in eye development and behavior, and may play a role in circadian rhythm maintenance, similar to vertebrate p54nrb. C. tentans Hrp65 is a component of nuclear fibers associated with ribonucleoprotein particles in transit from the gene to the nuclear pore. All family members contain a DBHS domain (for Drosophila behavior, human splicing), which comprises two conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and a charged protein-protein interaction module. PSF has an additional large N-terminal domain that differentiates it from other family members.

Pssm-ID: 409769 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 34.96 E-value: 7.85e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 18416906 176 FVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKA------VYSSvkgakvvndrttgRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSRPMR 246
Cdd:cd12332   5 FVGNLPNDITEEEFKELFQKygevseVFLN-------------KGKGFGFIRLDTRANAEAAKAELDGTPRKGRQLR 68

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa (U1-70K) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of U1-70K, also termed snRNP70, a key component of the U1 snRNP complex, which is one of the key factors facilitating the splicing of pre-mRNA via interaction at the 5' splice site, and is involved in regulation of polyadenylation of some viral and cellular genes, enhancing or inhibiting efficient poly(A) site usage. U1-70K plays an essential role in targeting the U1 snRNP to the 5' splice site through protein-protein interactions with regulatory RNA-binding splicing factors, such as the RS protein ASF/SF2. Moreover, U1-70K protein can specifically bind to stem-loop I of the U1 small nuclear RNA (U1 snRNA) contained in the U1 snRNP complex. It also mediates the binding of U1C, another U1-specific protein, to the U1 snRNP complex. U1-70K contains a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), followed by an adjacent glycine-rich region at the N-terminal half, and two serine/arginine-rich (SR) domains at the C-terminal half. The RRM is responsible for the binding of stem-loop I of U1 snRNA molecule. Additionally, the most prominent immunodominant region that can be recognized by auto-antibodies from autoimmune patients may be located within the RRM. The SR domains are involved in protein-protein interaction with SR proteins that mediate 5' splice site recognition. For instance, the first SR domain is necessary and sufficient for ASF/SF2 Binding. The family also includes Drosophila U1-70K that is an essential splicing factor required for viability in flies, but its SR domain is dispensable. The yeast U1-70k doesn't contain easily recognizable SR domains and shows low sequence similarity in the RRM region with other U1-70k proteins and therefore not included in this family. The RRM domain is dispensable for yeast U1-70K function.

Pssm-ID: 409682 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 91 Bit Score: 35.67 E-value: 7.91e-03

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906  80 RSLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKQNGYSEGYGFIEF 128
Cdd:cd12236   2 KTLFVARLSYDTTESKLRREFEKYGPIKRVRLVRDKKTGKSRGYAFIEF 50

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in RNA-binding protein 7 (RBM7) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of RBM7, RBM11 and their eukaryotic homologous. RBM7 is an ubiquitously expressed pre-mRNA splicing factor that enhances messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing in a cell-specific manner or in a certain developmental process, such as spermatogenesis. It interacts with splicing factors SAP145 (the spliceosomal splicing factor 3b subunit 2) and SRp20, and may play a more specific role in meiosis entry and progression. Together with additional testis-specific RNA-binding proteins, RBM7 may regulate the splicing of specific pre-mRNA species that are important in the meiotic cell cycle. RBM11 is a novel tissue-specific splicing regulator that is selectively expressed in brain, cerebellum and testis, and to a lower extent in kidney. It is localized in the nucleoplasm and enriched in SRSF2-containing splicing speckles. It may play a role in the modulation of alternative splicing during neuron and germ cell differentiation. Both, RBM7 and RBM11, contain an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a region lacking known homology at the C-terminus. The RRM is responsible for RNA binding, whereas the C-terminal region permits nuclear localization and homodimerization.

Pssm-ID: 409773 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 75 Bit Score: 34.97 E-value: 8.00e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 18416906  80 RSLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKqNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYNG 143
Cdd:cd12336   2 RTLFVGNLDPRVTEEILYELFLQAGPLEGVKIPKDP-NGKPKNFAFVTFKHEVSVPYAIQLLNG 64

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNP M); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of hnRNP M, a pre-mRNA binding protein that may play an important role in the pre-mRNA processing. It also preferentially binds to poly(G) and poly(U) RNA homopolymers. Moreover, hnRNP M is able to interact with early spliceosomes, further influencing splicing patterns of specific pre-mRNAs. hnRNP M functions as the receptor of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that contains the penta-peptide sequence PELPK signaling motif. In addition, hnRNP M and another splicing factor Nova-1 work together as dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) pre-mRNA-binding proteins. They regulate alternative splicing of D2R pre-mRNA in an antagonistic manner. hnRNP M contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), and an unusual hexapeptide-repeat region rich in methionine and arginine residues (MR repeat motif).

Pssm-ID: 410062 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 77 Bit Score: 35.24 E-value: 8.07e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETF----KAVYSSVKgakvvndRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQYCSSR 243
Cdd:cd12661   2 IFVRNLPFDFTWKMLKDKFnecgHVLYADIK-------MENGKSKGCGVVRFESPEVAERACRMMNGIKLNGR 67

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in AZoospermia (DAZ) autosomal homologs, DAZL (DAZ-like) and BOULE; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM domain of two Deleted in AZoospermia (DAZ) autosomal homologs, DAZL (DAZ-like) and BOULE. BOULE is the founder member of the family and DAZL arose from BOULE in an ancestor of vertebrates. The DAZ gene subsequently originated from a duplication transposition of the DAZL gene. Invertebrates contain a single DAZ homolog, BOULE, while vertebrates, other than catarrhine primates, possess both BOULE and DAZL genes. The catarrhine primates possess BOULE, DAZL, and DAZ genes. The family members encode closely related RNA-binding proteins that are required for fertility in numerous organisms. These proteins contain an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a varying number of copies of a DAZ motif, believed to mediate protein-protein interactions. DAZL and BOULE contain a single copy of the DAZ motif, while DAZ proteins can contain 8-24 copies of this repeat. Although their specific biochemical functions remain to be investigated, DAZL proteins may interact with poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), and act as translational activators of specific mRNAs during gametogenesis.

Pssm-ID: 409846 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 35.28 E-value: 8.42e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906  82 LWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIRNKqNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQTYN 142
Cdd:cd12412   5 IFVGGIDWDTTEEELREFFSKFGKVKDVKIIKDR-AGVSKGYGFVTFETQEDAEKIQKWGA 64

RNA recognition motif 3 (RRM3) found in vertebrate Hu-antigen C (HuC); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM3 of HuC, also termed ELAV-like protein 3 (ELAV-3), or paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration-associated antigen, or paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis antigen 21 (PLE21), one of the neuronal members of the Hu family. The neuronal Hu proteins play important roles in neuronal differentiation, plasticity and memory. Like other Hu proteins, HuC contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). RRM1 and RRM2 may cooperate in binding to an AU-rich RNA element (ARE). The AU-rich element binding of HuC can be inhibited by flavonoids. RRM3 may help to maintain the stability of the RNA-protein complex, and might also bind to poly(A) tails or be involved in protein-protein interactions.

Pssm-ID: 410057 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 85 Bit Score: 35.42 E-value: 8.43e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 18416906 280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIP---AGKRC---GFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSPSN 353
Cdd:cd12655   4 IFVYNLSPEADESVLWQLFGPFGAVTNVKVIrdfTTNKCkgfGFVTMTNYDEAAMAIASLNGYRLGDRVLQVSFKTSKQH 83


                .
gi 18416906 354 K 354
Cdd:cd12655  84 K 84

heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R, Q family; Sequences in this subfamily include the human heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNP) R, Q, and APOBEC-1 complementation factor (aka APOBEC-1 stimulating protein). These proteins contain three RNA recognition domains (rrm: pfam00076) and a somewhat variable C-terminal domain.

Pssm-ID: 273732 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 578 Bit Score: 38.44 E-value: 8.74e-03

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 18416906   280 IFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRLSWGRSPSNKQ 355
Cdd:TIGR01648 236 LYVRNLMTTTTEEIIEKSFSEFKPGKVERVKKIRDYAFVHFEDREDAVKAMDELNGKELEGSEIEVTLAKPVDKKS 311

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein Musashi homolog 1 (Musashi-1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of Musashi-1. The mammalian MSI1 gene encoding Musashi-1 (also termed Msi1) is a neural RNA-binding protein putatively expressed in central nervous system (CNS) stem cells and neural progenitor cells, and associated with asymmetric divisions in neural progenitor cells. Musashi-1 is evolutionarily conserved from invertebrates to vertebrates. It is a homolog of Drosophila Musashi and Xenopus laevis nervous system-specific RNP protein-1 (Nrp-1) and has been implicated in the maintenance of the stem-cell state, differentiation, and tumorigenesis. It translationally regulates the expression of a mammalian numb gene by binding to the 3'-untranslated region of mRNA of Numb, encoding a membrane-associated inhibitor of Notch signaling, and further influences neural development. It represses translation by interacting with the poly(A)-binding protein and competes for binding of the eukaryotic initiation factor-4G (eIF-4G). Musashi-1 contains two conserved N-terminal tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), along with other domains of unknown function.

Pssm-ID: 409986 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 35.01 E-value: 9.07e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFadESEQI 229
Cdd:cd12572   2 IFVGGLSVNTTVEDVKQYFEQ-FGKVDDAMLMFDKTTNRHRGFGFVTF--ESEDI 53

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in yeast multiple RNA-binding domain-containing protein 1 (MRD1) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of MRD1 which is encoded by a novel yeast gene MRD1 (multiple RNA-binding domain). It is well-conserved in yeast and its homologs exist in all eukaryotes. MRD1 is present in the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. It interacts with the 35 S precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) and U3 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). MRD1 is essential for the initial processing at the A0-A2 cleavage sites in the 35 S pre-rRNA. It contains 5 conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which may play an important structural role in organizing specific rRNA processing events.

Pssm-ID: 409981 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 34.84 E-value: 9.11e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTtGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMNGQY 239
Cdd:cd12565   3 IIVKNLPKYVTEKRLKEHFSK-KGEITDVKVMRTKD-GKSRRFGFIGFKSEEEAQKAVKYFNKTF 65

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in yeast nuclear polyadenylated RNA-binding protein 3 (Nab3p) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of Nab3p, an acidic nuclear polyadenylated RNA-binding protein encoded by Saccharomyces cerevisiae NAB3 gene that is essential for cell viability. Nab3p is predominantly localized within the nucleoplasm and essential for growth in yeast. It may play an important role in packaging pre-mRNAs into ribonucleoprotein structures amenable to efficient nuclear RNA processing. Nab3p contains an N-terminal aspartic/glutamic acid-rich region, a central RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a C-terminal region rich in glutamine and proline residues.

Pssm-ID: 240788 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 71 Bit Score: 34.73 E-value: 9.24e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906 287 QSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKrcGFVQYANRACAEQALSVLNGTQLGGQSIRL 345
Cdd:cd12342  10 KRVSKEDLFRIFSPYGHLMQIVIKNAF--GFVQFDSPQSCRNAIECEQGEMNRGKKLHL 66

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein Musashi homolog 2 (Musashi-2) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM2 of Musashi-2 (also termed Msi2) which has been identified as a regulator of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment and of leukemic stem cells after transplantation of cells with loss and gain of function of the gene. It influences proliferation and differentiation of HSCs and myeloid progenitors, and further modulates normal hematopoiesis and promotes aggressive myeloid leukemia. Musashi-2 contains two conserved N-terminal tandem RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), along with other domains of unknown function.

Pssm-ID: 409987 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 76 Bit Score: 34.99 E-value: 9.62e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAvYSSVKGAKVVNDRTTGRSKGYGFVRFADE 225
Cdd:cd12573   3 IFVGGLSANTVVEDVKQYFEQ-FGKVEDAMLMFDKTTNRHRGFGFVTFENE 52

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in protein BOULE; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of BOULE, the founder member of the human DAZ gene family. Invertebrates contain a single BOULE, while vertebrates, other than catarrhine primates, possess both BOULE and DAZL genes. The catarrhine primates possess BOULE, DAZL, and DAZ genes. BOULE encodes an RNA-binding protein containing an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), and a single copy of the DAZ motif. Although its specific biochemical functions remains to be investigated, BOULE protein may interact with poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs), and act as translational activators of specific mRNAs during gametogenesis.

Pssm-ID: 410074 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 81 Bit Score: 34.86 E-value: 9.70e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 18416906  81 SLWIGDLQPWMDENYLMNVFGLTGEATAAKVIrNKQNGYSEGYGFIEFVNHATAERNLQ 139
Cdd:cd12673   4 RIFVGGIDFKTNENDLRKFFAQYGSVKEVKIV-NDRAGVSKGYGFITFETQEDAQKILQ 61

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein 47 (RBM47); This subgroup corresponds to the RRM1 of RBM47, a putative RNA-binding protein that shows high sequence homology with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R (hnRNP R) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Q (hnRNP Q). Its biological function remains unclear. Like hnRNP R and hnRNP Q, RBM47 contains two well-defined and one degenerated RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

Pssm-ID: 240929 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 78 Bit Score: 34.94 E-value: 9.92e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 18416906 175 VFVGDLAPDVTDHMLTETFKAVySSVKGAKVVNDrTTGRSKGYGFVRFADESEQIRAMTEMN 236
Cdd:cd12485   4 VFVGKIPRDVYEDELVPVFESV-GRIYEMRLMMD-FDGKNRGYAFVMYTQKHEAKRAVRELN 63

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in vertebrate RNA-binding protein 39 (RBM39) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of RNA-binding protein 39 (RBM39), RNA-binding protein 23 (RBM23) and similar proteins. RBM39 (also termed HCC1) is a nuclear autoantigen that contains an N-terminal arginine/serine rich (RS) motif and three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). An octapeptide sequence called the RS-ERK motif is repeated six times in the RS region of RBM39. Although the cellular function of RBM23 remains unclear, it shows high sequence homology to RBM39 and contains two RRMs. It may possibly function as a pre-mRNA splicing factor.

Pssm-ID: 409725 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 34.90 E-value: 9.97e-03

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 18416906 279 TIFVGAVDQSVTEDDLKSVFGQFGELVHVKIPAGKRCG------FVQYANRACAEQALSvLNGTQLGGQSI 343
Cdd:cd12283   1 TVFVMQLSLKARERDLYEFFSKAGKVRDVRLIMDRNSRrskgvaYVEFYDVESVPLALA-LTGQRLLGQPI 70