ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin domain-containing protein 2 (UBTD2); UBTD2, also termed dendritic cell-derived ubiquitin-like protein (DC-UbP), or ubiquitin-like protein SB72, is a potential ubiquitin shuttle protein firstly identified in dendritic cells and implicated in apoptosis. It binds proteins involved in the ubiquitination pathway and may play an important role in regulating protein ubiquitination and delivery of ubiquitinated substrates in eukaryotic cells. UBTD2 is expressed in tumor cells but not in normal human adult tissue suggesting a role in tumorogenesis. It can potentially regulate the stability of proteins involved in various physiological processes relevant to many disease phenotypes, such as ageing and cancer. UBTD2 reconciles protein ubiquitination and deubiquitination via linking UbE1 and USP5 enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1215487765 151 ECQLRLRLSTGKDLKLMVRSMDTVYHMKRRLHAVEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLADKMKLEELKIPKDYVVQVIVSQP 225
Cdd:cd17121     1 ECQLRLRLSTGKDLKLAVRSTDTVYHMKRRLHTAEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLTDKMKLEELKIPKDYVVQVIVSQP 75

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin domain-containing protein 2 (UBTD2); UBTD2, also termed dendritic cell-derived ubiquitin-like protein (DC-UbP), or ubiquitin-like protein SB72, is a potential ubiquitin shuttle protein firstly identified in dendritic cells and implicated in apoptosis. It binds proteins involved in the ubiquitination pathway and may play an important role in regulating protein ubiquitination and delivery of ubiquitinated substrates in eukaryotic cells. UBTD2 is expressed in tumor cells but not in normal human adult tissue suggesting a role in tumorogenesis. It can potentially regulate the stability of proteins involved in various physiological processes relevant to many disease phenotypes, such as ageing and cancer. UBTD2 reconciles protein ubiquitination and deubiquitination via linking UbE1 and USP5 enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1215487765 151 ECQLRLRLSTGKDLKLMVRSMDTVYHMKRRLHAVEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLADKMKLEELKIPKDYVVQVIVSQP 225
Cdd:cd17121     1 ECQLRLRLSTGKDLKLAVRSTDTVYHMKRRLHTAEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLTDKMKLEELKIPKDYVVQVIVSQP 75

Ubiquitin homologues; Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis is involved in the regulated turnover of proteins required for controlling cell cycle progression

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1215487765  153 QLRLRLSTGKDLKLMVRSMDTVYHMKRRLHAVEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLADKMKLEELKIPKDYVVQVIVS 223
Cdd:smart00213   2 ELTVKTLDGKTITLEVKPSDTVSELKEKIAELTGIPPEQQRLIYKGKVLEDDRTLADYGIQDGSTIHLVLR 72

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin domain-containing protein 2 (UBTD2); UBTD2, also termed dendritic cell-derived ubiquitin-like protein (DC-UbP), or ubiquitin-like protein SB72, is a potential ubiquitin shuttle protein firstly identified in dendritic cells and implicated in apoptosis. It binds proteins involved in the ubiquitination pathway and may play an important role in regulating protein ubiquitination and delivery of ubiquitinated substrates in eukaryotic cells. UBTD2 is expressed in tumor cells but not in normal human adult tissue suggesting a role in tumorogenesis. It can potentially regulate the stability of proteins involved in various physiological processes relevant to many disease phenotypes, such as ageing and cancer. UBTD2 reconciles protein ubiquitination and deubiquitination via linking UbE1 and USP5 enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1215487765 151 ECQLRLRLSTGKDLKLMVRSMDTVYHMKRRLHAVEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLADKMKLEELKIPKDYVVQVIVSQP 225
Cdd:cd17121     1 ECQLRLRLSTGKDLKLAVRSTDTVYHMKRRLHTAEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLTDKMKLEELKIPKDYVVQVIVSQP 75

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin domain-containing protein 1 (UBTD1); UBTD1 is the mammalian homolog of the mitochondrial Dc-UbP/UBTD2 protein, both of which contain an N-terminal ubiquitin binding domain (UBD) and a C-terminal ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain with a beta-grasp Ubl fold, a common structure involved in protein-protein interactions. UBTD1 stably interacts with the UBE2D family of E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzymes. As a tumor suppressor, UBTD1 plays a pivotal role in in regulating cellular senescence that mediates p53 function. It is also involved in MDM2 ubiquitination and degradation.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1215487765 154 LRLRLSTGKDLKLMVRSMDTVYHMKRRLHAVEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLADKMKLEELKIPKDYVVQVIV 222
Cdd:cd17120     1 LKVRLSTGKDVRLSASMSDTIGQLKKQLHAQEGIEPSWQRWFFSGKLLTDKTRLQETKIQKDFVIQVIV 69

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like Ubl proteins; Ubiquitin-like (Ubl) proteins have a similar ubiquitin (Ub) beta-grasp fold and attach to other proteins in a Ubl manner but with biochemically distinct roles. Ub and Ubl proteins conjugate and deconjugate via ligases and peptidases to covalently modify target polypeptides. Some Ubl domains have adaptor roles in Ub-signaling by mediating protein-protein interaction. Prokaryotic sulfur carrier proteins are Ub-related proteins that can be activated in an ATP-dependent manner. Polyubiquitination signals for a diverse set of cellular events via different isopeptide linkages formed between the C terminus of one ubiquitin (Ub) and the epsilon-amine of K6, K11, K27, K29, K33, K48, or K63 of a second Ub. One of these seven lysine residues (K27, Ub numbering) is conserved in this Ubl_ubiquitin_like family. K27-linked Ub chains are versatile and can be recognized by several downstream receptor proteins. K27 has roles beyond chain linkage, such as in Ubl NEDD8 (which contains many of the same lysines (K6, K11, K27, K33, K48) as Ub) where K27 has a role (other than conjugation) in the mechanism of protein neddylation.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1215487765 154 LRLRLSTGKDLKLMVRSMDTVYHMKRRLHAVEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLADKMKLEELKIPKDYVVQVI 221
Cdd:cd17039     1 ITVKTLDGKTYTVEVDPDDTVADLKEKIEEKTGIPVEQQRLIYNGKELKDDKTLSDYGIKDGSTIHLV 68

Ubiquitin homologues; Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis is involved in the regulated turnover of proteins required for controlling cell cycle progression

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1215487765  153 QLRLRLSTGKDLKLMVRSMDTVYHMKRRLHAVEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLADKMKLEELKIPKDYVVQVIVS 223
Cdd:smart00213   2 ELTVKTLDGKTITLEVKPSDTVSELKEKIAELTGIPPEQQRLIYKGKVLEDDRTLADYGIQDGSTIHLVLR 72

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin; Ubiquitin is a protein modifier in eukaryotes that is involved in various cellular processes, including transcriptional regulation, cell cycle control, and DNA repair. Ubiquitination is comprised of a cascade of E1, E2 and E3 enzymes that results in a covalent bond between the C-terminus of ubiquitin and the epsilon-amino group of a substrate lysine. Ubiquitin-like (Ubl) proteins have similar ubiquitin beta-grasp fold and attach to other proteins in a Ubl manner but with biochemically distinct roles. Ubiquitin (Ub)and Ubl proteins conjugate and deconjugate via ligases and peptidases to covalently modify target polypeptides. Ub includes Ubq/RPL40e and Ubq/RPS27a fusions as well as homopolymeric multiubiquitin protein chains.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1215487765 153 QLRLRLSTGKDLKLMVRSMDTVYHMKRRLHAVEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLADKMKLEELKIPKD 215
Cdd:cd01803     2 QIFVKTLTGKTITLEVEPSDTIENVKAKIQDKEGIPPDQQRLIFAGKQLEDGRTLSDYNIQKE 64

ubiquitin; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1215487765 153 QLRLRLSTGKDLKLMVRSMDTVYHMKRRLHAVEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLADKMKLEELKI-PKDYVVQVI 221
Cdd:PTZ00044    2 QILIKTLTGKKQSFNFEPDNTVQQVKMALQEKEGIDVKQIRLIYSGKQMSDDLKLSDYKVvPGSTIHMVL 71

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin-like PHD and RING finger domain-containing protein 1(UHRF1); UHRF1, also termed inverted CCAAT box-binding protein of 90 kDa, or nuclear protein 95, or nuclear zinc finger protein Np95 (Np95), or RING finger protein 106, or transcription factor ICBP90, or E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UHRF1, is a unique chromatin effector protein that integrates the recognition of both histone PTMs and DNA methylation. It is essential for cell proliferation and plays a critical role in the development and progression of many human carcinomas, such as laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, and breast cancer. UHRF1 can acts as a transcriptional repressor through its binding to histone H3 when it is unmodified at Arg2. Its overexpression in human lung fibroblasts results in downregulation of expression of the tumor suppressor pRB. It also plays a role in transcriptional repression of the cell cycle regulator p21.Moreover, UHRF1-dependent repression of factors can facilitate the G1-S transition. It interacts with Tat-interacting protein of 60 kDa (TIP60) and induces degradation-independent ubiquitination ofTIP60. It is also an N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase (MPG)-interacting protein that binds MPG in a p53status-independent manner in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway. In addition, UHRF1 functions as an epigenetic regulator that is important for multiple aspects of epigenetic regulation, including maintenance of DNA methylation patterns and recognition of various histone modifications. UHRF1 contains an N-terminal ubiquitin-like domain (Ubl), a tandem Tudor domain (TTD), a plant homeodomain (PHD) finger, a SET and RING finger associated (SRA) domain, and a C-terminal RING-finger domain. It specifically binds to hemimethylated DNA, double-stranded CpG dinucleotides, and recruits the maintenance methyltransferase DNMT1 to its hemimethylated DNA substrate through its SRA domain. UHRF1-dependent H3K23 ubiquitination has an essential role in maintenance DNA methylation and replication. The tandem Tudor domain directs UHRF1 binding to the heterochromatin mark histone H3K9me3 and the PHD finger targets UHRF1 to unmodified histone H3 in euchromatic regions. The RING-finger domain exhibits both autocatalytic E3 ubiquitin (Ub) ligase activity and activity against histone H3 and DNMT1.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1215487765 166 LMVRSMD--------------TVYHMKRRLHAVEGVEPGSQRWFFSGRPLADKMKLEELKIPKDYVVQVIV 222
Cdd:cd17122     3 IQVRTMDgkethridslskltKVEELRQKIQELFGVEPERQRLFYRGKQMEDGHTLFDYSVGLNDIVQLLV 73