Type 2 periplasmic binding fold superfamily; This evolutionary model and hierarchy represent the ligand-binding domains found in solute binding proteins that serve as initial receptors in the transport, signal transduction and channel gating. The PBP2 proteins share the same architecture as periplasmic binding proteins type 1 (PBP1), but have a different topology. They are typically comprised of two globular subdomains connected by a flexible hinge and bind their ligand in the cleft between these domains in a manner resembling a Venus flytrap. The origin of PBP module can be traced across the distant phyla, including eukaryotes, archebacteria, and prokaryotes. The majority of PBP2 proteins are involved in the uptake of a variety of soluble substrates such as phosphate, sulfate, polysaccharides, lysine/arginine/ornithine, and histidine. After binding their specific ligand with high affinity, they can interact with a cognate membrane transport complex comprised of two integral membrane domains and two cytoplasmically located ATPase domains. This interaction triggers the ligand translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane energized by ATP hydrolysis. Besides transport proteins, the family includes ionotropic glutamate receptors and unorthodox sensor proteins involved in signal transduction. The substrate binding domain of the LysR transcriptional regulators and the oligopeptide-like transport systems also contain the type 2 periplasmic binding fold and thus they are significantly homologous to that of the PBP2; however, these two families are grouped into a separate hierarchy of the PBP2 superfamily due to the large number of protein sequences.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1549035508  25 HKCIGWRQSPEVAPYRWPFEENGRTFDLAIEPQITTNDLRLMLRLALAGGGITIATQETFRPYIESGRLVSLLDDFLPQF 104
Cdd:cd08474    99 HRCIRYRFPTSGALYRWEFERGGRELEVDVEGPLILNDSDLMLDAALDGLGIAYLFEDLVAEHLASGRLVRVLEDWSPPF 178

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....
gi 1549035508 105 PGFYLYFPQRRNIAPKLRALIDHV 128
Cdd:cd08474   179 PGGYLYYPSRRRVPPALRAFIDFL 202

The C-terminal substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator CrgA-like, contains the type 2 periplasmic binding fold; This CD represents the substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR) CrgA-like 5. The LTTRs are acting as both auto-repressors and activators of target promoters, controlling operons involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as amino acid biosynthesis, CO2 fixation, antibiotic resistance, degradation of aromatic compounds, nodule formation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and synthesis of virulence factors, to name a few. In contrast to the tetrameric form of other LTTRs, CrgA from Neisseria meningitides assembles into an octameric ring, which can bind up to four 63-bp DNA oligonucleotides. Phylogenetic cluster analysis showed that the CrgA-like regulators form a subclass of the LTTRs that function as octamers. The CrgA is an auto-repressor of its own gene and activates the expression of the mdaB gene which coding for an NADPH-quinone reductase and that its action is increased by MBL (alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone), an inducer of NADPH-quinone oxidoreductase. The structural topology of this substrate-binding domain is most similar to that of the type 2 periplasmic binding proteins (PBP2), which are responsible for the uptake of a variety of substrates such as phosphate, sulfate, polysaccharides, lysine/arginine/ornithine, and histidine. The PBP2 bind their ligand in the cleft between these domains in a manner resembling a Venus flytrap. After binding their specific ligand with high affinity, they can interact with a cognate membrane transport complex comprised of two integral membrane domains and two cytoplasmically located ATPase domains. This interaction triggers the ligand translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane energized by ATP hydrolysis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1549035508  25 HKCIGWRQSPEVAPYRWPFEENGRTFDLAIEPQITTNDLRLMLRLALAGGGITIATQETFRPYIESGRLVSLLDDFLPQF 104
Cdd:cd08474    99 HRCIRYRFPTSGALYRWEFERGGRELEVDVEGPLILNDSDLMLDAALDGLGIAYLFEDLVAEHLASGRLVRVLEDWSPPF 178

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....
gi 1549035508 105 PGFYLYFPQRRNIAPKLRALIDHV 128
Cdd:cd08474   179 PGGYLYYPSRRRVPPALRAFIDFL 202

DNA-binding transcriptional regulator, LysR family [Transcription];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1549035508  72 AGGGITIATQETFRPYIESGRLVSL-LDDFLPQFPgFYLYFPQRRNIAPKLRALIDHVKEWRQQ 134
Cdd:COG0583   194 AGLGIALLPRFLAADELAAGRLVALpLPDPPPPRP-LYLVWRRRRHLSPAVRAFLDFLREALAE 256

Phosphocholine cytidylyltransferases catalyze the synthesis of CDP-choline; This family contains proteins similar to prokaryotic phosphocholine (P-cho) cytidylyltransferases. Phosphocholine (PC) cytidylyltransferases catalyze the transfer of a cytidine monophosphate from CTP to phosphocholine to form CDP-choline. PC is the most abundant phospholipid in eukaryotic membranes and it is also important in prokaryotic membranes. For pathogenic prokaryotes, the cell surface PC facilitates the interaction with host surface and induces attachment and invasion. In addition cell wall PC serves as scaffold for a group of choline-binding proteins that are secreted from the cells. Phosphocholine (PC) cytidylyltransferase is a key enzyme in the prokaryotic choline metabolism pathway. It has been hypothesized to consist of a choline transport system, a choline kinase, CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase, and a choline phosphotransferase that transfers P-Cho from CDP-Cho to either lipoteichoic acid or lipopolysaccharide.

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|..
gi 1549035508   6 VLILAAGRGKRFLTSGGNTHKC 27
Cdd:cd02523     1 AIILAAGRGSRLRPLTEDRPKC 22

The C-terminal substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator CrgA-like, contains the type 2 periplasmic binding fold; This CD represents the substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR) CrgA-like 5. The LTTRs are acting as both auto-repressors and activators of target promoters, controlling operons involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as amino acid biosynthesis, CO2 fixation, antibiotic resistance, degradation of aromatic compounds, nodule formation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and synthesis of virulence factors, to name a few. In contrast to the tetrameric form of other LTTRs, CrgA from Neisseria meningitides assembles into an octameric ring, which can bind up to four 63-bp DNA oligonucleotides. Phylogenetic cluster analysis showed that the CrgA-like regulators form a subclass of the LTTRs that function as octamers. The CrgA is an auto-repressor of its own gene and activates the expression of the mdaB gene which coding for an NADPH-quinone reductase and that its action is increased by MBL (alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone), an inducer of NADPH-quinone oxidoreductase. The structural topology of this substrate-binding domain is most similar to that of the type 2 periplasmic binding proteins (PBP2), which are responsible for the uptake of a variety of substrates such as phosphate, sulfate, polysaccharides, lysine/arginine/ornithine, and histidine. The PBP2 bind their ligand in the cleft between these domains in a manner resembling a Venus flytrap. After binding their specific ligand with high affinity, they can interact with a cognate membrane transport complex comprised of two integral membrane domains and two cytoplasmically located ATPase domains. This interaction triggers the ligand translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane energized by ATP hydrolysis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1549035508  25 HKCIGWRQSPEVAPYRWPFEENGRTFDLAIEPQITTNDLRLMLRLALAGGGITIATQETFRPYIESGRLVSLLDDFLPQF 104
Cdd:cd08474    99 HRCIRYRFPTSGALYRWEFERGGRELEVDVEGPLILNDSDLMLDAALDGLGIAYLFEDLVAEHLASGRLVRVLEDWSPPF 178

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....
gi 1549035508 105 PGFYLYFPQRRNIAPKLRALIDHV 128
Cdd:cd08474   179 PGGYLYYPSRRRVPPALRAFIDFL 202

The C-terminal substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator CrgA-like, contains the type 2 periplasmic binding fold; This CD represents the substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR) CrgA-like 3. The LTTRs are acting as both auto-repressors and activators of target promoters, controlling operons involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as amino acid biosynthesis, CO2 fixation, antibiotic resistance, degradation of aromatic compounds, nodule formation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and synthesis of virulence factors, to name a few. In contrast to the tetrameric form of other LTTRs, CrgA from Neisseria meningitides assembles into an octameric ring, which can bind up to four 63-bp DNA oligonucleotides. Phylogenetic cluster analysis showed that the CrgA-like regulators form a subclass of the LTTRs that function as octamers. The CrgA is an auto-repressor of its own gene and activates the expression of the mdaB gene which coding for an NADPH-quinone reductase and that its action is increased by MBL (alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone), an inducer of NADPH-quinone oxidoreductase. The structural topology of this substrate-binding domain is most similar to that of the type 2 periplasmic binding proteins (PBP2), which are responsible for the uptake of a variety of substrates such as phosphate, sulfate, polysaccharides, lysine/arginine/ornithine, and histidine. The PBP2 bind their ligand in the cleft between these domains in a manner resembling a Venus flytrap. After binding their specific ligand with high affinity, they can interact with a cognate membrane transport complex comprised of two integral membrane domains and two cytoplasmically located ATPase domains. This interaction triggers the ligand translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane energized by ATP hydrolysis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1549035508  25 HKCIGWRQSPEVAPYRWPFEENGRTFDLAIEPQITTNDLRLMLRLALAGGGITIATQETFRPYIESGRLVSLLDDFLPQF 104
Cdd:cd08472    96 HRAVGYFSARTGRVLPWEFQRDGEEREVKLPSRVSVNDSEAYLAAALAGLGIIQVPRFMVRPHLASGRLVEVLPDWRPPP 175

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1549035508 105 PGFYLYFPQRRNIAPKLRALIDHVKE 130
Cdd:cd08472   176 LPVSLLYPHRRHLSPRVRVFVDWVAE 201

The C-terminal substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator CrgA-like, contains the type 2 periplasmic binding domain; This CD represents the substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR) CrgA-like 1. The LTTRs are acting as both auto-repressors and activators of target promoters, controlling operons involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as amino acid biosynthesis, CO2 fixation, antibiotic resistance, degradation of aromatic compounds, nodule formation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and synthesis of virulence factors, to name a few. In contrast to the tetrameric form of other LTTRs, CrgA from Neisseria meningitides assembles into an octameric ring, which can bind up to four 63-bp DNA oligonucleotides. Phylogenetic cluster analysis showed that the CrgA-like regulators form a subclass of the LTTRs that function as octamers. The CrgA is an auto-repressor of its own gene and activates the expression of the mdaB gene which coding for an NADPH-quinone reductase and that its action is increased by MBL (alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone), an inducer of NADPH-quinone oxidoreductase. The structural topology of this substrate-binding domain is most similar to that of the type 2 periplasmic binding proteins (PBP2), which are responsible for the uptake of a variety of substrates such as phosphate, sulfate, polysaccharides, lysine/arginine/ornithine, and histidine. The PBP2 bind their ligand in the cleft between these domains in a manner resembling a Venus flytrap. After binding their specific ligand with high affinity, they can interact with a cognate membrane transport complex comprised of two integral membrane domains and two cytoplasmically located ATPase domains. This interaction triggers the ligand translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane energized by ATP hydrolysis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1549035508  41 WPFEENGRTFDLAIEPQITTNDLRLMLRLALAGGGITIATQETFRPYIESGRLVSLLDDFLPQFPGFYLYFPQRRNIAPK 120
Cdd:cd08470   106 WRFQENGRERSVRVQGRWRCNSGVALLDAALKGMGLAQLPDYYVDEHLAAGRLVPVLEDYRPPDEGIWALYPHNRHLSPK 185

                          90
                  ....*....|
gi 1549035508 121 LRALIDHVKE 130
Cdd:cd08470   186 VRLLVDYLAD 195

The C-terminal substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator CrgA-like, contains the type 2 periplasmic binding fold; This CD represents the substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR) CrgA-like 2. The LTTRs are acting as both auto-repressors and activators of target promoters, controlling operons involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as amino acid biosynthesis, CO2 fixation, antibiotic resistance, degradation of aromatic compounds, nodule formation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and synthesis of virulence factors, to name a few. In contrast to the tetrameric form of other LTTRs, CrgA from Neisseria meningitides assembles into an octameric ring, which can bind up to four 63-bp DNA oligonucleotides. Phylogenetic cluster analysis showed that the CrgA-like regulators form a subclass of the LTTRs that function as octamers. The CrgA is an auto-repressor of its own gene and activates the expression of the mdaB gene which coding for an NADPH-quinone reductase and that its action is increased by MBL (alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone), an inducer of NADPH-quinone oxidoreductase. The structural topology of this substrate-binding domain is most similar to that of the type 2 periplasmic binding proteins (PBP2), which are responsible for the uptake of a variety of substrates such as phosphate, sulfate, polysaccharides, lysine/arginine/ornithine, and histidine. The PBP2 bind their ligand in the cleft between these domains in a manner resembling a Venus flytrap. After binding their specific ligand with high affinity, they can interact with a cognate membrane transport complex comprised of two integral membrane domains and two cytoplasmically located ATPase domains. This interaction triggers the ligand translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane energized by ATP hydrolysis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1549035508  25 HKCIGWRQSPevAPYRWPFEENGRTFDLAIEPQITTNDLRLMLRLALAGGGITIATQETFRPYIESGRLVSLLDDF-LPQ 103
Cdd:cd08471    96 HDCIAFTGLS--PAPEWRFREGGKERSVRVRPRLTVNTVEAAIAAALAGLGLTRVLSYQVAEELAAGRLQRVLEDFePPP 173

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1549035508 104 FPgFYLYFPQRRNIAPKLRALIDHVKE 130
Cdd:cd08471   174 LP-VHLVHPEGRLAPAKVRAFVDFAVP 199

The C-terminal substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator CrgA-like, contains the type 2 periplasmic binding fold; This CD represents the substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR) CrgA-like 9. The LTTRs are acting as both auto-repressors and activators of target promoters, controlling operons involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as amino acid biosynthesis, CO2 fixation, antibiotic resistance, degradation of aromatic compounds, nodule formation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and synthesis of virulence factors, to name a few. In contrast to the tetrameric form of other LTTRs, CrgA from Neisseria meningitides assembles into an octameric ring, which can bind up to four 63-bp DNA oligonucleotides. Phylogenetic cluster analysis showed that the CrgA-like regulators form a subclass of the LTTRs that function as octamers. The CrgA is an auto-repressor of its own gene and activates the expression of the mdaB gene which coding for an NADPH-quinone reductase and that its action is increased by MBL (alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone), an inducer of NADPH-quinone oxidoreductase. The structural topology of this substrate-binding domain is most similar to that of the type 2 periplasmic binding proteins (PBP2), which are responsible for the uptake of a variety of substrates such as phosphate, sulfate, polysaccharides, lysine/arginine/ornithine, and histidine. The PBP2 bind their ligand in the cleft between these domains in a manner resembling a Venus flytrap. After binding their specific ligand with high affinity, they can interact with a cognate membrane transport complex comprised of two integral membrane domains and two cytoplasmically located ATPase domains. This interaction triggers the ligand translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane energized by ATP hydrolysis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1549035508  25 HKCIGWRQSPEvaPYR-WPFEENGRTFDLAIEPQITTNDLRLMLRLALAGGGITIATQETFRPYIESGRLVSLLDDFLPQ 103
Cdd:cd08479    96 HDCLVIRENDE--DFGlWRLRNGDGEATVRVRGALSSNDGEVVLQWALDGHGIILRSEWDVAPYLRSGRLVRVLPDWQLP 173

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....
gi 1549035508 104 FPGFYLYFPQRRNIAPKLRALIDH 127
Cdd:cd08479   174 DADIWAVYPSRLSRSARVRVFVDF 197

The C-terminal substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator CrgA-like, contains the type 2 periplasmic binding fold; This CD represents the substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR) CrgA-like 7. The LTTRs are acting as both auto-repressors and activators of target promoters, controlling operons involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as amino acid biosynthesis, CO2 fixation, antibiotic resistance, degradation of aromatic compounds, nodule formation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and synthesis of virulence factors, to name a few. In contrast to the tetrameric form of other LTTRs, CrgA from Neisseria meningitides assembles into an octameric ring, which can bind up to four 63-bp DNA oligonucleotides. Phylogenetic cluster analysis showed that the CrgA-like regulators form a subclass of the LTTRs that function as octamers. The CrgA is an auto-repressor of its own gene and activates the expression of the mdaB gene which coding for an NADPH-quinone reductase and that its action is increased by MBL (alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone), an inducer of NADPH-quinone oxidoreductase. The structural topology of this substrate-binding domain is most similar to that of the type 2 periplasmic binding proteins (PBP2), which are responsible for the uptake of a variety of substrates such as phosphate, sulfate, polysaccharides, lysine/arginine/ornithine, and histidine. The PBP2 bind their ligand in the cleft between these domains in a manner resembling a Venus flytrap. After binding their specific ligand with high affinity, they can interact with a cognate membrane transport complex comprised of two integral membrane domains and two cytoplasmically located ATPase domains. This interaction triggers the ligand translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane energized by ATP hydrolysis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1549035508  25 HKCIGWRqSPEVAPYR-WPFEENGRTFDLAIEPQITTNDLRLMLRLALAGGGITIATQETFRPYIESGRLVSLLDDFLPQ 103
Cdd:cd08476    94 HACLRYR-FPTTGKLEpWPLRGDGGDPELRLPTALVCNNIEALIEFALQGLGIACLPDFSVREALADGRLVTVLDDYVEE 172

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1549035508 104 FPGFYLYFPQRRNIAPKLRALIDHV 128
Cdd:cd08476   173 RGQFRLLWPSSRHLSPKLRVFVDFM 197

The C-terminal substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator CrgA-like, contains the type 2 periplasmic binding fold; This CD represents the substrate binding domain of an uncharacterized LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR) CrgA-like 10. The LTTRs are acting as both auto-repressors and activators of target promoters, controlling operons involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as amino acid biosynthesis, CO2 fixation, antibiotic resistance, degradation of aromatic compounds, nodule formation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and synthesis of virulence factors, to name a few. In contrast to the tetrameric form of other LTTRs, CrgA from Neisseria meningitides assembles into an octameric ring, which can bind up to four 63-bp DNA oligonucleotides. Phylogenetic cluster analysis showed that the CrgA-like regulators form a subclass of the LTTRs that function as octamers. The CrgA is an auto-repressor of its own gene and activates the expression of the mdaB gene which coding for an NADPH-quinone reductase and that its action is increased by MBL (alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone), an inducer of NADPH-quinone oxidoreductase. The structural topology of this substrate-binding domain is most similar to that of the type 2 periplasmic binding proteins (PBP2), which are responsible for the uptake of a variety of substrates such as phosphate, sulfate, polysaccharides, lysine/arginine/ornithine, and histidine. The PBP2 bind their ligand in the cleft between these domains in a manner resembling a Venus flytrap. After binding their specific ligand with high affinity, they can interact with a cognate membrane transport complex comprised of two integral membrane domains and two cytoplasmically located ATPase domains. This interaction triggers the ligand translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane energized by ATP hydrolysis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1549035508  25 HKCIGW---RQSPEvapyrWPFEENGRTFDLAIEPQITTNDLRLMLRLALAGGGITIATQETFRPYIESGRLVSLLDDFL 101
Cdd:cd08480    96 HNCLGFnfrRALPD-----WPFRDGGRIVALPVSGNILVNDGEALRRLALAGAGLARLALFHVADDIAAGRLVPVLEEYN 170

                  .
gi 1549035508 102 P 102
Cdd:cd08480   171 P 171

The C-terminal substrate domain of LysR-type GcdR, TrPI, HvR and beta-lactamase regulators, and that of other closely related homologs; contains the type 2 periplasmic binding fold; This CD includes the C-terminal substrate domain of LysR-type transcriptional regulators involved in controlling the expression of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GcdH), S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase, cell division protein FtsW, tryptophan synthase, and beta-lactamase. The structural topology of this substrate-binding domain is most similar to that of the type 2 periplasmic binding proteins (PBP2), which are responsible for the uptake of a variety of substrates such as phosphate, sulfate, polysaccharides, lysine/arginine/ornithine, and histidine. The PBP2 bind their ligand in the cleft between these domains in a manner resembling a Venus flytrap. After binding their specific ligand with high affinity, they can interact with a cognate membrane transport complex comprised of two integral membrane domains and two cytoplasmically located ATPase domains. This interaction triggers the ligand translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane energized by ATP hydrolysis.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1549035508  73 GGGITIATQETFRPYIESGRLVSLLDDFLPQFPGFYLYFPQRRNIAPKLRALID 126
Cdd:cd08432   139 GLGVALAPRALVADDLAAGRLVRPFDLPLPSGGAYYLVYPPGRAESPAVAAFRD 192