2-oxoacid:acceptor oxidoreductase subunit alpha such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis 2-oxoglutarate oxidoreductase subunit KorA, which is a component of the enzyme that catalyzes the CoA-dependent oxidative decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) to succinyl-CoA
2-oxoacid:acceptor oxidoreductase, alpha subunit; This family of proteins contains a ...
4-574
0e+00
2-oxoacid:acceptor oxidoreductase, alpha subunit; This family of proteins contains a C-terminal thiamine diphosphate (TPP) binding domain typical of flavodoxin/ferredoxin oxidoreductases (pfam01855) as well as an N-terminal domain similar to the gamma subunit of the same group of oxidoreductases (pfam01558). The genes represented by this model are always found in association with a neighboring gene for a beta subunit (TIGR02177) which also occurs in a 4-subunit (alpha/beta/gamma/ferredoxin) version of the system. This alpha/gamma plus beta structure was used to define the set of sequences to include in this model. This pair of genes is not consistantly observed in proximity to any electron acceptor genes, but is found next to putative ferredoxins or ferredoxin-domain proteins in Azoarcus sp. EbN1, Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 110, Frankia sp. CcI3, Rhodoferax ferrireducens DSM 15236, Rhodopseudomonas palustris BisB5, Os, Sphingomonas wittichii RW1 and Streptomyces clavuligerus. Other potential acceptors are also sporadically observed in close proximity including ferritin-like proteins, reberythrin, peroxiredoxin and a variety of other flavin and iron-sulfur cluster-containing proteins. The phylogenetic distribution of this family encompasses archaea, a number of deeply-branching bacterial clades and only a small number of firmicutes and proteobacteria. The enzyme from Sulfolobus has been characterized with respect to its substrate specificity, which is described as wide, encompassing various 2-oxoacids such as 2-oxoglutarate, 2-oxobutyrate and pyruvate. The enzyme from Hydrogenobacter thermophilus has been shown to have a high specificity towards 2-oxoglutarate and is one of the key enzymes in the reverse TCA cycle in this organism. Furthermore, considering its binding of coenzyme A, it can be reasonably inferred that the product of the reaction is succinyl-CoA. The genes for this enzyme in Prevotella intermedia 17, Persephonella marina EX-H1 and Picrophilus torridus DSM 9790 are in close proximity to a variety of TCA cycle genes. Persephonella marina and P. torridus are believed to encode complete TCA cycles, and none of these contains the lipoate-based 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1/E2/E3) system. That system is presumed to be replaced by this one. In fact, the lipoate system is absent in most organisms possessing a member of this family, providing additional circumstantial evidence that many of these enzymes are capable of acting as 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenases and
:
Pssm-ID: 274738 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 562 Bit Score: 781.71 E-value: 0e+00
2-oxoacid:acceptor oxidoreductase, alpha subunit; This family of proteins contains a ...
4-574
0e+00
2-oxoacid:acceptor oxidoreductase, alpha subunit; This family of proteins contains a C-terminal thiamine diphosphate (TPP) binding domain typical of flavodoxin/ferredoxin oxidoreductases (pfam01855) as well as an N-terminal domain similar to the gamma subunit of the same group of oxidoreductases (pfam01558). The genes represented by this model are always found in association with a neighboring gene for a beta subunit (TIGR02177) which also occurs in a 4-subunit (alpha/beta/gamma/ferredoxin) version of the system. This alpha/gamma plus beta structure was used to define the set of sequences to include in this model. This pair of genes is not consistantly observed in proximity to any electron acceptor genes, but is found next to putative ferredoxins or ferredoxin-domain proteins in Azoarcus sp. EbN1, Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 110, Frankia sp. CcI3, Rhodoferax ferrireducens DSM 15236, Rhodopseudomonas palustris BisB5, Os, Sphingomonas wittichii RW1 and Streptomyces clavuligerus. Other potential acceptors are also sporadically observed in close proximity including ferritin-like proteins, reberythrin, peroxiredoxin and a variety of other flavin and iron-sulfur cluster-containing proteins. The phylogenetic distribution of this family encompasses archaea, a number of deeply-branching bacterial clades and only a small number of firmicutes and proteobacteria. The enzyme from Sulfolobus has been characterized with respect to its substrate specificity, which is described as wide, encompassing various 2-oxoacids such as 2-oxoglutarate, 2-oxobutyrate and pyruvate. The enzyme from Hydrogenobacter thermophilus has been shown to have a high specificity towards 2-oxoglutarate and is one of the key enzymes in the reverse TCA cycle in this organism. Furthermore, considering its binding of coenzyme A, it can be reasonably inferred that the product of the reaction is succinyl-CoA. The genes for this enzyme in Prevotella intermedia 17, Persephonella marina EX-H1 and Picrophilus torridus DSM 9790 are in close proximity to a variety of TCA cycle genes. Persephonella marina and P. torridus are believed to encode complete TCA cycles, and none of these contains the lipoate-based 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1/E2/E3) system. That system is presumed to be replaced by this one. In fact, the lipoate system is absent in most organisms possessing a member of this family, providing additional circumstantial evidence that many of these enzymes are capable of acting as 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenases and
Pssm-ID: 274738 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 562 Bit Score: 781.71 E-value: 0e+00
Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase or related 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, alpha ...
196-577
1.93e-168
Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase or related 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, alpha subunit [Energy production and conversion]; Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase or related 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, alpha subunit is part of the Pathway/BioSystem: Pyruvate oxidation
Pssm-ID: 440438 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 372 Bit Score: 483.04 E-value: 1.93e-168
Pyrimidine (PYR) binding domain of pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR), indolepyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase alpha subunit (IOR-alpha), and related proteins; Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP family), pyrimidine (PYR) binding domain, of pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR), indolepyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (IOR) alpha subunit (IOR-alpha), and related proteins, subfamily. The PYR domain is found in many key metabolic enzymes which use TPP (also known as thiamine diphosphate) as a cofactor. TPP binds in the cleft formed by a PYR domain and a PP domain. The PYR domain, binds the aminopyrimidine ring of TPP, the PP domain binds the diphosphate residue. A polar interaction between the conserved glutamate of the PYR domain and the N1' of the TPP aminopyrimidine ring is shared by most TPP-dependent enzymes, and participates in the activation of TPP. The PYR and PP domains have a common fold, but do not share strong sequence conservation. The PP domain is not included in this sub-family. Most TPP-dependent enzymes have the PYR and PP domains on the same subunit although these domains can be alternatively arranged in the primary structure. TPP-dependent enzymes are multisubunit proteins, the smallest catalytic unit being a dimer-of-active sites. For many of these enzymes the active sites lie between PP and PYR domains on different subunits. However, for the homodimeric enzyme Desulfovibrio africanus pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR), each active site lies at the interface of the PYR and PP domains from the same subunit. This subfamily includes proteins characterized as pyruvate NADP+ oxidoreductase (PNO). PFOR and PNO catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA, a crucial step in many metabolic pathways. The facultative anaerobic mitochondrion of the photosynthetic protist Euglena gracilis oxidizes pyruvate with PNO. IOR catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of arylpyruvates, such as indolepyruvate or phenylpyruvate.
Pssm-ID: 132917 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 160 Bit Score: 222.76 E-value: 4.85e-70
Pyruvate flavodoxin/ferredoxin oxidoreductase, thiamine diP-bdg; This family includes the N ...
210-460
1.08e-65
Pyruvate flavodoxin/ferredoxin oxidoreductase, thiamine diP-bdg; This family includes the N terminal structural domain of the pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase. This domain binds thiamine diphosphate, and along with domains II and IV, is involved in inter subunit contacts. The family also includes pyruvate flavodoxin oxidoreductase as encoded by the nifJ gene in cyanobacterium which is required for growth on molecular nitrogen when iron is limited.
Pssm-ID: 396432 Cd Length: 230 Bit Score: 214.04 E-value: 1.08e-65
2-oxoacid:acceptor oxidoreductase, alpha subunit; This family of proteins contains a ...
4-574
0e+00
2-oxoacid:acceptor oxidoreductase, alpha subunit; This family of proteins contains a C-terminal thiamine diphosphate (TPP) binding domain typical of flavodoxin/ferredoxin oxidoreductases (pfam01855) as well as an N-terminal domain similar to the gamma subunit of the same group of oxidoreductases (pfam01558). The genes represented by this model are always found in association with a neighboring gene for a beta subunit (TIGR02177) which also occurs in a 4-subunit (alpha/beta/gamma/ferredoxin) version of the system. This alpha/gamma plus beta structure was used to define the set of sequences to include in this model. This pair of genes is not consistantly observed in proximity to any electron acceptor genes, but is found next to putative ferredoxins or ferredoxin-domain proteins in Azoarcus sp. EbN1, Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 110, Frankia sp. CcI3, Rhodoferax ferrireducens DSM 15236, Rhodopseudomonas palustris BisB5, Os, Sphingomonas wittichii RW1 and Streptomyces clavuligerus. Other potential acceptors are also sporadically observed in close proximity including ferritin-like proteins, reberythrin, peroxiredoxin and a variety of other flavin and iron-sulfur cluster-containing proteins. The phylogenetic distribution of this family encompasses archaea, a number of deeply-branching bacterial clades and only a small number of firmicutes and proteobacteria. The enzyme from Sulfolobus has been characterized with respect to its substrate specificity, which is described as wide, encompassing various 2-oxoacids such as 2-oxoglutarate, 2-oxobutyrate and pyruvate. The enzyme from Hydrogenobacter thermophilus has been shown to have a high specificity towards 2-oxoglutarate and is one of the key enzymes in the reverse TCA cycle in this organism. Furthermore, considering its binding of coenzyme A, it can be reasonably inferred that the product of the reaction is succinyl-CoA. The genes for this enzyme in Prevotella intermedia 17, Persephonella marina EX-H1 and Picrophilus torridus DSM 9790 are in close proximity to a variety of TCA cycle genes. Persephonella marina and P. torridus are believed to encode complete TCA cycles, and none of these contains the lipoate-based 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1/E2/E3) system. That system is presumed to be replaced by this one. In fact, the lipoate system is absent in most organisms possessing a member of this family, providing additional circumstantial evidence that many of these enzymes are capable of acting as 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenases and
Pssm-ID: 274738 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 562 Bit Score: 781.71 E-value: 0e+00
Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase or related 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, alpha ...
196-577
1.93e-168
Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase or related 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, alpha subunit [Energy production and conversion]; Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase or related 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, alpha subunit is part of the Pathway/BioSystem: Pyruvate oxidation
Pssm-ID: 440438 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 372 Bit Score: 483.04 E-value: 1.93e-168
Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase or related 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, gamma ...
1-421
5.94e-87
Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase or related 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, gamma subunit [Energy production and conversion]; Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase or related 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, gamma subunit is part of the Pathway/BioSystem: Pyruvate oxidation
Pssm-ID: 440638 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 424 Bit Score: 276.19 E-value: 5.94e-87
Pyrimidine (PYR) binding domain of pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR), indolepyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase alpha subunit (IOR-alpha), and related proteins; Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP family), pyrimidine (PYR) binding domain, of pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR), indolepyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (IOR) alpha subunit (IOR-alpha), and related proteins, subfamily. The PYR domain is found in many key metabolic enzymes which use TPP (also known as thiamine diphosphate) as a cofactor. TPP binds in the cleft formed by a PYR domain and a PP domain. The PYR domain, binds the aminopyrimidine ring of TPP, the PP domain binds the diphosphate residue. A polar interaction between the conserved glutamate of the PYR domain and the N1' of the TPP aminopyrimidine ring is shared by most TPP-dependent enzymes, and participates in the activation of TPP. The PYR and PP domains have a common fold, but do not share strong sequence conservation. The PP domain is not included in this sub-family. Most TPP-dependent enzymes have the PYR and PP domains on the same subunit although these domains can be alternatively arranged in the primary structure. TPP-dependent enzymes are multisubunit proteins, the smallest catalytic unit being a dimer-of-active sites. For many of these enzymes the active sites lie between PP and PYR domains on different subunits. However, for the homodimeric enzyme Desulfovibrio africanus pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR), each active site lies at the interface of the PYR and PP domains from the same subunit. This subfamily includes proteins characterized as pyruvate NADP+ oxidoreductase (PNO). PFOR and PNO catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA, a crucial step in many metabolic pathways. The facultative anaerobic mitochondrion of the photosynthetic protist Euglena gracilis oxidizes pyruvate with PNO. IOR catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of arylpyruvates, such as indolepyruvate or phenylpyruvate.
Pssm-ID: 132917 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 160 Bit Score: 222.76 E-value: 4.85e-70
Pyruvate flavodoxin/ferredoxin oxidoreductase, thiamine diP-bdg; This family includes the N ...
210-460
1.08e-65
Pyruvate flavodoxin/ferredoxin oxidoreductase, thiamine diP-bdg; This family includes the N terminal structural domain of the pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase. This domain binds thiamine diphosphate, and along with domains II and IV, is involved in inter subunit contacts. The family also includes pyruvate flavodoxin oxidoreductase as encoded by the nifJ gene in cyanobacterium which is required for growth on molecular nitrogen when iron is limited.
Pssm-ID: 396432 Cd Length: 230 Bit Score: 214.04 E-value: 1.08e-65
Pyruvate ferredoxin/flavodoxin oxidoreductase; This family includes a region of the large ...
10-175
1.27e-41
Pyruvate ferredoxin/flavodoxin oxidoreductase; This family includes a region of the large protein pyruvate-flavodoxin oxidoreductase and the whole pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase gamma subunit protein. It is not known whether the gamma subunit has a catalytic or regulatory role. Pyruvate oxidoreductase (POR) catalyzes the final step in the fermentation of carbohydrates in anaerobic microorganizms. This involves the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate with the participation of thiamine followed by the transfer of an acetyl moiety to coenzyme A for the synthesis of acetyl-CoA. The family also includes pyruvate flavodoxin oxidoreductase as encoded by the nifJ gene in cyanobacterium which is required for growth on molecular nitrogen when iron is limited.
Pssm-ID: 426323 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 172 Bit Score: 147.83 E-value: 1.27e-41
Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase core domain II; PFOR_II is a core domain of the anaerobic ...
476-571
3.80e-11
Pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase core domain II; PFOR_II is a core domain of the anaerobic enzyme pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase and is necessary for inter subunit contacts in conjunction with domains I and IV.
Pssm-ID: 407280 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 102 Bit Score: 59.97 E-value: 3.80e-11
Pyrimidine (PYR) binding domain of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)-dependent enzymes; Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) family, pyrimidine (PYR) binding domain; found in many key metabolic enzymes which use TPP (also known as thiamine diphosphate) as a cofactor. TPP binds in the cleft formed by a PYR domain and a PP domain. The PYR domain, binds the aminopyrimidine ring of TPP, the PP domain binds the diphosphate residue. A polar interaction between the conserved glutamate of the PYR domain and the N1' of the TPP aminopyrimidine ring is shared by most TPP-dependent enzymes, and participates in the activation of TPP. The PYR and PP domains have a common fold, but do not share strong sequence conservation. The PP domain is not included in this group. Most TPP-dependent enzymes have the PYR and PP domains on the same subunit although these domains can be alternatively arranged in the primary structure. In the case of 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase (2OXO), sulfopyruvate decarboxylase (ComDE), and the E1 component of human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (E1- PDHc) the PYR and PP domains appear on different subunits. TPP-dependent enzymes are multisubunit proteins, the smallest catalytic unit being a dimer-of-active sites. For many of these enzymes the active sites lie between PP and PYR domains on different subunits. However, for the homodimeric enzymes 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and Desulfovibrio africanus pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR), each active site lies at the interface of the PYR and PP domains from the same subunit.
Pssm-ID: 132915 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 154 Bit Score: 51.58 E-value: 1.18e-07
Pyrimidine (PYR) binding domain of POX and related proteins; Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP ...
205-343
4.21e-06
Pyrimidine (PYR) binding domain of POX and related proteins; Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP family), pyrimidine (PYR) binding domain of pyruvate oxidase (POX) and related protiens subfamily. The PYR domain is found in many key metabolic enzymes which use TPP (also known as thiamine diphosphate) as a cofactor. TPP binds in the cleft formed by a PYR domain and a PP domain. The PYR domain, binds the aminopyrimidine ring of TPP, the PP domain binds the diphosphate residue. A polar interaction between the conserved glutamate of the PYR domain and the N1' of the TPP aminopyrimidine ring is shared by most TPP-dependent enzymes, and participates in the activation of TPP. For glyoxylate carboligase, which belongs to this subfamily, but lacks this conserved glutamate, the rate of the initial TPP activation step is reduced but the ensuing steps of the enzymic reaction proceed efficiently. The PYR and PP domains have a common fold, but do not share strong sequence conservation. The PP domain is not included in this sub-family. Most TPP-dependent enzymes have the PYR and PP domains on the same subunit although these domains can be alternatively arranged in the primary structure. TPP-dependent enzymes are multisubunit proteins, the smallest catalytic unit being a dimer-of-active sites, for many the active sites lie between PP and PYR domains on different subunits. POX decarboxylates pyruvate, producing hydrogen peroxide and the energy-storage metabolite acetylphosphate. This subfamily includes pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) and indolepyruvate decarboxylase (IPDC). PDC catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetaldehyde and CO2 in alcoholic fermentation. IPDC plays a role in the indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway in plants and various plant-associated bacteria, it catalyzes the decarboxylation of IPA to IAA. This subfamily also includes the large catalytic subunit of acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS). AHAS catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of pyruvate to give the acetohydroxyacid, 2-acetolactate, a precursor of the branched chain amino acids, valine and leucine. AHAS also catalyzes the condensation of pyruvate and 2-ketobutyrate to form 2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate in isoleucine biosynthesis. Methanococcus jannaschii sulfopyruvate decarboxylase (MjComDE) and phosphonopyruvate decarboxylase (PpyrDc) also belong to this subfamily. PpyrDc is a homotrimeric enzyme having the PP and PYR domains tandemly arranged on the same subunit. It functions in the biosynthesis of C-P compounds such as bialaphos tripeptide in Streptomyces hygroscopicus. MjComDE is a dodecamer having the PYR and PP domains on different subunits, it has six alpha (PYR/ComD) subunits and six beta (PP/ComE) subunits. MjComDE catalyzes the decarboxylation of sulfopyruvic acid to sulfoacetaldehyde in the coenzyme M pathway.
Pssm-ID: 132918 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 155 Bit Score: 46.76 E-value: 4.21e-06
2-oxoacid:acceptor oxidoreductase, gamma subunit, pyruvate/2-ketoisovalerate family; A number ...
11-179
2.94e-05
2-oxoacid:acceptor oxidoreductase, gamma subunit, pyruvate/2-ketoisovalerate family; A number of anaerobic and microaerophilic species lack pyruvate dehydrogenase and have instead a four subunit, oxygen-sensitive pyruvate oxidoreductase, with either ferredoxins or flavodoxins (H. pylori) used as the acceptor. Several related four-subunit enzymes may exist in the same species. This model describes the gamma subunit. In Pyrococcus furious, enzymes active on pyruvate and 2-ketoisovalerate share a common gamma subunit.
Pssm-ID: 274014 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 177 Bit Score: 45.04 E-value: 2.94e-05
Database: CDSEARCH/cdd Low complexity filter: no Composition Based Adjustment: yes E-value threshold: 0.01
References:
Wang J et al. (2023), "The conserved domain database in 2023", Nucleic Acids Res.51(D)384-8.
Lu S et al. (2020), "The conserved domain database in 2020", Nucleic Acids Res.48(D)265-8.
Marchler-Bauer A et al. (2017), "CDD/SPARCLE: functional classification of proteins via subfamily domain architectures.", Nucleic Acids Res.45(D)200-3.
of the residues that compose this conserved feature have been mapped to the query sequence.
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