glutamate 5-kinase catalyzes glutamate-dependent ATP cleavage, and transfers the terminal phosphoryl group of ATP to the gamma-carboxyl group of glutamate, in the first and controlling step of proline (or ornithine) biosynthesis
glutamate 5-kinase; Bacterial ProB proteins hit the full length of this model, but the ...
3-364
7.13e-178
glutamate 5-kinase; Bacterial ProB proteins hit the full length of this model, but the ProB-like domain of delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase does not hit the C-terminal 100 residues of this model. The noise cutoff is set low enough to hit delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and other partial matches to this family. [Amino acid biosynthesis, Glutamate family]
Pssm-ID: 162163 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 363 Bit Score: 497.99 E-value: 7.13e-178
AAK_G5K_ProB: Glutamate-5-kinase (G5K) catalyzes glutamate-dependent ATP cleavage; G5K ...
4-254
7.61e-126
AAK_G5K_ProB: Glutamate-5-kinase (G5K) catalyzes glutamate-dependent ATP cleavage; G5K transfers the terminal phosphoryl group of ATP to the gamma-carboxyl group of glutamate, in the first and controlling step of proline (and, in mammals, ornithine) biosynthesis. G5K is subject to feedback allosteric inhibition by proline or ornithine. In microorganisms and plants, proline plays an important role as an osmoprotectant and, in mammals, ornithine biosynthesis is crucial for proper ammonia detoxification, since a G5K mutation has been shown to cause human hyperammonaemia. Microbial G5K generally consists of two domains: a catalytic G5K domain and one PUA (pseudo uridine synthases and archaeosine-specific transglycosylases) domain, and some lack the PUA domain. G5K requires free Mg for activity, it is tetrameric, and it aggregates to higher forms in a proline-dependent way. G5K lacking the PUA domain remains tetrameric, active, and proline-inhibitable, but the Mg requirement and the proline-triggered aggregation are greatly diminished and abolished, respectively, and more proline is needed for inhibition. Although plant and animal G5Ks are part of a bifunctional polypeptide, delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), composed of an N-terminal G5K (ProB) and a C-terminal glutamyl 5- phosphate reductase (G5PR; ProA); bacterial and yeast G5Ks are monofunctional single-polypeptide enzymes. In this CD, all three domain architectures are present: G5K, G5K+PUA, and G5K+G5PR.
Pssm-ID: 239775 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 251 Bit Score: 361.76 E-value: 7.61e-126
Amino acid kinase family; This family includes kinases that phosphorylate a variety of amino ...
3-231
3.31e-39
Amino acid kinase family; This family includes kinases that phosphorylate a variety of amino acid substrates, as well as uridylate kinase and carbamate kinase. This family includes: Aspartokinase EC:2.7.2.4. Acetylglutamate kinase EC:2.7.2.8. Glutamate 5-kinase EC:2.7.2.11. Uridylate kinase EC:2.7.4.-. Carbamate kinase EC:2.7.2.2.
Pssm-ID: 395565 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 232 Bit Score: 139.42 E-value: 3.31e-39
glutamate 5-kinase; Bacterial ProB proteins hit the full length of this model, but the ...
3-364
7.13e-178
glutamate 5-kinase; Bacterial ProB proteins hit the full length of this model, but the ProB-like domain of delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase does not hit the C-terminal 100 residues of this model. The noise cutoff is set low enough to hit delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and other partial matches to this family. [Amino acid biosynthesis, Glutamate family]
Pssm-ID: 162163 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 363 Bit Score: 497.99 E-value: 7.13e-178
AAK_G5K_ProB: Glutamate-5-kinase (G5K) catalyzes glutamate-dependent ATP cleavage; G5K ...
4-254
7.61e-126
AAK_G5K_ProB: Glutamate-5-kinase (G5K) catalyzes glutamate-dependent ATP cleavage; G5K transfers the terminal phosphoryl group of ATP to the gamma-carboxyl group of glutamate, in the first and controlling step of proline (and, in mammals, ornithine) biosynthesis. G5K is subject to feedback allosteric inhibition by proline or ornithine. In microorganisms and plants, proline plays an important role as an osmoprotectant and, in mammals, ornithine biosynthesis is crucial for proper ammonia detoxification, since a G5K mutation has been shown to cause human hyperammonaemia. Microbial G5K generally consists of two domains: a catalytic G5K domain and one PUA (pseudo uridine synthases and archaeosine-specific transglycosylases) domain, and some lack the PUA domain. G5K requires free Mg for activity, it is tetrameric, and it aggregates to higher forms in a proline-dependent way. G5K lacking the PUA domain remains tetrameric, active, and proline-inhibitable, but the Mg requirement and the proline-triggered aggregation are greatly diminished and abolished, respectively, and more proline is needed for inhibition. Although plant and animal G5Ks are part of a bifunctional polypeptide, delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), composed of an N-terminal G5K (ProB) and a C-terminal glutamyl 5- phosphate reductase (G5PR; ProA); bacterial and yeast G5Ks are monofunctional single-polypeptide enzymes. In this CD, all three domain architectures are present: G5K, G5K+PUA, and G5K+G5PR.
Pssm-ID: 239775 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 251 Bit Score: 361.76 E-value: 7.61e-126
AAK_P5CS_ProBA: Glutamate-5-kinase (G5K) domain of the bifunctional delta ...
2-253
4.14e-55
AAK_P5CS_ProBA: Glutamate-5-kinase (G5K) domain of the bifunctional delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), composed of an N-terminal G5K (ProB) and a C-terminal glutamyl 5- phosphate reductase (G5PR, ProA), the first and second enzyme catalyzing proline (and, in mammals, ornithine) biosynthesis. G5K transfers the terminal phosphoryl group of ATP to the gamma-carboxyl group of glutamate, and is subject to feedback allosteric inhibition by proline or ornithine. In plants, proline plays an important role as an osmoprotectant and, in mammals, ornithine biosynthesis is crucial for proper ammonia detoxification, since a G5K mutation has been shown to cause human hyperammonaemia.
Pssm-ID: 239789 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 284 Bit Score: 182.25 E-value: 4.14e-55
PUA domain of gamma-glutamyl kinase, found in archaea, bacteria, and eukarya; Gamma glutamyl ...
262-364
6.07e-45
PUA domain of gamma-glutamyl kinase, found in archaea, bacteria, and eukarya; Gamma glutamyl kinase (G5K) is an enzyme essential for the biosynthesis of L-proline; it catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group to glutamate. The resulting glutamate 5-phosphate cyclizes spontaneously to form 5-oxoproline. The PUA (PseudoUridine synthase and Archaeosine transglycosylase) domain functions as an RNA binding domain in many other proteins; however, its role in G5K is not understood. It might play a role in modulating the enzymatic properties of bacterial G5Ks.
Pssm-ID: 409299 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 104 Bit Score: 149.92 E-value: 6.07e-45
delta l-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase; This protein contains a glutamate 5-kinase (ProB, ...
2-253
3.36e-44
delta l-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase; This protein contains a glutamate 5-kinase (ProB, EC 2.7.2.11) region followed by a gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase (ProA, EC 1.2.1.41) region. [Amino acid biosynthesis, Glutamate family]
Pssm-ID: 130164 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 715 Bit Score: 162.00 E-value: 3.36e-44
Amino acid kinase family; This family includes kinases that phosphorylate a variety of amino ...
3-231
3.31e-39
Amino acid kinase family; This family includes kinases that phosphorylate a variety of amino acid substrates, as well as uridylate kinase and carbamate kinase. This family includes: Aspartokinase EC:2.7.2.4. Acetylglutamate kinase EC:2.7.2.8. Glutamate 5-kinase EC:2.7.2.11. Uridylate kinase EC:2.7.4.-. Carbamate kinase EC:2.7.2.2.
Pssm-ID: 395565 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 232 Bit Score: 139.42 E-value: 3.31e-39
Amino Acid Kinases (AAK) superfamily, catalytic domain; present in such enzymes like ...
6-253
1.05e-27
Amino Acid Kinases (AAK) superfamily, catalytic domain; present in such enzymes like N-acetylglutamate kinase (NAGK), carbamate kinase (CK), aspartokinase (AK), glutamate-5-kinase (G5K) and UMP kinase (UMPK). The AAK superfamily includes kinases that phosphorylate a variety of amino acid substrates. These kinases catalyze the formation of phosphoric anhydrides, generally with a carboxylate, and use ATP as the source of the phosphoryl group; are involved in amino acid biosynthesis. Some of these kinases control the process via allosteric feed-back inhibition.
Pssm-ID: 239033 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 248 Bit Score: 109.07 E-value: 1.05e-27
PUA domain; The PUA domain named after Pseudouridine synthase and Archaeosine transglycosylase, ...
274-348
4.31e-17
PUA domain; The PUA domain named after Pseudouridine synthase and Archaeosine transglycosylase, was detected in archaeal and eukaryotic pseudouridine synthases, archaeal archaeosine synthases, a family of predicted ATPases that may be involved in RNA modification, a family of predicted archaeal and bacterial rRNA methylases. Additionally, the PUA domain was detected in a family of eukaryotic proteins that also contain a domain homologous to the translation initiation factor eIF1/SUI1; these proteins may comprise a novel type of translation factors. Unexpectedly, the PUA domain was detected also in bacterial and yeast glutamate kinases; this is compatible with the demonstrated role of these enzymes in the regulation of the expression of other genes. It is predicted that the PUA domain is an RNA binding domain.
Pssm-ID: 426278 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 74 Bit Score: 74.83 E-value: 4.31e-17
AAK_UMPK-like: UMP kinase (UMPK)-like, the microbial/chloroplast uridine monophosphate kinase ...
5-251
3.97e-15
AAK_UMPK-like: UMP kinase (UMPK)-like, the microbial/chloroplast uridine monophosphate kinase (uridylate kinase) enzyme that catalyzes UMP phosphorylation and plays a key role in pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. Regulation of this process is via feed-back control and via gene repression of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (the first enzyme of the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway). The UMP kinases of E. coli (Ec) and Pyrococcus furiosus (Pf) are known to function as homohexamers, with GTP and UTP being allosteric effectors. Like other related enzymes (carbamate kinase, aspartokinase, and N-acetylglutamate kinase) the E. coli and most bacterial UMPKs have a conserved, N-terminal, lysine residue proposed to function in the catalysis of the phosphoryl group transfer, whereas most archaeal UMPKs appear to lack this residue and the Pyrococcus furiosus structure has an additional Mg ion bound to the ATP molecule which is proposed to function as the catalysis instead. Also included in this CD are the alpha and beta subunits of the Mo storage protein (MosA and MosB) characterized as an alpha4-beta4 octamer containing an ATP-dependent, polynuclear molybdenum-oxide cluster. These and related sequences in this CD are members of the Amino Acid Kinase Superfamily (AAK).
Pssm-ID: 239772 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 229 Bit Score: 73.73 E-value: 3.97e-15
AAK_UMPK-PyrH-Pf: UMP kinase (UMPK)-Pf, the mostly archaeal uridine monophosphate kinase (uridylate kinase) enzymes that catalyze UMP phosphorylation and play a key role in pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis; regulation of this process is via feed-back control and via gene repression of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (the first enzyme of the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway). The UMP kinase of Pyrococcus furiosus (Pf) is known to function as a homohexamer, with GTP and UTP being allosteric effectors. Like other related enzymes (carbamate kinase, aspartokinase, and N-acetylglutamate kinase) the E. coli and most bacterial UMPKs have a conserved, N-terminal, lysine residue proposed to function in the catalysis of the phosphoryl group transfer, whereas most archaeal UMPKs (this CD) appear to lack this residue and the Pyrococcus furiosus structure has an additional Mg ion bound to the ATP molecule which is proposed to function as the catalysis instead. Members of this CD belong to the Amino Acid Kinase Superfamily (AAK).
Pssm-ID: 239786 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 221 Bit Score: 69.97 E-value: 8.01e-14
PUA RNA binding domain; The PUA (PseudoUridine synthase and Archaeosine transglycosylase) ...
274-334
5.88e-07
PUA RNA binding domain; The PUA (PseudoUridine synthase and Archaeosine transglycosylase) domain was detected in archaeal and eukaryotic pseudouridine synthases, archaeal archaeosine synthases, a family of predicted ATPases that may be involved in RNA modification, and a family of predicted archaeal and bacterial rRNA methylases. Additionally, the PUA domain was detected in a family of eukaryotic proteins that also contain a domain homologous to the translation initiation factor eIF1/SUI1; these proteins may comprise a novel type of translation factors. Unexpectedly, the PUA domain was also found in bacterial and yeast glutamate kinases; this is compatible with the demonstrated role of these enzymes in regulating the expression of other genes. It has been shown that the PUA domain acts as an RNA binding domain in at least some of the proteins involved in RNA metabolism.
Pssm-ID: 409289 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 73 Bit Score: 46.52 E-value: 5.88e-07
AAK_AK-DapG-like: Amino Acid Kinase Superfamily (AAK), AK-DapG-like; this CD includes the ...
4-200
5.23e-06
AAK_AK-DapG-like: Amino Acid Kinase Superfamily (AAK), AK-DapG-like; this CD includes the N-terminal catalytic aspartokinase (AK) domain of the diaminopimelate-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKI (DapG), a monofunctional enzymes found in Bacilli (Bacillus subtilis 168), Clostridia, and Actinobacteria bacterial species, as well as, the catalytic AK domain of the lysine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKII of Bacillus subtilis 168, the lysine plus threonine-sensitive aspartokinase of Corynebacterium glutamicum, and related isoenzymes. In Bacillus subtilis, the regulation of the diaminopimelate-lysine biosynthetic pathway involves dual control by diaminopimelate and lysine, effected through separate diaminopimelate- and lysine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzymes. The role of the AKI isoenzyme is most likely to provide a constant level of aspartyl-beta-phosphate for the biosynthesis of diaminopimelate for peptidoglycan synthesis and dipicolinate during sporulation. The B. subtilis 168 AKII is induced by methionine, and repressed and inhibited by lysine. In Corynebacterium glutamicum and other various Gram-positive bacteria, the DAP-lysine pathway is feedback regulated by the concerted action of lysine and threonine. Also included in this CD are the aspartokinases of the extreme thermophile, Thermus thermophilus HB27, the Gram-negative obligate methylotroph, Methylophilus methylotrophus AS1, and those single aspartokinase isoenzyme types found in Pseudomonas, C. glutamicum, and Amycolatopsis lactamdurans. The B. subtilis AKI is tetrameric consisting of two alpha and two beta subunits; the alpha (43 kD) and beta (17 kD) subunit formed by two in-phase overlapping genes. The alpha subunit contains the AK catalytic domain and two ACT domains. The beta subunit contains two ACT domains. The B. subtilis 168 AKII aspartokinase is also described as tetrameric consisting of two alpha and two beta subunits. Some archeal aspartokinases in this group lack recognizable ACT domains.
Pssm-ID: 239779 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 239 Bit Score: 47.10 E-value: 5.23e-06
AAK_AK: Amino Acid Kinase Superfamily (AAK), Aspartokinase (AK); this CD includes the ...
5-200
1.30e-05
AAK_AK: Amino Acid Kinase Superfamily (AAK), Aspartokinase (AK); this CD includes the N-terminal catalytic domain of aspartokinase (4-L-aspartate-4-phosphotransferase;). AK is the first enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of the aspartate family of amino acids (lysine, threonine, methionine, and isoleucine) and the bacterial cell wall component, meso-diaminopimelate. It also catalyzes the conversion of aspartate and ATP to aspartylphosphate and ADP. One mechanism for the regulation of this pathway is by the production of several isoenzymes of aspartokinase with different repressors and allosteric inhibitors. Pairs of ACT domains are proposed to specifically bind amino acids leading to allosteric regulation of the enzyme. In Escherichia coli, three different aspartokinase isoenzymes are regulated specifically by lysine, methionine, and threonine. AK-HSDHI (ThrA) and AK-HSDHII (MetL) are bifunctional enzymes that consist of an N-terminal AK and a C-terminal homoserine dehydrogenase (HSDH). ThrA and MetL are involved in threonine and methionine biosynthesis, respectively. The third isoenzyme, AKIII (LysC), is monofunctional and is involved in lysine synthesis. The three Bacillus subtilis isoenzymes, AKI (DapG), AKII (LysC), and AKIII (YclM), are feedback-inhibited by meso-diaminopimelate, lysine, and lysine plus threonine, respectively. The E. coli lysine-sensitive AK is described as a homodimer, whereas, the B. subtilis lysine-sensitive AK is described as a heterodimeric complex of alpha- and beta- subunits that are formed from two in-frame overlapping genes. A single AK enzyme type has been described in Pseudomonas, Amycolatopsis, and Corynebacterium. The fungal aspartate pathway is regulated at the AK step, with L-Thr being an allosteric inhibitor of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae AK (Hom3). At least two distinct AK isoenzymes can occur in higher plants, one is a monofunctional lysine-sensitive isoenzyme, which is involved in the overall regulation of the pathway and can be synergistically inhibited by S-adenosylmethionine. The other isoenzyme is a bifunctional, threonine-sensitive AK-HSDH protein. Also included in this CD is the catalytic domain of the Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum ectoine AK, the first enzyme of the ectoine biosynthetic pathway, found in this bacterium, and several other halophilic/halotolerant bacteria.
Pssm-ID: 239767 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 227 Bit Score: 45.93 E-value: 1.30e-05
AAK_AKi-DapG-BS: Amino Acid Kinase Superfamily (AAK), AKi-DapG; this CD includes the ...
5-200
4.57e-05
AAK_AKi-DapG-BS: Amino Acid Kinase Superfamily (AAK), AKi-DapG; this CD includes the N-terminal catalytic aspartokinase (AK) domain of the diaminopimelate-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzyme AKI (DapG), a monofunctional class enzyme found in Bacilli (Bacillus subtilis 168), Clostridia, and Actinobacteria bacterial species. In Bacillus subtilis, the regulation of the diaminopimelate-lysine biosynthetic pathway involves dual control by diaminopimelate and lysine, effected through separate diaminopimelate- and lysine-sensitive aspartokinase isoenzymes. AKI activity is invariant during the exponential and stationary phases of growth and is not altered by addition of amino acids to the growth medium. The role of this isoenzyme is most likely to provide a constant level of aspartyl-beta-phosphate for the biosynthesis of diaminopimelate for peptidoglycan synthesis and dipicolinate during sporulation. The B. subtilis AKI is tetrameric consisting of two alpha and two beta subunits; the alpha (43 kD) and beta (17 kD) subunit formed by two in-phase overlapping genes. The alpha subunit contains the AK catalytic domain and two ACT domains. The beta subunit contains two ACT domains.
Pssm-ID: 239793 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 244 Bit Score: 44.30 E-value: 4.57e-05
AAK_NAGK-like: N-Acetyl-L-glutamate kinase (NAGK)-like . Included in this CD are the ...
116-253
4.41e-04
AAK_NAGK-like: N-Acetyl-L-glutamate kinase (NAGK)-like . Included in this CD are the Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa type NAGKs which catalyze the phosphorylation of N-acetyl-L-glutamate (NAG) by ATP in the second step of arginine biosynthesis found in bacteria and photosynthetic organisms using either the acetylated, noncyclic (NC), or non-acetylated, cyclic (C) route of ornithine biosynthesis. Also included in this CD is a distinct group of uncharacterized (UC) bacterial and archeal NAGKs. Members of this CD belong to the Amino Acid Kinase Superfamily (AAK).
Pssm-ID: 239771 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 256 Bit Score: 41.34 E-value: 4.41e-04
UMP kinase (UMPK)-Ec, the microbial/chloroplast uridine monophosphate kinase (uridylate kinase) enzyme that catalyzes UMP phosphorylation and plays a key role in pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis; regulation of this process is via feed-back control and via gene repression of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (the first enzyme of the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway). The UMP kinase of E. coli (Ec) is known to function as a homohexamer, with GTP and UTP being allosteric effectors. Like other related enzymes (carbamate kinase, aspartokinase, and N-acetylglutamate kinase) the E. coli and most bacterial and chloroplast UMPKs (this CD) have a conserved, N-terminal, lysine residue proposed to function in the catalysis of the phosphoryl group transfer, whereas most archaeal UMPKs appear to lack this residue and the Pyrococcus furiosus structure has an additional Mg ion bound to the ATP molecule which is proposed to function as the catalysis instead. Members of this CD belong to the Amino Acid Kinase Superfamily (AAK).
Pssm-ID: 239787 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 231 Bit Score: 39.40 E-value: 1.94e-03
AAK_FomA-like: This CD includes a fosfomycin biosynthetic gene product, FomA, and similar ...
117-252
4.43e-03
AAK_FomA-like: This CD includes a fosfomycin biosynthetic gene product, FomA, and similar proteins found in a wide range of organisms. Together, the fomA and fomB genes in the fosfomycin biosynthetic gene cluster of Streptomyces wedmorensis confer high-level fosfomycin resistance. FomA and FomB proteins converted fosfomycin to fosfomycin monophosphate and fosfomycin diphosphate in the presence of ATP and a magnesium ion, indicating that FomA and FomB catalyzed phosphorylations of fosfomycin and fosfomycin monophosphate, respectively. FomA and related sequences in this CD are members of the Amino Acid Kinase Superfamily (AAK).
Pssm-ID: 239774 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 252 Bit Score: 38.40 E-value: 4.43e-03
Database: CDSEARCH/cdd Low complexity filter: no Composition Based Adjustment: yes E-value threshold: 0.01
References:
Wang J et al. (2023), "The conserved domain database in 2023", Nucleic Acids Res.51(D)384-8.
Lu S et al. (2020), "The conserved domain database in 2020", Nucleic Acids Res.48(D)265-8.
Marchler-Bauer A et al. (2017), "CDD/SPARCLE: functional classification of proteins via subfamily domain architectures.", Nucleic Acids Res.45(D)200-3.
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