first calponin homology (CH) domain found in the alpha-actinin family; The alpha-actinin (ACTN) family includes alpha-actinin-1, -2, -3, and -4. They are F-actin cross-linking proteins which are thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. ACTN1 mutations cause congenital macrothrombocytopenia. ACTN2 mutations are associated with cardiomyopathies, as well as skeletal muscle disorder. ACTN3 is critical in anchoring the myofibrillar actin filaments and plays a key role in muscle contraction. ACTN4 is associated with cell motility and cancer invasion. It is probably involved in vesicular trafficking via its association with the CART complex, which is necessary for efficient transferrin receptor recycling but not for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation. Members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the first CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891   28 AWEKQQRKTFTAWCNSHLRKAGTQIENIEEDFRDGLKLMLLLEVISGERLAKPERGKMRVHKISNVNKALDFIASKGVKL 107
Cdd:cd21214   1 AWEKQQRKTFTAWCNSHLRKAGTQIENIEEDFRDGLKLMLLLEVISGERLPKPERGKMRFHKIANVNKALDFIASKGVKL 80

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 4501891  108 VSIGAEEIVDGNVKMTLGMIWTIIL 132
Cdd:cd21214  81 VSIGAEEIVDGNLKMTLGMIWTIIL 105

Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; the repeats are independent folding units; tandem repeats are found in differing numbers and arrange in an antiparallel manner to form dimers; the repeats are defined by a characteristic tryptophan (W) residue in helix A and a leucine (L) at the carboxyl end of helix C and separated by a linker of 5 residues; two copies of the repeat are present here

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  395 LAEKFRQKASIHEAWTDGKEAMLRQKDYEtATLSEIKALLKKHEAFESDLAAHQDRVEQIAAIAQELNELDYYDSPSVNA 474
Cdd:cd00176   1 KLQQFLRDADELEAWLSEKEELLSSTDYG-DDLESVEALLKKHEALEAELAAHEERVEALNELGEQLIEEGHPDAEEIQE 79

                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  475 RCQKICDQWDNLGALTQKRREALERTEKLLETIDQLYLeyakraapFNNWMEGAMEDLQDTFIVHTIEEIQGLTTAHEQF 554
Cdd:cd00176  80 RLEELNQRWEELRELAEERRQRLEEALDLQQFFRDADD--------LEQWLEEKEAALASEDLGKDLESVEELLKKHKEL 151

                       170       180       190       200       210       220
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 4501891  555 KATLPDADKERLAILGIHNEVSKIVQTYHvnmagtNPYTTITPQEINGKWDHVRQLVPRRDQALTEEH 622
Cdd:cd00176 152 EEELEAHEPRLKSLNELAEELLEEGHPDA------DEEIEEKLEELNERWEELLELAEERQKKLEEAL 213

EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to the activation or inactivation of target proteins. EF-hands tend to occur in pairs or higher copy numbers.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 4501891  750 EFRASFNHFDRDHSGTLGPEEFKACLISLGydignDPQGEAEFARIMSIVDPNRLGVVTFQAFIDFMS 817
Cdd:cd00051   1 ELREAFRLFDKDGDGTISADELKAALKSLG-----EGLSEEEIDEMIREVDKDGDGKIDFEEFLELMA 63

first calponin homology (CH) domain found in the alpha-actinin family; The alpha-actinin (ACTN) family includes alpha-actinin-1, -2, -3, and -4. They are F-actin cross-linking proteins which are thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. ACTN1 mutations cause congenital macrothrombocytopenia. ACTN2 mutations are associated with cardiomyopathies, as well as skeletal muscle disorder. ACTN3 is critical in anchoring the myofibrillar actin filaments and plays a key role in muscle contraction. ACTN4 is associated with cell motility and cancer invasion. It is probably involved in vesicular trafficking via its association with the CART complex, which is necessary for efficient transferrin receptor recycling but not for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation. Members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the first CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891   28 AWEKQQRKTFTAWCNSHLRKAGTQIENIEEDFRDGLKLMLLLEVISGERLAKPERGKMRVHKISNVNKALDFIASKGVKL 107
Cdd:cd21214   1 AWEKQQRKTFTAWCNSHLRKAGTQIENIEEDFRDGLKLMLLLEVISGERLPKPERGKMRFHKIANVNKALDFIASKGVKL 80

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 4501891  108 VSIGAEEIVDGNVKMTLGMIWTIIL 132
Cdd:cd21214  81 VSIGAEEIVDGNLKMTLGMIWTIIL 105

Ca2+ insensitive EF hand; EF hands are helix-loop-helix binding motifs involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. EF hands usually bind to Ca2+ ions which causes a major conformational change that allows the protein to interact with its designated targets. This domain corresponds to an EF hand which has partially or entirely lost its calcium-binding properties. The calcium insensitive EF hand is still able to mediate protein-protein recognition.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 4501891    822 DTDTADQVMASFKILAGDKNYITMDELRRELPPDQAEYCIARMAPYTGP--DSVPGALDYMSFSTALYG 888
Cdd:pfam08726   1 DTDTAEQVEASFRALAGGKPYVTEEDLRRELTPDQAEYCIARMPPYSGPdgDSVPGAYDYVSFSEALFG 69

Calponin homology (CH) domain; The CH domain is found in both cytoskeletal proteins and signal transduction proteins. The CH domain is involved in actin binding in some members of the family. However in calponins there is evidence that the CH domain is not involved in its actin binding activity. Most member proteins have from two to four copies of the CH domain, however some proteins such as calponin have only a single copy.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891    145 SAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYK-NVNIQNFHISWKDGLGFCALIHRHRPELIDYGKLRKD--DPLTNLNTAFDVAEKYLDIPKM 221
Cdd:pfam00307   2 ELEKELLRWINSHLAEYGpGVRVTNFTTDLRDGLALCALLNKLAPGLVDKKKLNKSefDKLENINLALDVAEKKLGVPKV 81

                          90       100       110
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 4501891    222 L-DAEDIVgtaRPDEKAIMTYVSSFYHAFSG 251
Cdd:pfam00307  82 LiEPEDLV---EGDNKSVLTYLASLFRRFQA 109

Calponin homology (CH) domain; The CH domain is found in both cytoskeletal proteins and signal transduction proteins. The CH domain is involved in actin binding in some members of the family. However in calponins there is evidence that the CH domain is not involved in its actin binding activity. Most member proteins have from two to four copies of the CH domain, however some proteins such as calponin have only a single copy.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891     31 KQQRKTFTAWCNSHLRKAG--TQIENIEEDFRDGLKLMLLLEVISGERLAKPERGKMRVHKISNVNKALDFIASK-GVKL 107
Cdd:pfam00307   1 LELEKELLRWINSHLAEYGpgVRVTNFTTDLRDGLALCALLNKLAPGLVDKKKLNKSEFDKLENINLALDVAEKKlGVPK 80

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 4501891    108 VSIGAEEIVDGNVKMTLGMIWTIILRFAI 136
Cdd:pfam00307  81 VLIEPEDLVEGDNKSVLTYLASLFRRFQA 109

Calponin homology domain; Actin binding domains present in duplicate at the N-termini of spectrin-like proteins (including dystrophin, alpha-actinin). These domains cross-link actin filaments into bundles and networks. A calponin homology domain is predicted in yeasst Cdc24p.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891      35 KTFTAWCNSHLRKAGTQ-IENIEEDFRDGLKLMLLLEVISGERL--AKPERGKMRVHKISNVNKALDFIASKGVKLVSIG 111
Cdd:smart00033   1 KTLLRWVNSLLAEYDKPpVTNFSSDLKDGVALCALLNSLSPGLVdkKKVAASLSRFKKIENINLALSFAEKLGGKVVLFE 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|..
gi 4501891     112 AEEIVDGNvKMTLGMIWTIILR 133
Cdd:smart00033  81 PEDLVEGP-KLILGVIWTLISL 101

Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; the repeats are independent folding units; tandem repeats are found in differing numbers and arrange in an antiparallel manner to form dimers; the repeats are defined by a characteristic tryptophan (W) residue in helix A and a leucine (L) at the carboxyl end of helix C and separated by a linker of 5 residues; two copies of the repeat are present here

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  277 EDYEKLASDLLEWIRRTIPWLENRVPENTMHAMQQKLEDFRDYRR--LHKPPKVQEkcqleinFNTLQTKLRLSNRPAfM 354
Cdd:cd00176   3 QQFLRDADELEAWLSEKEELLSSTDYGDDLESVEALLKKHEALEAelAAHEERVEA-------LNELGEQLIEEGHPD-A 74

                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  355 PSEGRMVSDINNAWgclEQVEKGYEEWLlneiRRLERLDHLAEKFRQKASIhEAWTDGKEAMLRQKDYETaTLSEIKALL 434
Cdd:cd00176  75 EEIQERLEELNQRW---EELRELAEERR----QRLEEALDLQQFFRDADDL-EQWLEEKEAALASEDLGK-DLESVEELL 145

                       170       180       190       200       210       220
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 4501891  435 KKHEAFESDLAAHQDRVEQIAAIAQEL-NELDYYDSPSVNARCQKICDQWDNLGALTQKRREALE 498
Cdd:cd00176 146 KKHKELEEELEAHEPRLKSLNELAEELlEEGHPDADEEIEEKLEELNERWEELLELAEERQKKLE 210

calmodulin; Provisional

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891   740 AKGISQEQMNEFRASFNHFDRDHSGTLGPEEFKACLISLGydigNDPQgEAEFARIMSIVDPNRLGVVTFQAFIDFMSRE 819
Cdd:PTZ00184   2 ADQLTEEQIAEFKEAFSLFDKDGDGTITTKELGTVMRSLG----QNPT-EAELQDMINEVDADGNGTIDFPEFLTLMARK 76

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 4501891   820 TADTDTADQVMASFKILAGDKN-YITMDELR 849
Cdd:PTZ00184  77 MKDTDSEEEIKEAFKVFDRDGNgFISAAELR 107

Spectrin repeat; Spectrin repeat-domains are found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure. These include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin. The sequence repeat used in this family is taken from the structural repeat in reference. The spectrin domain- repeat forms a three helix bundle. The second helix is interrupted by proline in some sequences. The repeats are defined by a characteriztic tryptophan (W) residue at position 17 in helix A and a leucine (L) at 2 residues from the carboxyl end of helix C. Although the domain occurs in multiple repeats along sequences, the domains are actually stable on their own - ie they act, biophysically, like domains rather than repeats that along function when aggregated.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891    634 QFGAQANVIGPWIQTKMEEIgriSIEMHG----TLEDQLSHLRQYEKSIVNYKPKIDQLEGDHQLIQEALIFDNKHTNYT 709
Cdd:pfam00435   5 QFFRDADDLESWIEEKEALL---SSEDYGkdleSVQALLKKHKALEAELAAHQDRVEALNELAEKLIDEGHYASEEIQER 81

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....
gi 4501891    710 MEHIRVGWEQLLTTIARTINEVEN 733
Cdd:pfam00435  82 LEELNERWEQLLELAAERKQKLEE 105

Ca2+-binding protein, EF-hand superfamily [Signal transduction mechanisms];

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  746 EQMNEFRASFNHFDRDHSGTLGPEEFKAClislgydigndpqGEAEFARIMSIVDPNRLGVVTFQAFIDFMSRETADTDT 825
Cdd:COG5126   2 LQRRKLDRRFDLLDADGDGVLERDDFEAL-------------FRRLWATLFSEADTDGDGRISREEFVAGMESLFEATVE 68

                        90       100       110       120
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 4501891  826 ADqVMASFKILagDKN---YITMDELRR-----ELPPDQAEYCIARM 864
Cdd:COG5126  69 PF-ARAAFDLL--DTDgdgKISADEFRRlltalGVSEEEADELFARL 112

EF-hand, calcium binding motif; EF-hands are calcium-binding motifs that occur at least in pairs. Links between disease states and genes encoding EF-hands, particularly the S100 subclass, are emerging. Each motif consists of a 12 residue loop flanked on either side by a 12 residue alpha-helix. EF-hands undergo a conformational change unpon binding calcium ions.

                           10        20
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 4501891     750 EFRASFNHFDRDHSGTLGPEEFKACLISL 778
Cdd:smart00054   1 ELKEAFRLFDKDGDGKIDFEEFKDLLKAL 29

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in alpha-actinin-1; Alpha-actinin-1 (ACTN1), also called alpha-actinin cytoskeletal isoform, or non-muscle alpha-actinin-1, is an F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. ACTN1 is a bundling protein. Its mutations cause congenital macrothrombocytopenia. It contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  136 IQDISVEETSAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNIQNFHISWKDGLGFCALIHRHRPELIDYGKLRKDDPLTNLNTAFDVAEKY 215
Cdd:cd21287   1 IQDISVEETSAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNIQNFHISWKDGLGFCALIHRHRPELIDYGKLRKDDPLTNLNTAFDVAEKY 80

                        90       100       110
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 4501891  216 LDIPKMLDAEDIVGTARPDEKAIMTYVSSFYHAFSGAQK 254
Cdd:cd21287  81 LDIPKMLDAEDIVGTARPDEKAIMTYVSSFYHAFSGAQK 119

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in alpha-actinin-4; Alpha-actinin-4 (ACTN4), also called non-muscle alpha-actinin 4, is an F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. It is associated with cell motility and cancer invasion. ACTN4 is probably involved in vesicular trafficking via its association with the CART complex, which is necessary for efficient transferrin receptor recycling but not for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation. It contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  133 RFAIQDISVEETSAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNIQNFHISWKDGLGFCALIHRHRPELIDYGKLRKDDPLTNLNTAFDVA 212
Cdd:cd21290   1 RFAIQDISVEETSAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNVQNFHISWKDGLAFNALIHRHRPELIEYDKLRKDDPVTNLNNAFEVA 80

                        90       100       110       120
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 4501891  213 EKYLDIPKMLDAEDIVGTARPDEKAIMTYVSSFYHAFSGAQK 254
Cdd:cd21290  81 EKYLDIPKMLDAEDIVNTARPDEKAIMTYVSSFYHAFSGAQK 122

Ca2+-binding actin-bundling protein fimbrin/plastin (EF-Hand superfamily) [Cytoskeleton];

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891   29 WEKQQRKTFTAWCNSHLRKAGT-QIENIEEDFRDGLKLMLLLEVISGERLAKPERGK-MRVHKISNVNKALDFIASKGVK 106
Cdd:COG5069   6 WQKVQKKTFTKWTNEKLISGGQkEFGDLDTDLKDGVKLAQLLEALQKDNAGEYNETPeTRIHVMENVSGRLEFIKGKGVK 85

                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  107 LVSIGAEEIVDGNVKMTLGMIWTIILRFAIQDISVE-ETSAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKN-VNIQNFHISWKDGLGFCALIH 184
Cdd:COG5069  86 LFNIGPQDIVDGNPKLILGLIWSLISRLTIATINEEgELTKHINLLLWCDEDTGGYKPeVDTFDFFRSWRDGLAFSALIH 165

                       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  185 RHRPELIDYGKL---RKDDPLtNLNTAFDVAEKYLDIPKMLDAEDIVGTARPDEKAIMTYVSSFYHAFSGAQKAETAANR 261
Cdd:COG5069 166 DSRPDTLDPNVLdlqKKNKAL-NNFQAFENANKVIGIARLIGVEDIVNVSIPDERSIMTYVSWYIIRFGLLEKIDIALHR 244

                       250       260       270
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 4501891  262 ICKVLAVNQENEQLMEDYEKLASDLLEWIRR 292
Cdd:COG5069 245 VYRLLEADETLIQLRLPYEIILLRLLNLIHL 275

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in the beta spectrin family; The beta spectrin family includes beta-I, -II, -III, -IV and -V spectrins. Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is composed of two antiparallel dimers of alpha- and beta- subunits. Beta-I spectrin, also called spectrin beta chain, erythrocytic (SPTB), may be involved in anaemia pathogenesis. Beta-II spectrin, also called spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 (SPTBN1), or fodrin beta chain, is a component of fodrin, which is the general spectrin-like protein that seems to be involved in secretion. Fodrin interacts with calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner and is thus a candidate for the calcium-dependent movement of the cytoskeleton at the membrane. Beta-IV spectrin is also called spectrin, non-erythroid beta chain 3 (SPTBN3) or spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 4 (SPTBN4). Its mutation associates with congenital myopathy, neuropathy, and central deafness. Beta-III spectrin is also called spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 2 (SPTBN2), or spinocerebellar ataxia 5 protein (SCA5). Beta-V spectrin, also called spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 5 (SPTBN5), is a mammalian ortholog of Drosophila beta H spectrin. Beta-III and Beta-V spectrins may play crucial roles as longer actin-membrane cross-linkers or fulfill the need for greater extensible flexibility than can be provided by the other smaller conventional spectrins. Members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  145 SAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNIQNFHISWKDGLGFCALIHRHRPELIDYGKLRKDDPLTNLNTAFDVAEKYLDIPKMLDA 224
Cdd:cd21194   2 SAKDALLLWCQRKTAGYPGVNIQNFTTSWRDGLAFNALIHAHRPDLIDYNRLDPNDHLGNLNNAFDVAEQELGIAKLLDA 81

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 4501891  225 EDiVGTARPDEKAIMTYVSSFYHAF 249
Cdd:cd21194  82 ED-VDVARPDEKSIMTYVASYYHYF 105

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in the beta-I spectrin-like subfamily; The beta-I spectrin-like family includes beta-I, -II, -III and -IV spectrins. Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is composed of two antiparallel dimers of alpha- and beta- subunits. Beta-I spectrin, also called spectrin beta chain, erythrocytic (SPTB), may be involved in anaemia pathogenesis. Beta-II spectrin, also called spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 1 (SPTBN1), or fodrin beta chain, is a component of fodrin, which is the general spectrin-like protein that seems to be involved in secretion. Fodrin interacts with calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner and is thus a candidate for the calcium-dependent movement of the cytoskeleton at the membrane. Beta-III spectrin, also called spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 2 (SPTBN2), or spinocerebellar ataxia 5 protein (SCA5), may play a crucial role as a longer actin-membrane cross-linker or fulfill the need for greater extensible flexibility than can be provided by the other smaller conventional spectrins. Beta-IV spectrin is also called spectrin, non-erythroid beta chain 3 (SPTBN3) or spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 4 (SPTBN4). Its mutation associates with congenital myopathy, neuropathy, and central deafness. Members of this subfamily contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  145 SAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNIQNFHISWKDGLGFCALIHRHRPELIDYGKLRKDDPLTNLNTAFDVAEKYLDIPKMLDA 224
Cdd:cd21248   2 SAKDALLLWCQMKTAGYPNVNVRNFTTSWRDGLAFNALIHKHRPDLIDYDKLSKSNALYNLQNAFNVAEQKLGLTKLLDP 81

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 4501891  225 EDiVGTARPDEKAIMTYVSSFYHAF 249
Cdd:cd21248  82 ED-VNVEQPDEKSIITYVVTYYHYF 105

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in spectrin beta chain, erythrocytic (SPTB) and similar proteins; Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is composed of two antiparallel dimers of alpha- and beta- subunits. SPTB, also called beta-I spectrin, may be involved in anaemia pathogenesis. SPTB contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  142 EETSAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNIQNFHISWKDGLGFCALIHRHRPELIDYGKLRKDDPLTNLNTAFDVAEKYLDIPKM 221
Cdd:cd21319   2 ETRSAKDALLLWCQMKTAGYPNVNVTNFTSSWKDGLAFNALIHKHRPDLVDFGKLKKSNARHNLEHAFNVAERQLGITKL 81

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 4501891  222 LDAEDIVgTARPDEKAIMTYVSSFYHAFS 250
Cdd:cd21319  82 LDPEDVF-TENPDEKSIITYVVAFYHYFS 109

first calponin homology (CH) domain found in the plectin/dystonin/MACF1 family; This family includes plectin, dystonin and microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1, isoforms 1/2/3/5 (MACF1). Plectin, also called PCN, PLTN, hemidesmosomal protein 1 (HD1), or plectin-1, is a structural component of muscle. It interlinks intermediate filaments with microtubules and microfilaments, and anchors intermediate filaments to desmosomes or hemidesmosomes. It could also bind muscle proteins such as actin to membrane complexes in muscle. Dystonin, also called 230 kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen, 230/240 kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen, bullous pemphigoid antigen 1 (BPA or BPAG1), dystonia musculorum protein, or hemidesmosomal plaque protein, is a cytoskeletal linker protein that acts as an integrator of intermediate filaments, actin, and microtubule cytoskeleton networks. It is required for anchoring either intermediate filaments to the actin cytoskeleton in neural and muscle cells, or keratin-containing intermediate filaments to hemidesmosomes in epithelial cells. MACF1, also called 620 kDa actin-binding protein (ABP620), actin cross-linking family protein 7 (ACF7), macrophin-1, or trabeculin-alpha, is a large protein containing numerous spectrin and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains. It facilitates actin-microtubule interactions at the cell periphery and couples the microtubule network to cellular junctions. Members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the first CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891   33 QRKTFTAWCNSHLRKAGTQIENIEEDFRDGLKLMLLLEVISGERLAKpERGKMRVHKISNVNKALDFIASKGVKLVSIGA 112
Cdd:cd21188   4 QKKTFTKWVNKHLIKARRRVVDLFEDLRDGHNLISLLEVLSGESLPR-ERGRMRFHRLQNVQTALDFLKYRKIKLVNIRA 82

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|..
gi 4501891  113 EEIVDGNVKMTLGMIWTIILRF 134
Cdd:cd21188  83 EDIVDGNPKLTLGLIWTIILHF 104

second calponin homology (CH) domain found in the plectin/dystonin/MACF1 family; This family includes plectin, dystonin and microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1, isoforms 1/2/3/5 (MACF1). Plectin, also called PCN, PLTN, hemidesmosomal protein 1 (HD1), or plectin-1, is a structural component of muscle. It interlinks intermediate filaments with microtubules and microfilaments, and anchors intermediate filaments to desmosomes or hemidesmosomes. It could also bind muscle proteins such as actin to membrane complexes in muscle. Dystonin, also called 230 kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen, 230/240 kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen, bullous pemphigoid antigen 1 (BPA or BPAG1), dystonia musculorum protein, or hemidesmosomal plaque protein, is a cytoskeletal linker protein that acts as an integrator of intermediate filaments, actin, and microtubule cytoskeleton networks. It is required for anchoring either intermediate filaments to the actin cytoskeleton in neural and muscle cells, or keratin-containing intermediate filaments to hemidesmosomes in epithelial cells. MACF1, also called 620 kDa actin-binding protein (ABP620), actin cross-linking family protein 7 (ACF7), macrophin-1, or trabeculin-alpha, is a large protein containing numerous spectrin and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains. It facilitates actin-microtubule interactions at the cell periphery and couples the microtubule network to cellular junctions. Members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the second CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  145 SAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNIQNFHISWKDGLGFCALIHRHRPELIDYGKLRKDDPLTNLNTAFDVAEKYLDIPKMLDA 224
Cdd:cd21189   1 SAKEALLLWARRTTEGYPGVRVTNFTSSWRDGLAFNAIIHRNRPDLIDFRSVRNQSNRENLENAFNVAEKEFGVTRLLDP 80

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 4501891  225 EDiVGTARPDEKAIMTYVSSFYHAF 249
Cdd:cd21189  81 ED-VDVPEPDEKSIITYVSSLYDVF 104

calponin homology (CH) domain found in MICAL-like protein 2 and similar proteins; MICAL-like protein 2 (MICAL-L2), also called junctional Rab13-binding protein (JRAB), or molecule interacting with CasL-like 2, acts as an effector of small Rab GTPases which is involved in junctional complexes assembly through the regulation of cell adhesion molecule transport to the plasma membrane, and actin cytoskeleton reorganization. It regulates the endocytic recycling of occludins, claudins, and E-cadherin to the plasma membrane and may thereby regulate the establishment of tight junctions and adherens junctions. Members of this subfamily contain a single copy of CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  145 SAKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNIQNFHISWKDGLGFCALIHRHRPELIDYGKLRKDDPLTNLNTAFDVAEKYLDIPKMLDA 224
Cdd:cd21253   1 AGIKALQQWCRQQTEGYRDVKVTNMTTSWRDGLAFCAIIHRFRPDLIDFDSLSKENVYENNKLAFTVAEKELGIPALLDA 80

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 4501891  225 EDIVGTARPDEKAIMTYVSSFYHAF 249
Cdd:cd21253  81 EDMVALKVPDKLSILTYVSQYYNYF 105

first calponin homology (CH) domain found in the dystrophin family; The dystrophin family includes dystrophin and its paralog, utrophin. Dystrophin, encoded by the DMD gene, is a large, submembrane cytoskeletal protein that is the main component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) in skeletal muscles. It links the transmembrane DGC to the actin cytoskeleton through binding strongly to the cytoplasmic tail of beta-dystroglycan, the transmembrane subunit of a highly O-glycosylated cell-surface protein. Dystrophin is also involved in maintaining the structural integrity of cells, as well as in the formation of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Utrophin, also called dystrophin-related protein 1 (DRP-1), is an autosomal dystrophin homolog that increases dystrophic muscle function and reduces pathology. It is broadly expressed in both the mRNA and protein levels, and occurs in the cerebrovascular endothelium. Utrophin forms the utrophin-glycoprotein complex (UGC) by interacting with dystroglycans (DGs) and sarcoglycan-dystroglycans, as well as sarcoglycan and sarcospan (SG-SSPN) subcomplexes. It may act as a scaffolding protein that stabilizes lipid microdomains and clusters mechanosensitive channel subunits, and links the F-actin cytoskeleton to the cell membrane via the associated glycoprotein complex. Members of this family contain two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the first CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891   33 QRKTFTAWCNSHLRKAG-TQIENIEEDFRDGLKLMLLLEVISGERLaKPERGKMRVHKISNVNKALDFIASKGVKLVSIG 111
Cdd:cd21186   3 QKKTFTKWINSQLSKANkPPIKDLFEDLRDGTRLLALLEVLTGKKL-KPEKGRMRVHHLNNVNRALQVLEQNNVKLVNIS 81

                        90       100
                ....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 4501891  112 AEEIVDGNVKMTLGMIWTIILRFAIQ 137
Cdd:cd21186  82 SNDIVDGNPKLTLGLVWSIILHWQVK 107

first calponin homology (CH) domain found in spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 4 (SPTBN4) and similar proteins; Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is composed of two antiparallel dimers of alpha- and beta- subunits. SPTBN4, also called beta-IV spectrin, or spectrin, non-erythroid beta chain 3 (SPTBN3), is a novel spectrin isolated as an interactor of the receptor tyrosine phosphatase-like protein ICA512. Its mutation associates with congenital myopathy, neuropathy, and central deafness. SPTBN4 contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the first CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891   10 NDYMQPEEDWDRDL------------LLDPAWEKQQRKTFTAWCNSHLRKAGTQIENIEEDFRDGLKLMLLLEVISGERL 77
Cdd:cd21318   4 NRWESTERPWDEPAataklfecsrikALADEREAVQKKTFTKWVNSHLARVPCRINDLYTDLRDGYVLTRLLEVLSGEQL 83

                        90       100       110       120       130
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 4501891   78 AKPERGKMRVHKISNVNKALDFIASKGVKLVSIGAEEIVDGNVKMTLGMIWTIILR 133
Cdd:cd21318  84 PKPTRGRMRIHSLENVDKALQFLKEQRVHLENVGSHDIVDGNHRLTLGLIWTIILR 139

first calponin homology (CH) domain found in synaptic nuclear envelope protein 1 and similar proteins; Synaptic nuclear envelope protein 1 (SYNE-1), also called nesprin-1, enaptin, KASH domain-containing protein 1 (KASH1), myocyte nuclear envelope protein 1 (MYNE-1), or nuclear envelope spectrin repeat protein 1, is a multi-isomeric modular protein which forms a linking network between organelles and the actin cytoskeleton to maintain subcellular spatial organization. SYNE-1 also acts as a component of the LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex, which is involved in the connection between the nuclear lamina and the cytoskeleton. SYNE-1 contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the first CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891   30 EKQQRKTFTAWCNSHL--RKAGTQIENIEEDFRDGLKLMLLLEVISGERLAKpERGKM--RVHKISNVNKALDFIASKGV 105
Cdd:cd21241   3 ERVQKKTFTNWINSYLakRKPPMKVEDLFEDIKDGTKLLALLEVLSGEKLPC-EKGRRlkRVHFLSNINTALKFLESKKI 81

                        90       100       110
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 4501891  106 KLVSIGAEEIVDGNVKMTLGMIWTIILRFAIQ 137
Cdd:cd21241  82 KLVNINPTDIVDGKPSIVLGLIWTIILYFQIE 113

first calponin homology (CH) domain found in spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 2 (SPTBN2) and similar proteins; Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is composed of two antiparallel dimers of alpha- and beta- subunits. SPTBN2, also called beta-III spectrin, or spinocerebellar ataxia 5 protein (SCA5), probably plays an important role in the neuronal membrane skeleton. Mutations in SPTBN2 is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia type 5. SPTBN2 contains two copies of the CH domain. This model corresponds to the first CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891   15 PEEDWDRD------------LLLDPAWEKQQRKTFTAWCNSHLRKAGTQIENIEEDFRDGLKLMLLLEVISGERLAKPER 82
Cdd:cd21317   2 ADDDWDNDnssarlfersriKALADEREAVQKKTFTKWVNSHLARVTCRIGDLYTDLRDGRMLIRLLEVLSGEQLPKPTK 81

                        90       100       110       120       130
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 4501891   83 GKMRVHKISNVNKALDFIASKGVKLVSIGAEEIVDGNVKMTLGMIWTIILR 133
Cdd:cd21317  82 GRMRIHCLENVDKALQFLKEQKVHLENMGSHDIVDGNHRLTLGLIWTIILR 132

calponin homology (CH) domain found in the MICAL-like protein family; The MICAL-L family includes MICAL-L1 and MICAL-L2. MICAL-L1, also called molecule interacting with Rab13 (MIRab13), is a probable lipid-binding protein with higher affinity for phosphatidic acid, a lipid enriched in recycling endosome membranes. It is a tubular endosomal membrane hub that connects Rab35 and Arf6 with Rab8a. It may be involved in a late step of receptor-mediated endocytosis regulating endocytosed-EGF receptor trafficking. Alternatively, it may regulate slow endocytic recycling of endocytosed proteins back to the plasma membrane. MICAL-L1 may indirectly play a role in neurite outgrowth. MICAL-L2, also called junctional Rab13-binding protein (JRAB), or molecule interacting with CasL-like 2, acts as an effector of small Rab GTPases which is involved in junctional complexes assembly through the regulation of cell adhesion molecule transport to the plasma membrane, and actin cytoskeleton reorganization. It regulates the endocytic recycling of occludins, claudins, and E-cadherin to the plasma membrane and may thereby regulate the establishment of tight junctions and adherens junctions. Members of this family contain a single copy of CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 4501891  146 AKEGLLLWCQRKTAPYKNVNIQNFHISWKDGLGFCALIHRHRPELIDYGKLRKDDPLTNLNTAFDVAEKYLDIPKMLDAE 225
Cdd:cd21197   1 KIQALLRWCRRQCEGYPGVNITNLTSSFRDGLAFCAILHRHRPELIDFHSLKKDNWLENNRLAFRVAETSLGIPALLDAE 80