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Conserved domains on  [gi|320545934|ref|NP_001189115|]
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uncharacterized protein Dmel_CG42717 [Drosophila melanogaster]

Protein Classification

BPTI domain-containing protein( domain architecture ID 577)

BPTI (Kunitz/Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) domain-containing protein similar to Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitors

CATH:  4.10.410.10
Gene Ontology:  GO:0004867
PubMed:  14705960
SCOP:  4003337

Graphical summary

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List of domain hits

Name Accession Description Interval E-value
Kunitz-type super family cl00101
Kunitz/Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) domain; This family contains the Kunitz ...
57-90 3.29e-09

Kunitz/Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) domain; This family contains the Kunitz domain which is a common structural fold found in a family of reversible serine protease inhibitors. This domain is thought to have evolved over 500 million years and is ubiquitous in all kingdoms of life and has been incorporated into many different genes. In general, each domain is encoded by a single exon. Some genes encode proteins with a single Kunitz domain, e.g. bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI), trophoblast Kunitz domain protein (TKDP), amyloid beta-protein precursor (ABPP), as well as Kunitz-type venom peptides such as dendrotoxin. Genes that encode multiple Kunitz domains include hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitors HAI1 and HAI2 (two domains), tissue factor pathway inhibitor TFPI1 and TFPI2 (three domains) and Caenorhabditis elegans papilin (eleven domains). In addition, the Kunitz domain has been integrated into multi-domain proteins, e.g. the collagen alpha3(VI), alpha1(VII) and alpha1(XXVIII) chains, WFIKKN1 (containing WAP, Follistatin/Kazal, Immunoglobulin, two Kunitz and NTR domains) and papilin. Furthermore, each domain within a multi-Kunitz domain protein may exhibit different protease activity, such as for the three tandemly repeated domains within both tissue factor pathway inhibitors 1 and 2. The Kunitz domain is a representative of alpha/beta proteins with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds and presenting three peptide loops that can be varied without introducing much destabilization to the scaffold. Protease inhibitors meet the scaffold criteria in that they are small, stable and capable of evolving the binding activity of exposed peptide loops through targeted randomization to construct combinatorial libraries. Kunitz domain-based scaffolds have been successfully utilized to construct and select a library of protease inhibitors with the potential for therapeutic application.


The actual alignment was detected with superfamily member cd22634:

Pssm-ID: 444694  Cd Length: 57  Bit Score: 48.28  E-value: 3.29e-09
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 320545934 57 NMWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE 90
Cdd:cd22634  21 PSWSYNPDKNECEEFIYGGCGGNDNRFSTKAECE 54
 
Name Accession Description Interval E-value
Kunitz_SCI-I-like cd22634
chymotrypsin inhibitor SCI-I_III-like; This model includes the Kunitz-type chymotrypsin ...
57-90 3.29e-09

chymotrypsin inhibitor SCI-I_III-like; This model includes the Kunitz-type chymotrypsin inhibitors SCI-III and SCI-I, and similar proteins in insects. SCI-III and SCI-I inhibit chymotrypsin, avoiding the accidental chymotrypsin-mediated activation of prophenoloxidase. This enzyme is required by the insect immune system to produce melanin which is used to engulf foreign objects. This subfamily also includes Kunitz-type male accessory gland peptide with protease inhibitory activity, synthesized and secreted by male accessory glands of Drosophila funebris; it may play a role as an acrosin inhibitor involved in reproduction. These proteins are similar to Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438677  Cd Length: 57  Bit Score: 48.28  E-value: 3.29e-09
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 320545934 57 NMWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE 90
Cdd:cd22634  21 PSWSYNPDKNECEEFIYGGCGGNDNRFSTKAECE 54
Kunitz_BPTI pfam00014
Kunitz/Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor domain; Indicative of a protease inhibitor, usually ...
53-93 3.59e-08

Kunitz/Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor domain; Indicative of a protease inhibitor, usually a serine protease inhibitor. Structure is a disulfide rich alpha+beta fold. BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) is an extensively studied model structure. Certain family members are similar to the tick anticoagulant peptide (TAP). This is a highly selective inhibitor of factor Xa in the blood coagulation pathways. TAP molecules are highly dipolar, and are arranged to form a twisted two- stranded antiparallel beta-sheet followed by an alpha helix.


Pssm-ID: 425421  Cd Length: 53  Bit Score: 45.71  E-value: 3.59e-08
                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 320545934  53 SANKNMWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE-ACR 93
Cdd:pfam00014 12 KASIPRWYYNPTTGTCEPFTYGGCGGNANNFESLEECEsTCR 53
KU smart00131
BPTI/Kunitz family of serine protease inhibitors; Serine protease inhibitors. One member of ...
53-90 1.76e-07

BPTI/Kunitz family of serine protease inhibitors; Serine protease inhibitors. One member of the family is encoded by an alternatively-spliced form of Alzheimer's amyloid beta-protein.


Pssm-ID: 197529  Cd Length: 53  Bit Score: 43.79  E-value: 1.76e-07
                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 320545934   53 SANKNMWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE 90
Cdd:smart00131 13 GGSIPRYYYDPETGTCEPFTYGGCGGNANNFESLEECE 50
 
Name Accession Description Interval E-value
Kunitz_SCI-I-like cd22634
chymotrypsin inhibitor SCI-I_III-like; This model includes the Kunitz-type chymotrypsin ...
57-90 3.29e-09

chymotrypsin inhibitor SCI-I_III-like; This model includes the Kunitz-type chymotrypsin inhibitors SCI-III and SCI-I, and similar proteins in insects. SCI-III and SCI-I inhibit chymotrypsin, avoiding the accidental chymotrypsin-mediated activation of prophenoloxidase. This enzyme is required by the insect immune system to produce melanin which is used to engulf foreign objects. This subfamily also includes Kunitz-type male accessory gland peptide with protease inhibitory activity, synthesized and secreted by male accessory glands of Drosophila funebris; it may play a role as an acrosin inhibitor involved in reproduction. These proteins are similar to Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438677  Cd Length: 57  Bit Score: 48.28  E-value: 3.29e-09
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 320545934 57 NMWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE 90
Cdd:cd22634  21 PSWSYNPDKNECEEFIYGGCGGNDNRFSTKAECE 54
Kunitz_BPTI pfam00014
Kunitz/Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor domain; Indicative of a protease inhibitor, usually ...
53-93 3.59e-08

Kunitz/Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor domain; Indicative of a protease inhibitor, usually a serine protease inhibitor. Structure is a disulfide rich alpha+beta fold. BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) is an extensively studied model structure. Certain family members are similar to the tick anticoagulant peptide (TAP). This is a highly selective inhibitor of factor Xa in the blood coagulation pathways. TAP molecules are highly dipolar, and are arranged to form a twisted two- stranded antiparallel beta-sheet followed by an alpha helix.


Pssm-ID: 425421  Cd Length: 53  Bit Score: 45.71  E-value: 3.59e-08
                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 320545934  53 SANKNMWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE-ACR 93
Cdd:pfam00014 12 KASIPRWYYNPTTGTCEPFTYGGCGGNANNFESLEECEsTCR 53
Kunitz-type cd00109
Kunitz/Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) domain; This family contains the Kunitz ...
58-91 6.24e-08

Kunitz/Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) domain; This family contains the Kunitz domain which is a common structural fold found in a family of reversible serine protease inhibitors. This domain is thought to have evolved over 500 million years and is ubiquitous in all kingdoms of life and has been incorporated into many different genes. In general, each domain is encoded by a single exon. Some genes encode proteins with a single Kunitz domain, e.g. bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI), trophoblast Kunitz domain protein (TKDP), amyloid beta-protein precursor (ABPP), as well as Kunitz-type venom peptides such as dendrotoxin. Genes that encode multiple Kunitz domains include hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitors HAI1 and HAI2 (two domains), tissue factor pathway inhibitor TFPI1 and TFPI2 (three domains) and Caenorhabditis elegans papilin (eleven domains). In addition, the Kunitz domain has been integrated into multi-domain proteins, e.g. the collagen alpha3(VI), alpha1(VII) and alpha1(XXVIII) chains, WFIKKN1 (containing WAP, Follistatin/Kazal, Immunoglobulin, two Kunitz and NTR domains) and papilin. Furthermore, each domain within a multi-Kunitz domain protein may exhibit different protease activity, such as for the three tandemly repeated domains within both tissue factor pathway inhibitors 1 and 2. The Kunitz domain is a representative of alpha/beta proteins with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds and presenting three peptide loops that can be varied without introducing much destabilization to the scaffold. Protease inhibitors meet the scaffold criteria in that they are small, stable and capable of evolving the binding activity of exposed peptide loops through targeted randomization to construct combinatorial libraries. Kunitz domain-based scaffolds have been successfully utilized to construct and select a library of protease inhibitors with the potential for therapeutic application.


Pssm-ID: 438633  Cd Length: 51  Bit Score: 44.85  E-value: 6.24e-08
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 320545934 58 MWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCEA 91
Cdd:cd00109  16 RWYYNSETGQCEEFIYGGCGGNANNFETKEECEA 49
KU smart00131
BPTI/Kunitz family of serine protease inhibitors; Serine protease inhibitors. One member of ...
53-90 1.76e-07

BPTI/Kunitz family of serine protease inhibitors; Serine protease inhibitors. One member of the family is encoded by an alternatively-spliced form of Alzheimer's amyloid beta-protein.


Pssm-ID: 197529  Cd Length: 53  Bit Score: 43.79  E-value: 1.76e-07
                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 320545934   53 SANKNMWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE 90
Cdd:smart00131 13 GGSIPRYYYDPETGTCEPFTYGGCGGNANNFESLEECE 50
Kunitz_collagen_alpha3_VI cd22629
Kunitz-type domain from the alpha3 chain of human type VI collagen, and similar proteins; This ...
59-91 3.06e-07

Kunitz-type domain from the alpha3 chain of human type VI collagen, and similar proteins; This model includes the Kunitz-type domain from the alpha3 chain of type VI collagen (collagen alpha 3(VI) chain), encoded by COL6A3 gene. Collagen VI is a widely expressed member of the triple helix-containing protein superfamily of collagens and forms beaded microfibrils that anchor large interstitial structures. Immediately after fibril formation, the Kunitz domain can be cleaved off. Mutations in the alpha1, alpha2, and alpha3 chains of collagen VI cause myopathies ranging from the severe Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy to the milder Bethlem myopathy, including intermediate forms. Early onset isolated dystonia, a neurological disease, has been shown to be caused by mutations in the alpha3 chain. Findings also indicated potential associations between COL6A3 polymorphisms and lung cancer risk. This domain is similar to that of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438672  Cd Length: 53  Bit Score: 43.13  E-value: 3.06e-07
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCEA 91
Cdd:cd22629  19 WYYDPETKSCARFWYGGCGGNENRFDSQEECEK 51
Kunitz_collagen_alpha6_VI cd22630
Kunitz-type domain from the alpha6 chain of human type VI collagen, and similar proteins; This ...
59-91 3.48e-07

Kunitz-type domain from the alpha6 chain of human type VI collagen, and similar proteins; This model includes the Kunitz-type domain from the alpha6 chain of type VI collagen (collagen alpha 6(VI) chain), encoded by COL6A6 gene, and similar proteins. Collagen VI is a widely expressed member of the triple helix-containing protein superfamily of collagens and forms beaded microfibrils that anchor large interstitial structures. Immediately after fibril formation, the Kunitz domain can be cleaved off. This domain is similar to that of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438673  Cd Length: 55  Bit Score: 42.98  E-value: 3.48e-07
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCEA 91
Cdd:cd22630  19 WYYDQEQKECSQFWYGGCGGNKNRFETQEECEA 51
Kunitz_papilin cd22635
Kunitz domain of papilin, and similar proteins; This model includes the Kunitz domain found in ...
58-90 3.88e-07

Kunitz domain of papilin, and similar proteins; This model includes the Kunitz domain found in human and mouse papilin, and similar proteins. Papilin is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that has been found in many organisms to be involved in thin matrix layers during gastrulation, matrix associated with wandering, phagocytic hemocytes, basement membranes and space-filling matrix during Drosophila development. It is a multidomain protein that primarily occurs in basement membranes. Papilins interact with several extracellular matrix components and ADAMTS enzymes, influences cell rearrangements and may modulate metalloproteinases during organogenesis. Papilins exist in mammals and invertebrates as a set of related, though not necessarily identical proteins. Mammalian papilin contains a single Kunitz domain, while other papilins such as that from Caenorhabditis elegans, contains multiple Kunitz domains. These domains are similar to Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438678  Cd Length: 52  Bit Score: 43.02  E-value: 3.88e-07
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 320545934 58 MWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE 90
Cdd:cd22635  17 RWYYDPATGACNRFWYGGCGGNANRFATEAECL 49
Kunitz_papilin_mig6-like cd22637
Drosophila melanogaster Kunitz domains 5, 6, 7, and Caenorhabditis elegans Kunitz domain 5 of ...
58-91 4.57e-07

Drosophila melanogaster Kunitz domains 5, 6, 7, and Caenorhabditis elegans Kunitz domain 5 of papilin, and similar domains; This model includes Kunitz domains from papilins with multiple Kunitz domains, such as Drosophila melanogaster Kunitz domains 5, 6, 7, and Caenorhabditis elegans Kunitz domain 5 of papilin, among others. Papilins are essential for embryonic development. D. melanogaster papilin is an essential extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that influences cell rearrangements. It may act by modulating metalloproteinases action during organogenesis and is able to non-competitively inhibit procollagen N-proteinase, an ADAMTS metalloproteinase. C. elegans papilin (also called abnormal cell migration protein 6) mig-6 encodes long (MIG-6L) and short (MIG-6S) isoforms of the extracellular matrix protein papilin, each required for distinct aspects of distal tip cell (DTC) migration and both isoforms have an N-terminal papilin cassette, lagrin repeats and six C-terminal Kunitz-type serine proteinase inhibitory domains. It plays a role in embryogenesis, the second phase of distal cell tip migration and is required for distribution of the metalloproteinase, mig-17, during organogenesis. These domains are similar to Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438679  Cd Length: 51  Bit Score: 42.73  E-value: 4.57e-07
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 320545934 58 MWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCEA 91
Cdd:cd22637  16 KWYYDSKKGSCRQFYYGGCGGNDNRFDTEEECEA 49
Kunitz_HAI1_2-like cd22624
Kunitz domain 2 of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (HAI1); This model includes ...
58-93 9.68e-07

Kunitz domain 2 of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (HAI1); This model includes Kunitz domain 2 (KD2) of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI-1 or HAI1, also known as Kunitz-type protease inhibitor 1), a membrane-bound multidomain protein essential to the integrity of the basement membrane during placental development. HAI-1 contains an extracellular region and several internal domains that include two Kunitz domains separated in sequence but spatially closed to each other, and their interdomain interactions have evolved to stimulate the inhibitory activity of an integrated Kunitz. While the Kunitz domain 1 (KD1) is the major inhibitory domain of HAI-1 and involved in auto-inhibition of the extracellular region via steric blockage of its active site in the HAI-1 compact tertiary structure, studies show that deletion of HAI-1 Kunitz domain 2 (KD2) and the extracellular region enhanced inhibition of matriptase. HAI-1 KD2 has been shown to have potent inhibitory activity against trypsin, but it cannot inhibit hepatocyte growth factor activator (HGFA), and matriptase. HAI-1 is also important in maintaining postnatal homeostasis in many tissues, including keratinization of the epidermis, hair development, colonic epithelium integrity, proliferation and cell fate of neural progenitor cells, and tissue injury and repair. The interaction between HAI-1 and matriptase is critical for tissue morphogenesis and cellular biology. HAI-1:matriptase ratio imbalance results in tumorigenesis; slight overexpression of matriptase relative to HAI-1 causes spontaneous squamous cell carcinoma, a phenotype that can be effectively reversed back to wild type by additional expression of HAI-1, indicating the need for a tight functional relationship between the two to maintain homeostasis. The structure of KD2 is similar to those of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438667  Cd Length: 61  Bit Score: 42.12  E-value: 9.68e-07
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 320545934 58 MWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALC-EACR 93
Cdd:cd22624  17 RWYYDPLSRKCHRFTYGGCDGNENNFETEDECmETCS 53
Kunitz_TFPI1_TFPI2_3-like cd22615
Kunitz protease inhibitor (KPI) domain 3 (KPI-3 or K3) of tissue factor pathway inhibitor ...
53-89 1.31e-06

Kunitz protease inhibitor (KPI) domain 3 (KPI-3 or K3) of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and TFPI2, and similar proteins; This model represents the third Kunitz-type domain (K3 or KPI-3) of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI or TFPI1), also known as extrinsic pathway inhibitor (EPI) or lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor (LACI), and of TFPI2 (or TFPI-2). TFPI1 down-regulates the extrinsic coagulation pathway via inhibition of activated factor X (FXa or Xa) and FVIIa (VIIa). It inhibits activated FXa via a "slow-tight binding mechanism", i.e. rapid formation of a loose FXa-TFPI1 complex that then slowly isomerizes to a tight FXa-TFPI1* complex. Subsequent inhibition of FVIIa is facilitated by the presence of tissue factor (TF) and FXa, which together rapidly and efficiently form a quaternary FXa-TFPI1-TF-FVIIa complex in which the activity of FXa and FVIIa are inhibited. TFPI1 consists of 3 Kunitz-type protease inhibitor (KPI) domains in a tandem arrangement; while the K1 domain of TFPI has been shown to bind and inhibit FVIIa and the K2 domain similarly inhibits FXa, the K3 domain has no known inhibitory function. However, Protein S, which functions as a cofactor for TFPI to efficiently enhance TFPI inhibition of FXa and FXa activated TF-VIIa, is dependent on direct interactions with two important residues within K3, a Glutamate and an Arginine. This model also includes TFPI2 Kunitz domain 3 (KD3). TFPI2 exhibits inhibitory activity primarily toward trypsin, plasmin, and factor VIIa (FVIIa)/tissue factor (TF) via its KD1. It is believed to be the major inhibitor of plasmin in the extracellular matrix (ECM) but has little inhibitory activity toward urokinase-type plasminogen activator, tissue-type plasminogen activator, or thrombin. While TFPI2 specifically inhibits the proteases via the P1 arginine residue in KD1, domains KD2 and KD3 appear to have no discernible inhibitory activity and may serve to bind to nearby proteins to localize TFPI2 in the ECM. The structure of this domain is similar to that of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438658  Cd Length: 54  Bit Score: 41.51  E-value: 1.31e-06
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 320545934 53 SANKNMWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALC 89
Cdd:cd22615  14 SASVTRYYYNSATKTCEPFNYTGCGGNNNNFTSKKDC 50
Kunitz_collagen_alpha1_VII cd22627
Kunitz-type domain from the alpha1 chain of type VII collagen, and similar proteins; This ...
59-92 1.71e-06

Kunitz-type domain from the alpha1 chain of type VII collagen, and similar proteins; This model includes the Kunitz-type domain from the alpha1 chain of type VII collagen (collagen alpha-1(VII) chain also called long-chain collagen or LC collagen) and similar proteins. LC collagen, encoded by the COL7A1 gene, is a stratified squamous epithelial basement membrane protein that forms anchoring fibrils which may contribute to epithelial basement membrane organization and adherence by interacting with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins such as type IV collagen. So far, over 800 COL7A1 mutations have been reported, including missense, nonsense, splicing, insertion, and deletion mutations which to varying degrees leads to deficiency of type VII collagen. Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is an autoimmune acquired blistering skin disease resulting from autoantibodies to type VII collagen. The COL7A1 protein contains a Kunitz domain, the deactivation of which induces tumorigenesis. This domain is similar to that of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438670  Cd Length: 53  Bit Score: 41.46  E-value: 1.71e-06
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCEAC 92
Cdd:cd22627  19 WYYHQKAGECRPFVYGGCGGNANRFSSKEDCELR 52
Kunitz_BmTI-like cd22604
Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor 6 (BmTI-6), A (BmTI-A), and similar proteins; This group ...
58-90 5.98e-06

Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor 6 (BmTI-6), A (BmTI-A), and similar proteins; This group includes Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitors 6 (BmTI-6) and A (BmTI-A), both of which inhibit bovine trypsin, bovine chymotrypsin, human plasmin, human plasma kallikrein and human neutrophil elastase, but not bovine thrombin, human factor Xa or porcine pancreatic kallikrein. They may play a role in blocking blood coagulation during the larvae fixation on cattle. This subfamily also includes Rhipicephalus microplus protease inhibitor carrapatin. These proteins are similar to Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438647 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 56  Bit Score: 40.13  E-value: 5.98e-06
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 320545934 58 MWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE 90
Cdd:cd22604  21 MWWYNVKTGQCEEFIYGGCQGNDNRYETEEECE 53
Kunitz_collagen_alpha6_VI-like cd22631
Kunitz-type domain from the alpha6 chain of fish type VI collagen, and similar proteins; This ...
58-91 8.76e-06

Kunitz-type domain from the alpha6 chain of fish type VI collagen, and similar proteins; This model includes the Kunitz-type domain from the alpha6 chain of type VI collagen (collagen alpha 6(VI) chain) and similar proteins. Collagen VI is a widely expressed member of the triple helix-containing protein superfamily of collagens and forms beaded microfibrils that anchor large interstitial structures. Immediately after fibril formation, the Kunitz domain can be cleaved off. This domain is similar to that of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438674 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 51  Bit Score: 39.52  E-value: 8.76e-06
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 320545934 58 MWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCEA 91
Cdd:cd22631  16 MWFFDSKQGRCSRFWYGGCGGNANRFETQEECEN 49
Kunitz_amblin-like cd22638
Caenorhabditis elegans Kunitz domain 11 of papilin (also called abnormal cell migration ...
58-91 1.47e-05

Caenorhabditis elegans Kunitz domain 11 of papilin (also called abnormal cell migration protein 6 or mig-6), Amblyomma hebraeum amblin domain 1, and similar proteins; This model includes Caenorhabditis elegans Kunitz domain 11 of papilin (also called abnormal cell migration protein 6 or mig-6) and domain 1 of Amblyomma hebraeum amblin, and similar proteins. C. elegans papilin (also called abnormal cell migration protein 6) mig-6 encodes long (MIG-6L) and short (MIG-6S) isoforms of the extracellular matrix protein papilin, each required for distinct aspects of distal tip cell (DTC) migration and both isoforms have an N-terminal papilin cassette, lagrin repeats and six C-terminal Kunitz-type serine proteinase inhibitory domains. It plays a role in embryogenesis, the second phase of distal cell tip migration and is required for distribution of the metalloproteinase, mig-17, during organogenesis. Amblin contains two Kunitz-like domains and specifically inhibits thrombin. These domains are similar to Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438680  Cd Length: 51  Bit Score: 38.91  E-value: 1.47e-05
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 320545934 58 MWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCEA 91
Cdd:cd22638  16 KWYYDPSTQSCKTFIYGGCGGNGNRFDSEEDCQE 49
Kunitz_TFPI2_1-like cd22616
Kunitz domain 1 (KD1) of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2) and similar proteins; This ...
59-94 1.81e-05

Kunitz domain 1 (KD1) of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2) and similar proteins; This model represents the Kunitz-type domain 1 (KD1) of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2 or TFPI-2) and similar proteins. TFPI2 exhibits inhibitory activity primarily toward trypsin, plasmin, and factor VIIa (FVIIa)/tissue factor (TF) via its KD1. It is believed to be the major inhibitor of plasmin in the extracellular matrix (ECM) but has little inhibitory activity toward urokinase-type plasminogen activator, tissue-type plasminogen activator, or thrombin. TFPI2 specifically inhibits the proteases via the P1 arginine residue in KD1. The TFPI2 domains KD2 and KD3 appear to have no discernible inhibitory activity and may serve to bind to nearby proteins to localize TFPI2 in the ECM. Structure studies of KD1 complexed with proteases may help in the development of specific and potent KD1 domain protein that may have a large pharmacologic impact in preventing tumor metastasis, retinal degeneration, and degradation of collagen in the ECM. The structure of this domain is similar to that of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438659  Cd Length: 57  Bit Score: 38.76  E-value: 1.81e-05
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE-ACRR 94
Cdd:cd22616  21 YYYDRYTQTCREFSYGGCEGNANNFESLEDCEkTCWR 57
Kunitz_WFIKKN_2-like cd22606
second Kunitz domain of WAP, Kazal, immunoglobulin, Kunitz and NTR domain-containing proteins; ...
59-91 3.62e-05

second Kunitz domain of WAP, Kazal, immunoglobulin, Kunitz and NTR domain-containing proteins; This subfamily includes WAP, Kazal, immunoglobulin, Kunitz and NTR domain-containing protein 1 (WFIKKN1, WFKN1), WFIKKN2 (WFKN2), and similar proteins. WFIKKN proteins are protease inhibitors that contain two distinct Kunitz-type protease inhibitor domains. They may have serine protease- and metalloprotease-inhibitor activity. This model represents the second Kunitz (KU2) domain, which has been shown to inhibit trypsin, but not chymotrypsin, elastase, plasmin, pancreatic kallikrein, lung tryptase, plasma kallikrein, thrombin, urokinase or tissue plasminogen activator. However, the inhibition constant of this domain for bovine trypsin is about five orders of magnitudes lower than that of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) for trypsin. This could be due to unfavorable side-chain conformation of a tryptophan at P2' site which is incompatible with a trypsin complex; typical trypsin inhibitors of the Kunitz family feature a tyrosine residue or other less bulky residues at this site. The structure of KU2 is similar to those of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438649  Cd Length: 53  Bit Score: 37.72  E-value: 3.62e-05
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCEA 91
Cdd:cd22606  18 WAYNSLLKQCQSFVYGGCEGNENNFESKEACED 50
Kunitz_actitoxin-like cd22633
Kunitz-type actitoxins such as Anemonia viridis U-actitoxin-Avd3l, and similar proteins; This ...
59-91 5.13e-05

Kunitz-type actitoxins such as Anemonia viridis U-actitoxin-Avd3l, and similar proteins; This model includes the Kunitz-type actitoxins such as Anemonia viridis U-actitoxin-Avd3l (also called U-AITX-Avd3l or AsKC9), Anthopleura elegantissima KappaPI-actitoxin-Ael3a (also called KappaPI-AITX-Ael3a or Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor APEKTx1) and Anthopleura aff. xanthogrammica PI-actitoxin-Axm2b (also called PI-AITX-Axm2b or Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitor AXPI-II). U-AITX-Avd3l and KappaPI-AITX-Ael3a are dual-function toxins that inhibit both the serine protease trypsin and voltage-gated potassium channels Kv1.2/KCNA2. These proteins are similar to Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438676  Cd Length: 55  Bit Score: 37.51  E-value: 5.13e-05
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCEA 91
Cdd:cd22633  21 YYYNSSTRRCEKFRYGGCGGNANNFHTLEECEK 53
Kunitz_HAI1_1-like cd22623
Kunitz domain 1 of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (HAI-1); This model includes ...
59-93 9.49e-05

Kunitz domain 1 of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (HAI-1); This model includes Kunitz domain 1 (KD1) of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI1 or HAI-1, also known as Kunitz-type protease inhibitor 1), a membrane-bound multidomain protein essential to the integrity of the basement membrane during placental development. HAI-1 contains an extracellular region and several internal domains that include two Kunitz domains separated in sequence but spatially closed to each other, and their interdomain interactions have evolved to stimulate the inhibitory activity of an integrated Kunitz. KD1, the major inhibitory domain of HAI-1, is involved in auto-inhibition of the extracellular region via steric blockage of its active site in the HAI-1 compact tertiary structure; presence of the target protease causes changes in the HAI-1 structure to an extended conformation. HAI-1 has been shown to inhibit several serine proteases such as matripase, hepsin, trypsin, hepatocyte growth factor activator (HGFA), and prostasin. It is also important in maintaining postnatal homeostasis in many tissues, including keratinization of the epidermis, hair development, colonic epithelium integrity, proliferation and cell fate of neural progenitor cells, and tissue injury and repair. The interaction between HAI-1 and matriptase is critical for tissue morphogenesis and cellular biology. HAI-1:matriptase ratio imbalance results in tumorigenesis; slight overexpression of matriptase relative to HAI-1 causes spontaneous squamous cell carcinoma, a phenotype that can be effectively reversed back to wild type by additional expression of HAI-1, indicating the need for a tight functional relationship between the two to maintain homeostasis. The structures of these domains are similar to those of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438666  Cd Length: 59  Bit Score: 36.75  E-value: 9.49e-05
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE-ACR 93
Cdd:cd22623  22 WHYNAASGKCEEFVFGGCKGNKNNYLSEEECLsACR 57
Kunitz_eppin cd22611
Kunitz domain of epididymal protease inhibitor eppin and similar proteins; This subfamily ...
59-96 1.76e-04

Kunitz domain of epididymal protease inhibitor eppin and similar proteins; This subfamily includes the Kunitz inhibitor domain protein eppin (also called Cancer/testis antigen 71 or CT71, epididymal protease inhibitor, protease inhibitor WAP7, serine protease inhibitor-like with Kunitz and WAP domains 1, or WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 7) as well as WAP four-disulfide core domain proteins 6A and 6B in mice, and similar proteins. Eppin is a serine protease inhibitor that plays an essential role in male reproduction and fertility. It modulates the hydrolysis of seminal fluid protein semenogelin 1 (SEMG1) by the serine protease kallikrein-related peptidase 3 (KLK3, PSA), provides antimicrobial protection for spermatozoa in the ejaculate coagulum, and binds SEMG1, thereby inhibiting sperm motility. Thus, eppin could potentially be used as a target for male contraception. These domains are similar to Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438654  Cd Length: 57  Bit Score: 36.23  E-value: 1.76e-04
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE-ACRRPR 96
Cdd:cd22611  19 WWYDKETNTCSKFIYGGCQGNNNNFQSEAICQnICKKKR 57
Kunitz_conkunitzin cd22593
conkunitzin-S1 and -S2, and similar proteins; This model includes Kunitz-type conkunitzin-S1 ...
53-91 1.78e-04

conkunitzin-S1 and -S2, and similar proteins; This model includes Kunitz-type conkunitzin-S1 (Cs1) and -S2 (Cs2). Conkunitzins are pore-modulating toxins that block voltage-dependent potassium channels (Kvs) by exploiting inherent slow inactivation to block K+ channels. Cs1 binds to the channel turrets and disrupts the structural water hydrogen-bonding network, exposing the peripheral water pockets of ion channels and triggering an asymmetric collapse of the pore. Conus bullatus conkunitzin-B1, expressed in the venom duct, specifically blocks voltage-activated potassium channels (Kv) of the Shaker family. Members of this subfamily contain 2 disulfide bonds instead of the 3 present in most Kunitz domain proteins.


Pssm-ID: 438636  Cd Length: 51  Bit Score: 36.05  E-value: 1.78e-04
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 320545934 53 SANKNMWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCEA 91
Cdd:cd22593  11 NSSLTRWYYDPKKGQCKPFTYKGKGGNENNFLTKEDCEE 49
Kunitz_TFPI1_1-like cd22613
Kunitz protease inhibitor (KPI) domain 1 (KPI-1 or K1) of tissue factor pathway inhibitor ...
34-90 2.00e-04

Kunitz protease inhibitor (KPI) domain 1 (KPI-1 or K1) of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI); This model represents the first Kunitz-type domain (K1 or KPI-1) of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI or TFPI1), also known as extrinsic pathway inhibitor (EPI) or lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor (LACI). TFPI down-regulates the extrinsic coagulation pathway via inhibition of activated factor X (FXa or Xa) and FVIIa (VIIa). It inhibits activated FXa via a "slow-tight binding mechanism", i.e. rapid formation of a loose FXa-TFPI complex that then slowly isomerizes to a tight FXa-TFPI* complex. Subsequent inhibition of FVIIa is facilitated by the presence of tissue factor (TF) and FXa, which together rapidly and efficiently form a quaternary FXa-TFPI-TF-FVIIa complex in which the activity of FXa and FVIIa are inhibited. TFPI consists of 3 Kunitz-type protease inhibitor (KPI) domains in a tandem arrangement; The K1 domain of TFPI has been shown to bind and inhibit FVIIa while the K2 domain similarly inhibits FXa. Small peptide blocking inhibition of FXa and TF-FVIIa by TFPI shows that domain K1 is not only important for FVIIa inhibition but also for FXa inhibition, i.e. for the transition of the loose to the tight FXa-TFPI complex. The structure of the K1 domain is similar to those of other Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438656  Cd Length: 55  Bit Score: 36.18  E-value: 2.00e-04
                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 320545934 34 SKCAGNLDGGnnrksKCKksANKNMWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE 90
Cdd:cd22613   2 SFCAFKADDG-----PCK--AIMKRFFFNIFTRQCEEFIYGGCEGNENRFETLEECK 51
Kunitz_PPTI-like cd22608
Pseudocerastes persicus trypsin inhibitor (PPTI), Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor ...
60-89 2.88e-04

Pseudocerastes persicus trypsin inhibitor (PPTI), Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor bitisilin, and similar proteins; This group contains Pseudocerastes persicus trypsin inhibitor (PPTI), Bitis gabonica Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor bitisilin-1 (BG-11), -2 (BG-15) and -3 (two-Kunitz protease inhibitor), Oxyuranus scutellatus scutellatus taicatoxin, and serine protease inhibitor component (TSPI, also called venom protease inhibitor 1 or venom protease inhibitor 2), among others. PPTI from P. persicus venom shows inhibitory effect against trypsin proteolytic activity and has similarities to dendrotoxins (DTXs), with corresponding functionally important residues. Studies have shown the ability of PPTI to inhibit voltage-gated potassium channels, and consequently have dual functionality. Bitilisins 1, 2, and 3 are serine protease inhibitors expressed in snake venom glands; bitsilin-3 consists of two Kunitz protease inhibitor domains. Taicatoxin inhibits trypsin, tissue kallikrein, elastase, plasmin and factor Xa, and is also known to block the voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels from the heart, and the small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (KCa) in chromaffin cells and in the brain. The structures of these Kunitz-type proteins are similar to other Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438651  Cd Length: 54  Bit Score: 35.74  E-value: 2.88e-04
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 320545934 60 HYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALC 89
Cdd:cd22608  21 YYNSASNKCQQFIYGGCKGNANNFETKDEC 50
Kunitz_textilinin-like cd22594
venom Kunitz-type proteins such as textilinin, BF9 and PILP; This group includes toxins ...
54-90 3.33e-04

venom Kunitz-type proteins such as textilinin, BF9 and PILP; This group includes toxins isolated from snake venoms, such as textilinin, vestiginin, spermatin, mulgin, venom basic protease inhibitor IX (BF9), and protease inhibitor-like protein (PILP), among others. Pseudonaja textilis textilinin-1 is a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor that binds to and blocks the activity of a range of serine proteases, including plasmin and trypsin. Ability of testilinin to inhibit plasmin, a protease involved in fibrinolysis, raises the possibility that it may be used as an alternative to aprotinin (Trasylol), which is a systemic antibleeding agent in surgery. Also included is the Bungarus fasciatus fraction IX (BF9), a chymotrypsin inhibitor that binds chymotrypsin but not trypsin. Protease inhibitor-like proteins PILP-1 and PILP-2 show weak binding and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and show an activity in inhibiting migration and invasion of neuroblastoma; they do not inhibit chymotrypsin or trypsin. The structures of these toxins are similar to those of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438637  Cd Length: 56  Bit Score: 35.37  E-value: 3.33e-04
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 320545934 54 ANKNMWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE 90
Cdd:cd22594  16 AYKPAFYYNPASHKCLEFIYGGCGGNANNFKTIDECH 52
Kunitz_collagen_alpha1_XXVIII cd22628
Kunitz-type domain from the alpha1 chain of type XXVIII collagen, and similar proteins; This ...
58-92 6.26e-04

Kunitz-type domain from the alpha1 chain of type XXVIII collagen, and similar proteins; This model includes the Kunitz-type domain from the alpha1 chain of type XXVIII collagen (collagen alpha-1(XXVIII) chain) and similar proteins. The zebrafish has four collagen XXVIII genes all of which are differentially expressed in the liver, thymus, muscle, intestine and skin; only the alpha1 chain contains the Kunitz domain which is often proteolytically processed. Mammals only contain the alpha1 collagen chain, expressed mostly in dorsal root ganglia and peripheral nerves. The Kunitz domain is found at the C-terminus, and is most related to Kunitz domains of papilin and alpha3(VI) collagen. This domain is similar to that of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438671  Cd Length: 51  Bit Score: 34.56  E-value: 6.26e-04
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 320545934 58 MWHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALC-EAC 92
Cdd:cd22628  16 KWYYDKQANSCAQFWYGGCEGNRNRFETEEECrKTC 51
Kunitz_papilin_lacunin-like cd22639
Drosophila melanogaster Kunitz domain 1, Manduca sexta lacunin Kunitz domain 1, and simialr ...
59-91 8.52e-04

Drosophila melanogaster Kunitz domain 1, Manduca sexta lacunin Kunitz domain 1, and simialr proteins; This model includes Drosophila melanogaster Kunitz domain 1 of papilin and Manduca sexta Kunitz domain 1 of lacunin, and similar proteins. D. melanogaster papilin is an essential extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that influences cell rearrangements. It may act by modulating metalloproteinase action during organogenesis and is able to non-competitively inhibit procollagen N-proteinase, an ADAMTS metalloproteinase. M. sexta lacunin is a large multidomain ECM containing several domains including several Kunitz-type protease inhibitors, thrombospondin type I, immunoglobulin-like and others. It exerts multiple effects on a variety of cell behaviors associated with the complex phenomenon of epithelial morphogenesis. These domains are similar to Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438681  Cd Length: 52  Bit Score: 34.47  E-value: 8.52e-04
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCEA 91
Cdd:cd22639  17 WYFDMAYGGCSRFWYGGCGGNGNRFDTEEECKA 49
Kunitz_B2B cd22619
Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor subunit of beta 2-bungarotoxin, and similar proteins; ...
59-89 1.14e-03

Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor subunit of beta 2-bungarotoxin, and similar proteins; This model includes the Kunitz inhibitor subunit of beta 2-bungarotoxin, a presynaptic neurotoxin of the Bungarus multicinctus venom. Beta-bungarotoxin is a heterodimeric neurotoxin consisting of a phospholipase subunit linked by a disulfide bond to the Kunitz protease inhibitor subunit; the latter subunit is homologous to venom basic protease inhibitors but has no protease inhibitor activity and is non-toxic. The beta-bungarotoxin Kunitz subunit serves to guide the toxin to its site of action on the presynaptic membrane by virtue of a high-affinity interaction with a specific subclass of voltage-sensitive potassium channels. This subfamily also includes Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor homolog beta-bungarotoxin B1 chain and protease inhibitor-like protein 1 (PILP-1). The B1 chain also has no protease inhibitor activity but blocks voltage-gated potassium channels, while PILP-1 inhibits trypsin. The structures of these domains are similar to those of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438662  Cd Length: 58  Bit Score: 34.07  E-value: 1.14e-03
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALC 89
Cdd:cd22619  23 FYYNPSAKTCLQFVYGGCNGNGNHFKSKALC 53
Kunitz_WFIKKN_1-like cd22605
first Kunitz domain of WAP, Kazal, immunoglobulin, Kunitz and NTR domain-containing proteins; ...
59-94 1.42e-03

first Kunitz domain of WAP, Kazal, immunoglobulin, Kunitz and NTR domain-containing proteins; This subfamily includes WAP, Kazal, immunoglobulin, Kunitz and NTR domain-containing protein 1 (WFIKKN1, WFKN1), WFIKKN2 (WFKN2), and similar proteins. WFIKKN proteins are protease inhibitors that contain two distinct Kunitz-type protease inhibitor domains. They may have serine protease- and metalloprotease-inhibitor activity. This model represents the first Kunitz domain that is similar to Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438648  Cd Length: 52  Bit Score: 33.87  E-value: 1.42e-03
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKalcEACRR 94
Cdd:cd22605  18 WYFDAKRGNCFTFTYGGCDGNRNHFETY---EECRL 50
Kunitz_bikunin_1-like cd22596
first Kunitz domain of bikunin and similar proteins; This subfamily includes the N-terminal ...
60-93 1.57e-03

first Kunitz domain of bikunin and similar proteins; This subfamily includes the N-terminal domain of bikunin (also known as inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor light chain (ITI-LC) or urinary trypsin inhibitor), a plasma protease inhibitor, that is associated with inflammation and stabilizes the extracellular matrix. It is encoded together with alpha-1-microglobulin (A1M) by an alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor (AMBP) gene that is tightly controlled by several hepatocyte-enriched nuclear (HEN) factors, and cleaved by a furin-like protease that releases the two mature molecules. Bikunin is a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor, found in vertebrate serum and urine, modified by a chondroitin sulfate (CS) chain. The structures of these toxins are similar to that of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds. Bikunin contains two Kunitz domains; this model represents the first repeat.


Pssm-ID: 438639  Cd Length: 54  Bit Score: 33.76  E-value: 1.57e-03
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 320545934 60 HYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALC-EACR 93
Cdd:cd22596  20 FYNSSSMACQTFNYGGCLGNQNNFVTEKEClQTCR 54
Kunitz_TFPI2_2-like cd22617
Kunitz domain 2 (KD2) of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2) and similar proteins; This ...
59-90 1.91e-03

Kunitz domain 2 (KD2) of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2) and similar proteins; This model represents the Kunitz-type domain 2 (KD2) of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2 or TFPI-2) and similar proteins. TFPI2 exhibits inhibitory activity primarily toward trypsin, plasmin, and factor VIIa (FVIIa)/tissue factor (TF) via its KD1. It is believed to be the major inhibitor of plasmin in the extracellular matrix (ECM) but has little inhibitory activity toward urokinase-type plasminogen activator, tissue-type plasminogen activator, or thrombin. While TFPI2 specifically inhibits the proteases via the P1 arginine residue in KD1, domains KD2 and KD3 appear to have no discernible inhibitory activity and may serve to bind to nearby proteins to localize TFPI2 in the ECM. This domain is similar to that of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) that shows an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438660  Cd Length: 54  Bit Score: 33.51  E-value: 1.91e-03
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE 90
Cdd:cd22617  20 YFYNMTSMRCEEFTYGGCYGNGNNFRDKSSCI 51
Kunitz_huwentoxin cd22598
Kunitz-type toxin huwentoxin-XI; This model contains Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor ...
58-89 2.70e-03

Kunitz-type toxin huwentoxin-XI; This model contains Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor huwentoxin-XI, including U15-theraphotoxin-Hs1g (also called U15-TRTX-Hs1g or Huwentoxin HW11c39), and kappaPI-theraphotoxin-Hs1a (also called KappaPI-TRTX-Hs1a or Huwentoxin-HW11g8). Huwentoxin-XI is a bifunctional toxin that inhibits both serine proteases (trypsin) and voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) via surfaces displayed on opposite faces of the toxin. The structures of these domains are similar to those of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds.


Pssm-ID: 438641  Cd Length: 53  Bit Score: 33.04  E-value: 2.70e-03
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 320545934 58 MWHYNTRTknCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALC 89
Cdd:cd22598  18 RWYFNGRT--CAKFIYGGCGGNDNKFPTQEAC 47
Kunitz_boophilin_2-like cd22600
second Kunitz domain of Rhipicephalus microplus boophilin and similar proteins; This group ...
59-94 4.44e-03

second Kunitz domain of Rhipicephalus microplus boophilin and similar proteins; This group includes venom serine protease inhibitors such as Rhipicephalus microplus and Ixodes scapularis boofilin, among others. Boophilin prevents blood clot formation to allow successful feeding and digestion through its inhibition activity of thrombin and other host anticoagulating factors like kallikrein, coagulation factor VII, or plasmin; it interacts with the host thrombin and trypsin. The structures of these domains are similar to those of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds. Rhipicephalus microplus boophilin contains two Kunitz domains; this model represents the second repeat.


Pssm-ID: 438643  Cd Length: 54  Bit Score: 32.40  E-value: 4.44e-03
                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 320545934 59 WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE-ACRR 94
Cdd:cd22600  18 WFFNVTTGACETFVYGGCGGNANNYKSQEECElACLR 54
Kunitz_boophilin_1-like cd22599
first Kunitz domain of Rhipicephalus microplus boophilin and similar proteins; This group ...
46-96 7.74e-03

first Kunitz domain of Rhipicephalus microplus boophilin and similar proteins; This group includes venom serine protease inhibitors such as Rhipicephalus microplus and Ixodes scapularis boofilin, among others. Boophilin prevents blood clot formation to allow successful feeding and digestion through its inhibition activity of thrombin and other host anticoagulating factors like kallikrein, coagulation factor VII, or plasmin; it interacts with the host thrombin and trypsin. The structures of these domains are similar to those of Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors such as BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor), showing an alpha/beta fold with irregular secondary structure stabilized by three disulfide bonds. Rhipicephalus microplus boophilin contains two Kunitz domains; this model represents the first repeat.


Pssm-ID: 438642  Cd Length: 61  Bit Score: 32.06  E-value: 7.74e-03
                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 320545934 46 RKSKCKKSANKNM-------WHYNTRTKNCTQFNYLGCGGNNNRWCTKALCE-ACRRPR 96
Cdd:cd22599   2 RNGICRLPADEGIcraliprFYFNTETGQCTEFIYGGCGGNENNFETIEECEkACGAPE 60
 
Blast search parameters
Data Source: Precalculated data, version = cdd.v.3.21
Preset Options:Database: CDSEARCH/cdd   Low complexity filter: no  Composition Based Adjustment: yes   E-value threshold: 0.01

References:

  • Wang J et al. (2023), "The conserved domain database in 2023", Nucleic Acids Res.51(D)384-8.
  • Lu S et al. (2020), "The conserved domain database in 2020", Nucleic Acids Res.48(D)265-8.
  • Marchler-Bauer A et al. (2017), "CDD/SPARCLE: functional classification of proteins via subfamily domain architectures.", Nucleic Acids Res.45(D)200-3.
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