monocarboxylate transporter 1; [Transport and binding proteins, Carbohydrates, organic alcohols, and acids]

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1327848682  33 GLLLDKTNNFSYVFYMSSGFLVSGSLILGVGFYAAEKKKLKqdgqakmenaTSEMTPMHDLTSEDKDSAKKQPYPE 108
Cdd:TIGR00892 390 GRLVDATKNYKYIFYASGSIVVSAGLFLAIGNYINYRLLAK----------EQKAALEREGARDKKDAEGDSRESE 455

Monocarboxylate transporters 9 and 14, and similar proteins of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Monocarboxylate transporters 3 (MCT3) and 4 (MCT4) are also called Solute carrier family 16 members 8 (SLC16A8) and 3 (SLC16A3), respectively. They are proton-coupled transporters that facilitate the transport across the plasma membrane of monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucine, valine and isoleucine, and ketone bodies such as acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetate. MCT3 is preferentially expressed in the basolateral membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium and plays a role in pH and ion homeostasis of the outer retina by facilitating the transport of lactate and H(+) out of the retina. Mice deficient with MCT3 display altered visual function. MCT4 is highly expressed in tissues dependent on glycolysis, and it plays an important role in lactate efflux from cells. MCT4 is expressed in neurons and astrocytes; it has been found to play a role in neuroprotective mechanism of ischemic preconditioning in animals (in the gerbil) with transient cerebral ischemia. Increased MCT4 expression has also been correlated with worse prognosis across many cancer types. MCT3/4 belongs to the Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins. MFS proteins are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1327848682   1 MMLGGVLASLGMVVSTFSGSLTHLFLTAGVITGLLL 36
Cdd:cd17430    71 MLVGGLLASLGMILASFCTSIIQLYLTAGVITGLGL 106

Monocarboxylate transporter 6 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Monocarboxylate transporter 6 (MCT6) is also called Solute carrier family 16 member 5 (SLC16A5). MCT6 has been shown to transport bumetanide, nateglinide, probenecid, and prostaglandin F2a, but not L-lactic acid, in a pH- and membrane potential-dependent manner. It may be involved in the disposition and absorption of various drugs. MCT6 is expressed in the kidney, muscle, brain, heart, pancreas, prostate, lung, and placenta. It belongs to the Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins. MFS proteins are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1327848682  31 ITGLLLDKTNNFSYVFYMSSGFLVSGSLILGVGF 64
Cdd:cd17425   331 LAGLLVDITQQYSYVFYASSIFVVSAALFMGLSF 364

Monocarboxylate transporters 9 and 14, and similar proteins of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Monocarboxylate transporters 3 (MCT3) and 4 (MCT4) are also called Solute carrier family 16 members 8 (SLC16A8) and 3 (SLC16A3), respectively. They are proton-coupled transporters that facilitate the transport across the plasma membrane of monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucine, valine and isoleucine, and ketone bodies such as acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetate. MCT3 is preferentially expressed in the basolateral membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium and plays a role in pH and ion homeostasis of the outer retina by facilitating the transport of lactate and H(+) out of the retina. Mice deficient with MCT3 display altered visual function. MCT4 is highly expressed in tissues dependent on glycolysis, and it plays an important role in lactate efflux from cells. MCT4 is expressed in neurons and astrocytes; it has been found to play a role in neuroprotective mechanism of ischemic preconditioning in animals (in the gerbil) with transient cerebral ischemia. Increased MCT4 expression has also been correlated with worse prognosis across many cancer types. MCT3/4 belongs to the Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins. MFS proteins are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1327848682   1 MMLGGVLASLGMVVSTFSGSLTHLFLTAGVITGLLL 36
Cdd:cd17430    71 MLVGGLLASLGMILASFCTSIIQLYLTAGVITGLGL 106

monocarboxylate transporter 1; [Transport and binding proteins, Carbohydrates, organic alcohols, and acids]

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1327848682  33 GLLLDKTNNFSYVFYMSSGFLVSGSLILGVGFYAAEKKKLKqdgqakmenaTSEMTPMHDLTSEDKDSAKKQPYPE 108
Cdd:TIGR00892 390 GRLVDATKNYKYIFYASGSIVVSAGLFLAIGNYINYRLLAK----------EQKAALEREGARDKKDAEGDSRESE 455

Monocarboxylate transporter 7 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Monocarboxylate transporter 7 (MCT7) is also called Solute carrier family 16 member 6 (SLC16A6). Zebrafish MCT7 is required for hepatocyte secretion of ketone bodies during fasting; it has been shown to be a selective transporter of the major ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate, whose abundance is increased during fasting. MCT7 is expressed in the brain, pancreas, muscle, and prostate. It belongs to the Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins. MFS proteins are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1327848682   1 MMLGGVLASLGMVVSTFSGSLTHLFLTAGVITGL 34
Cdd:cd17422    71 VMVGGLLISLGMITASFASSIVEMYLTIGIISGL 104

Monocarboxylate transporter 6 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Monocarboxylate transporter 6 (MCT6) is also called Solute carrier family 16 member 5 (SLC16A5). MCT6 has been shown to transport bumetanide, nateglinide, probenecid, and prostaglandin F2a, but not L-lactic acid, in a pH- and membrane potential-dependent manner. It may be involved in the disposition and absorption of various drugs. MCT6 is expressed in the kidney, muscle, brain, heart, pancreas, prostate, lung, and placenta. It belongs to the Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins. MFS proteins are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1327848682  31 ITGLLLDKTNNFSYVFYMSSGFLVSGSLILGVGF 64
Cdd:cd17425   331 LAGLLVDITQQYSYVFYASSIFVVSAALFMGLSF 364

Monocarboxylate transporter 2 of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; Monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2) is also called Solute carrier family 16 member 7 (SLC16A7). It is a proton-coupled transporter that facilitates the transport across the plasma membrane of monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucine, valine and isoleucine, and ketone bodies such as acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetate. It transports pyruvate and lactate outside and inside of sperm and plays roles in the regulation of spermatogenesis. Genetic variation in MCT2 has functional and clinical relevance with male infertility. MCT2 is consistently overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa) cells and its location at peroxisomes is associated with malignant transformation. MCT2 belongs to the Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins. MFS proteins are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1327848682   1 MMLGGVLASLGMVVSTFSGSLTHLFLTAGVITGLLL 36
Cdd:cd17427    71 VIAGGLLCSLGMISASFCNSVMQLYLCIGVIGGLGL 106

Oxalate:formate antiporter (OFA) and similar proteins of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters; This subfamily is composed of Oxalobacter formigenes oxalate:formate antiporter (OFA or OxlT) and similar proteins. O. formigenes, a commensal found in the gut of animals and humans, plays an important role in clearing dietary oxalate from the intestinal tract, which is carried out by OFA/OxlT, an anion transporter that facilitates the exchange of divalent oxalate with monovalent formate, the product of oxalate decarboxylation. This exchange generates an electrochemical proton gradient and is the source of energy for ATP synthesis in this cell. The OFA-like subfamily belongs to the Monocarboxylate transporter -like (MCT-like) family of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins. MFS proteins are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1327848682   1 MMLGGVLASLGMVVSTFSGSLTHLFLTAGVITGL 34
Cdd:cd17353    71 ILIGGILFGLGFILSAFAISLPLLFLGYGVLGGI 104