glutamyl-tRNA reductase; This enzyme, together with glutamate-1-semialdehyde-2,1-aminomutase ...
88-489
2.68e-107
glutamyl-tRNA reductase; This enzyme, together with glutamate-1-semialdehyde-2,1-aminomutase (TIGR00713), leads to the production of delta-amino-levulinic acid from Glu-tRNA. [Biosynthesis of cofactors, prosthetic groups, and carriers, Heme, porphyrin, and cobalamin]
Pssm-ID: 273407 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 417 Bit Score: 326.65 E-value: 2.68e-107
NADP-binding domain of glutamyl-tRNA reductase; Glutamyl-tRNA reductase catalyzes the ...
88-408
2.10e-100
NADP-binding domain of glutamyl-tRNA reductase; Glutamyl-tRNA reductase catalyzes the conversion of glutamyl-tRNA to glutamate-1-semialdehyde, initiating the synthesis of tetrapyrrole. Whereas tRNAs are generally associated with peptide bond formation in protein translation, here the tRNA activates glutamate in the initiation of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in archaea, plants and many bacteria. In the first step, activated glutamate is reduced to glutamate-1-semi-aldehyde via the NADPH dependent glutamyl-tRNA reductase. Glutamyl-tRNA reductase forms a V-shaped dimer. Each monomer has 3 domains: an N-terminal catalytic domain, a classic nucleotide binding domain, and a C-terminal dimerization domain. Although the representative structure 1GPJ lacks a bound NADPH, a theoretical binding pocket has been described. (PMID 11172694). Amino acid dehydrogenase (DH)-like NAD(P)-binding domains are members of the Rossmann fold superfamily and include glutamate, leucine, and phenylalanine DHs, methylene tetrahydrofolate DH, methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin DH, methylene-tetrahydropholate DH/cyclohydrolase, Shikimate DH-like proteins, malate oxidoreductases, and glutamyl tRNA reductase. Amino acid DHs catalyze the deamination of amino acids to keto acids with NAD(P)+ as a cofactor. The NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold superfamily includes a wide variety of protein families including NAD(P)- binding domains of alcohol DHs, tyrosine-dependent oxidoreductases, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate DH, lactate/malate DHs, formate/glycerate DHs, siroheme synthases, 6-phosphogluconate DH, amino acid DHs, repressor rex, NAD-binding potassium channel domain, CoA-binding, and ornithine cyclodeaminase-like domains. These domains have an alpha-beta-alpha configuration. NAD binding involves numerous hydrogen and van der Waals contacts.
Pssm-ID: 133452 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 311 Bit Score: 305.34 E-value: 2.10e-100
glutamyl-tRNA reductase; This enzyme, together with glutamate-1-semialdehyde-2,1-aminomutase ...
88-489
2.68e-107
glutamyl-tRNA reductase; This enzyme, together with glutamate-1-semialdehyde-2,1-aminomutase (TIGR00713), leads to the production of delta-amino-levulinic acid from Glu-tRNA. [Biosynthesis of cofactors, prosthetic groups, and carriers, Heme, porphyrin, and cobalamin]
Pssm-ID: 273407 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 417 Bit Score: 326.65 E-value: 2.68e-107
NADP-binding domain of glutamyl-tRNA reductase; Glutamyl-tRNA reductase catalyzes the ...
88-408
2.10e-100
NADP-binding domain of glutamyl-tRNA reductase; Glutamyl-tRNA reductase catalyzes the conversion of glutamyl-tRNA to glutamate-1-semialdehyde, initiating the synthesis of tetrapyrrole. Whereas tRNAs are generally associated with peptide bond formation in protein translation, here the tRNA activates glutamate in the initiation of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in archaea, plants and many bacteria. In the first step, activated glutamate is reduced to glutamate-1-semi-aldehyde via the NADPH dependent glutamyl-tRNA reductase. Glutamyl-tRNA reductase forms a V-shaped dimer. Each monomer has 3 domains: an N-terminal catalytic domain, a classic nucleotide binding domain, and a C-terminal dimerization domain. Although the representative structure 1GPJ lacks a bound NADPH, a theoretical binding pocket has been described. (PMID 11172694). Amino acid dehydrogenase (DH)-like NAD(P)-binding domains are members of the Rossmann fold superfamily and include glutamate, leucine, and phenylalanine DHs, methylene tetrahydrofolate DH, methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin DH, methylene-tetrahydropholate DH/cyclohydrolase, Shikimate DH-like proteins, malate oxidoreductases, and glutamyl tRNA reductase. Amino acid DHs catalyze the deamination of amino acids to keto acids with NAD(P)+ as a cofactor. The NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold superfamily includes a wide variety of protein families including NAD(P)- binding domains of alcohol DHs, tyrosine-dependent oxidoreductases, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate DH, lactate/malate DHs, formate/glycerate DHs, siroheme synthases, 6-phosphogluconate DH, amino acid DHs, repressor rex, NAD-binding potassium channel domain, CoA-binding, and ornithine cyclodeaminase-like domains. These domains have an alpha-beta-alpha configuration. NAD binding involves numerous hydrogen and van der Waals contacts.
Pssm-ID: 133452 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 311 Bit Score: 305.34 E-value: 2.10e-100
Shikimate / quinate 5-dehydrogenase; This family contains both shikimate and quinate ...
256-396
8.02e-51
Shikimate / quinate 5-dehydrogenase; This family contains both shikimate and quinate dehydrogenases. Shikimate 5-dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of shikimate to 5-dehydroshikimate. This reaction is part of the shikimate pathway which is involved in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. Quinate 5-dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of quinate to 5-dehydroquinate. This reaction is part of the quinate pathway where quinic acid is exploited as a source of carbon in prokaryotes and microbial eukaryotes. Both the shikimate and quinate pathways share two common pathway metabolites 3-dehydroquinate and dehydroshikimate.
Pssm-ID: 460229 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 136 Bit Score: 170.45 E-value: 8.02e-51
Ornithine cyclodeaminase/archaeal alanine dehydrogenase, mu-crystallin family [Amino acid ...
244-368
4.88e-08
Ornithine cyclodeaminase/archaeal alanine dehydrogenase, mu-crystallin family [Amino acid transport and metabolism]; Ornithine cyclodeaminase/archaeal alanine dehydrogenase, mu-crystallin family is part of the Pathway/BioSystem: Proline biosynthesis
Pssm-ID: 441972 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 322 Bit Score: 54.77 E-value: 4.88e-08
NAD(P) binding domain of Shikimate dehydrogenase; Shikimate dehydrogenase (DH) is an amino ...
269-369
6.57e-08
NAD(P) binding domain of Shikimate dehydrogenase; Shikimate dehydrogenase (DH) is an amino acid DH family member. Shikimate pathway links metabolism of carbohydrates to de novo biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids, quinones and folate. It is essential in plants, bacteria, and fungi but absent in mammals, thus making enzymes involved in this pathway ideal targets for broad spectrum antibiotics and herbicides. Shikimate DH catalyzes the reduction of 3-hydroshikimate to shikimate using the cofactor NADH. Amino acid DH-like NAD(P)-binding domains are members of the Rossmann fold superfamily and include glutamate, leucine, and phenylalanine DHs, methylene tetrahydrofolate DH, methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin DH, methylene-tetrahydropholate DH/cyclohydrolase, Shikimate DH-like proteins, malate oxidoreductases, and glutamyl tRNA reductase. Amino acid DHs catalyze the deamination of amino acids to keto acids with NAD(P)+ as a cofactor. The NAD(P)-binding Rossmann fold superfamily includes a wide variety of protein families including NAD(P)- binding domains of alcohol DHs, tyrosine-dependent oxidoreductases, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate DH, lactate/malate DHs, formate/glycerate DHs, siroheme synthases, 6-phosphogluconate DHs, amino acid DHs, repressor rex, NAD-binding potassium channel domain, CoA-binding, and ornithine cyclodeaminase-like domains. These domains have an alpha-beta-alpha configuration. NAD binding involves numerous hydrogen and van der Waals contacts.
Pssm-ID: 133443 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 155 Bit Score: 51.89 E-value: 6.57e-08
Shikimate 5-dehydrogenase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]; Shikimate 5-dehydrogenase is ...
271-338
3.00e-05
Shikimate 5-dehydrogenase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]; Shikimate 5-dehydrogenase is part of the Pathway/BioSystem: Aromatic amino acid biosynthesis
Pssm-ID: 439939 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 270 Bit Score: 45.90 E-value: 3.00e-05
Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]; ...
269-339
8.29e-05
Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]; Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase is part of the Pathway/BioSystem: Proline biosynthesis
Pssm-ID: 440114 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 267 Bit Score: 44.28 E-value: 8.29e-05
Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family; ...
271-348
2.79e-04
Medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family; This group contains members identified as related to zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and other members of the MDR family, including threonine dehydrogenase. The medium chain dehydrogenases/reductase (MDR)/zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase-like family, which contains the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-Zn) and related proteins, is a diverse group of proteins related to the first identified member, class I mammalian ADH. MDRs display a broad range of activities and are distinguished from the smaller short chain dehydrogenases (~ 250 amino acids vs. the ~ 350 amino acids of the MDR). The MDR proteins have 2 domains: a C-terminal NAD(P) binding-Rossmann fold domain of a beta-alpha form and an N-terminal catalytic domain with distant homology to GroES. The MDR group includes various activities, including the founding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, butanediol DH, ketose reductase, cinnamyl reductase, and numerous others. The zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the NAD(P)(H)-dependent interconversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Active site zinc has a catalytic role, while structural zinc aids in stability. ADH-like proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and generally have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. The active site zinc is coordinated by a histidine, two cysteines, and a water molecule. The second zinc seems to play a structural role, affects subunit interactions, and is typically coordinated by 4 cysteines.
Pssm-ID: 176204 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 319 Bit Score: 43.00 E-value: 2.79e-04
N-terminal NAD(P)-binding domain of native NAD(P)H-dependent amine dehydrogenases (nat-AmDHs) ...
272-357
4.22e-04
N-terminal NAD(P)-binding domain of native NAD(P)H-dependent amine dehydrogenases (nat-AmDHs) and similar proteins; The family corresponds to a group of native NAD(P)H-dependent amine dehydrogenases (nat-AmDHs) that catalyze the reductive amination of ketone and aldehyde substrates using NAD(P)H as the hydride source. nat-AmDHs can naturally catalyze the amination of 'neutral' carbonyl compounds using ammonia. They possess tremendous potential for the efficient asymmetric synthesis of alpha-chiral amines. The family also contains 2,4-diaminopentanoate dehydrogenase (DAPDH) and similar proteins. DAPDH, also known as ORD, is involved in the ornithine fermentation pathway. It catalyzes the oxidative deamination of (2R,4S)-2,4-diaminopentanoate ((2R,4S)-DAP) to yield 2-amino-4-ketopentanoate (AKP). Although DAPDH is more efficient with (2R,4S)-DAP, the diastereoisomer (2R,4R)-DAP can also be metabolized. Different forms of DAPDH exist which utilize NAD(+) (EC 1.4.1.26) or NAD(+)/NADP(+) (EC 1.4.1.12). Members of this family contain an N-terminal Rossmann fold NAD(P)-binding domain and a C-terminal dimerization domain.
Pssm-ID: 467616 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 157 Bit Score: 40.99 E-value: 4.22e-04
NmrA (a transcriptional regulator), HSCARG (an NADPH sensor), and triphenylmethane reductase ...
275-327
2.96e-03
NmrA (a transcriptional regulator), HSCARG (an NADPH sensor), and triphenylmethane reductase (TMR) like proteins, atypical (a) SDRs; Atypical SDRs belonging to this subgroup include NmrA, HSCARG, and TMR, these proteins bind NAD(P) but they lack the usual catalytic residues of the SDRs. Atypical SDRs are distinct from classical SDRs. NmrA is a negative transcriptional regulator of various fungi, involved in the post-translational modulation of the GATA-type transcription factor AreA. NmrA lacks the canonical GXXGXXG NAD-binding motif and has altered residues at the catalytic triad, including a Met instead of the critical Tyr residue. NmrA may bind nucleotides but appears to lack any dehydrogenase activity. HSCARG has been identified as a putative NADP-sensing molecule, and redistributes and restructures in response to NADPH/NADP ratios. Like NmrA, it lacks most of the active site residues of the SDR family, but has an NAD(P)-binding motif similar to the extended SDR family, GXXGXXG. TMR, an NADP-binding protein, lacks the active site residues of the SDRs but has a glycine rich NAD(P)-binding motif that matches the extended SDRs. Atypical SDRs include biliverdin IX beta reductase (BVR-B,aka flavin reductase), NMRa (a negative transcriptional regulator of various fungi), progesterone 5-beta-reductase like proteins, phenylcoumaran benzylic ether and pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases, phenylpropene synthases, eugenol synthase, triphenylmethane reductase, isoflavone reductases, and others. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold, an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes is typically in the 15-30% range; they catalyze a wide range of activities including the metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser and/or an Asn, contributing to the active site; while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. In addition to the Rossmann fold core region typical of all SDRs, extended SDRs have a less conserved C-terminal extension of approximately 100 amino acids, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif.
Pssm-ID: 187651 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 224 Bit Score: 39.45 E-value: 2.96e-03
NAD(P)-dependent sugar dehydrogenases; This group contains proteins identified as sorbitol ...
248-346
5.97e-03
NAD(P)-dependent sugar dehydrogenases; This group contains proteins identified as sorbitol dehydrogenases and other sugar dehydrogenases of the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family (MDR), which includes zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and related proteins. Sorbitol and aldose reductase are NAD(+) binding proteins of the polyol pathway, which interconverts glucose and fructose. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is tetrameric and has a single catalytic zinc per subunit. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes, or ketones. Related proteins include threonine dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, and butanediol dehydrogenase. The medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR) has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The N-terminal region typically has an all-beta catalytic domain. These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit. Horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase is a dimeric enzyme and each subunit has two domains. The NAD binding domain is in a Rossmann fold and the catalytic domain contains a zinc ion to which substrates bind. There is a cleft between the domains that closes upon formation of the ternary complex.
Pssm-ID: 176198 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 343 Bit Score: 39.13 E-value: 5.97e-03
Database: CDSEARCH/cdd Low complexity filter: no Composition Based Adjustment: yes E-value threshold: 0.01
References:
Wang J et al. (2023), "The conserved domain database in 2023", Nucleic Acids Res.51(D)384-8.
Lu S et al. (2020), "The conserved domain database in 2020", Nucleic Acids Res.48(D)265-8.
Marchler-Bauer A et al. (2017), "CDD/SPARCLE: functional classification of proteins via subfamily domain architectures.", Nucleic Acids Res.45(D)200-3.
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